JP2014153978A - System for counting number of persons - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the conventional problem that a system for counting the number of persons is not obtained, where, even when some persons enter or exits to or from a space such as a conference room where the persons can enter or exit, the system for counting the number of the persons can exactly count, at all times for each time, the number of the persons in the space with a simple structure.SOLUTION: A system for counting the number of persons comprises: a human sensor for detecting the persons who enter or exit to or from a space disposed near an entrance door of the space where the persons enter or exit; a COsensor for detecting COconcentration in the space; and calculation means for calculating the number of the persons in the space on the basis of a detection signal of the human sensor and the COconcentration detected by the COsensor.

Description

  The present invention relates to a people counting system for calculating the number of people in a space where people enter and exit (hereinafter referred to as “the number of people”).

Conventionally, a measuring method for grasping and managing the number of people in a space to be managed such as a building from the viewpoint of energy saving and security has been proposed.

For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-47082, the number of people passing at the same time is measured based on the time passing in front of the two-type optical sensor, analyzed by a personal computer, and the total number of entering and leaving the store is totaled. A method is disclosed. In this method, at least two human sensors are installed in the vicinity of a passage through which a person passes, and the walking direction of the person is determined depending on which of the two human sensors is detected first when the person passes the sensor. As a result, entry and exit are measured. Furthermore, the number of people entering and leaving the room at each time is cumulatively calculated by a personal computer to estimate the number of people.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-278868 discloses air-conditioning based on the amount of air supplied to the air-conditioned space and the CO ₂ concentration of the supplied air, and the amount of air discharged from the air-conditioned space and the CO ₂ concentration of the exhaust air. A method for estimating the number of people in an air-conditioned space from the amount of CO ₂ generated in the space is disclosed.

JP 2008-47082 A (Claim 1, Claim 8, FIG. 1) JP 2004-278868 A (Claim 1, FIG. 1, FIG. 2)

However, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-47082, the number of people who pass is detected by a sensor, but the number of people who are present is simply calculated by accumulating the number of people who have passed, so it is detected even once at any time. When an error occurs, there is a problem that the accumulated value has an error after the time when the detection error has occurred, and the accumulated number of people continuously deviates from the actual number of people. In other words, changes in entering and leaving the room at each time can be accurately captured and changes in the number of people in a short time can be measured, but there is a problem with the absolute value of the number of people.

Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-278868, the amount of CO ₂ generated by measuring the CO ₂ concentration is calculated to calculate the number of people, but if the sampling time interval for measuring the CO ₂ concentration is too long, There was a problem that it was impossible to respond to changes in the number of people in a short time. Moreover, if the sampling time interval is shortened, the change in CO ₂ concentration is very small, so that the influence of measurement error increases, and calculating the number of people results in large variations. For this reason, averaging processing is required to some extent, but the change in the number of people obtained by averaging becomes a gradual change, and the absolute value of the number of people can be taken relatively accurately, but the number of people in a short time There was a problem that it was not possible to measure the change of the agility quickly.

  The present invention has been made against the background described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a people counting system that can easily measure the number of people with a simple configuration.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, a human sensor which detects a person in and out of the space provided on the entrance near the space in and out of a person, CO ₂ for detecting a CO ₂ concentration in the space A sensor and a calculation means for calculating the number of persons in the space based on the detection signal from the human sensor and the CO ₂ concentration detected by the CO ₂ sensor.

  According to the number counting system of the present invention, the number of people can be easily measured with a simple configuration.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the people counting system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the people counting system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the human sensor 1 detection state and the calculated number of people (1st calculated value) in the experiment implemented using the people counting system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. The graph which shows the comparison with the number of persons (1st calculation value) calculated from the detection signal of the human sensitive sensor 1, and the actual number of persons in the experiment implemented using the people counting system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is. In experiments conducted using people counting system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, it is a graph showing the detection results of the CO ₂ concentration. FIG. 5 is a graph showing a comparison between the number of persons (second calculated value) calculated from the CO ₂ concentration shown in FIG. 5 and the actual number of persons in an experiment performed using the number counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is. In the experiment carried out using the people counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the calculated number of people (second calculated value) and the actual number of people after moving average processing of the CO ₂ concentration shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the comparison with. In the people counting system concerning an embodiment of the invention, it is a figure showing the flow which chooses and decides the last number of people from the 1st calculation value and the 2nd calculation value. FIG. 7 is a graph showing a comparison between the final number of persons selected and determined along the flow shown in FIG. 8 and the actual number of persons in an experiment performed using the number counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. is there.

Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a people counting system according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, there is a partitioned space 2 such as a conference room in a building or the like where people enter and exit, and two human sensors are located near the outside of an entrance 3 provided in a part of the space 2. 1 is installed. In the ceiling of the space 2, the ventilation device 10, the air supply ducts 11 a and 11 b that are connected to the ventilation device 10 and supply fresh air outside the space 2 into the space 2, and the contamination in the space 2 Exhaust ducts 12a and 12b are provided for discharging the generated air out of the space 2. One end of the air supply duct 11 a is connected to an outer air supply port 13 provided so as to open to the outside of the space 2, and the other end of 11 a is connected to the ventilator 10. One end of the air supply duct 11 b is connected to the ventilation device 10, and the other end of the air supply duct 11 b is connected to an inner air supply port 14 provided so as to open into the space 2. One end of the exhaust duct 12a is connected to an inner exhaust port 15 provided so as to open into the space 2, and the other end of the exhaust duct 12a is connected to a ventilator. One end of the exhaust duct 12 b is connected to the ventilator 10, and the other end of the exhaust duct 12 b is connected to an outer exhaust port 16 provided so as to open outside the space 2.

