JP2014168323A - Power supply system, power supply control program, and power supply control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve continuity or stability of power supply to an electric power load in a power supply system comprising a distributed power source including power storage means or power generation means during a power failure in a system power source.SOLUTION: A power supply system comprises: a first distribution system (4-1), a second distribution system (4-2) branched from the first distribution system (4-1) via switching means (switch 6); and a distributed power source (10) connected to the first distribution system and including either at least power storage means (power storage system 12) or power generation means [FC (Fuel Cell cogeneration) system 14]. In power supply from a system power source (5), the switching means is closed and power is supplied from the system power source to the first distribution system and the second distribution system. During a power failure in the system power source or self-sustaining operation of the distributed power source, the switching means is opened, power supply to the second distribution system is stopped, and power is supplied from the distributed power source to the first distribution system. A function limitation of an electric power load (8-3) connected to the second distribution system is performed, and power supply to the second distribution system is continued.

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system including a stationary power generator such as a fuel cell cogeneration system (hereinafter simply referred to as “FC system”), a power supply control program, and a power supply control method.

  The FC system generates power according to the amount of power load measured by the current sensor and supplies the power to the power load. In general, the FC system includes a current type inverter and generates power using a system voltage. When a power failure occurs in the grid power, the FC system loses the voltage source and stops generating power.

  Therefore, when the storage battery system is combined with the FC system and the system power supply fails, if the power is supplied from the storage battery system to the FC system, the FC system can continue power generation. Thereby, at the time of a power failure of a system power supply, it is possible to feed the generated power of the FC system to the power load.

It is known that power is supplied to a load by a combination of a photovoltaic power generation device and a storage battery at the time of a power failure of the system power supply (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-44733 A

  By the way, in a power feeding system including a storage battery system and an FC system, the power consumption of the power load is covered by each power of the system, the storage battery system, and the FC system during grid connection. In this case, if the total impedance from the storage battery system to the power load is Z1, and the total impedance from the FC system to the power load is Z2, Z2 is smaller than Z1, and Z1> Z2 is established.

  At the time of a power failure of the system power supply, if the system power supply is disconnected and the FC system is generated by obtaining power from the storage battery system, both the generated power of the FC system and the power of the storage battery system can be supplied to the power load. .

  The electric power load to which such electric power is supplied includes a special load (special electric power load) that instantaneously consumes a large current during rapid cooling, such as an electric refrigerator. When a large current flows through such a special power load, there is a problem that the power quality from the FC system is instantaneously lowered. That is, when the special power load instantaneously consumes a large current in a state where Z1> Z2 is satisfied, a large current is supplied to the special power load from the FC system having a low impedance.

  When a large current is consumed from the FC system side, the output voltage of the FC system is lowered, the power quality is lowered, and the protection function is activated. In other words, when the output voltage of the FC system is disturbed, the FC system detects the isolated operation, stops the power generation for a certain period of time, or stops the error depending on the number of detected independent operations or the continuous operation detection. Wake up. If the instantaneous large current is not consumed, the generated power of the FC system can be supplied to the power load. On the other hand, because of the instantaneous large current supply, the generated power of the FC system cannot be used during a power failure of the system power supply. There is a problem.

  However, protection functions such as an independent operation detection function of a distributed power source of an FC system or a storage battery system linked to a grid power source are indispensable for grid connection. Satisfaction of the grid interconnection regulations is essential, and no change or invalidation of operating conditions for the protection function of the distributed power supply is allowed in the grid interconnection state.

  When the power generated by the FC system is used in the event of a power failure of the system power supply, if the power generation of the FC system stops, the power generated by the FC system cannot be used, the burden on the storage battery increases, and the consumption of the storage battery becomes significant. There are challenges.

  Such a problem occurs not only in the FC system but also in other distributed power sources in which the power storage means includes power generation means such as solar power generation.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve the continuity and stability of power supply to a power load in a power supply system having a distributed power source including a power storage unit and a power generation unit at the time of a power failure of a system power source.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power feeding system according to the present invention includes a first power distribution system, a second power distribution system branched to the first power distribution system via an opening / closing means, and the first power distribution system. And a distributed power source including at least one of a power storage unit or a power generation unit, and when power is supplied to the system power source, the switching unit is closed, and the system power source is connected to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system. In the event of a power failure in the system power supply or in the independent operation of the distributed power supply, the power supply to the second power distribution system is stopped by opening the opening / closing means, and power is supplied from the distributed power supply to the first power distribution system To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power supply system according to the present invention includes a first power distribution system, a second power distribution system branched from the first power distribution system, and connected to a power load having a function limiting function, A distributed power source connected to the first power distribution system and including at least either power storage means or power generation means, and when supplying power to the system power supply, the system power supply is connected to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system. In the event of a power failure of the system power supply or in the independent operation of the distributed power supply, the function of the power load connected to the second power distribution system is restricted, and the distributed power supply is connected to the first power distribution system. In addition to supplying power, supply power to the second distribution system

