JP2014147509A - Cleaning method and cleaning device for object to be cleaned - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance a removal effect of chemicals from an object to be cleaned, and enhance a cleaning/removing effect without altering chemicals.SOLUTION: A cleaning method for an object to be cleaned includes: (ST1) storing, in a cleaning container, a cleaning liquid and an object to be cleaned, to which chemicals adhere; (ST2) storing the cleaning container where the cleaning liquid and the object to be cleaned, to which the chemicals adhere, are stored, in a pressure container formed so as to be filled with a pressure transmitting liquid therein; and (ST3) applying a pressure to the pressure transmitting liquid and performing a hydrostatic pressure treatment of transmitting a pressure of the extent of not altering the object to be cleaned, to the cleaning liquid and the object to be cleaned, to which the chemicals adhere, by applying a pressure to the pressure transmitting liquid followed by pressing the cleaning container evenly from a three-dimensional direction by the pressurized pressure transmitting liquid, and weakening a mutual action between the chemicals and a surface of an agricultural product accompanying hydration to the chemicals and expansion of a hydration surface area so as to remove the chemicals from the agricultural product.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for cleaning an object to be cleaned.
In particular, the present invention relates to a method for cleaning an object to be cleaned that effectively cleans chemicals such as agricultural chemicals without causing deformation or denaturation (degeneration) of the agricultural product that is the object to be cleaned.

In recent years, the use of agricultural chemicals has become stricter in the cultivation of agricultural products.
Consumers' demand for food safety and security is further increasing. In addition to restricting the amount of agricultural chemicals used, the method for analyzing the amount of agricultural chemicals attached to agricultural products by a simple and quick method, and attaching to agricultural products. There is a need for a method for cleaning and removing pesticides.

  Methods for cleaning and removing agricultural chemicals attached to agricultural products include cleaning with a detergent such as a surfactant, decomposing and removing agricultural chemicals using an oxidative degradation reaction with ozone water or ozone bubbles, and applying ultrasonic waves. The method of cleaning is reported.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a method for cleaning agricultural products using a cleaning agent.
A cleaning liquid 41 in which a cleaning agent such as a surfactant is mixed is accommodated in the cleaning container 40.
The agricultural product 20 to which the agricultural chemical is attached is immersed in the cleaning liquid 41, the agricultural chemical is removed, and the agricultural product 20 is cleaned.
In this method, the cleaning effect is not sufficient, the load of the cleaning agent on the environment is large, and further, the cleaning agent may remain on the agricultural product and the quality of the agricultural product may be greatly deteriorated.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a method for cleaning agricultural products using ozone water.
Ozone water 51 is accommodated in the cleaning container 50. The ozone water 51 is circulated through the pipes 52 a and 52 b by the pump 52, ozone is supplied from the ozone generator 53 in the middle of the circulation path, and is pressurized by the pump 52 so that the ozone is sufficiently dissolved in the water in the tank 54. , And discharged into the cleaning container 50 from the nozzle 55.
There is also a configuration in which ozone bubbles are discharged into the ozone water 51.
In the above configuration, the agricultural product 20 to which the agricultural chemical is attached is immersed in the ozone water 51 in the cleaning container 50, the agricultural chemical is oxidatively decomposed, and the agricultural product 20 is cleaned.
In this method, the cleaning effect is not sufficient, and furthermore, the agricultural chemicals may be altered by reaction with ozone, and the quality of agricultural products may be greatly degraded.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for cleaning agricultural products using ultrasonic waves.
A cleaning liquid 61 is accommodated in the ultrasonic cleaning device 60.
An ultrasonic wave is applied to the cleaning liquid 61 in a state where the agricultural product 20 to which the agricultural chemical is attached is immersed in the cleaning liquid 61, and the agricultural product 20 is cleaned by removing the agricultural chemical.
The effect of cleaning is not sufficient, and further, the application of ultrasonic waves may alter the agricultural chemicals and may greatly deteriorate the quality of agricultural products.

