JP2014156858A - Hydraulic power generation device and installation method for the same - Google Patents

Hydraulic power generation device and installation method for the same Download PDF

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JP2014156858A
JP2014156858A JP2014005138A JP2014005138A JP2014156858A JP 2014156858 A JP2014156858 A JP 2014156858A JP 2014005138 A JP2014005138 A JP 2014005138A JP 2014005138 A JP2014005138 A JP 2014005138A JP 2014156858 A JP2014156858 A JP 2014156858A
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water
water tank
channel
turbine
inflow port
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Tokikazu Shibata
時和 柴田
Yasuo Kawabata
康夫 川端
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KAWABATA TEKKO KK
LENS CO Ltd
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KAWABATA TEKKO KK
LENS CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydraulic power generation device and an installation method for the same capable of easily installing the hydraulic power generation device in an existing channel.SOLUTION: A hydraulic power generation device 1 comprises: a water tank 11; a turbine 12; and a support member 15. The water tank 11 has: an inflow port 11a which allows water channeled from a waterway 2 to flow into the water tank 11 from an upper portion thereof; and an outflow port 11b which allows the water channeled into the inflow port 11a to flow out of the water tank 11 from a portion lower than the inflow port 11a. The turbine 12 rotates a generator with a swirl generated in the water tank 11 around an almost vertical rotational shaft arranged inside the water tank 11. The support member 15 supports at least the water tank 11 and the turbine 12 in the waterway 2.

Description

本発明は、鉛直方向に回転軸を有するタービンを備えた水力発電装置およびその設置方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus including a turbine having a rotating shaft in a vertical direction and a method for installing the same.

近年、化石燃料などを用いる枯渇性エネルギーに対して、再生可能エネルギーが注目されている。この再生可能エネルギーは、枯渇性エネルギーが環境に与える影響に関する課題を解決すべく、各地で設置および検討が進められている。   In recent years, renewable energy has attracted attention as a depleting energy that uses fossil fuels. This renewable energy is being installed and studied in various places to solve the problems related to the environmental impact of exhaustible energy.

再生可能エネルギーの１つに、水力発電がある。例えば、特許文献１には、小型水力発電装置に関する技術が開示されている。   One of the renewable energies is hydroelectric power generation. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to a small hydroelectric generator.

特許文献１に開示された技術は、水路に形成された水槽内に流入された水で渦を発生させ、この渦のエネルギーをタービンで取り出して発電するものである。   The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 generates vortices with water that has flowed into a water tank formed in a water channel, and generates energy by taking out the energy of the vortices with a turbine.

国際公開第２００８／１４１３４９号International Publication No. 2008/141349

特許文献１に開示された水力発電装置は、水路そのものの形状が、渦を発生させるための水槽として構築されたものである。このため、既存の水路に水力発電装置を設置するためには、多大な土木工事作業や建設費用を要してしまう。ゆえに、特許文献１の水力発電装置は、小型で発電効率に優れているにも係わらず、既存の水路に設置することが促進されにくいという課題があった。   In the hydroelectric generator disclosed in Patent Document 1, the shape of the water channel itself is constructed as a water tank for generating vortices. For this reason, in order to install a hydroelectric generator in an existing waterway, a large amount of civil engineering work and construction costs are required. Therefore, although the hydroelectric generator of patent document 1 was small and was excellent in power generation efficiency, there existed a subject that it was hard to be promoted to install in the existing water channel.

本発明はこのような事情を考慮してなされたもので、既存の水路に簡易に取り付けることができる水力発電装置およびその設置方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that can be easily attached to an existing water channel and a method for installing the hydroelectric power generation apparatus.

