JP2014158419A - Control device of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control device of an electric vehicle which can suppress an abnormal rise of the number of revolutions of an electric motor.SOLUTION: A control device 1 of an electric vehicle for controlling a VVVF inverter 11 and driving an electric motor 2 stops the VVVF inverter 11 by using a maximum speed excess detector 13 when a rotation speed F detected by a motor rotation speed detector 5 of the electric motor 2 exceeds a maximum speed set value FMAX.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric vehicle control device that controls an electric vehicle.

  Generally, an electric vehicle control device that drives an induction motor or a synchronous motor to control an electric vehicle is known. In such an electric vehicle control device, the output torque of the electric motor is often controlled (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-300713 A

  However, an electric vehicle control apparatus that controls the operation of an electric vehicle by controlling the output torque of the electric motor can control the electric motor regardless of the rotation speed of the electric motor.

  For this reason, for example, when the load on the motor becomes extremely light due to, for example, idling of a wheel or breakage of a gear during acceleration driving during power running, the rotational speed of the motor may increase abnormally. As a result, when the rotational speed of the electric motor exceeds the prescribed maximum rotational speed, mechanical damage such as a bearing of the electric motor is caused. This is because the electric vehicle control device outputs torque in accordance with the torque command regardless of the rotation speed of the electric motor.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle control apparatus that can suppress an abnormal increase in the rotational speed of an electric motor.

  An electric vehicle control device according to an aspect of the present invention is an electric vehicle control device including an inverter that outputs AC power for driving an electric motor, and a control unit that controls the inverter. A first torque pattern obtained by acquiring the rotation speed of the electric motor and determined according to the operation command, and a second torque command value set to zero when the rotation speed of the electric motor rises to a predetermined speed. A torque command value indicating a small value is obtained from the first torque pattern or the second torque pattern based on the obtained torque speed and the obtained rotation speed, and the inverter is controlled using the obtained torque command value. It generates a gate command to do this.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the electric vehicle control apparatus which can suppress the abnormal raise of the rotation speed of an electric motor can be provided.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the electric vehicle which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the electric vehicle which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the electric vehicle which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the correlation with the motor torque command limit value and rotation speed which show the calculation method by the motor torque command limit value calculating part which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the electric vehicle which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the electric vehicle which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an electric vehicle 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part in subsequent figures, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, and a different part is mainly described. In the following embodiments, the same description is omitted.

  The electric vehicle 10 includes an electric vehicle control device 1, an electric motor 2, a current collector 3, a wheel 4, a motor rotation speed detector 5, a high speed circuit breaker HB, contactors L 1 and L 2, and charging resistance. And a filter reactor FL.

  The electric vehicle 10 is an electric railway vehicle that travels by receiving DC power supplied from a DC overhead line.

  The electric motor 2 is a power source for the electric vehicle 10 to travel.

  The current collector 3 is provided so as to be in electrical contact with the DC overhead wire. The current collector 3 supplies DC power to the electric vehicle control device 1 through the high-speed circuit breaker HB, the contactor L2, the contactor L1, and the filter reactor FL in this order. The current collector 3 is, for example, a pantograph.

  The electric vehicle control device 1 receives the DC power supplied from the current collector 3 and drives and controls the electric motor 2.

  The motor rotation speed detector 5 detects a signal DF for measuring the rotation speed of the electric motor 2. The motor rotation speed detector 5 outputs the detected signal DF to the electric vehicle control device 1.

  The high-speed circuit breaker HB is a circuit breaker that detects an abnormal direct current at a high speed and interrupts a fault current.

  The contactors L1 and L2 cut or connect an electrical path connecting the current collector 3 and the electric vehicle control device 1.

  The charging resistor CR is provided so as to short-circuit both ends of the circuit breaker L1. The charging resistor CR is provided in order to prevent an excessive current from flowing into the filter capacitor FC suddenly when the circuit breaker L2 is turned on.

  The filter reactor FL constitutes a filter circuit together with the filter capacitor FC of the electric vehicle control device 1.

  The wheel 4 is connected to a negative terminal on the DC power side of a VVVF (Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) inverter 11 of the electric vehicle control device 1. The wheel 4 is in electrical contact with the rail.