  In the above power supply system, when the system power supply is restored, the function limitation of the power load may be released, and the system power supply may be supplied to the second distribution system.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power supply control program according to the present invention is a power supply control program that is executed by a computer mounted on a power supply system including a distributed power source including at least either power storage means or power generation means. A process of generating control information at the time of a power failure or during independent operation of the distributed power source separated from the system power source, limiting the function of the power load by the function limiting function, and feeding the distributed power source to the power load that is function-limited Is executed by the computer.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power supply control method according to the present invention branches a second power distribution system from a first power distribution system via an opening / closing means, and at least one of power storage means or power generation means is connected to the first power distribution system. The power supply of the system power supply is closed, the switching means is closed, the system power supply is supplied to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system, and the power supply of the system power supply is interrupted, or During the self-sustained operation of the distributed power supply, the switching means is opened to stop power supply to the second power distribution system, and power is supplied from the distributed power supply to the first power distribution system.

In order to achieve the above object, a power supply control method according to the present invention branches a second distribution system from a first distribution system, connects a power load having a function limiting function to the second distribution system, and Connecting a distributed power source including at least one of a power storage unit or a power generation unit to one power distribution system, and supplying the system power source to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system when supplying power to the system power source, At the time of a power failure of the system power supply or during the independent operation of the distributed power supply, the second power distribution system is configured to supply power from the distributed power supply to the first power distribution system and restrict the function of the power load by the function restriction function. Power to

  According to the present invention, any of the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) For power loads that instantaneously consume a large current, power is supplied from the system power supply and distributed power supply when the grid power supply is connected. Therefore, it is possible to supply power only from a distributed power source.

  (2) The load on the distributed power supply can be reduced, the detection of isolated operation on the distributed power supply side can be avoided, and the power load that does not instantaneously consume a large current during a power failure of the system power supply or in the independent operation of the distributed power supply can be continued. Power feeding can be performed, and continuity and stability of power feeding can be maintained.

  (3) During a power failure of the system power supply or when the distributed power supply is operating independently, the function is limited to the power load that consumes a large current. Stability can be increased.

Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become clearer with reference to the accompanying drawings and each embodiment.

It is a figure which shows the electric power feeding system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement at the time of the grid connection (power recovery from a power failure) of an electric power feeding system. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement at the time of a power failure of a system power supply. It is a figure which shows an example of electric power load. It is a figure which shows the control function of FC system. It is a figure which shows an example of the hardware of a control part. It is a figure which shows the electric power feeding system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement at the time of the grid connection (power recovery from a power failure) of an electric power feeding system. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement at the time of a power failure of a system power supply. It is a figure which shows the electric power load which can be function-limited. It is a figure which shows an example of the function and hardware of a function control part. It is a figure which shows an example of the function before a function restriction | limiting and after a function restriction | limiting. It is a figure which shows the electric power feeding system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of a function switching data table. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process sequence of electric power feeding control. It is a figure which shows the electric power feeding system which concerns on other embodiment.

[First Embodiment]

<System configuration>

  FIG. 1 shows a power supply system according to the first embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.

  The power feeding system 2 includes first and second power distribution systems 4-1 and 4-2 as a plurality of power distribution systems. The power distribution system 4-2 is branched from the power distribution system 4-1.

  A system power supply 5 is connected to the power distribution system 4-1. The system power source 5 is, for example, a power source supplied from an electric power company. A switch 6 is connected to the power distribution system 4-2. The switch 6 is closed when the system power supply 5 is fed, and is opened when the system power supply 5 is powered off or when the distributed power supply 10 is operating independently.

  The general power load 8-1 of the power load 8 is connected to the power distribution system 4-1, and the special power load 8-2 of the power load 8 is connected to the power distribution system 4-2. The power load 8 is an example of a plurality of power loads. The general power load 8-1 is an example of a first power load selected from a plurality of power loads. The special power load 8-2 is an example of a second power load selected from a plurality of power loads.

  The power load 8 includes a plurality of loads. For example, an air current (air conditioner), an electric toilet seat, an electric washing machine, an electric refrigerator, an electric vacuum cleaner, an IH (Induction Heater) cooking heater, etc. And those with little current change such as electric lamps and television receivers. Therefore, if the load selection condition is whether or not a sudden high current flows during power supply, the general power load 8-1 is one that does not flow a sudden high current during power supply, and the special power load is one that flows a rapid high current. It may be 8-2.

  The above-described distributed power source 10 is connected to the power distribution system 4-1. The distributed power source 10 is an example of a distributed power source. The system power supply 5 and the distributed power supply 10 are fed to the general power load 8-1 when the system power supply 5 is connected, and the distributed power supply 10 capable of independent operation when the system power supply 5 is interrupted or disconnected. Power is supplied from On the other hand, when the switch 6 is closed, the special power load 8-2 is supplied with power from the system power supply 5 and the distributed power supply 10, and when the system power supply 5 is powered off, the switch 6 is opened and the power supply is stopped.