本発明に係る水力発電装置は、上述した課題を解決するために、水路から導かれた水を上方から流入させる流入口と、前記流入口に導かれた水を前記流入口より下方から流出させる流出口とを備えた水槽と、前記水槽の内部に配置された、ほぼ鉛直方向の回転軸を中心に前記水槽内で発生した渦により発電機を回転させるタービンと、少なくとも前記水槽および前記タービンを前記水路に支持する支持部材と、を備えたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention allows an inlet from which water introduced from a water channel flows in from above, and causes the water introduced from the inlet to flow out from below from the inlet. A water tank provided with an outlet, a turbine disposed inside the water tank for rotating a generator by a vortex generated in the water tank around a substantially vertical rotation axis, and at least the water tank and the turbine. And a support member that supports the water channel.

また、本発明に係る水力発電装置の設置方法は、水路から導かれた水を上方から流入させる流入口と、前記流入口に導かれた水を前記流入口より下方から流出させる流出口とを備えた水槽と、前記水槽の内部に配置された、ほぼ鉛直方向の回転軸を中心に前記水槽内で発生した渦により発電機を回転させるタービンと、を準備する工程と、少なくとも前記水槽および前記タービンを前記水路に支持する工程と、を備えることを特徴とする。   Further, the installation method of the hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention includes an inlet that allows water guided from a water channel to flow in from above, and an outlet that allows the water guided to the inlet to flow out from below from the inlet. Preparing a water tank provided therein and a turbine for rotating a generator by a vortex generated in the water tank around a substantially vertical rotation axis disposed inside the water tank, at least the water tank and the And a step of supporting a turbine in the water channel.

本発明に係る水力発電装置およびその設置方法においては、既存の水路に簡易に取り付けることができる。   In the hydroelectric power generation device and its installation method according to the present invention, it can be easily attached to an existing water channel.

本発明に係る水力発電装置の一実施形態を示す概略的な平面図。1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention. 本発明に係る水力発電装置の一実施形態を示す概略的な縦断面図。1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention.

本発明に係る水力発電装置およびその設置方法の一実施形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a hydroelectric power generation apparatus and a method for installing the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は、本発明に係る水力発電装置の一実施形態を示す概略的な平面図である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention.

図２は、本発明に係る水力発電装置の一実施形態を示す概略的な縦断面図である。   FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the hydroelectric generator according to the present invention.

水力発電装置１は、種々の水路２に設置される。水路２は、河川などの一定の水流を有するものであって、地形により形成されたものや、用水路、排水路、放水路などの人工的に造られた構造物である。水路２は、図２に示すように、上段２ａと下段２ｂとの間に所要の落差を有する。例えば、水路２は、０．５ｍ〜２．０ｍの落差を有することが好ましい。例えば、水路２には、農工業用排水路の勾配調整のために設けられた段差を利用することができる。   The hydroelectric generator 1 is installed in various water channels 2. The water channel 2 has a constant water flow such as a river, and is a structure formed by topography, or an artificially constructed structure such as a water channel, a drain channel, and a water channel. As shown in FIG. 2, the water channel 2 has a required drop between the upper stage 2a and the lower stage 2b. For example, the water channel 2 preferably has a head of 0.5 m to 2.0 m. For example, in the water channel 2, a step provided for adjusting the gradient of the agricultural and industrial drainage channel can be used.

水力発電装置１は、水槽１１と、タービン１２と、支持部材１５とを主に有する。   The hydroelectric generator 1 mainly includes a water tank 11, a turbine 12, and a support member 15.