  The electric vehicle control device 1 includes a filter capacitor FC, a VVVF inverter 11, a motor rotation speed calculation unit 12, and a maximum speed excess detector 13. In addition, although the electric vehicle control apparatus 1 is provided with the structure used for control of the electric motor 2 besides these, it omits for convenience of explanation.

  The filter capacitor FC is provided between the positive terminal and the negative terminal on the DC power side of the VVVF inverter 11.

  The VVVF inverter 11 converts DC power supplied from the DC overhead line via the current collector 3 into AC power. The VVVF inverter 11 drives the electric motor 2 by outputting AC power to the electric motor 2.

  The motor rotation speed calculation unit 12 calculates the rotation speed F of the electric motor 2 based on the signal DF received from the motor rotation speed detector 5. The motor rotation speed calculation unit 12 outputs the calculated rotation speed F to the maximum speed excess detector 13.

  In the maximum speed excess detector 13, a maximum speed set value FMAX is set in advance. The maximum speed excess detector 13 determines whether or not the rotational speed F input from the motor rotational speed calculation unit 12 exceeds the maximum speed set value FMAX. When it is determined that the rotational speed F exceeds the maximum speed set value FMAX, the maximum speed excess detector 13 outputs a signal ST for stopping the VVVF inverter 11 to the VVVF inverter 11.

  The maximum speed set value FMAX is set between the maximum speed prescribed value of the electric motor 2 and the maximum motor rotation speed determined from the maximum speed of the electric vehicle 10. In many cases, the maximum speed specification value of the electric motor 2 is the maximum rotation speed specified in the motor unit test.

  According to the present embodiment, when the rotation speed F of the electric motor 2 exceeds the maximum speed setting value FMAX by the maximum speed excess detector 13, the VVVF inverter 11 stops. Thereby, the further raise of the rotational speed F of the electric motor 2 can be prevented.

  Further, by setting the maximum speed setting value FMAX between the maximum speed prescribed value of the electric motor 2 and the maximum motor speed determined from the maximum speed of the electric vehicle 10, the maximum speed of the electric vehicle 10 is not affected, and The rotational speed F of the electric motor 2 can be suppressed as long as the electric motor 2 is not damaged.

  Thereby, the electric vehicle 10 can suppress the rotational speed F of the electric motor 2 even when the load of the electric motor 2 becomes extremely light due to the idling of the wheels 4 or the gear damage. Therefore, the electric vehicle 10 can prevent a failure due to an abnormal increase in the rotational speed F of the electric motor 2.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an electric vehicle 10A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  An electric vehicle 10 </ b> A is the same as the electric vehicle 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, except that the motor rotation speed detector 5 is removed and an electric vehicle control device 1 </ b> A is provided instead of the electric vehicle control device 1. The electric vehicle control device 1 </ b> A includes a current detector CT in the electric vehicle control device 1, and a motor rotation speed estimation unit 14 instead of the motor rotation speed calculation unit 12. Other points are the same as those of the electric vehicle 10.

  The electric vehicle 10A has a configuration to which a speed sensorless control system that does not have the motor rotation speed detector 5 is applied.

  The current detector CT detects the motor current DI output from the VVVF inverter 11. The current detector CT outputs the detected motor current DI to the electric vehicle control device 1A.

  The electric vehicle control device 1A receives the motor current DI input from the current detector CT as a signal by the motor rotation speed estimation unit 14.

  The motor rotation speed estimation unit 14 estimates the rotation speed F of the electric motor 2 based on the motor current DI input from the current detector CT. The motor rotation speed estimation unit 14 outputs the estimated rotation speed F to the maximum speed excess detector 13.

  Similarly to the second embodiment, the maximum speed excess detector 13 outputs a signal ST for stopping the VVVF inverter 11 to the VVVF inverter 11 when determining that the rotational speed F exceeds the maximum speed set value FMAX. .

  According to the present embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained with the configuration of the speed sensorless control system that does not have the motor rotation speed detector 5.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an electric vehicle 10B according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  The electric vehicle 10B is provided with an electric vehicle control device 1B instead of the electric vehicle control device 1 in the electric vehicle 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. The electric vehicle control device 1 </ b> B has a configuration in which a motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 and a motor torque command calculation unit 17 are added to the electric vehicle control device 1. Other points are the same as those of the electric vehicle 10.