  The distributed power supply 10 includes at least a power storage system 12 or an FC system (fuel cell cogeneration system) 14. The power storage system 12 is an example of power storage means. The FC system 14 is an example of power generation means.

  The power storage system 12 receives and stores system power from the system power supply 5 during grid connection, and when the system power supply 5 fails or when the distributed power supply 10 operates independently (hereinafter simply referred to as “self-supporting operation”). Power is supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the FC system 14. The power storage system 12 includes a voltage sensor 16, a switch 18, an inverter (INV) 20, and a storage battery 22.

  The voltage sensor 16 is an example of a state detection unit that detects, for example, a power failure, a power recovery from a power failure, and the like as the state of the system power supply 5. This voltage sensor 16 is connected to the input end of the power distribution system 4-1, and at this input end, the occurrence of a power failure of the system power supply 5 or a power recovery from the power failure is detected.

  The switch 18 is inserted into the input end side of the power distribution system 4-1 and is an example of a shut-off means for the power distribution system 4-1. The switch 18 receives the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 and is closed when the system is connected, and is opened when the system power supply 5 is interrupted. The sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 is applied to the switch 6. That is, the switch 6 receives the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16, closes when the grid is connected, and opens when the grid power supply 5 is interrupted.

  The voltage sensor 16 and the switches 6 and 18 can be constituted by a relay solenoid and a normally closed contact, for example. In other words, when the system is connected, the normally closed contact is closed by the excitation of the solenoid and the system power supply 5 is fed to the power distribution system 4-1, and when the power supply of the system power supply 5 is interrupted, the normally closed contact is opened by releasing the solenoid excitation. Is disconnected from the distribution system 4-1. At this time, due to the disconnection of the system power supply 5, the special power load 8-2 shifts to power supply stop.

  The INV 20 is connected to the power distribution system 4-1 between the switch 18 and the general power load 8-1. The INV 20 converts the AC input from the system power supply 5 into DC and feeds it to the storage battery 22 during grid connection, and converts the DC output from the storage battery 22 into AC during a power failure.

  The storage battery 22 is charged by receiving the DC output of the INV 20 during grid connection, and sends the DC output, and outputs the stored power to the INV 20 at the time of a power failure of the system power supply 5 or during a self-sustaining operation. This electricity storage output is converted into alternating current by INV20 and sent to the distribution system 4-1.

  The FC system 14 is connected to the power distribution system 4-1 between the power storage system 12 and the general power load 8-1, and generates power by supplying power from the system power supply 5 when connected to the system. At this time, power is generated by power supply from the power storage system 12. The FC system 14 includes a power generation stack 24, an inverter (INV) 26, a current sensor 27, and a control unit 28. The power generation stack 24 receives voltage input from the power distribution system 4-1 via the INV 26 and generates power.

  The INV 26 converts the direct current output of the power generation stack 24 into alternating current at the time of grid connection and at the time of power failure of the system power supply 5. The generated power of the FC system 14 is fed from the INV 26 to the power distribution system 4-1.

  The control unit 28 is an example of a control unit, and is configured by a microcomputer, for example. The control unit 28 performs power generation control by monitoring the AC output from the INV 26 to the power distribution system 4-1 and monitoring the grid connection, power failure, or power recovery. In this embodiment, the grid connection information, the power failure information, or the power recovery information is notified as the monitoring information from the voltage sensor 16 to the control unit 28. The control unit 28 shifts to the operation at the time of grid connection by the grid connection information, the operation at the time of power failure by the power failure information, or the operation at the time of grid connection by the power recovery information. The sensor output of the current sensor 27 is used for monitoring the AC output. In response to a sudden current change, for example, when a sudden current is sent from the FC system 14, the power generation of the FC system 14 is stopped by an isolated operation detection operation.

<Operation during grid connection>

In the power feeding system 2, as shown in FIG. 2, the voltage sensor 16 detects the interconnection state of the system power supply 5, and closes the switches 6 and 18. Thereby, the system power Ps is fed from the system power supply 5 to the distribution system 4-1, and is supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the special power load 8-2. At this time, the power storage system 12 performs charging or discharging. In the case of discharging, the power Pb from the power storage system 12 is output to the distribution system 4-1 and supplied to the general power load 8-1. Further, the FC system 14 is supplied with power from the system power supply 5 to generate power, and the generated power Pg is output to the distribution system 4-1 and supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the special power load 8-2. If the power supplied to the general power load 8-1 is Pw1, and the power supplied to the special power load 8-2 is Pw2, the supplied power Pw1 and Pw2 are
Pw1 + Pw2≈Ps + Pb + Pg (1)
It becomes.