Regarding a method for cleaning and removing agricultural chemicals adhering to agricultural products, Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus for cleaning food with pressure water.
In the above apparatus, food is washed with water sprayed under pressure, and the effect of removing agricultural chemicals adhering to the surface of the food is not sufficient.

JP 09-201294 A

From the above, it is desired to effectively remove agricultural chemicals attached to agricultural products.
As mentioned above, although the agricultural product to which agricultural chemicals adhered was described, it is desired to remove effectively the chemical | medical agent adhering to to-be-washed object, such as removing the chemical | medical agent adhering to foodstuff.

  As a result of diligent research, the inventors of the present invention transmitted pressure to a cleaning liquid contained in a cleaning container and an object to be cleaned such as agricultural products to which chemicals such as agricultural chemicals adhered, and hydrated the chemicals such as agricultural chemicals and the surface area of hydration. As the expansion increases, the interaction between the drug and the surface of the object to be cleaned is weakened to increase the effect of removing the drug from the object to be cleaned, and the above problems can be solved, and the present invention has been completed. It was.

  That is, the method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to the present invention includes a step of storing the cleaning liquid and the object to be cleaned attached in a cleaning container, and the inside is filled with a pressure transmission liquid, and pressure can be applied to the pressure transmission liquid A step of storing the cleaning container in which the cleaning liquid and the object to be cleaned attached are stored in a pressure container configured as described above; and applying pressure to the pressure transmission liquid, The hydrostatic pressure treatment is performed by pressing the pressure transmission liquid evenly from the dimensional direction to transmit the pressure so that the cleaning object does not change to the cleaning object to which the cleaning liquid and the chemical have adhered, A step of weakening the interaction between the drug and the surface of the produce with hydration to the drug and increasing the hydrated surface area, and removing the drug from the produce.

  In the method for cleaning an object to be cleaned of the present invention, preferably, in the step of removing the drug from the agricultural product, a pressure of 25 to 100 MPa is applied to the pressure transmission liquid.

  In the above-described method for cleaning an object to be cleaned of the present invention, preferably, the cleaning liquid is water.

  In the above-described method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to the present invention, preferably, the cleaning liquid contains water and alcohol.

  In the above-described method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to the present invention, the content of the alcohol in the cleaning liquid is preferably 10% by weight or less.

  The above-described method for cleaning an object to be cleaned of the present invention preferably further includes a step of recovering the drug from the cleaning liquid after the step of removing the drug from the object to be cleaned.

  In addition, the cleaning apparatus for an object to be cleaned according to the present invention includes a pressure container, an object to be cleaned, a cleaning liquid stored therein, a cleaning container stored in the pressure container, and a pressure transmission applied to the pressure container. A pressure transmission liquid injection section for injecting the liquid, and presses the cleaning container with the pressurized pressure transmission liquid evenly from the three-dimensional direction to perform the hydrostatic pressure treatment of the object to be cleaned.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the removal effect from the to-be-cleaned thing of a chemical | medical agent can be heightened, and the effect which carries out washing | cleaning removal without changing a chemical | medical agent can be heightened.

Fig.1 (a) is the schematic of the washing | cleaning apparatus of the agricultural products which concern on embodiment of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pressure vessel. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for cleaning agricultural products according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the pressure dependence of the hardness of the agricultural product when the agricultural product according to the first embodiment of the present invention is hydrostatically treated. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the amount of residual pesticide when the agricultural product according to the first embodiment of the present invention is hydrostatically treated. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are graphs showing the pressure dependence of the amount of residual agricultural chemicals when the agricultural products according to the first embodiment of the present invention are hydrostatically treated. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the pressure dependence of the amount of pesticide residue when the agricultural product according to the first embodiment of the present invention is hydrostatically treated. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the agricultural chemical removal rate when the agricultural products according to the first embodiment of the present invention are subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the pressure dependence of the agricultural chemical removal rate when the agricultural products according to the second embodiment of the present invention are subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the processing dependency of the agrochemical removal rate according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the pressure dependence of the hardness of the agricultural product when the agricultural product according to the third embodiment of the present invention is hydrostatically treated. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the agricultural chemical removal rate when the agricultural products according to the third embodiment of the present invention are hydrostatically treated. FIG. 12 is a graph showing the processing dependency of the agrochemical removal rate according to the third example of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the agricultural chemical removal rate when the agricultural products according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention are subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment. FIG. 14 is a graph showing the pressure dependence of the agricultural chemical removal rate when the agricultural products according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention are hydrostatically treated. FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of an agricultural product cleaning apparatus according to the prior art using a cleaning agent. FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of an agricultural product cleaning apparatus according to the prior art using ozone water. FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of an agricultural product cleaning apparatus according to the prior art using ultrasonic waves.

