JP2014139622A - Movable aerial image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of displaying a three-dimensional aerial image and a two-dimensional aerial image corresponding to an arbitrary cross section of the three-dimensional aerial image, in a state of being overlapped with each other.SOLUTION: An aerial display device X includes: a real mirror image forming optical system 2A capable of forming a three-dimensional image Ox at a plane-symmetric position with respect to a first element plane SA; a real mirror image forming optical system 2B capable of forming a two-dimensional image Oy at a plane-symmetric position with respect to a second element plane SB; a frame 6 movably disposed in observation space; detection means 7 for detecting frame information being information concerning a position or the like of the frame 6, in the observation space; and control means for, on the basis of the frame information detected by the detection means 7, moving a display 5 for two-dimensional images to a position where the two-dimensional image Oy displayed on a display surface 5a of the display 5 for two-dimensional images can be transmitted through the second element plane SB and formed in the frame 6 as a two-dimensional aerial image Py. A cross section image Oy is formed as the aerial image Py in the frame 6 located at a position overlapped with a three-dimensional aerial image Px.

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device that can display a stereoscopic aerial image without distortion and a planar aerial image corresponding to a part of the stereoscopic aerial image in the same space.

  In recent years, techniques for enabling viewing of stereoscopic images have been developed. For example, assuming that a convex lens or a concave mirror is used as the imaging optical system, a two-dimensional display capable of high-speed display is arranged inclined with respect to the optical axis of the optical system, and two-dimensional inclined with respect to the optical axis by a mirror scanner There has been proposed a stereoscopic display method of a three-dimensional image by a volume scanning method in which a three-dimensional image is formed by moving an image and displaying a cross-sectional image of a display object on a two-dimensional display accordingly (non-patent document). Reference 1). According to this method, since a three-dimensional real image is formed, a wearing object such as eyeglasses is unnecessary, and it can be said that it can satisfy all human stereoscopic perception factors.

  However, in the stereoscopic display method as disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, since many convex lenses and concave mirrors are used as an optical system, distortion occurs in the shape due to the aberration, and the localization is completely stabilized. It is difficult.

  On the other hand, the present inventor, as an equal-magnification imaging optical system, uses a real mirror image forming element (hereinafter referred to as “two surfaces” as necessary) which is an optical element provided with a number of two-surface corner reflectors composed of two mirror surfaces. (Referred to as "Corner Reflector Array") (see Patent Document 1) and a real mirror image forming optical system (see Patent Document 2) using a retroreflector array having a retroreflective function and a half mirror. These real mirror image-forming optical systems have no distortion as a real image at an equal magnification in a plane symmetric position with respect to a symmetry plane (element surface of the two-surface corner reflector array, half mirror surface) set on the projection object. If the projection object is two-dimensional, a two-dimensional real image can be observed. If the projection object is three-dimensional, a three-dimensional real image can be observed.

  Then, the present inventor has devised a three-dimensional aerial image display device based on volume scanning in order to provide a distortion-free aerial image display device to which each of the above-described real mirror image forming optical systems is applied (Patent Literature). 3). In this three-dimensional aerial image display device, a display having a display surface for displaying an image as a projection object is arranged on the lower surface side of the symmetry surface of the real mirror image forming optical system, and the display is displayed on the display surface by driving means. On the other hand, it is operated so as to perform a motion including a vertical component, and the image displayed on the display surface is changed in synchronism with the operation of the display by the driving means. The image is formed as a stereoscopic image (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “stereoscopic aerial image”).

  With such a volume scanning type three-dimensional aerial image display device, using a real mirror image forming optical system that forms an image of a projection object as a real image without distortion at a plane symmetrical position with respect to a symmetry plane, A display that moves three-dimensionally in a space on one side of the plane of symmetry, in other words, a real image displayed on a volumetric scanning three-dimensional display, and an aerial stereoscopic image that has no distortion in the other space. Can be displayed and observed.

International Publication No. 2007/116663 JP 2009-025776 A JP 2009-075483 A

“Volumetric display system based on three-dimensional scanning of inclined optical image”, Daisuke Miyazaki et al, Optic Express, Vol. 14 Issue 26, pp. 12760-12769

  By the way, in the above-described volume scanning type three-dimensional aerial image display device, the aerial stereoscopic image is always displayed while the display is operated so that the display surface moves in a direction including a component perpendicular to the symmetry plane. However, it is difficult or impossible to display a cross section or a specific portion at an appropriate position of the aerial stereoscopic image.

  Accordingly, the present invention mainly provides a device capable of displaying a stereoscopic aerial image formed by the above-described real-mirror image imaging optical system and a planar aerial image corresponding to an arbitrary part of the stereoscopic aerial image. It is what.

  That is, according to the present invention, a real image of a stereoscopic image or a three-dimensional object displayed or arranged on one side of a certain geometric plane serving as a first symmetry plane is displayed in the first space in the observation side which is the other side of the first symmetry plane. An actual mirror image forming optical system for stereoscopic images capable of forming an image as a stereoscopic aerial image at a plane symmetric position with respect to the symmetry plane, and one geometric plane that is arranged at a different angle from the first symmetry surface and serves as the second symmetry surface The real image of the planar image displayed on one side of the second symmetry plane is imaged as a planar aerial image at the plane target position with respect to the second symmetry plane in the observation side space on the other side of the second symmetry plane. Possible to move within the range that can cut the 3D aerial image formed in the space on the observation side of the first symmetry plane in the real mirror image imaging optical system for plane image and the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane Detects frame information that is information on at least the position and orientation of the correct frame A planar video display having a display unit arranged on one side of the second symmetry plane and displaying a planar video as a projection object, and a planar video display based on the frame information detected by the detection unit. Control means for moving the planar image displayed on the display surface to a position where it can be imaged as a planar aerial image in the frame through the second symmetry plane of the real mirror image imaging optical system for planar images. It is a movable aerial image display device.