水槽１１は、平面視（横断面の形状、内周の形状）がほぼ円形状を有する容器である。水槽１１は、上方が開放されてもよく、一部または全体が覆われていてもよい。水槽１１は、ほぼ正円形状や、トロコイド曲線形状（流入口１１ａから円周方向に沿って、次第に内径が小さくなる形状）であることが好ましい。水槽１１は、例えば、コルゲート鋼材、ＦＲＰ（Ｆｉｂｅｒ Ｒｅｉｎｆｏｒｃｅｄ Ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓ）、現場打ちコンクリート工法、ステンレスにより構成することができる。図２に例示するように、水槽１１は、流出口１１ｂに向けて径がすぼまったすり鉢状にすることにより、傾斜を利用して水槽１１内に流入した異物を水路２に排出しやすくするという利点もある。なお、水槽１１の製法や材料に応じて、水槽１１の底部をすり鉢状にしてもよいし、水平にしてもよい。   The aquarium 11 is a container having a substantially circular shape in plan view (the shape of the cross section, the shape of the inner periphery). The upper part of the water tank 11 may be opened, or a part or the whole of the water tank 11 may be covered. It is preferable that the water tank 11 has a substantially circular shape or a trochoidal curve shape (a shape in which the inner diameter gradually decreases along the circumferential direction from the inflow port 11a). The water tank 11 can be made of, for example, corrugated steel, FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics), on-site concrete method, and stainless steel. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the water tank 11 is formed in a mortar shape whose diameter is narrowed toward the outlet 11 b, so that foreign matter that has flowed into the water tank 11 using the inclination can be easily discharged to the water channel 2. There is also an advantage of doing. In addition, according to the manufacturing method and material of the water tank 11, the bottom part of the water tank 11 may be formed in a mortar shape or may be horizontal.

水槽１１は、図２に示すように、外形の底面１１ｄが水路２の下段２ｂの水面よりも上方に位置することが好ましい。これにより、水槽１１が水路２内（水槽１１の外側）の水流の水平方向の力を受けない構造となり、水路２や支持部材１５、水槽１１の構造強度を低減することができ、また水力発電装置１全体の信頼性・耐久性を向上させることができる。   As shown in FIG. 2, the water tank 11 preferably has an outer bottom surface 11 d positioned above the water surface of the lower stage 2 b of the water channel 2. Thereby, the water tank 11 becomes a structure which does not receive the force of the horizontal direction of the water flow in the water channel 2 (outside the water tank 11), the structural strength of the water channel 2, the support member 15, and the water tank 11 can be reduced, and hydroelectric power generation The reliability and durability of the entire apparatus 1 can be improved.

水槽１１は、図２に示すように、流入口１１ａと、流出口１１ｂと、オーバーフロー口１１ｃとを有する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the water tank 11 has an inflow port 11a, an outflow port 11b, and an overflow port 11c.

流入口１１ａは、水路２から導かれた水を水槽１１内に流入させるため、水槽１１の上方に設けられる。具体的には、流入口１１ａは、水槽１１において、水路２の上段２ａの水位とほぼ同一となる位置またはそれより低い位置に設けられる。流入口１１ａは、水槽１１内において、外周に沿った水流が発生する位置および形状で設けられるのが好ましい。   The inflow port 11 a is provided above the water tank 11 in order to allow the water guided from the water channel 2 to flow into the water tank 11. Specifically, the inflow port 11 a is provided in the water tank 11 at a position that is substantially the same as or lower than the water level of the upper stage 2 a of the water channel 2. The inflow port 11a is preferably provided in the water tank 11 at a position and shape where a water flow along the outer periphery is generated.

流出口１１ｂは、流入口１１ａに導かれた水を流入口１１ａより下方、すなわち水槽１１の底部から水路２の下段２ｂに流出させる。具体的には、流出口１１ｂは、タービン１２のシャフト１３（回転軸）の下方（直下）に設けられる。また、流出口１１ｂに排水管を設け、流出口１１ｂから離れた箇所から水路２に水を戻してもよい。   The outflow port 11b allows the water guided to the inflow port 11a to flow downward from the inflow port 11a, that is, from the bottom of the water tank 11 to the lower stage 2b of the water channel 2. Specifically, the outlet 11b is provided below (directly below) the shaft 13 (rotating shaft) of the turbine 12. Moreover, a drain pipe may be provided in the outflow port 11b, and water may be returned to the water channel 2 from a location away from the outflow port 11b.