  Embodiments of a cleaning apparatus and a cleaning method for an object to be cleaned according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[Schematic configuration of agricultural product cleaning equipment]
The cleaning apparatus and the cleaning method for an object to be cleaned according to this embodiment are a cleaning apparatus and a cleaning method for cleaning agricultural chemicals attached to agricultural products.
Fig.1 (a) is the schematic of the washing | cleaning apparatus of the agricultural products based on this embodiment, FIG.1 (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pressure vessel.
The cleaning apparatus is a pressure vessel 10 schematically illustrating the internal configuration in FIG. 1B and a pressure transmission fluid injection section that injects the pressure transmission fluid 11 pressurized through the pipe 31 into the pressure vessel 10. A pressure pump, for example, a hand (manual) pump 30 and a pressure gauge 32 for measuring the pressure of the pressurized pressure transmission liquid 11 are provided.
The cleaning device preferably further includes a constant temperature water circulation device 33 for circulating the pressure transmission liquid 11 in the pressure vessel 10 at a constant temperature, and makes the temperature of the pressure transmission liquid 11 in the pressure vessel 10 constant. Can be maintained.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the pressure vessel 10 contains an agricultural product 20 as an example of an object to be cleaned, for example, a cherry tomato, and a cleaning container 12 in which a cleaning liquid 13 is stored. 12 is pressed (pressurized) by the pressurized pressure transmission liquid 11 evenly from the three-dimensional direction, and the hydrostatic pressure treatment of the agricultural products is performed.

[Washing container]
The cleaning container 12 is not particularly limited as long as the pressure outside the cleaning container 12 can be transmitted to the inside. The cleaning container 12 may have a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, or a bag shape, such as a poly bag with a chuck. be able to.

[How to wash agricultural products]
A method for cleaning agricultural products according to this embodiment using the cleaning apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for cleaning agricultural products according to this embodiment.
First, for example, the cleaning liquid and the agricultural product (object to be cleaned) to which the agricultural chemical (drug) is attached are accommodated in a cleaning container capable of transmitting external pressure to the inside (ST1).
Next, for example, a cleaning container in which a cleaning liquid and agricultural products to which agricultural chemicals are attached is contained in a pressure container configured to be filled with a pressure transmission liquid such as water and to apply pressure to the pressure transmission liquid. Accommodates (ST2).
Next, for example, pressure is applied to the pressure transmission liquid, and hydrostatic pressure treatment is performed to transmit the pressure so that the cleaning liquid and the agricultural products to which the agricultural chemicals are attached do not alter the agricultural products. Accordingly, the interaction between the agricultural chemical and the surface of the agricultural product is weakened, and the agricultural chemical is removed from the agricultural product (ST3).

[To be cleaned]
Agricultural products that are examples of items to be cleaned by the agricultural product cleaning method according to the present embodiment include smooth vegetables such as cherry tomatoes, leafy vegetables such as brussels sprouts inside, or other states of leafy vegetables It can be applied to vegetables with complex shapes and difficult to wash, such as vegetables with large irregularities on the surface, such as mulberry and strawberry.