In the space 2, a CO ₂ sensor 20 for detecting and measuring the CO ₂ concentration of air in the space 2 is installed, and in the air supply duct 11a, CO _{2 of} air supplied from the outside is installed. An outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 for detecting and measuring the concentration is installed. A data processing device 40 is provided in the ceiling of the space 2. The human sensor 1 is connected to the data processing device 40 via a signal line 50 (not shown in FIG. 1), and the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the signal sensor 51 are connected via a signal line 51 (not shown in FIG. 1). The outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 is connected, and is connected to a building management system 110 (not shown in FIG. 1) or the like via a network line 52 (not shown in FIG. 1).
ing.

When a person enters the space 2 through the entrance / exit 3 or exits the space 2 through the entrance / exit 3, the person entering / exiting must be in front of the human sensor 1 installed near the outside of the entrance / exit 3. The human sensor 1 detects the person who passes. A detection signal detected by the human sensor 1 is input to the data processing device 40 through a signal line 50 (not shown in FIG. 1), and the data processing device 40 has a space based on the detection signal from the human sensor 1. 2 calculates the number of people (the number of people) in the middle (first calculated value). On the other hand, when a person is in the space 2, the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2 increases due to CO ₂ generated from exhalation. The CO ₂ sensor 20 detects the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2, and a detection signal is input to the data processing device 40 through a signal line 51 (not shown in FIG. 1). Further, since CO ₂ is also supplied by the air supplied to the space 2 through the air supply duct 11, the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 detects the CO ₂ concentration of the supplied air, and the detection signal is a signal line 51 ( The data is input to the data processing device 40 (not shown in FIG. 1). The data processing device 40 calculates the number of people (the number of people) in the space 2 based on detection signals from the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 (second calculated value). Then, at each time, the data processing device 40 selects either the first calculated value calculated based on the human sensor 1 or the _second calculated value calculated based on the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21. One of them is selected, and the calculated value selected as the calculation result of the final number of people in the space 2 is output to the outside of the data processing device 40. The outputted number of people is transferred to a management system 110 (not shown in FIG. 1) of the building management room via a network line 52 (not shown in FIG. 1) as a communication means.

In the first embodiment, an example in which the CO ₂ sensor 20 is provided alone in the space 2 has been shown. However, it is sufficient if the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2 can be detected and measured. in, among ventilator 10 or better, CO ₂ sensor in such as in a remote controller for operating a ventilator 10 if (not shown) is provided in the space 2, (not shown) that the remote control, The position of 20 is not limited to the first embodiment. Similarly, although the example in which the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 is provided in the air supply duct 11a has been shown, it is only necessary to be able to detect and measure the CO ₂ concentration of the air supplied from the outside. The apparatus 10 or the like may be provided, and the position of the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 is not limited to the first embodiment.

Further, in the first embodiment, the example in which the data processing device 40 is provided alone in the ceiling of the space 2 has been described, but the installation location of the data processing device 40 is not particularly limited, and is independently provided outside the space 2. It may be provided, may be integrated with the human sensor 1, or may be incorporated in another device such as a ventilator 10 or a remote controller (not shown) for operating the ventilator 10, etc. The position 40 is not limited to the first embodiment.

In the first embodiment, an example in which the human sensor 1 is provided near the outside of the entrance / exit 3 of the space 2 is shown. However, since it is only necessary to reliably detect a person entering / exiting the space 2, It may be provided at the entrance 3 or the like, and the position of the human sensor 1 is not limited to the first embodiment.

In the first embodiment, the human sensor 1 is composed of two human sensors 1a and 1b. However, one sensor in which a plurality of infrared detecting elements are arranged in one chip is provided. The presence / absence of a person and the direction of movement of the person may be detected, and the number of sensors constituting the human sensor 1 is not limited to the first embodiment.

In the first embodiment, an example in which the network line 52 is used as a communication unit that outputs data from the data processing device 40 to the outside has been described. However, as the communication unit, a transmission device is provided in the data processing device 40 and wireless communication is performed. May be.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment 1, although the case where the entrance / exit 3 of the space 2 was one was shown, when there are two or more entrances / exits 3 of the space 2, if the human sensitive sensor 1 corresponding to each entrance / exit 3 is provided, Well, the number of entrances 3 and the number of human sensors 1 are not limited to the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the people counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, in the data processing device 40, information regarding the volume input means 30 that can arbitrarily input the volume of the target space (space 2) to be calculated, and the amount of air that ventilates the space 2 (ventilation air volume) is arbitrarily stored. An air amount input means 31 that can be input and a CO ₂ generation amount input means 32 that can arbitrarily input a CO ₂ generation amount per unit time of a person are provided. The data processing device 40 includes a human sensor 1, a CO ₂ sensor 20, an outside air CO ₂ sensor 21, a volume value input by the volume input means 30, an air volume (ventilation air volume) input by the air volume input means 31, and a microcomputer (computing means) 100 to be output to the outside to calculate the standing number in space 2 on the basis of the information of the CO ₂ generation amount input by the CO ₂ generation amount input unit 32, based on the motion sensor 1 A memory 70 that stores the number of people (first calculated value) calculated by the microcomputer 100 together with the calculated time, a volume value input by the CO ₂ sensor 20, the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21, and the volume input means 30, and an air amount input air amount entered in section 31 standing persons (second calculated value) by the microcomputer 100 is calculated based on the information (ventilation power) and CO ₂ generation amount input unit 32 CO ₂ generation amount input by And a memory 71 for storing together with the calculated time.