<Operation at power failure of system power supply 5>

  As shown in FIG. 3, the voltage sensor 16 detects a power failure of the system power supply 5, and the switch 18 is opened. Thereby, the system power supply 5 is disconnected from the power distribution system 4-1. At the same time, since the switch 6 is opened, the special power load 8-2 is disconnected from the power distribution systems 4-1, 4-2. The power storage system 12 outputs the power Pb to the power distribution system 4-1 and supplies it to the general power load 8-1 and the FC system 14.

The FC system 14 is supplied with power from the power storage system 12 and generates power, and the generated power Pg is output to the distribution system 4-1 and supplied to the general power load 8-1. In this case, if the power supplied to the general power load 8-1 is Pw, the supplied power Pw is Ps = 0.
Pw≈Pb + Pg (2)
It becomes.

  During the power failure of the system power supply 5, the special power load 8-2 is stopped.

<Operation when system power supply 5 is restored>

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the voltage sensor 16 detects the power recovery of the system power supply 5, the switches 6 and 18 are closed. Thereby, the disconnection of the system power supply 5 is canceled, and the system shifts to the grid interconnection operation. Thereby, the system power Ps is supplied from the system power supply 5 to the distribution systems 4-1 and 4-2 and supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the special power load 8-2. As a result, the aforementioned power (Pw1 + Pw2≈Ps + Pb + Pg) is supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the special power load 8-2.

<Power load 8>

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the power load 8. The power load 8 includes a plurality of power loads such as an air conditioner, an electric toilet seat, an electric washing machine, an electric refrigerator, a vacuum cleaner, and an IH cooking heater.

  If the load selection condition is whether or not a sudden high current flows during power supply, the general power load 8-1 is one that does not flow a rapid high current during power supply, and the special power load 8- Select 2. In this case, an electric lamp 8-11, an electric clock 8-12, a television receiver 8-13, and the like are selected as the general power load 8-1. As the special power load 8-2, an air conditioner 8-21, an electric toilet seat 8-22, an electric washing machine 8-23, an electric refrigerator 8-24, an electric vacuum cleaner 8-25, an IH cooking heater 8-26, and the like are selected.

<Control function of FC system 14>

  FIG. 5 shows the control function of the FC system 14. The control unit 28 of the FC system 14 executes information processing by a computer. This information processing includes a state determination function 30, a power generation output monitoring function 32, a protection control function 34, and the like.

  The state determination function 30 determines the state of the system power supply 5. The state of the system power supply 5 is grid connection, power failure, power recovery from power failure. That is, the state determination function 30 is a state determination function for grid connection, power failure, and power recovery from a power failure. Therefore, the state determination function 30 receives the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 as an example, and determines whether the system power supply 5 is in a connected state, a power failure state, or a state where power is restored from a power failure. This state determination may be made by receiving a sensor output from the voltage sensor 16 as in this embodiment, or may receive state information from the power storage system 12.

  The power generation output monitoring function 32 receives, for example, the sensor output of the current sensor 27 and performs isolated operation detection. When the FC system 14 detects an isolated operation, the FC system 14 sends out a monitoring output for achieving the protection function.

  The protection control function 34 executes the operation of the FC system 14 within the range of the set protection conditions. The FC system 14 performs a protection function such as power generation stop when the power generation output monitoring function 32 detects the above-described isolated operation at the time of grid connection or when power is restored from a power failure.

<Hardware of control unit 28>

  FIG. 6 shows an example of hardware of the control unit 28. The control unit 28 is configured by a computer. The control unit 28 includes, for example, a processor 40, a ROM (Read-Only Memory) 42, an NVM (Non Volatile Memory) 44, a RAM (Random-Access Memory) 46, and an input / output unit (I / O) 48. These functional units such as the processor 40 are connected by a bus 50.

  The processor 40 executes an OS (Operating System) in the ROM 42, executes a firmware program and an application program, and performs information processing and control including the above-described functions. The ROM 42 is an example of a program storage unit, and is configured by a storage medium such as a semiconductor storage element, for example. The ROM 42 stores an OS, a firmware program, and an application program. Various data is possible in the NVM 44, and a database is constructed. The NVM 44 is composed of a nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory). The NVM 44 stores various control information such as setting information, and the control information includes protection condition information for realizing the protection function described above. This protection condition information includes, for example, a grid connection protection function (detection condition) data table, an isolated operation detection (passive method) condition data table, an isolated operation detection (active method) condition data table, and the like. The RAM 46 forms a work area for information processing. The I / O 48 is used for setting information input and control output extraction.

<Effect of the first embodiment>

  In the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) The voltage sensor 16 detects a power failure of the system power supply 5 and generates a sensor output indicating the power failure detection. With this sensor output, the switch 6 and the switch 18 are opened, and the system power supply 5 is disconnected. At this time, the special power load 8-2 is separated from the power distribution systems 4-1, 4-2. At the same time, the distributed power supply 10 shifts to a self-sustained operation and supplies power only to the general power load 8-1 among the power loads 8. As a result, only the general power load 8-1 that does not instantaneously consume a large current is fed, and the special power load 8-2 that momentarily consumes a large current is removed. Thus, the FC system 14 can avoid the power generation stop due to the detection of the single operation, the power generation by the FC system 14 of the distributed power supply 10 can be continued, and the generated power of the distributed power supply 10 can be effectively used.