[Pesticides washed from agricultural products]
Since hydrophilic pesticides can be easily washed and removed by washing with water, the pesticides to be specifically removed by the agricultural product washing method of the present embodiment are hydrophobic pesticides that are difficult to wash away with water. It is thought that hydrophobic interaction acts between the hydrophobic pesticide and the surface of the agricultural product, and the pesticide shows persistence.
Examples of hydrophobic pesticides include cholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorus insecticides (chlorpyrifos: hereinafter referred to as CP). CP has a molecular weight of 350.6, a solubility in water of 1.4 mg / L, and an octanol water partition coefficient of 4.7 to 5.3.
The agricultural product washing method of the present embodiment is also applicable to hydrophobic pesticides other than CP.

[Cleaning liquid]
The cleaning liquid 13 is a liquid that is pressurized and transmits pressure to an object to be cleaned such as the agricultural product 20, and is capable of cleaning and removing chemicals from the agricultural product by transmitting pressure. Can be used.
A sufficiently high cleaning effect can be obtained without using a cleaning agent such as a surfactant, and the cleaning process can be performed without leaving the cleaning agent or the like in the agricultural product.

A cleaning liquid containing water and alcohol can also be preferably used as the cleaning liquid. The alcohol content in the cleaning liquid is preferably 10% by weight or less.
For example, ethanol can be used as the alcohol.
By using a cleaning liquid containing alcohol, the cleaning effect can be further enhanced.

  Furthermore, it is also possible to add a cleaning agent such as a trace amount of surfactant that does not remain in agricultural products.

[Pressure transfer fluid]
The pressure transmission liquid 11 is not particularly limited as long as the pressure transmission liquid 11 is pressurized and transmits the pressure to the cleaning container 12. For example, water can be used.

[Mechanism for cleaning and removing pesticides]
When the pressure in the pressure vessel is increased, the equilibrium proceeds in such a direction that the volume of the liquid in the pressure vessel and the volume of the cleaning solution in the washing vessel are reduced according to Le Chatelier's law. There are several processes in the rapid reaction of volume reduction. The water molecules having the highest abundance ratio among the liquid in the pressure vessel and the cleaning liquid will be described below.
Le Chatelier's law is a phenomenon in which, in a reaction system in an equilibrium state, when temperature, pressure, concentration, etc. change, the equilibrium moves in a direction that cancels the change.

The aggregate of water molecules has a property that the volume is reduced when it becomes so-called combined water arranged around agricultural chemicals or proteins, rather than existing as free water.
For example, assuming that the volume of free water is 100, the volume of ice water is 109, the volume of water around ions called electrocondensation is 83 to 88, and around the polar group such as hydrogen-bonded water. The volume of water is 89 to 94, and the volume of water around a nonpolar group called hydrophobic hydration is 89 to 94.
When hydrostatic pressure treatment is applied to increase the pressure in the pressure vessel by applying pressure to the liquid, the entire system works to increase the amount of bound water as much as possible. Phenomenon of weakening of the interaction between the surface of agricultural products and agricultural products occurs, and it is possible to remove and reduce pesticide residues.
At this time, the agricultural chemical is dissolved in the cleaning liquid, and the concentration of the agricultural chemical in the cleaning liquid increases. Agrochemicals can be recovered by recovering the cleaning liquid.
Hydrophobic interactions tend to be weak at low temperatures, but can be weakened by hydrostatic pressure treatment, and pesticides can be removed even at low temperatures.

[Hydrostatic pressure]
The pressure (hydrostatic pressure) applied to the pressure transmission liquid in the pressure vessel is a pressure that does not alter the agricultural products, and is, for example, 25 to 100 MPa. If it is less than 25 MPa or more than 100 MPa, the cleaning effect is reduced, which is not preferable. Moreover, when it exceeds 100 MPa, the structure of the agricultural product is destroyed, the agricultural product is denatured and approaches the state of being cooked, and the freshness of the agricultural product may be lost.
The hydrostatic pressure is preferably 50 to 75 MPa, and a high cleaning effect can be obtained in this pressure range.

[Hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature]
The temperature (hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature) of the liquid in the pressure vessel and the cleaning liquid in the cleaning vessel accommodated in the pressure vessel is, for example, 5 ° C. to 25 ° C. (normal temperature). Higher temperatures can result in the loss of fresh produce.