In the first embodiment, an example is shown in which the position of the volume input means 30 is provided in the data processing device 40, but it may be provided separately from the data processing device, or the human sensor 1 or the CO ₂ sensor 20 may be provided. Or may be integrated with a remote control (not shown), a building management system or the like if it is in a remote control (not shown) space 2 for operating the ventilator 10 or the like. The position of the input means 30 is not limited to the first embodiment.

Next, details of the calculation of the number of people by the data processing device 40 will be described. First, calculation of the number of people (first calculated value) based on the human sensor 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the human sensor 1 installed outside the space 2 in the vicinity of the entrance / exit 3 is spaced along the passage direction (entrance / exit direction) of a person entering / exiting the space 2 (person entering / exiting). It consists of two human sensors 1a and 1b installed side by side, and the human sensor 1b is provided closer to the entrance / exit 3 than the human sensor 1a. The human sensor 1 is an optical human sensor using infrared rays. It should be noted that the human sensor 1 may be a radio sensor using the Doppler effect, or another human sensor such as a foot switch that is turned on when it is installed on the floor and depressed. Moreover, the thing which can detect a person's moving direction using one sensor which arranged several infrared rays detection elements on one chip | tip may be used. When a person enters the space 2, the person first passes in front of the human sensor 1a and then passes in front of the human sensor 1b. At this time, a signal for detecting a person is output from the human sensor 1a, and a signal for detecting a person is output from the human sensor 1b with a delay. The microcomputer 100 of the data processing device 40 determines that there is one person entering the room when there is an output from the human sensor 1b after the human sensor 1a. On the other hand, if there is an output from the human sensor 1a next to the human sensor 1b, it is determined that one person has left.

In this way, the microcomputer 100 determines the number of people passing and the entry / exit (entry / exit direction) based on the output result from the human sensor 1, and adds and subtracts the number of passing people according to the entry / exit and accumulates them. The number of people in the space 2 at that time is calculated as the first calculated value. The memory 70 stores and stores the time, the number of people passing through, the entry / exit of the people passing through, and the first calculated value, which is the cumulatively calculated number of people, each time. The microcomputer 100 reads the immediately preceding first calculated value that is already stored in the memory 70 in order to calculate the first calculated value that is the number of people, and passes the current person's passage to the immediately preceding first calculated value. The result (addition / subtraction value) generated in step 1 is added / subtracted to calculate the first calculated value at the present time. In the first embodiment, the human sensor 1 is composed of two sensors, the human sensor 1a and the human sensor 1b. However, if the number of installations is further increased with an interval in the passage direction, The detection accuracy can be further increased.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the detection state of the human sensor 1 and the calculated number of people (first calculated value) in an experiment carried out using the people counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The human sensors 1a and 1b detect the presence / absence of a person by sampling every 0.1 second, and the time in FIG. 3 represents the time at the time of sampling. For example, “9: “25: 06.90” is arranged in the order of “hour: minute: second” and represents “9: 25: 06.90”. The numerical values of the human sensors 1a and 1b are represented by “1” when a person is detected and “0” when a person is not detected. The number of people entering / exiting is determined based on the presence sensor 1a and the presence sensor 1b, and “1” is indicated when entering the room and “−1” when exiting. The number of people (first calculated value) represents the number of people in the space 2 at the time based on the result of the number of people entering and leaving.

More specifically, at the time of 9: 25: 06.90, neither the human sensor 1a nor 1b detected a person, and the number of people (first calculated value) was nine. At time 9: 25: 07.00 after 0.1 second, the human sensor 1a detects a person and becomes “1”, and then continues until 9: 25: 07.40. Has been detected as “1”. Furthermore, at 9: 25: 07.40, the human sensor 1b also detects the person and becomes “1”, and then the human sensor 1b continuously detects the person until 9: 25: 07.80. Therefore, the human sensor 1a is “0” because the human sensor 1a has not continuously detected a person. Then, at the subsequent time of 9: 25: 07.90 seconds, neither the human sensor 1a nor 1b detects a person, and both are “0”. At time 9: 25: 07.00 to time 9: 25: 07.30, only the human sensor 1a detects a person, and at the following time 9: 25: 07.50, only the human sensor 1b Since the person is detected, the microcomputer 100 determines that the number of people entering the room is one at 9: 25: 07.50 seconds, and the time immediately before 9: 25: 07.40 seconds stored in the memory 70 is reached. Nine people who are the values of the number of people (first calculated value) at the time of reading are added, one person is added to the value and accumulated, and the number of people at the time of 9: 25: 07.50 seconds (No. (One calculated value) is calculated as 10 persons and stored in the memory 70.

In addition, since the human sensor 1a continuously detects a person from the time 9: 25: 07.00 to the time 9: 25: 07.40, the entire time is determined as one person, and then the time From 9: 25: 07.40 to 9: 25: 07.80, the human sensor 1b continuously detects a person. Therefore, during this period, it is determined that there is one person, and the time is 9:25. It is determined that one person has passed from the human sensor 1a to the human sensor 1b from 7.00 seconds to 9: 25: 07.80 seconds.