  (2) At the time of grid connection, the power consumption of the general power load 8-1 can be covered by the grid power of the grid power supply 5 and the output power of the distributed power supply 10 including the power storage system 12 and the FC system 14.

  (3) When the distributed power source 10 is operated independently even when the system power source 5 is out of power or the system power source 5 is supplying power, an instantaneous large current is not supplied from the distributed power source 10 and the FC system Thus, effective use of the electric power of the distributed power supply 10 such as the FC system 14 can be achieved while avoiding inconvenience such as operation stoppage due to the detection of the 14 independent operation.

[Second Embodiment]

<System configuration>

  FIG. 7 shows a power supply system according to the second embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 7 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. In FIG. 7, the same parts as those in FIG.

  In the second embodiment, in place of the special power load 8-2 of the first embodiment, a power load 8-3 (hereinafter simply referred to as “power load 8-3”) capable of limiting functions is installed. ing. This power load 8-3 is an example of a second power load. The power load 8-3 can be operated with its function restricted with respect to the normal function in order to reduce power consumption. The electric power load 8-3 is, for example, an air conditioner, an electric toilet seat, an electric washing machine, an electric refrigerator, an electric vacuum cleaner, an IH cooking heater, etc., like the special electric power load 8-2 described above. This power load 8-3 is connected to a power distribution system 4-2 branched from the power distribution system 4-1, and in this embodiment, the power load 8-3 is a load whose function can be restricted. 3 is not required to be disconnected from the power distribution system 4-2, and the above-described switch 6 (FIG. 1) is not connected.

  In the power load 8-3, the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 is input to the power load 8-3 in order to limit the function at the time of a power failure of the system power supply 5. In this case, the sensor output is an example of a power failure detection output.

<Operation during grid connection>

  In the power feeding system 2, as shown in FIG. 8, the system power Ps from the system power source 5 is fed from the power distribution system 4-1 to the general power load 8-1 and branched from the power distribution system 4-1. -2 is fed to the power load 8-3.

At this time, the power storage system 12 is charged or discharged. In the case of discharge, the power Pb from the power storage system 12 is output to the distribution systems 4-1 and 4-2, and the general power load 8-1 and the power load 8-3 are output. To be supplied. The FC system 14 is supplied with power from the system power supply 5 and generates power, and the generated power Pg is output to the distribution systems 4-1 and 4-2 and supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the power load 8-3. If the power Pw11 supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the power supplied to the power load 8-3 are Pw21, the supplied power Pw11 and Pw21 are
Pw11 + Pw21≈Ps + Pb + Pg (3)
It becomes. Since the system power supply 5 is connected, the function of the power load 8-3 is not limited. That is, the power load 8-3 performs a function without function restriction.

<Operation at power failure of system power supply 5>

  As shown in FIG. 9, the voltage sensor 16 detects a power failure of the system power supply 5, and the switch 18 is opened. As a result, the power storage system 12 outputs the power Pb to the distribution systems 4-1 and 4-2 and is supplied to the general power load 8-1, the FC system 14, and the power load 8-3.

The FC system 14 is supplied with power from the power storage system 12 to generate power, and outputs the generated power Pg to the distribution systems 4-1 and 4-2. In this case, if the power supplied to the general power load 8-1 is Pw12 and the power supplied to the power load 8-3 side is Pw22,
Pw12 + Pw22≈Pb + Pg (4)
It becomes. At the time of a power failure of the system power supply 5, the function of the power load 8-3 is limited, and the power consumption on the power load 8-3 side is suppressed. That is, the power consumption of the power load 8-3 whose function is limited has a relationship of Pw22 <Pw21.

  Therefore, at the time of this power failure, it is possible to avoid current concentration on the distributed power source 10 by the power load 8-3 that instantaneously generates a large current during grid connection.

<Operation when system power supply 5 is restored>

  When the voltage sensor 16 detects the power recovery of the system power supply 5, as shown in FIG. 8, the switch 18 is closed, the system power supply 5 is disconnected, and the system connection operation is started.

  Thereby, the system power Ps is supplied from the system power supply 5 to the distribution systems 4-1 and 4-2 and supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the power load 8-3. As a result, the aforementioned power (Pw11 + Pw21≈Ps + Pb + Pg) is supplied to the general power load 8-1 and the power load 8-3. In this case, since the system power supply 5 is connected, the function of the power load 8-3 is not limited.