[Hydrostatic pressure treatment time]
The hydrostatic pressure treatment time is, for example, about 30 minutes to 24 hours. The longer the treatment time, the higher the cleaning effect of the pesticide, but the high cleaning effect can be realized even in a short time of about 30 minutes by adjusting the pressure condition.

In the agricultural product cleaning method of the present embodiment, it is also possible to preferably recover the agricultural chemical from the cleaning liquid after the step of removing the agricultural chemical from the agricultural product.
Since the cleaning process is batch-type, and the cleaning liquid from which the agricultural chemicals are cleaned in each batch can be collected, the agricultural chemicals can be processed without being discarded or diffused.

According to the agricultural product cleaning method of the present embodiment, the effect of cleaning and removing the agricultural chemicals adhering to the surface of the agricultural product can be enhanced.
In addition, it is possible to prevent deterioration of agricultural products such as loss of freshness of agricultural products.
Moreover, it is possible to wash away the agricultural chemicals adhering to the surface of the agricultural products without changing them to toxic substances.
In addition, the agrochemical can be collected and processed without being discarded or diffused.

<First embodiment>
(1) Pesticides / samples: Chlorpyrifos (CP), which is a hydrophobic pesticide, was selected from among agricultural chemicals frequently used for various agricultural crops, and cherry tomatoes were selected as agricultural products.
(2) Pesticide attachment and hydrostatic pressure treatment: A cherry tomato was dipped in a CP solution adjusted to 500 ppm in advance for 1 minute and taken out, and air-dried for 24 hours to prepare a CP-attached cherry tomato. The sample was placed in a plastic bag with a chuck, filled with pure water, and subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment at 25 to 400 MPa, 5 ° C. or 25 ° C., and a holding time of 30 minutes to 24 hours.
(3) Pesticide extraction and analysis: After high-pressure treatment, extraction / purification operation is performed, and the obtained sample is analyzed by GC (gas chromatography) / MS (mass spectrometry). The removal rate of pesticides was determined.
(4) The color of cherry tomatoes when hydrostatic pressure treatment is performed at two hydrostatic pressure temperatures of 5 ° C. and 25 ° C. and the pressure is changed to 0.1, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, 300, 400 MPa. We investigated the pressure dependency of the shape and hardness, and the pressure dependency of the amount of pesticide residue.

When the color and shape of cherry tomatoes were visually confirmed at the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperatures of 5 ° C. and 25 ° C. at the above-mentioned hydrostatic pressure treatments, no change was confirmed.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the pressure dependence of the hardness of cherry tomatoes when the cherry tomatoes according to the first example are hydrostatically treated.
Regarding the hardness, it was found that the hardness was 2 to 10% up to 100 MPa and no significant change from the untreated one, but the hardness was reduced to 30 to 70% at 200 MPa. The temperature showed a value closer to the untreated hardness at 5 ° C. than at 25 ° C.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the amount of residual pesticide when the cherry tomato according to the first example is hydrostatically treated. In the figure, N is the amount of pesticide residue in unwashed cherry tomatoes, and R is the amount of pesticide residue in cherry tomatoes washed with water.
When the hydrostatic pressure was less than 25 MPa and more than 100 MPa, the cleaning effect was small, but a high cleaning effect could be obtained in the range of 25 to 100 MPa. In particular, a higher cleaning effect can be obtained in a relatively low pressure range of 50 to 100 MPa. In particular, at a low pressure of 75 MPa, the amount of residual agricultural chemicals was the smallest in both cases of 5 ° C and 25 ° C.
Moreover, when 5 degreeC and 25 degreeC are compared, the direction of 5 degreeC has little amount of residual agricultural chemicals. The reason is presumed that the lower the temperature, the weaker the hydrophobic interaction. Moreover, it turned out that the amount of residual agricultural chemicals decreases in the range of 50-100 MPa.
Furthermore, at a pressure of 75 MPa, it was found that the cleaning liquid has a small difference in the amount of residual agricultural chemicals between 5 ° C. and 25 ° C., and the temperature dependence of the cleaning liquid can be reduced. That is, under this condition, a normal temperature cleaning liquid can be used, and a constant temperature water circulation device is unnecessary.
As described above, the method of the present invention is easy to implement and does not require specially complicated and sophisticated equipment.