Next, at the time of 9: 44: 24.30 seconds, neither the human sensor 1a nor 1b detected a person, and the number of people (first calculated value) was 10. Then, at time 9: 44: 24.40 seconds after 0.1 second, the human sensor 1b detects a person and becomes “1”, and then continues until 9: 44: 24.80 seconds. Since 1b has detected a person, it is “1”. Furthermore, at time 9: 44: 24.80 seconds, the human sensor 1a also detects the person and becomes “1”, and then the human sensor 1a continuously detects the person until time 9: 44: 25.30 seconds. Therefore, the human sensor 1b is “0” because it has not continuously detected a person. Then, at the subsequent time of 9: 44: 25.40 seconds, neither the human sensor 1a nor 1b detects a person, and both are “0”. At time 9: 44: 24.40 to time 9: 44: 24.70, only the human sensor 1b detects a person, and at the subsequent time 9: 44: 24.90, only the human sensor 1a Since the person has been detected, the microcomputer 100 determines that one person has left at the time of 9: 44: 24.90 seconds, and the time of 9: 44: 24.80 seconds immediately before being stored in the memory 70. 10 people who are the values of the number of people (first calculated value) at 1 are read out, and one person who has left is subtracted from that value and accumulated, and the number of people at the time of 9: 44: 24.90 seconds (No. 1) One calculated value) is calculated as 9 persons and is stored in the memory 70.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the number of people (first calculated value) calculated from the detection signal of the human sensor 1 and the actual number of people in the experiment carried out using the people counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a graph which shows a comparison. In FIG. 4, from 6 o'clock to 12 o'clock at the start of the experiment, the occupancy (first calculated value) calculated based on the human sensor 1 matches the actual occupancy. However, there is a large discrepancy between the number of people (first calculated value) calculated from 12:00 to 24:00 when the measurement ends and the actual number of people.

The cause of this deviation is due to human detection accuracy in the human sensor 1. The human sensor 1 can accurately detect the presence or absence of a passing person, but it is difficult to detect the number of passing persons. For example, the human sensor 1 cannot distinguish between a case where a plurality of people pass at the same time and a case where one person passes. As a coping method, if the width of the passage is narrowed so that only one person can pass through the passage in front of the motion sensor 1, it is possible to prevent a plurality of people from passing at the same time. When a person passes in a row with no gap between the front and back persons, the human sensor 1 cannot identify the number of persons. If the human sensor 1 is continuously detecting a person on the assumption that the walking speed of the person is a predetermined value, the number of passing people may be estimated according to the continuous detection time length. Although it is possible, the actual walking speed of the person is various, and depending on the person, the person may stop in front of the human sensor 1, so that the estimated value of the number of people is still inaccurate.

The human sensor 1 only detects people passing in front of the human sensor 1 and cannot directly detect people in the space 2. The accumulated value of people who passed in front of the human sensor 1 must be calculated, and if the number of people passing by the human sensor 1 is erroneously detected even once, the subsequent accumulated value will always contain the error. This is also due to an incorrect value.

Therefore, in FIG. 4, there was an erroneous detection of the number of people in the presence sensor 1 after 12:00, and a deviation of about 3 people occurred from the actual number of people, and then a deviation of about 3 people occurred until around 15:00. It is left. Further, after 15 o'clock, the human sensor 1 again detects the number of people, and the difference increases to about 7 people. After that, about 7 people continue to shift until 20 o'clock. There was a misdetection of the number of people at the time, and the number of deviations decreased to about five. Thereafter, the deviation of about five people remained until around 0:00 when the experiment ended.

However, if attention is paid to the time other than the time at which the human sensor 1 detected after 12:00, after 15:00, and around 20:00, the change in entry and exit at each time is accurately captured, and 12:00 However, the calculated value of the number of people (first calculated value) is only offset from the actual number of people due to the influence of erroneous detection that occurred only after 15:00 and after 15:00.
Therefore, the number of people (first calculated value) calculated based on the presence sensor 1 has a problem with the absolute value of the number of people, but changes in the entry and exit in a short time (relative to the number of people in the short time). It can be seen that (change) can be captured almost accurately.

Although there is a method of identifying a person by imaging using a camera or the like instead of the human sensor 1 and detecting the number of persons with high accuracy, there is another problem that the system is complicated and expensive.

Next, calculation of the number of persons (second calculated value) based on the CO ₂ concentration detected and measured by the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 will be described. The space 2 used by humans is normally obliged to be ventilated by laws and regulations. First-class ventilation, supply or exhaust, in which air supply and exhaust are mechanically performed by a ventilation fan as shown in FIG. There is type 2 or type 3 ventilation with one of the openings as an open hole, and natural ventilation with air supply and exhaust as an opening hole. In either case, the CO ₂ concentration of the air in the space 2 is expressed by the following equation: Calculated.
Mt2 = Mt1 + m × N + Min−Mout
Mt1 = Ct1 × V
Mt2 = Ct2 × V
Here, Mt1: 1 Time CO ₂ content before the space 2, Mt2: CO ₂ amount of space 2 after one time, m: CO ₂ emissions per capita, N: resident persons in the space 2, Min: CO ₂ supply amount, Mout: CO ₂ exhaust amount Ct1: The CO ₂ concentration before 1 time, Ct 2: The CO ₂ concentration after 1 time, and V: the volume of the space 2.

Min is calculated from the CO ₂ concentration and supply amount of air supplied from the outside, and Mout is calculated from the CO ₂ concentration and exhaust amount of air in the space 2. Since the space 2 is a closed space, the air supply amount and the exhaust amount by ventilation are basically the same value, and the air amount input means provided in the data processing device 40 as the air supply amount = exhaust amount = air amount (ventilation air amount). The value of the air volume per unit time (ventilation air volume) arbitrarily input from 31 is used. The input to the air amount input means 31 may be input by a person or the like at the time of construction, or may be automatically input by obtaining a ventilation air volume signal from the ventilator 10 for ventilating the space 2 or the like. .