<Configuration of power load 8-3>

  FIG. 10 shows an example of the power load 8-3. As an example, the power load 8-3 is the same power load as the special power load 8-2 described above, such as an air conditioner 8-31, an electric toilet seat 8-32, an electric washing machine 8-33, an electric refrigerator 8-34, An electric vacuum cleaner 8-35, an IH cooking heater 8-36, and the like are included. The air conditioner 8-31 has a function control unit 36-1, the electric toilet seat 8-32 has a function control unit 36-2, the electric washing machine 8-33 has a function control unit 36-3, and the electric refrigerator 8-34 has a function. The control unit 36-4 and the electric vacuum cleaner 8-35 are provided with a function control unit 36-5, and the IH cooking heater 8-36 is provided with a function control unit 36-6. The sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 is added to each function control part 36-1, 36-2 ... 36-6 as control information. That is, each function control part 36-1, 36-2 ... 36-6 performs a function restriction | limiting by the sensor output at the time of a power failure.

  According to such a configuration, each function control unit 36-1, 36-2,... 36-6 realizes a normal function by the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 when the system power supply 5 is connected. On the other hand, at the time of a power failure of the system power supply 5, the functions are limited by the function control units 36-1, 36-2 to 36-6 by the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16.

<Functions and Hardware of Function Control Units 36-1 to 36-6>

  FIG. 11A shows the functions of the function control units 36-1 to 36-6. The function control units 36-1 to 36-6 include a state determination function 52 and a function switching function 54. The state determination function 52 determines, based on the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16, whether the system power supply 5 is in an interconnected state or a power failure state. This determination result is notified to the function switching function 54.

  The function switching function 54 receives the determination result of the state determination function 52, performs a normal function when the system power supply 5 is connected, and performs function restriction (or function stop) when the system power supply 5 is interrupted. That is, the function stop is included in the function restriction as one aspect of the function restriction.

  B of FIG. 11 illustrates an example of hardware of the function control units 36-1 to 36-6. Each function control unit 36-1 to 36-6 is configured by a computer. Each function control unit 36-1 to 36-6 includes, for example, a processor 56, ROM 58, NVM 60, RAM 62, and I / O 64. With such a configuration, the control functions including the state determination function 52 and the function switching function 54 described above are realized.

  The processor 56 executes an OS and a program stored in the ROM 58. The ROM 58 stores programs for realizing the OS, the state determination function 52 and the function switching function 54. The NVM 60 stores normal function information and function restriction information (FIG. 12). The RAM 62 constitutes a work area for information processing. The I / O 64 receives the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 and sends out a normal function output during normal operation and a function limited output during a power failure. Normal function output or function limited output realizes functions such as air conditioner 8-31, electric toilet seat 8-32, electric washing machine 8-33, electric refrigerator 8-34, electric vacuum cleaner 8-35, IH cooking heater 8-36 Input to the drive unit.

<Function restriction information of power load 8-3>

  FIG. 12A shows a function data table indicating functions realized before and after the function restriction of the air conditioner 8-31. In the air conditioner 8-31, as a normal function (before function restriction), “strong” and “medium” operation functions for cooling, “strong” and “medium” operation functions for heating, dehumidification function, automatic cleaning function Including sterilization function. In contrast to these normal functions, after function restriction, cooling and heating are switched to “weak” operation functions, and the dehumidification function, automatic cleaning function, and sterilization function are stopped. In cooling and heating, air volume and temperature are limited. The automatic cleaning function limits the cleaning of the filter and the like, and the sterilization function limits the generation of ions.

  FIG. 12B shows a function data table realized before and after the function restriction of the electric toilet seat 8-32. In the electric toilet seat 8-32, as a normal function (before function restriction), the heating toilet seat function is “strong” and “medium” operation function, the instantaneous heating toilet seat function, the standby heating toilet seat function, and the butt washing function is “strong”. The “medium” operation function and the bidet cleaning function include “strong” and “medium” operation functions, a hot air drying function, a nozzle cleaning function, and a deodorizing function. Compared to these normal functions, after the function restriction, the heating toilet seat function is switched to the “weak” operation function, the instantaneous heating toilet seat function and the standby heating toilet seat function are stopped, and the buttocks washing function and the bidet washing function are “weak”. The hot air drying function, nozzle cleaning function and deodorizing function are stopped. In addition, the buttocks cleaning function and the bidet cleaning function limit the amount of water and the temperature.

  FIG. 12C shows a function data table realized before and after the function restriction of the electric washing machine 8-33. In the electric washing machine 8-33, a normal function (before function restriction) includes a cleaning function, a dehydrating function, and a drying function. For these normal functions, after the function restriction, the cleaning function, dehydration function and drying function are stopped.

  FIG. 12D shows a function data table realized before and after the function restriction of the electric refrigerator 8-34. In this electric refrigerator 8-34, as a normal function (before function restriction), “high” and “medium” and a defrosting function are included in the internal set temperature function. For these normal functions, after the function restriction, the internal temperature setting function is switched to “weak” and the defrosting function is stopped.