In addition, the amount of pesticide in the cleaning solution in the cleaning container was examined to confirm whether the pesticide was really removed from the cherry tomato.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are graphs showing the pressure dependence of the amount of residual pesticide when the cherry tomato according to the first example is hydrostatically treated.
In each figure, a (● solid line) is the amount of pesticide residue on the surface of cherry tomatoes, b (● broken line) is the amount of pesticide in the cleaning liquid in the cleaning container, and c (■) is the total.
When the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature is 5 ° C. and 25 ° C., a high cleaning effect can be obtained in the range of 25 to 100 MPa, and in particular, a higher cleaning effect can be obtained in the range of 50 to 100 MPa. The amount of pesticide residue was small. The removal rate was maximum at 75 MPa for both temperatures of 5 ° C. and 25 ° C., and the combination of 75 MPa and 5 ° C. had the highest agricultural chemical removal rate (76%).
When the amount of pesticide residue in cherry tomatoes decreases, the amount of pesticide in the cleaning solution in the cleaning container increases, the total amount of pesticide residue on the surface of the product and the amount of pesticide in the cleaning solution becomes almost constant, and pesticides are removed from cherry tomatoes. It was confirmed that it was moved into the cleaning liquid.

In addition, in order to check whether pesticides have penetrated into cherry tomatoes by hydrostatic pressure treatment, the amount of pesticide residue in the skin part of cherry tomatoes and the amount of pesticide residue in the flesh part are examined at a hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature of 25 ° C. It was.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the amount of residual pesticide when the cherry tomato according to the first example is hydrostatically treated.
In the figure, A is the skin portion, B is the pulp portion, and C is the amount of pesticide residue in the whole cherry tomato that is not separated into the skin and pulp. Here, N is the amount of residual pesticide in unwashed cherry tomatoes.
When the hydrostatic pressure was in the range of 300 MPa, it was confirmed that there was almost no penetration of agricultural chemicals into the inside of cherry tomatoes.

Moreover, the amount of residual agricultural chemicals when the hydrostatic pressure treatment time for cherry tomato was changed between 30 minutes and 24 hours was examined at a hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature of 25 ° C.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the pesticide removal rate when cherry tomatoes according to the first example are subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment.
The pesticide removal rate is the ratio of the residual pesticide amount of cherry tomatoes after washing to the residual pesticide amount of unwashed cherry tomatoes.
The longer the treatment time, the higher the cleaning effect of the agricultural chemical. However, by adjusting the pressure condition to 75 MPa, for example, a high cleaning effect could be realized even in a short time of about 30 minutes.

<Second embodiment>
In the same manner as in the first example, the agricultural product sample is cherry tomato, the evaluation target pesticide chlorpyrifos (CP), and the residual pesticide amount of uncleaned cherry tomato is 0.5 mg / kg. Attached so that the amount of agricultural chemicals.
Except for the above, the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature was set to 5 ° C. or 25 ° C., and the hydrostatic pressure was changed to 0.1, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, 300, 400 MPa as in the first embodiment. The pressure dependence of the pesticide removal rate when hydrostatic pressure treatment was performed was examined.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the pesticide removal rate when cherry tomatoes according to the second example are hydrostatically treated.
Even when the amount of residual agricultural chemical is low in the unwashed treatment, a high washing effect can be obtained in the range of 25 to 100 MPa when the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature is 5 ° C. and 25 ° C., and in particular, 75 MPa is the most agricultural chemical. The removal rate was high.