The CO ₂ concentration of the air in the space 2 is detected by the CO ₂ sensor 20 provided in the space 2, and the CO ₂ concentration of the air supplied from the outside is detected by the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 provided in the air supply duct 11a. In the first embodiment, an example is shown in which the CO ₂ concentration of the air supplied to the space 2 is obtained by the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 so that the CO ₂ concentration of the supplied air can be changed. The system may be simplified by omitting the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 on the assumption that the CO ₂ concentration value of the supplied air is substantially constant. For example, since the CO ₂ concentration value of outdoor outside air is generally about 400 ppm, the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 may be omitted and a value of 400 ppm may be stored in advance. If the known value is known in an environment where the CO ₂ concentration value of the air supplied to the space 2 is almost constant, the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 is omitted, and the CO ₂ concentration of the supplied air is arbitrarily input from the outside. An outside air CO ₂ concentration input means (not shown) that can be provided may be provided and used by inputting the known value in advance at the time of construction or the like.

The volume V of the space 2 is input by a person at the time of construction using the volume value arbitrarily input from the volume input means 30 provided in the data processing device 40.

The CO ₂ generation amount m per person is obtained by using the value of the CO ₂ generation amount per unit time of a person arbitrarily input from the CO ₂ generation amount input means 32 provided in the data processing device 40. CO ₂ emission per unit time, generally be determined by the activities of the human, for example, if the就務environment at the time of sitting resting 0.013 m ³ / h approximately, 0.02 m ³ / h if light work Degree. Since the value of CO ₂ emission per unit of activity for each content time people are previously stored in the data processing unit 40, a person such as during construction is in accordance with the work of the person that is assumed in the space 2 CO ₂ The generated amount input means 32 selects and inputs. Further, when there is no corresponding work in the work list stored in advance, a numerical value can be directly input.

In the first embodiment, the example of inputting the value of the CO ₂ generation amount per unit time of the person arbitrarily input from the CO ₂ generation amount input means 32 provided in the data processing device 40 has been shown. It is also possible to omit the CO ₂ generation amount input means 32 by storing the value of the CO ₂ generation amount per unit time of the premise work contents in advance and use the value, thereby simplifying the system. For example, in general, human activity is assumed to be within the range of light work outside a space where exercise is performed, and therefore it is conceivable to use about 0.02 m ³ / h.

As described above, the CO ₂ concentration detected by the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21, the volume of the space 2 input from the volume input means 30, the ventilation air volume per unit time input from the air amount input means 31, and Based on the value of the CO ₂ generation amount per unit time input from the CO ₂ generation amount input means 32, the number of people N (second calculated value) in the space 2 can be calculated using the above equation.

In addition, although demonstrated with respect to the space 2 when ventilation is made here, when the ventilator 10 is stopped or when there is no ventilator 10 or an opening hole for ventilation (not shown), In the case of the space 2 where ventilation is not performed at all, the number of people (second calculated value) may be calculated by setting Min = 0 and Mout = 0 in the above formula.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the detection result of the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2 in the experiment carried out using the people counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a graph showing a comparison between the number of persons (second calculated value) calculated based on the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2 shown in FIG. 5 and the actual number of persons. The CO ₂ concentration is detected every minute with a predetermined sampling time interval t1 of t1 = 1 minute. In FIG. 6, when the number of people (second calculated value) calculated based on the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2 is compared with the actual number of people, the overall change is almost the same. The number of people (second calculated value) can be calculated by accurately capturing the overall change. However, when viewed individually, the calculated occupancy (second calculated value) has a larger variation and the occupancy varies greatly in a short time. The cause of this variation, since the corresponding to standing number changes in a short time, there the CO ₂ concentration to calculate the sampled and standing persons (second calculated value) at short time intervals, a small CO ₂ This is because calculating the number of persons from the change in concentration is likely to include a measurement error of the CO ₂ concentration.

Therefore, in order to calculate the second calculated value, the microcomputer 100 of the data processing device 40 of the first embodiment calculates the second calculated value after performing the moving average process on the detected CO ₂ concentration. . The operation for calculating the second calculated value will be described. The microcomputer 100 detects the CO ₂ concentration by the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 at a predetermined sampling time interval t1, and detects the CO ₂ concentration value (detection). Value), and a plurality of CO ₂ concentration values (detected values) for the past predetermined time interval t2 already stored in the memory 71 are read from the memory 71, and the current CO ₂ concentration value ( The CO ₂ concentration value (moving average value) is obtained by performing an averaging process together with the detected value), the obtained CO ₂ concentration value (moving average value), the volume of the space 2 input from the volume input means 30, and the amount of air A second calculated value is obtained by the above equation from the air volume per unit time input from the input unit 31 and the CO ₂ generation amount per unit time input from the CO ₂ generation amount input unit 32, The CO ₂ concentration value (detected value) detected with time and the calculated second calculated value are stored in the memory 71. Therefore, the time, the CO ₂ concentration value (detected value), and the second calculated value are stored in the memory 71 for every t1 interval. Since the CO ₂ concentration value (detection value) is stored in the memory 71, the CO ₂ concentration value (moving average value) can be calculated at any time, and it is not particularly necessary to store the data in the memory 71. .

Note that the past predetermined time interval t2 in the past in the moving average process will be described. For example, if t2 = 30 minutes, the moving average process performs the CO ₂ concentration value for the last 30 minutes in the past. (Detection value) and the current CO ₂ concentration value (detection value) are averaged to calculate the CO ₂ concentration value (moving average value) as the current moving average value.