オーバーフロー口１１ｃは、水槽１１に流入した水または水以外の異物を水路２にオーバーフローさせる。水以外の異物は、水流内の浮遊ごみや、魚などの生物である。オーバーフロー口１１ｃは、水槽１１内に設定された基準高さより高い位置に設けられる。基準高さには、例えば設計された運転時の水位高さや、ブレード１４の上端を適用することができる。基準高さは、水力発電装置１が設計通りに運転可能な水量を維持するために設定され得る。   The overflow port 11 c causes water flowing into the water tank 11 or foreign matter other than water to overflow into the water channel 2. Foreign substances other than water are living garbage such as floating garbage and fish in the water stream. The overflow port 11 c is provided at a position higher than a reference height set in the water tank 11. As the reference height, for example, the designed water level height during operation or the upper end of the blade 14 can be applied. The reference height can be set in order to maintain the amount of water that the hydroelectric generator 1 can operate as designed.

水槽１１には、導水路１７が設けられる。導水路１７は、流入口１１ａを介して水槽１１に接続され、水路２の水流の一部を水槽１１へと導く。導水路１７は、可動式である。具体的には、導水路１７は、水槽１１へ水を導くことが可能な導水位置（図２において実線で示す導水路１７の位置）と、水槽１１へ水を導かない非導水位置（図２における点線で示す導水路１７の位置）との間で、導水路１７の入口側開口１７ａを移動することができる。導水位置は、例えば入口側開口１７ａの少なくとも一部が水中にある位置である。非導水位置は、例えば、入口側開口１７ａの全部が水中にない位置や、入口側開口１７ａが水面に浮かんだ位置である。導水路１７は、例えばカウンターウェイトを設けることにより稼動する。この場合、導水路１７の入口側開口１７ａ側が所定の支点を軸に回動するよう、所要の位置に所要の重量のカウンターウェイトが設けられる。   A water conduit 17 is provided in the water tank 11. The water conduit 17 is connected to the water tank 11 via the inflow port 11 a and guides part of the water flow in the water path 2 to the water tank 11. The water conduit 17 is movable. Specifically, the water guide channel 17 is a water guide position (a position of the water guide channel 17 indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2) where water can be guided to the water tank 11, and a non-water guide position (FIG. 2) where water is not guided to the water tank 11. The inlet-side opening 17a of the water conduit 17 can be moved between the position of the water conduit 17 indicated by the dotted line in FIG. The water introduction position is, for example, a position where at least a part of the inlet side opening 17a is in water. The non-water-transfer position is, for example, a position where the entire inlet side opening 17a is not in water or a position where the inlet side opening 17a floats on the water surface. The water conduit 17 is operated by providing a counterweight, for example. In this case, a counterweight with a required weight is provided at a required position so that the inlet side opening 17a side of the water guide channel 17 rotates about a predetermined fulcrum.