The pesticide removal rate by the cleaning method of cherry tomatoes of this example was compared with the pesticide removal rate by other cleaning methods.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the processing dependency of the agrochemical removal rate according to the second example.
The pesticide removal rate with respect to the amount of pesticide residue of low concentration where the amount of pesticide residue of unwashed cherry tomatoes is 0.5 mg / kg, R is washed with water for 15 seconds, 10% EtOH is 30% in 10% ethanol aqueous solution Immersion for 70 minutes, 70% EtOH for 30 minutes in 70% ethanol aqueous solution, U is the pesticide removal rate when performing ultrasonic cleaning at 38 kHz for 10 minutes, and these and the hydrostatic pressure treatment of this example It compared with the agrochemical removal rate when performing (75 MPa, 5 degreeC, 30 minutes).
It was confirmed that by performing the hydrostatic pressure treatment of this example, the pesticide removal rate can be increased by other cleaning methods.

<Third embodiment>
In the same manner as in the first example, the agricultural product sample was brussels sprouts, the evaluation pesticide chlorpyrifos (CP), and the residual pesticide amount of unwashed brussels sprouts was 1.0 mg / kg. It was attached so that it might become.
Except for the above, the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature was set to 5 ° C. or 25 ° C., and the hydrostatic pressure was changed to 0.1, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, 300, 400 MPa as in the first embodiment. The pressure dependence of the color, shape and hardness of brussels sprouts when subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment, and the pressure dependence of the amount of pesticide residue were investigated.

When the color and shape of the brussels sprouts at the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature of 5 ° C and 25 ° C at the above hydrostatic pressure treatment were visually confirmed, no change was confirmed.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the pressure dependence of the hardness of agricultural products when the Brussels sprouts according to the third example are hydrostatically treated.
Regarding the hardness, it was found that the hardness was 2 to 10% up to 100 MPa and no significant change from the untreated one, but the hardness was reduced to 30 to 70% at 200 MPa.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the pesticide removal rate when the Brussels sprouts according to the second example are subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment.
Even when the amount of residual agricultural chemical was low in the unwashed treatment, a high washing effect could be obtained in the range of 25 MPa or more when the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature was 5 ° C. and 25 ° C.

The pesticide removal rate by the cleaning method of Brussels sprouts of this example was compared with the pesticide removal rate by other cleaning methods.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the processing dependency of the agrochemical removal rate according to the second example.
Pesticide removal rate for low-concentration residual pesticide amount of 0.5 mg / kg of uncleaned Brussels sprouts is indicated by R, R for 15-second washing, P for peeling (removal of outermost leaves of Brussels sprouts) 10% EtOH is 30 minutes immersion in 10% ethanol aqueous solution, 70% EtOH is 30 minutes immersion in 70% ethanol aqueous solution, U is the pesticide removal rate when performing ultrasonic cleaning at 38 kHz for 10 minutes Yes, these were compared with the agrochemical removal rate when the hydrostatic pressure treatment (75 MPa, 5 ° C., 30 minutes) of this example was performed.
It was confirmed that by performing the hydrostatic pressure treatment of this example, the pesticide removal rate can be increased by other cleaning methods.
In particular, the brussels sprouts were in a state where the leaves were caught inside, but it was confirmed that the agricultural chemicals were also removed from the inside leaves. This is considered to be due to the action of hydrostatic pressure at a low pressure of, for example, about 75 MPa.

<Fourth embodiment>
In the same manner as in the first example, the agricultural product sample is cherry tomato, the evaluation target pesticide chlorpyrifos (CP), and the residual pesticide amount of uncleaned cherry tomato is 0.5 mg / kg. Attached so that the amount of agricultural chemicals.
Further, water ethanol containing 10% ethanol was used as a cleaning solution.
Except for the above, the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature was set to 5 ° C. or 25 ° C., and the hydrostatic pressure was changed to 0.1, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, 300, 400 MPa as in the first embodiment. The pressure dependence of the pesticide removal rate when hydrostatic pressure treatment was performed was examined.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the pesticide removal rate when cherry tomatoes according to the fourth example are subjected to hydrostatic pressure treatment.
By using aqueous ethanol containing 10% ethanol as the cleaning liquid, the cleaning removal rate could be further increased, and a high cleaning effect of almost 100% could be obtained particularly in the range of 75 to 100 MPa.