FIG. 7 shows the actual number of people (second calculated value) calculated after the moving average processing of the CO ₂ concentration shown in FIG. 5 in the experiment conducted using the people counting system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the comparison with the number of people. The predetermined sampling time interval t1 is t1 = 1 minute. As t2 of the moving average process, the case where the leveling effect is most noticeable at t2 = 30 minutes is shown. As shown in FIG. 7, the variation is very small by smoothing by the moving average process, and the calculated occupancy (second calculated value) can be calculated almost accurately by capturing the overall change. However, it is not possible to obtain small changes in the number of people at each time, that is, a short-time entry / exit change. Therefore, the occupancy (second calculated value) calculated using the CO ₂ concentration has a problem with a short-time entry / exit change (relative change in the occupancy in a short time), but the absolute occupancy It can be seen that the value can be captured almost accurately.

In the first embodiment, moving average processing is performed for smoothing, but other methods such as smoothing by other averaging processing or increasing the sampling interval t1 of the CO ₂ concentration are used. It may be used to reduce individual variations and is not limited to moving average processing.

As described above, the occupancy (first calculated value) calculated based on the human sensor 1 shown in FIG. 4 has a problem with the absolute value of the occupancy, but changes in the entry / exit in a short time (short time). The relative change in the number of people in can be captured almost accurately. On the other hand, the number of people (second calculated value) calculated based on the CO ₂ concentration by the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 shown in FIG. Although there is a problem in (relative change), the absolute value of the number of people can be captured almost accurately. That is, it can be seen that the first calculated value and the second calculated value have advantages and disadvantages that are contradictory to each other.

Therefore, the microcomputer 100 of the data processing device 40 according to the first embodiment uses the occupancy (first calculated value) calculated based on the human sensor 1 and the CO ₂ sensor to increase the occupancy calculation accuracy. 20 and the number of people (second calculated value) calculated based on the CO ₂ concentration by the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21, and one of them is selected at each time and output as the final result of calculating the number of people doing.

Next, a method for appropriately selecting the first calculated value and the second calculated value in combination will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a flow of selecting and determining the final number of people from the first calculated value and the second calculated value in the number counting system according to the embodiment of the present invention. The calculation of the number of people (first calculated value) based on the human sensor 1 and the calculation of the number of people (second calculated value) based on the CO ₂ concentration by the CO ₂ sensor 20 and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 are as follows: Each is performed in parallel at different time intervals. Since the flow of calculating the number of people (second calculated value) based on the CO ₂ concentration is as described above, the description is omitted here. As an outline of the flow, the first calculated value and the second calculated value are calculated in parallel, and the first calculated value is preferentially selected as the final number of people at each time and the first When there is no change in the calculated value, the second calculated value is selected, the final occupancy is determined and output to the outside. Note that the calculation of the first calculation value and the second calculation value is not necessarily different time intervals, and may be the same time interval. Each time interval may be determined as appropriate.

Details of the flow for selecting and determining the final number of people from the first calculated value and the second calculated value will be described. In FIG. 8, it is determined whether or not a person passing by the human sensor 1 is detected in S1, and if detected, the process proceeds to S2, and in S2, the human sensor 1a and the human sensor 1b are passing from the detection timing. It is determined whether the person is entering the space 2 or exiting, and if it is the entering direction, the process proceeds to S3, and the first calculated value that is the previous number of people stored in the memory 70 is read, and the value 1 is added, and the process proceeds to S7, where the first calculated value obtained by adding in S6 is set as the first calculated value at the current time T and stored in the memory 70 together with the current time T.

On the other hand, if it is not detected in S1, the process proceeds to S5, the first calculated value that is the previous number of people stored in the memory 70 is called, “0” is added to the value, and the process proceeds to S7. Similarly remember. If the passing person is in the direction of exiting in S2, the process proceeds to S6, where the first calculated value, which is the previous number of people stored in the memory 70, is read, and "1" is subtracted from that value. Go to step 70 and store in the memory 70 in the same manner.

In S8, is the current latest first calculated value (first calculated value at time T) consecutively the same as the immediately preceding first calculated value (first previous calculated value)? If it is continuously the same, the process proceeds to S9. In S9, the time T ′ of the first data (most past data) of the data group in which the first calculated value shows the same value continuously from the present is read, and the process proceeds to S10. In S10, it is determined whether or not the time difference between the time T and the time T ′ is greater than or equal to a predetermined time interval t3. If it is greater than or equal to t3, the process proceeds to S11. In S11, data is read from the memory 71 in which the second calculated value calculated from the CO ₂ concentration separately implemented is stored, and the CO ₂ concentration value (detection value) within the range from time T ′ to time T is read. In step S12, it is determined whether the moving average process has been performed and the second calculated value has been calculated. If it has been calculated even once, the process proceeds to S12. In S12, the first calculated value at time T stored in the memory 70 is overwritten and saved with the latest second calculated value, and the process proceeds to S13. In S13, the latest second calculated value is selected as the final number of people, and the process proceeds to S15. In S15, the number of people selected and determined is output to the outside, and the process returns to S1.

On the other hand, if the conditions are not satisfied in S8, S10, or S11, the process proceeds to S14. In S14, the current latest first calculated value (first calculated value at time T) is the final number of people. The process proceeds to S15. In S15, the number of people selected and determined in the same manner is output to the outside.

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing a comparison between the number of people finally calculated along the flow shown in FIG. 8 and the actual number of people in the experiment conducted using the number counting system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is. The predetermined sampling time interval t1 is t1 = 1 minute. In the moving average process, t2 is 5 minutes, and the predetermined time t3 is t3 = 5 minutes. As shown in FIG. 9, the finally calculated number of people and the actual number of people are in good agreement with both the overall change and the change in a short time. It can be seen that the calculation can be performed by taking the number of people present.

For the time interval t1, the time interval t2, and the time interval t3, predetermined values are stored in advance in the data processing device 40. However, the usage environment, the detection accuracy of the human sensor 1, the CO ₂ concentration value (detection) Value) can be appropriately set or adjusted according to the detection accuracy of the value), and can be arbitrarily input and changed from the outside by the time interval input means 33 provided in the data processing device 40. Can be optimized.