  E of FIG. 12 has shown the function data table implement | achieved before function restriction | limiting of the vacuum cleaner 8-35, and after function restriction | limiting. The vacuum cleaner 8-35 includes a suction function as a normal function (before function restriction). For this normal function, the suction function is stopped after the function restriction.

  F of FIG. 12 shows a function data table realized before and after the function restriction of the IH cooking heater 8-36. In this IH cooking heater 8-36, “strong” and “medium” are included in the temperature setting function as normal functions (before function restriction). In contrast to this normal function, the temperature setting function is switched to “weak” after the function restriction.

<Effects of Second Embodiment>

  In the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) According to this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, when the system power supply 5 is connected to the grid, the general power load 8-1 and the power load 8- 3 can be powered. At the time of grid connection, the power consumption of the power load 8 can be covered by the power of the grid power supply 5, the power storage system 12 and the FC system 14. Thereby, normal functions are obtained in the general power load 8-1 and the power load 8-3.

  (2) When the voltage sensor 16 detects a power failure of the system power supply 5, the system power supply 5 is disconnected and the function of the operating power load 8-3 is limited by the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16. If it is not in operation, no functional limitation will be necessary. Thereby, the power consumption on the power load 8-3 side is reduced. The power load 8-3 can be used while suppressing an instantaneous large current, and the FC system 14 can continue to generate power while avoiding the detection of isolated operation, so that the generated power of the FC system 14 can be used effectively. Can do. In addition, the power load 8-3 can be used by supplying power from the distributed power supply 10 while suppressing instantaneous large current consumption, and a highly convenient system can be constructed.

[Third Embodiment]

<System configuration>

  FIG. 13 shows a power feeding system according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 13, the same parts as those in FIG.

  In the power supply system 2 of this embodiment, an external control unit 70 is provided. The external control unit 70 is connected to each function control unit 36-1 to 36-6. The sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 is applied to the external control unit 70, and the function control units 36-1 to 36-6 are switched from the external control unit 70 to a normal function or function restriction.

  The external control unit 70 includes a state determination function 52 and a function switching function 54 similar to the function control units 36-1 to 36-6 described above, and these functions are the hardware shown in FIG. It is realized with the same hardware.

  FIG. 14 shows a function switching data table 72 set in the storage means of the external control unit 70. The storage means for storing the function switching data table 72 may be the storage element such as the NVM described above.

  The function switching data table 72 before the function restriction, after the function restriction, and after the additional function restriction are as described with reference to FIG.

<Processing procedure>

  FIG. 15 shows a processing procedure for function switching control. In this processing procedure, state monitoring (S101) is executed, and it is determined whether the operation is connected (S102). If it is an interconnected operation (YES in S102), the normal function is executed (S103).

  If not connected operation (NO in S102), operation switching monitoring (S104) is executed. It is determined whether the distributed power supply 10 is operating independently (S105). If the distributed power supply 10 is not operating independently (NO in S105), state monitoring (S101) is continued.

  If it is a self-sustained operation of the distributed power supply 10 (YES in S105), function restriction is executed (S106), and the process proceeds to state monitoring (S107).

  It is determined whether the autonomous operation of the distributed power supply 10 is canceled (S108). If the autonomous operation of the distributed power supply 10 is not canceled (NO in S108), the function restriction is continued (S106). If the self-sustained operation of the distributed power supply 10 is canceled (YES in S108), the operation shifts to the grid operation (S109), the function restriction of the power load 8-3 is canceled (S110), and the state monitoring (S101) is returned.

<Effect of the third embodiment>

  (1) As described above, in the independent operation control, control information is generated during the independent operation of the distributed power supply 10 separated from the system power supply 5. At the time of self-sustained operation, functional restriction is performed on the power load 8-3 that is being fed in the distribution system 4-2. Thereby, the power consumption of the power load 8-3 can be reduced, and the power consumption with respect to the distributed power supply 10 can be suppressed.

  (2) According to the third embodiment, as in the first or second embodiment, the continuity of power generation of the FC system 14 is enhanced, and the generated power for the power load 8 is effectively used. Can do.

[Other Embodiments]

  (1) As shown in FIG. 16, the power supply system 2 may include a switch 66 on the front side of the voltage sensor 16 to forcibly disconnect the system power supply 5. In this case, the switch 66 can be controlled by the external control unit 70, and the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 is input to the external control unit 70. The external control unit 70 may include an input operation unit 74. The user inputs from the input operation unit 74 to open the switch 66 and opens the switch 66 through the external control unit 70. Thereby, the power feeding system 2 can perform the same operation as the power failure of the system power supply 5 described above by disconnecting the system power supply 5. In this case, the sensor output of the voltage sensor 16 is the same as that of a power failure because the switch 66 is opened. If the switch 66 is closed, it is possible to shift to a grid-connected operation by supplying power from the system power supply 5.