<Fifth embodiment>
In the same manner as in the first example, the agricultural product sample was brussels sprouts, the evaluation pesticide chlorpyrifos (CP), and the residual pesticide amount of unwashed brussels sprouts was 1.0 mg / kg. It was attached so that it might become.
Further, water ethanol containing 10% ethanol was used as a cleaning solution.
Except for the above, the hydrostatic pressure treatment temperature was set to 5 ° C. or 25 ° C., and the hydrostatic pressure was changed to 0.1, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, 300, 400 MPa as in the first embodiment. The pressure dependence of the pesticide removal rate when hydrostatic pressure treatment was performed was examined.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the pressure dependency of the pesticide removal rate when brussels sprouts according to the fifth example are hydrostatically treated.
By using aqueous ethanol containing 10% ethanol as the cleaning liquid, the cleaning removal rate could be further increased, and a high cleaning effect of almost 100% could be obtained particularly in the range of 25 MPa or more.

The present invention is not limited to the above description.
For example, agricultural products that are subject to washing are vegetables that have complex shapes and are difficult to wash, such as smooth vegetables such as cherry tomatoes, leafy vegetables such as brussels sprouts, and vegetables with large irregularities on the surface such as mulberries and strawberries. Applicable. Furthermore, it can be applied to objects to be cleaned such as foods other than agricultural products.
The cleaning treatment can also be applied to the removal of other chemicals besides pesticides. Furthermore, it can also be used for removing impurities such as fertilizers and dust attached to agricultural products.
The pressure transmission liquid filled in the pressure vessel may be other liquid besides water.
In addition, the hydrostatic pressure treatment is a batch process for each cleaning container, but a large number of cleaning containers can be processed at a time, and hydrostatic pressure processing is alternately performed on the plurality of cleaning containers in the pressure container. You may do it.
Moreover, the structure of a pressure vessel, etc. can be suitably changed based on the technical idea mentioned above.
In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Pressure container 11 ... Pressure transmission liquid 12 ... Cleaning container 13 ... Cleaning liquid 20 ... Agricultural product 30 ... Hand pump 31 ... Piping 32 ... Pressure gauge 33 ... Constant temperature water circulation device 40 ... Cleaning container 41 ... Cleaning liquid 50 ... Cleaning container 51 ... Ozone water 52 ... Pump 52a, 52b ... Piping 53 ... Ozone generator 54 ... Tank 55 ... Nozzle 60 ... Ultrasonic cleaning device 61 ... Cleaning liquid

Claims (7)

Storing the cleaning liquid and the object to be cleaned in the cleaning container;
The cleaning container in which the cleaning liquid and the object to be cleaned are stored is stored in a pressure container configured to be filled with a pressure transmission liquid and to apply pressure to the pressure transmission liquid. Process,
The object to be cleaned is applied to the object to be cleaned to which the cleaning liquid and the medicine are adhered by applying pressure to the pressure transmitting liquid and pressing the cleaning container uniformly from the three-dimensional direction with the pressurized pressure transmitting liquid. Hydrostatic pressure treatment that transmits a pressure that does not denature, weakens the interaction between the drug and the surface of the produce along with hydration to the drug and expansion of the hydrated surface area, A method for cleaning an object to be cleaned. The method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to claim 1, wherein, in the step of removing the medicine from the agricultural product, a pressure of 25 to 100 MPa is applied to the pressure transmission liquid. The method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning liquid is water. The method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning liquid contains water and alcohol. The method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to claim 4, wherein a content of the alcohol in the cleaning liquid is 10% by weight or less. The method for cleaning an object to be cleaned according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a step of recovering the drug from the cleaning liquid after the step of removing the drug from the object to be cleaned. A pressure vessel;
An object to be cleaned, a cleaning liquid stored therein, and a cleaning container stored in the pressure container;
A pressure transmission liquid injection part for injecting a pressurized pressure transmission liquid into the pressure vessel,
An apparatus for cleaning an object to be cleaned by performing a hydrostatic pressure treatment on the object to be cleaned by pressing the cleaning container with a pressurized pressure transmission liquid evenly from a three-dimensional direction.

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