なお、入口側開口１７ａが変動する水路２の水位に応じて、導水路１７から水槽１１に常に導水できるよう、導水路１７に所要の浮力を与える浮きを設けてもよい。また、導水路１７は、側溝などの流量の小さい水路においては、水路内の水流の一部のみならず全部を水槽１１へ導くようにしてもよい。この場合、図１に示すように、入口側開口１７ａをラッパ状に広げることにより、所要の水量を効率よく集水することができる。さらに、異物を不要に水槽１１へ導くことを防ぐため、入口側開口１７ａに網などのフィルタを設けてもよい。フィルタがほぼ平面状に設けられる場合には、フィルタ角度には水路２内の水流に対して垂直ではなく、所要の傾斜が設けられることが好ましい。フィルタに異物が衝突した場合、フィルタの傾斜により異物を上方または下方に逃がし、導水路１７や水槽１１に直に衝撃を与えることを防ぐことができる。
また、所要の水量以上の水が入口側開口１７ａへ流入した場合に、その水が導水路１７に集水されることなく好適に越流するのが好ましい。このため、導水路１７は上方が開放されており、かつ水槽１１に向かうにつれて側壁がなだらかに高くなるように構成されてもよい。これにより、入口側開口１７ａ側で不要な水を好適に越流させることができる。
さらに、導水路１７の水流方向に対する断面形状は、出口側開口１７ｂに向かうにつれて縦長に形成されるのが好ましい。これにより、出口側開口１７ｂから水槽１１に流れ込む水流を水槽の壁面に沿うように流すことができ、渦の形成に作用させることができる。これに伴い、水槽１１の流入口１１ａも縦長に形成される。 In addition, according to the water level of the water channel 2 in which the inlet side opening 17a fluctuates, a float that gives a required buoyancy to the water channel 17 may be provided so that water can always be guided from the water channel 17 to the water tank 11. Further, the water conduit 17 may be configured to guide not only a part of the water flow in the water channel but also the entire water channel 11 in a water channel having a small flow rate such as a side groove. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, the required amount of water can be efficiently collected by expanding the inlet side opening 17a in a trumpet shape. Further, a filter such as a net may be provided in the inlet side opening 17a in order to prevent foreign matters from being led to the water tank 11 unnecessarily. When the filter is provided in a substantially planar shape, it is preferable that the filter angle is not perpendicular to the water flow in the water channel 2 but is provided with a required inclination. When a foreign object collides with the filter, it is possible to prevent the foreign object from escaping upward or downward due to the inclination of the filter, and directly giving an impact to the water conduit 17 or the water tank 11.
In addition, when more than the required amount of water flows into the inlet side opening 17 a, it is preferable that the water overflows without being collected in the water conduit 17. For this reason, the water guide path 17 may be configured such that the upper side is open and the side walls gradually increase toward the water tank 11. Thereby, unnecessary water can be made to overflow suitably in the entrance side opening 17a side.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape with respect to the water flow direction of the water conduit 17 is formed in a vertically long shape toward the outlet side opening 17b. Thereby, the water flow which flows into the water tank 11 from the exit side opening 17b can be made to flow along the wall surface of a water tank, and it can be made to act on formation of a vortex. Accordingly, the inflow port 11a of the water tank 11 is also formed in a vertically long shape.

タービン１２は、水槽１１の内部に配置される。タービン１２は、シャフト１３と、ブレード１４とを有する。タービン１２は、水槽１１内で発生した渦の運動エネルギーをブレード１４で受け、ほぼ鉛直方向を回転軸とするシャフト１３を中心に回転する。タービン１２は、シャフト１３を介して発電機を回転させる。本実施形態においては、タービン１２は倍速装置１８と接続されており、間接的に発電機を回転させる。シャフト１３と発電機とを直結せずに遊星ギアなどのギアを介して接続したり、プーリーとベルトとを介して接続したりし、かつ電磁クラッチを設けることにより、水力発電装置１を電力需要に合わせて運用できる。   The turbine 12 is disposed inside the water tank 11. The turbine 12 has a shaft 13 and blades 14. The turbine 12 receives the kinetic energy of the vortex generated in the water tank 11 with a blade 14 and rotates around a shaft 13 having a substantially vertical direction as a rotation axis. The turbine 12 rotates the generator via the shaft 13. In the present embodiment, the turbine 12 is connected to the double speed device 18 and indirectly rotates the generator. By connecting the shaft 13 and the generator via a planetary gear or the like without connecting them directly, or connecting them via a pulley and a belt, and providing an electromagnetic clutch, the hydroelectric generator 1 is supplied with power demand. Can be operated according to

なお、シャフト１３は、水槽１１内の水位より上方に形成されることにより濡れにくく、渦からシャフト１３に作用する力が偏向しにくい。このため、ベアリングなどの軸受部材は、安価な汎用品であっても十分な強度と耐久性が期待できる。
シャフト１３およびブレード１４は、例えば、鉄（スチール）やステンレスなどにより構成することができる。水力発電装置１を排水路に設置する場合には、さらに腐食性のある排水にも対応可能なように、シャフト１３、ブレード１４などにメッキ加工などで耐食性を付与することが好ましい。 The shaft 13 is less likely to get wet by being formed above the water level in the water tank 11, and the force acting on the shaft 13 from the vortex is less likely to be deflected. For this reason, bearing members such as bearings can be expected to have sufficient strength and durability even if they are inexpensive general-purpose products.
The shaft 13 and the blade 14 can be made of, for example, iron (steel) or stainless steel. When the hydroelectric generator 1 is installed in the drainage channel, it is preferable to impart corrosion resistance to the shaft 13 and the blade 14 by plating or the like so as to be able to cope with corrosive drainage.