In the first embodiment, regarding the method of correcting by combining the first calculated value and the second calculated value, either the first calculated value or the second calculated value is set for each time. Although the method of selecting and outputting as the final number of people has been shown, depending on the performance of the human sensor 1, the CO ₂ sensor 20, and the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 or the environment of the space 2, the first calculated value and the first A correction for calculating a new third calculated value based on the second calculated value is also conceivable.

According to the person counting system having the above configuration, a human sensor 1 that detects a person entering and exiting the space 2 provided near the entrance 3 of the space 2 through which people enter and exit, and a CO ₂ concentration in the space 2 are detected. A CO ₂ sensor 20, and the number of persons (first calculated value) in the space 2 calculated based on the count of people entering and leaving the space 2 obtained from the human sensor 1, and the CO ₂ sensor 20. The number of persons is calculated based on different information / means of the number of persons in the space 2 (second calculated value) calculated based on the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2, and the first calculated value and the second Since the final number of people can be calculated based on the calculated value, the calculation accuracy can be easily improved with a simple configuration.

  In addition, since one of the first calculated value and the second calculated value is selected and determined as the final number of people, the highly reliable calculated value of the first calculated value and the second calculated value is determined. Selection can be made for each time, and the calculation accuracy can be easily improved with a simple configuration. Furthermore, since the volume input means 30 for arbitrarily inputting the volume value of the space 2 from the outside is provided, the second calculated value can be accurately calculated corresponding to the volume of the actual space 2.

In addition, as the final number of people in the space 2, the first calculated value is preferentially selected to determine the number of people in the space 2, and the first calculated value changes even after a predetermined time has elapsed. If there is no, the number of people in the space 2 is determined by selecting the latest second calculated value at that time. The first calculated value calculated based on the human sensor 1 that can capture changes (relative changes in the number of people in a short time) almost accurately and changes in the number of people in and out in a short time (relative to the number of people in a short time) Although there is a problem in (change), the advantages of each of the second calculated values calculated using the CO2 concentration in space 2 that can capture the absolute value of the number of people almost accurately can be compensated for each other. The number of people can be calculated with very high accuracy.

In addition, a memory for storing the first calculated value is provided, and the calculating unit 100 determines the number of people and the entering / exiting direction (entry / exiting direction) based on the detection value of the human sensor 1, and determines the addition / subtraction value. In the memory 70, the new first calculated value calculated by performing addition / subtraction using the aforementioned addition / subtraction value to the immediately preceding first calculation value already stored in the memory 70 is stored. The priority is selected to determine the number of people in the space 2, and if the first calculated value does not change even after a predetermined time has passed, the latest second calculated value at that time is selected. In addition, the number of people in the space 2 is determined and the latest first calculated value stored in the memory is overwritten and saved with the latest second calculated value. By taking advantage of the value, it can be compensated by compensating for the shortcoming. Absolute value of the calculated values can be corrected very can be calculated well resident number of precision.

Further, the calculation means 100 performs an average process or a moving average process on the value of the CO ₂ concentration detected by the CO ₂ sensor 20, and performs a second calculation based on the value of the CO ₂ concentration after the average process or after the moving average process. In addition to calculating the value, the first calculated value is preferentially selected and the number of people in the space 2 is determined, and even if the first calculated value does not change even after a predetermined time has passed, it is within the predetermined time. When the second calculated value is calculated based on the detected CO ₂ concentration, the latest second calculated value within a predetermined time is selected to determine the number of people in the space 2, and the memory Since the latest first calculated value stored in 70 is overwritten and saved with the latest second calculated value within a predetermined time, individual variations of the second calculated value are suppressed, and the calculation accuracy of the absolute value is improved. Furthermore, when there is little short-time change in the first calculated value, The first calculation value can be overwritten and corrected with the second calculation value having a high calculation accuracy of the paired value, and the first calculation value can be corrected while minimizing the correction error due to the fluctuation of the first calculation value. Therefore, although there is a problem with the absolute value of the occupancy, the first calculated based on the human sensor 1 that can capture a change in the entry / exit in a short time (relative change in the occupancy in a short time) almost accurately. Although there is a problem with the calculated value and the change in the entry and exit in a short time (relative change in the number of people in a short time), it is based on the CO ₂ concentration in the space 2 that can capture the absolute value of the number of people almost accurately. The occupancy can be calculated more accurately using the calculated second calculated value.

In addition, since CO ₂ generation amount input means 32 that can arbitrarily input information on the amount of CO ₂ generated by a person from the outside is provided, it is generated from a person according to the activity status of the person in the space 2. The second calculated value can be calculated using the value of the CO ₂ generation amount, and the second calculated value can be calculated accurately corresponding to various spaces 2 to calculate the number of people.

Also, an air supply duct 11 that supplies air outside the space 2 into the space 2, an exhaust duct 12 that exhausts air from the space 2 to the outside of the space 2, and air that passes through the air supply duct 11 and the exhaust duct 12. Since the air amount input means 31 capable of arbitrarily inputting information on the amount (ventilation air amount) from the outside is provided, the second calculated value can be calculated even if the space 2 is ventilated. Moreover, since it can input arbitrarily, a 2nd calculation value can be calculated correctly corresponding to the air volume (ventilation air volume), and the number of persons can be calculated.

In addition, since the outside air CO ₂ sensor 21 that detects the CO ₂ concentration of the supply air that supplies air from outside the space 2 to the space 2 is provided, the CO ₂ concentration of the supply air that is supplied changes. Also, the second calculation value can be accurately calculated in response to the change, and the number of people can be calculated.