  The electric vehicle 10B shown in FIG. 3 includes a motor torque pattern calculation unit 16, an electric motor vector control unit 18, and a gate command unit 19. These configurations are omitted in the electric vehicle 10 shown in FIG. 1 for convenience of explanation, and are also provided in the electric vehicle 10.

  The motor rotation speed calculation unit 12 outputs the calculated rotation speed F to the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15.

  The motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 calculates a motor torque command limit value LT based on the rotation speed F input from the motor rotation speed calculation unit 12. The motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 outputs the calculated motor torque command limit value LT to the motor torque command calculation unit 17.

  FIG. 4 is a graph showing the correlation between the motor torque command limit value LT and the rotational speed F, showing the calculation method by the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 sets the motor torque command limit value LT as the limit value L1 until the rotation speed F reaches a predetermined rotation speed F1. When the rotational speed F exceeds the predetermined rotational speed F1, the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 sets the motor torque command limit value LT to zero as it approaches the maximum speed set value FMAX. When the rotational speed F exceeds the maximum speed setting value FMAX, the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 sets the motor torque command limit value LT to zero.

  The motor torque pattern calculation unit 16 calculates a torque pattern TP for determining the torque command based on the driving command DS for controlling the driving of the electric vehicle 10B. The motor torque pattern calculation unit 16 outputs the calculated torque pattern TP to the motor torque command calculation unit 17.

  The torque pattern TP calculated by the motor torque pattern calculation unit 16 and the motor torque command limit value LT calculated by the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15 are input to the motor torque command calculation unit 17. The motor torque command calculation unit 17 limits the torque command TS determined by the motor torque pattern TP by the motor torque command limit value LT. The motor torque command calculation unit 17 outputs the limited torque command TS to the electric motor vector control unit 18. Specifically, the motor torque command calculation unit 17 compares the torque command TS determined by the motor torque pattern TP with the motor torque command limit value LT, and outputs the smaller one to the electric motor vector control unit 18.

  The electric motor vector control unit 18 performs a vector control calculation based on the torque command TS input from the motor torque command calculation unit 17. The electric motor vector control unit 18 outputs the voltage command value VS obtained by the vector control calculation to the gate command unit 19.

  The gate command unit 19 generates a gate command GS based on the voltage command value VS calculated by the electric motor vector control unit 18. The gate command unit 19 performs gate control of the VVVF inverter 11 by outputting the generated gate command GS to the VVVF inverter 11.

  According to this embodiment, when the rotational speed F of the electric motor 2 exceeds the predetermined rotational speed F1 by limiting the torque command TS with the motor torque command limit value LT by the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15, the torque command When TS is gradually limited and further exceeds the maximum speed set value FMAX, the rotation of the electric motor 2 is prevented from being accelerated, so that the rotation speed F of the electric motor 2 can be prevented from further increasing. Thereby, the effect similar to 1st Embodiment can be acquired.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric vehicle 10C according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  The electric vehicle 10C is the electric vehicle control device 1C in the electric vehicle 10B according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3 by adding a maximum speed excess detector 13C to the electric vehicle control device 1B. Other points are the same as those of the electric vehicle 10B.

  The maximum speed excess detector 13C basically has the same configuration as the maximum speed excess detector 13 according to the first embodiment.

  A maximum speed set value FMAX2 is set in advance in the maximum speed excess detector 13C. The maximum speed setting value FMAX2 is the same as or larger than the maximum speed setting value FMAX set in the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15. The method for obtaining the maximum speed setting value FMAX2 is the same as that for the maximum speed setting value FMAX.

  The maximum speed excess detector 13 </ b> C receives the rotation speed F from the motor rotation speed calculation unit 12. The maximum speed excess detector 13C determines whether or not the rotation speed F input from the motor rotation speed calculation unit 12 exceeds the maximum speed setting value FMAX2. When the maximum speed excess detector 13C determines that the rotational speed F exceeds the maximum speed setting value FMAX2, the maximum speed detector 13C outputs a signal for stopping the VVVF inverter 11 to the gate command unit 19.

  When receiving a signal for stopping the VVVF inverter 11 from the maximum speed excess detector 13C, the gate command unit 19 stops the VVVF inverter 11 according to the gate command GS.

  According to the present embodiment, in addition to the functions and effects of the third embodiment, the following functions and effects can be obtained.