支持部材１５は、少なくとも水槽１１およびタービン１２を水路２に支持する。支持部材１５は、懸架部材１５ａと水路側支持部材１５ｂとを有する。懸架部材１５ａは、水槽１１およびタービン１２のシャフト１３を上方から支持する。水槽１１は、懸架部材１５ａに対してボルトや溶接により固定されて支持される。また、水路側支持部材１５ｂは、例えば水路２の流れに対して垂直方向に水路２の両岸に渡された懸架部材１５ａを、水路２の外側で固定する。
このとき、水槽１１と水路２の上段２ａとの距離が、例えば水槽１１の直径の１．５倍以上であるのが好ましい。１．５倍以上とすることで、例えば上段２ａから落下した流石や流木が直接水槽１１に当たることを避けることができ、水槽１１などを破損させることがない。
また、支持部材１５は、増水時など水位が変動する場合、水槽１１、導水路１７などの構造物の高さを変動させるのが好ましい。例えば、支持部材１５は、ジャッキなどの昇降装置により水槽１１などを一体として上昇または下降させる。これにより、増水時には水路２自身の水の流れを妨げることを防止することができる。 The support member 15 supports at least the water tank 11 and the turbine 12 in the water channel 2. The support member 15 includes a suspension member 15a and a water channel side support member 15b. The suspension member 15a supports the water tank 11 and the shaft 13 of the turbine 12 from above. The water tank 11 is supported by being fixed to the suspension member 15a by bolts or welding. Further, the water channel side support member 15 b fixes, for example, a suspension member 15 a that is passed to both banks of the water channel 2 in a direction perpendicular to the flow of the water channel 2 on the outside of the water channel 2.
At this time, the distance between the water tank 11 and the upper stage 2a of the water channel 2 is preferably 1.5 times or more the diameter of the water tank 11, for example. By setting it to 1.5 times or more, for example, it is possible to avoid the stones and driftwood dropped from the upper stage 2a from directly hitting the water tank 11, and the water tank 11 and the like are not damaged.
Moreover, when the water level fluctuates, such as at the time of water increase, the supporting member 15 preferably fluctuates the height of structures such as the water tank 11 and the water conduit 17. For example, the support member 15 raises or lowers the water tank 11 and the like as a unit by a lifting device such as a jack. Thereby, it can prevent obstructing the flow of water of waterway 2 itself at the time of water increase.

なお、水槽１１の寸法や水槽１１への流入量および流出量（流入口１１ａおよび流出口１１ｂ、導水路１７の入口側開口１７ａ、出口側開口１７ｂの開口面積）は、水力発電装置１の設置場所の地形や水量、発電量などの各種条件に応じて適宜好適に設計される。   Note that the dimensions of the water tank 11 and the inflow and outflow quantities into the water tank 11 (the inlet 11a and outlet 11b, the opening area 17a of the water conduit 17 and the opening area of the outlet opening 17b) are determined by the installation of the hydroelectric generator 1. It is suitably designed according to various conditions such as the location's topography, water volume, and power generation.