  At the time of grid connection, the power load 8-3 whose function can be restricted realizes the normal function, and when the switch 66 is opened, the function restriction in the independent operation of the distributed power supply 10 is performed as in the case of the power failure described above. Do. Thereby, the power consumption by the side of the power load 8-3 is suppressed, the autonomous operation of the distributed power source 10 is continued, and the operation time can be extended.

  (2) In the third embodiment, the control unit 28 and the external control unit 70 are used together. However, the control function of the external control unit 70 may be realized by the control unit 28. May be realized by the external control unit 70.

  (3) In the above embodiment, the FC system 14 is exemplified as the stationary power generation device, but a solar power generation system or an engine power generation system may be used.

  (4) In the above embodiment, the special power load 8-2 and the power load 8-3 whose function can be limited have been illustrated, but this does not mean that the model in the example has a large power load. . It is an example of a target for reducing the load on the distributed power supply 10 and is a load that can be function-restricted as long as the power consumption can be reduced by attaching the function restriction, and is limited to the power load described above is not.

As described above, the most preferable embodiment of the present invention has been described. The present invention is not limited to the above description. Various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art based on the gist of the invention described in the claims or disclosed in the embodiments for carrying out the invention. It goes without saying that such modifications and changes are included in the scope of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a power supply system, a power supply control program, and a power supply control method. When a power failure occurs in a system power supply, by stopping the power supply of a special power load or by restricting the function of a power load that continues power supply, the FC system or the like In addition, it is possible to avoid the stop of power generation due to the independent operation detection of the stationary power generation device, to realize the continuous power generation, and to continuously and effectively use the generated power.

2 Power supply system 4-1, 4-2 Distribution system 5 System power supply 6 Switch 8 Power load 8-1 General power load 8-2 Special power load 8-3 Power load capable of limiting functions 10 Distributed power supply 12 Power storage system 14 FC System 16 Voltage sensor 18 Switch 20 Inverter (INV)
22 Storage Battery 24 Power Stack 26 Inverter (INV)
27 Current Sensor 28 Control Unit 30 State Judgment Function 32 Power Generation Output Monitoring Function 34 Protection Control Function 8-21, 8-31 Air Conditioner 8-22, 8-32 Electric Toilet Seat 8-23, 8-33 Electric Washing Machine 8-24, 8-34 Electric refrigerator 8-25, 8-35 Vacuum cleaner 8-26, 8-36 IH cooking heater 36-1, 36-2 ... 36-6 Function control unit 40 Processor 42 ROM
44 NVM
46 RAM
48 I / O section (I / O)
50 Bus 52 State determination function 54 Function switching function 56 Processor 58 ROM
60 NVM
62 RAM
64 I / O
66 Switch 70 External control unit 72 Function switching data table 74 Input operation unit

Claims (6)

A first power distribution system;
A second power distribution system branched to the first power distribution system via an opening / closing means;
A distributed power source connected to the first power distribution system and including at least one of power storage means or power generation means;
The power supply to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system, the power supply to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system, the power supply of the system power supply or the independent operation of the distributed power supply The power supply system is characterized in that the power supply to the second power distribution system is stopped by opening the opening / closing means and power is supplied to the first power distribution system from the distributed power source. A first power distribution system;
A second power distribution system branched from the first power distribution system and connected to a power load having a function limiting function;
A distributed power source connected to the first power distribution system and including at least one of power storage means or power generation means;
And supplying the system power supply to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system at the time of power supply to the system power supply. A power supply system that restricts the function of the power load connected to the power distribution system, powers the distributed power supply to the first power distribution system, and powers the second power distribution system.   The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein when the system power supply is restored, the function restriction of the power load is released and the system power supply is supplied to the second power distribution system. A power supply control program to be executed by a computer mounted on a power supply system including a distributed power source including at least one of power storage means or power generation means,
Generate control information at the time of power failure of the system power supply or when the distributed power supply separated from the system power supply is operated independently,
The function of the power load is restricted by the function restriction function.
A power supply control program for causing the computer to execute processing for supplying power to the distributed power supply to the power load whose function is limited. Branching the second power distribution system from the first power distribution system via the switching means;
Connecting a distributed power source including at least either power storage means or power generation means to the first power distribution system;
When supplying power to the system power supply, the switching means is closed, and the system power supply is supplied to the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system,
At the time of a power failure of the system power supply or when the distributed power supply is operated independently, the power supply to the second power distribution system is stopped by opening the opening / closing means, and power is supplied to the first power distribution system from the distributed power supply. A characteristic power supply control method. Branching the second distribution system from the first distribution system,
Connecting a power load having a function limiting function to the second distribution system;
Connecting a distributed power source including at least either power storage means or power generation means to the first power distribution system;
When supplying power to the system power supply, the system power supply is supplied to the first distribution system and the second distribution system,
At the time of a power failure of the system power supply or when the distributed power supply is operating independently, the second power distribution is performed by supplying power from the distributed power supply to the first power distribution system and limiting the function of the power load by the function limiting function. A power supply control method characterized by supplying power to a system.

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