  The electric vehicle 10 </ b> C has a configuration in which the VVVF inverter 11 is stopped by the maximum speed excess detector 13 </ b> C in addition to the limitation of the motor torque command TS by the motor torque command limit value calculation unit 15. Thus, the electric vehicle 10C can more reliably suppress an abnormal increase in the rotational speed of the electric motor 2 than the electric vehicle 10 according to the third embodiment.

  Further, the electric vehicle 10C has a configuration in which the VVVF inverter 11 is stopped when the rotation speed F of the electric motor 2 suddenly exceeds the maximum speed setting value FMAX2 larger than the maximum speed setting value FMAX. By providing separately from the part 15, the abnormal raise of the rotation speed of the electric motor 2 can be suppressed earlier.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an electric vehicle 10D according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  The electric vehicle 10D has a configuration in which a maximum speed excess detector 13D is provided instead of the maximum speed excess detector 13C in the electric vehicle 10C according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. Other points are the same as those of the electric vehicle 1C.

  The maximum speed excess detector 13D basically has the same configuration as the maximum speed excess detector 13C according to the third embodiment.

  The maximum speed excess detector 13D has a maximum speed set value FMAX2 set in advance in the same manner as the maximum speed excess detector 13C according to the third embodiment.

  The maximum speed excess detector 13 </ b> D receives the rotational speed F from the motor rotational speed calculation unit 12. The maximum speed excess detector 13D determines whether or not the rotational speed F input from the motor rotational speed calculation unit 12 exceeds the maximum speed set value FMAX2. When it is determined that the rotational speed F exceeds the maximum speed set value FMAX2, the maximum speed excess detector 13D outputs a command to open to the high speed circuit breaker HB.

  According to the present embodiment, by providing the maximum speed excess detector 13D instead of the maximum speed excess detector 13C, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the fourth embodiment.

  In addition, in 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, when it exceeded the maximum speed regulation value, it was set as the structure which stops the VVVF inverter 11, However, It is not restricted to this. For example, instead of stopping the VVVF inverter 11, the gate of the VVVF inverter 11 may be turned off or the slip frequency of the electric motor 2 may be set to zero. Moreover, as long as the rotational speed of the electric motor 2 is suppressed, configurations other than these configurations may be used.

  In 5th Embodiment, although it was set as the structure which open | releases the high-speed circuit breaker HB, it is not restricted to this. If the supply of DC power to the inverter is cut off, another switch may be used, and a configuration for this purpose may be newly provided.

  In the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the motor rotational speed detector 5 is used. However, a speed sensorless control system such as the electric vehicle 10A according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is applied. However, it can be configured similarly.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Moreover, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electric vehicle control apparatus, 2 ... Electric motor, 3 ... Current collector, 4 ... Wheel, 5 ... Motor rotational speed detector, 10 ... Electric car, 11 ... VVVF inverter, 12 ... Motor rotational speed calculating part, 13 ... Maximum Overspeed detector, CR: charging resistor, FC: filter capacitor, FL: filter reactor, HB: high speed circuit breaker, L1, L2: contactor.

An electric vehicle control device according to an aspect of the present invention is an electric vehicle control device including an inverter that outputs AC power for driving an electric motor, and a control unit that controls the inverter. A first torque pattern obtained by acquiring the rotation speed of the electric motor and determined according to the operation command, and a second torque command value set to zero when the rotation speed of the electric motor rises to a predetermined speed. torque patterns, and based on the rotation speed of the acquired, but asking you to torque command value indicating a smaller value from the first torque pattern and the second torque pattern.

Claims (3)

In an electric vehicle control device including an inverter that outputs AC power for driving an electric motor, and a control unit that controls the inverter,
The controller is
Obtaining the rotation speed of the motor;
A first torque pattern determined according to an operation command, a second torque pattern set so that a torque command value becomes zero when the rotational speed of the electric motor rises to a predetermined speed, and the acquired Based on the rotational speed, a torque command value indicating a small value is obtained from the first torque pattern or the second torque pattern,
An electric vehicle control apparatus that generates a gate command for controlling the inverter using the obtained torque command value.   2. The electric vehicle control device according to claim 1, wherein the second torque pattern is set so as to control the rotation speed of the electric motor so as not to exceed a predetermined speed. 3.   The second torque pattern according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second torque pattern includes a pattern that monotonously decreases when the rotation speed of the electric motor increases from a predetermined speed to the predetermined speed. Electric vehicle control device.

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