本実施形態における水力発電装置１は、水槽１１およびタービン１２が支持部材１５で懸架されて水路２に支持される。これにより、従来水力発電の普及を妨げていた要因の１つであった、水力発電装置１の設置作業を簡易なものとすることができる。すなわち、従来用いられていた、新たに水力発電用に水路を設け装置を設置する方法や、遠距離に亘る導水工事による大高低差を形成する方法を用いることなく、簡易な作業で水力発電装置１を設置することができる。また、本実施形態における水力発電装置１は、水槽１１が水路２の構造そのものに対して別体として形成されているため、新規に水路を構築する場合のみならず、既存の水路に対しても据付が可能である。   In the hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present embodiment, a water tank 11 and a turbine 12 are suspended by a support member 15 and supported by a water channel 2. Thereby, the installation operation | work of the hydroelectric generator 1 which was one of the factors which prevented the spread of conventional hydroelectric power generation can be made simple. That is, a hydroelectric power generation device can be used with a simple operation without using a conventionally used method of newly providing a water channel for hydroelectric power generation and installing a device or a method of forming a height difference due to water conveyance work over a long distance. 1 can be installed. Moreover, since the water tank 11 is formed as a separate body from the structure of the water channel 2, the hydroelectric generator 1 in the present embodiment is not only for newly constructing a water channel, but also for an existing water channel. Installation is possible.

さらに、水力発電装置１は、水路２の幅員の一部のみを使用し、かつ上方開放型の水槽１１などの簡素な装置構造により稼働する。これにより、水路２の水量に応じた設計が容易であるとともに、非常時などの万一の場合においても、水路２の全てを塞いでしまうことを回避することができる。また、水路２そのものの構造を変更することで水槽１１を設けることはしないため、水力発電装置１を水路２から取り外すことにより、水路２を元の状態にすることができる。   Furthermore, the hydroelectric generator 1 uses only a part of the width of the water channel 2 and operates with a simple device structure such as an upwardly open water tank 11. Thereby, the design according to the amount of water in the water channel 2 is easy, and it is possible to avoid blocking the entire water channel 2 even in the event of an emergency. Moreover, since the water tank 11 is not provided by changing the structure of the water channel 2 itself, the water channel 2 can be returned to its original state by removing the hydroelectric generator 1 from the water channel 2.

また、水力発電装置１は可動式の導水路１７を備えるため、発電の際（導水時）には導水位置で水を水槽１１に導くことができる。一方、水槽１１やタービン１２の点検時など、発電を行わない際（非導水時）には、導水路１７を非導水位置に移動することにより、水槽１１への水の流入を停止できる。これにより、導水を行わない際には、大がかりな構造を用いて水路２の本流を止める必要がなく、簡易な操作で導水・非導水を制御することができる。   Further, since the hydroelectric generator 1 includes the movable water conduit 17, water can be guided to the water tank 11 at the water introduction position during power generation (during water introduction). On the other hand, when power generation is not performed (when water is not introduced), such as when the water tank 11 or the turbine 12 is inspected, the inflow of water into the water tank 11 can be stopped by moving the water guide path 17 to the non-water guide position. Thereby, when not conducting water conveyance, it is not necessary to stop the main flow of the water channel 2 using a large-scale structure, and water conveyance / non-water conveyance can be controlled by a simple operation.

さらにまた、本実施形態における水力発電装置１は、流出口１１ｂと併せてオーバーフロー口１１ｃを備える。これにより、水流内の異物（浮遊ごみ）は、渦の遠心力が作用することによりオーバーフロー口１１ｃから排除される。また、水槽１１に沈む異物は、流出口１１ｂから排出させることができる。また、ブレード１４の一部とシャフト１３とを水槽１１の水面より上方に位置するように構成することにより、水槽１１内に流れ込んだロープなどの長尺状のごみが巻きつく事態も低減することができる。このような水力発電装置１は、ごみ耐性をも向上させることができ、水力発電装置１の管理作業を軽減できる。   Furthermore, the hydroelectric generator 1 in the present embodiment includes an overflow port 11c together with the outflow port 11b. Thereby, the foreign substance (floating dust) in a water flow is excluded from the overflow port 11c by the centrifugal force of a vortex acting. Moreover, the foreign material which sinks in the water tank 11 can be discharged | emitted from the outflow port 11b. Further, by configuring a part of the blade 14 and the shaft 13 so as to be positioned above the water surface of the water tank 11, it is possible to reduce a situation where a long garbage such as a rope flowing into the water tank 11 is wound. Can do. Such a hydroelectric generator 1 can also improve dust resistance, and can reduce the management work of the hydroelectric generator 1.