Further, since the communication means for outputting the number of people in the space 2 calculated by the calculation means 100 to the outside is provided, the data on the number of people in real time is transmitted to an external management system or the like via the network line 52 or wireless communication. It can be transmitted to the necessary places and can contribute to energy saving and security.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Human sensor 1a Human sensor 1b Human sensor 2 Space 3 Entrance / exit 10 Ventilator 11 Air supply duct (air supply path)
11a Air supply duct (air supply path)
11b Air supply duct (air supply path)
12 Exhaust duct (exhaust passage)
12a Exhaust duct (exhaust passage)
12b Exhaust duct (exhaust passage)
13 Outer air inlet 14 Inner air inlet 15 Inner exhaust port 16 Outer exhaust port 20 CO ₂ sensor 21 Outside air CO ₂ sensor 30 Volume input means 31 Air amount input means 32 CO ₂ generation amount input means 33 Time interval input means 40 Data Processing device 50 Signal line 51 Signal line 52 Network line (communication means)
70 Memory 71 Memory 100 Microcomputer (Calculation means)
110 Management system

Claims (11)

A motion sensor for detecting a person in and out of the space provided on the entrance near the space where people enter and exit, and CO ₂ sensor for detecting the CO ₂ concentration in the space, the detection signal and the from the human sensor A person counting system comprising: a calculating means for calculating the number of persons in the space based on a CO ₂ concentration detected by a CO ₂ sensor. Volume input means for arbitrarily inputting the volume value of the space from the outside,
The calculation means calculates a first calculated value as the number of persons in the space based on a detection signal from the human sensor, and is input by the CO ₂ concentration detected by the CO ₂ sensor and the volume input means. A second calculated value is calculated as the number of people in the space based on a volume value, and the number of people in the space is calculated based on the first calculated value and the second calculated value at each time. The person counting system according to claim 1. The person counting according to claim 2, wherein the calculating means determines the number of persons in the space by selecting one of the first calculated value and the second calculated value at each time. system. The calculation means preferentially selects the first calculated value to determine the number of people in the space, and when the first calculated value has not changed even after a predetermined time, 4. The number counting system according to claim 3, wherein the number of persons in the space is determined by selecting the latest second calculated value at that time. A memory for storing the first calculated value,
The calculation means determines the addition / subtraction value by judging the number of people and the entry / exit direction based on the detection value of the human sensor, and adds the addition / subtraction value to the first calculation value immediately before being stored in the memory. Saving the new first calculated value calculated by performing addition / subtraction using the memory and preferentially selecting the new first calculated value to determine the number of persons in the space; If the calculated value does not change even after the predetermined time has elapsed, the latest calculated second value at that time is selected to determine the number of people in the space and stored in the memory. 5. The number counting system according to claim 4, wherein the latest calculated first value is overwritten with the latest calculated second value. The calculation means performs an average process or a moving average process on the value of the CO ₂ concentration detected by the CO ₂ sensor, and the second calculated value based on the value of the CO ₂ concentration after the average process or after the moving average process. And the first calculated value is selected with priority to determine the number of people in the space, and the first calculated value remains unchanged even after the predetermined time has elapsed and the predetermined time If the second calculated value is calculated on the basis of the CO ₂ concentration detected within, the latest calculated second value within the predetermined time is selected to determine the number of people in the space 6. The number counting system according to claim 5, wherein the latest first calculated value stored in the memory is overwritten and saved with the latest second calculated value within the predetermined time. . CO ₂ generation amount input means for arbitrarily inputting information of human CO ₂ generation amount from the outside,
It said calculation means, first on the basis of the CO CO ₂ concentration detected by the _second sensor, wherein the volume is input by the input means the volume value and the amount of CO ₂ produced human input by the input means CO ₂ generation amount of information The number calculation system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein two calculated values are calculated. An air supply path for supplying air outside the space into the space, an exhaust path for exhausting the air in the space out of the space, and information on the amount of air passing through the air supply path and the exhaust path. An air amount input means for arbitrarily inputting from the outside, and the calculation means is input by the CO ₂ concentration detected by the CO ₂ sensor, the volume value input by the volume input means, and the air amount input means. The number-of-people counting system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the second calculated value is calculated on the basis of the air amount information. An air supply path for supplying air outside the space into the space, an exhaust path for exhausting air in the space to the outside of the space, and air supplied from outside through the air supply path and a fresh air CO ₂ sensor for detecting the CO ₂ concentration, said calculation means is input by said CO CO ₂ concentration detected by the _second sensor, the outside air CO ₂ CO ₂ concentration detected by the sensor and the volume input means The number-of-people counting system according to claim 2, wherein the second calculated value is calculated based on the volume value. An air supply path for supplying air outside the space into the space, an exhaust path for exhausting air in the space to the outside of the space, and air supplied from outside through the air supply path An outside air CO ₂ sensor for detecting the CO ₂ concentration, an air amount input means for arbitrarily inputting information on the amount of air passing through the air supply passage and the exhaust passage from the outside, and information on the amount of human CO ₂ generated from the outside and a CO ₂ generation amount input unit 32 for inputting an arbitrary, the calculation unit, the CO CO ₂ concentration detected by the _second sensor, CO ₂ concentration detected by said outside air CO ₂ sensor is input by said volume input means Calculating a second calculated value based on the volume value, the air amount information input by the air amount input means, and the human CO ₂ generation amount information input by the CO ₂ generation amount input means. Features and The person counting system according to any one of claims 2 to 6. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a communication unit that outputs the number of people in the space calculated by the calculation unit to the outside.

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