本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。これら実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれるとともに、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれる。   Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

１ 水力発電装置
２ 水路
１１ 水槽
１１ａ 流入口
１１ｂ 流出口
１１ｃ オーバーフロー口
１２ タービン
１３ シャフト
１４ ブレード
１５ 支持部材
１７ 導水路
１８ 倍速装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroelectric power generator 2 Water channel 11 Water tank 11a Inlet 11b Outlet 11c Overflow port 12 Turbine 13 Shaft 14 Blade 15 Support member 17 Water guide channel 18 Double speed device

Claims (7)

水路から導かれた水を上方から流入させる流入口と、前記流入口に導かれた水を前記流入口より下方から流出させる流出口とを備えた水槽と、
前記水槽の内部に配置された、ほぼ鉛直方向の回転軸を中心に前記水槽内で発生した渦により発電機を回転させるタービンと、
少なくとも前記水槽および前記タービンを前記水路に支持する支持部材と、
を備えたことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 A water tank provided with an inflow port through which water led from the water channel flows in from above, and an outflow port through which water led to the inflow port flows out from below the inflow port;
A turbine that is disposed inside the aquarium and rotates a generator by a vortex generated in the aquarium around a substantially vertical rotation axis;
A support member that supports at least the water tank and the turbine in the water channel;
A hydroelectric generator characterized by comprising: 前記支持部材は、前記水槽および前記タービンを上方から支持する懸架部材と、前記水路の流れに対してほぼ垂直方向に前記水路の両岸に渡された前記懸架部材を、前記水路で固定する水路側支持部材と、を有する請求項１記載の水力発電装置。   The support member includes a suspension member that supports the water tank and the turbine from above, and a water channel that fixes the suspension member that is passed to both sides of the water channel in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow of the water channel. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, further comprising a side support member. 前記水槽の外形底面は、前記水路内の水面よりも上方に位置する請求項１または２記載の水力発電装置。   The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an outer bottom surface of the water tank is located above a water surface in the water channel. 前記流入口に接続され、前記水路から前記水槽へ水流の少なくとも一部を導く導水路をさらに備えた請求項１〜３のいずれか一項記載の水力発電装置。   The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a water conduit that is connected to the inlet and guides at least a part of the water flow from the water channel to the water tank. 前記導水路は、前記水槽へ水を導く導水位置と、前記水槽へ水を導かない非導水位置との間で移動する請求項４記載の水力発電装置。   5. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 4, wherein the water guide path moves between a water guide position that guides water to the water tank and a non-water guide position that does not guide water to the water tank. 前記水槽は、前記流出口の他に、前記水槽に流入した前記水または前記水以外の異物をオーバーフローさせるオーバーフロー口をさらに備えた請求項１〜５のいずれか一項記載の水力発電装置。   The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water tank further includes an overflow port that overflows the water flowing into the water tank or a foreign substance other than the water, in addition to the outlet. 水路から導かれた水を上方から流入させる流入口と、前記流入口に導かれた水を前記流入口より下方から流出させる流出口とを備えた水槽と、前記水槽の内部に配置された、ほぼ鉛直方向の回転軸を中心に前記水槽内で発生した渦により発電機を回転させるタービンと、を準備する工程と、
少なくとも前記水槽および前記タービンを前記水路に支持する工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする水力発電装置の設置方法。 A water tank provided with an inflow port from which water led from a water channel flows in from above, an outflow port from which water led to the inflow port flows out from below the inflow port, and the water tank disposed inside the water tank, Preparing a turbine for rotating a generator by vortices generated in the water tank around a substantially vertical rotation axis;
Supporting at least the water tank and the turbine in the water channel;
The installation method of the hydroelectric power generator characterized by comprising.
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