  Here, the real mirror image forming optical system for stereoscopic images and the real mirror image forming optical system for planar images are arranged so that the projection object faces the respective planes of symmetry (first symmetry plane, second symmetry plane). An image formed as a real image without distortion at a symmetric position, which is constituted by the above-described two-surface corner reflector array, or one constituted by using a half mirror and a retroreflector array is suitable. Or an optical system configured using an optical device such as a mirror. The real mirror image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images and the real mirror image imaging optical system for planar images can be configured by optical systems having different imaging modes. When a three-dimensional object itself or a three-dimensional image (including a three-dimensional image displayed by the volume scanning method) is imaged as a three-dimensional aerial image using a three-dimensional real image imaging optical system, the three-dimensional aerial image that can be observed The depth of the image is reversed from the depth of the three-dimensional object or the three-dimensional image.

  In addition, as the frame, an entity having a completely closed loop shape such as a polygonal shape or an annular shape that can completely isolate the region in the frame from the region outside the frame is preferable, but a part of the region in the frame is opened to the region outside the frame. For example, an entity having an incomplete closed loop shape such as a U-shape or a partial arc shape can be applied, and a frame formed with human fingers or the like at the time of observation can also be used. Further, the inside of the frame may be a space, and an entity such as glass or acrylic resin may be arranged in the frame.

  Further, as a detecting means, a frame information is detected by an imaging process using an imaging device (imaging device) such as a camera, a frame information is detected using electromagnetics or ultrasonic waves, or a frame is an entity. For example, the frame information may be detected from the operating state of a mechanical frame moving mechanism such as a link mechanism that moves the frame. Here, the frame information includes only information on the position and orientation (angle) of the frame in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane, or the position and orientation of the frame in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane. In addition to (angle), it may relate to the shape of the frame. The “frame shape” includes not only the outer shape of the frame but also the size of the frame.

  Further, the flat image display applied to the present invention can display not only a display device in a general sense of displaying an image on a screen but also an image such as a screen for projecting an image projected by a projector or the like. The display surface includes not only a flat surface but also a curved surface. The size of the flat image display may be the same or substantially the same size as the frame, or may be larger than the frame. Here, when the size of the flat image display is the same or substantially the same as the frame, the detection means detects only the position and orientation (angle) of the frame in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane. If the size of the flat image display is sufficiently larger than the frame, the detection means detects the shape of the frame in addition to the position and orientation (angle) of the frame in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane. It is preferable to configure as described above. This is because in the movable aerial video display device according to the present invention, when the size of the flat video display is larger than the frame, the frame of the video displayed on the entire display surface of the flat video display is within the frame. Since only the portion corresponding to the size is displayed as a real mirror image, when the size of the flat image display is relatively larger than the frame, the shape of the frame is also detected by the detecting means. The video may be displayed only in the area corresponding to the size of the frame on the display surface of the flat video display.

  The control means may be any means as long as it allows the plane image displayed on the display surface of the plane image display to move to a position where it can be imaged as a plane aerial image within the frame through the second symmetry plane. When the display for display is relatively larger in size than the frame, control means for changing the display area of the video on the display surface according to the shape of the frame may be employed. Here, the movement of the flat image display includes not only a parallel movement along a predetermined direction but also a rotational movement (a movement for changing the posture with respect to the second symmetry plane). That is, the operation of the flat image display by the control means is only translational movement (translational movement of at least one degree of freedom in three translational degrees of freedom) or rotational movement (rotation of at least one degree of freedom in two rotational degrees of freedom). Motion) only, or a combination of translational motion and rotational motion, and any of these motions.

  Then, the movable aerial video display device according to the present invention changes the planar video displayed on the display surface in synchronization with the movement of the planar video display by the control means to a different part of the stereoscopic aerial video, The planar image is formed as a planar aerial image in a frame at a position overlapping the stereoscopic aerial image.

  According to such a movable aerial image display apparatus, a stereoscopic aerial image is connected to the observation side space of the first symmetry plane of the stereoscopic image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images by the stereoscopic image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images. In addition, the real image for plane image can be formed in a frame arranged at a position where the stereoscopic aerial image can be cut in the observation side space of the second symmetry plane of the real mirror image forming optical system for plane image. Since a planar aerial image can be formed by the image optical system, an observer can simultaneously observe a stereoscopic aerial image and a planar aerial image that are displayed overlapping in the air. In addition, when the frame is moved, the plane image display is also moved to change the plane image displayed on the display surface to a different part of the 3D aerial image, so that the image before moving into the frame (real image) An image (real image) different from that can be displayed as a flat aerial image without distortion.

  Therefore, the observer can observe the planar aerial image (real image) displayed as if the display is present at the position of the frame arranged so as to overlap the stereoscopic aerial image together with the stereoscopic aerial image. In addition, by observing the image (real image) in the frame that changes with the movement of the frame, it is possible to easily grasp the shape of partial parts such as characteristic parts and important parts of stereoscopic aerial images. be able to. In addition, with the movable aerial image display device of the present invention, a planar aerial image (real image) displayed in a frame can be pointed, for example, with a pointer or the like, and a specific location in a stereoscopic aerial image can be easily recorded. can do.

  In the movable aerial image display device of the present invention, a frame is arranged at a plane target position with respect to the first symmetry plane in the plane of symmetry with respect to the second symmetry plane in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane. The planar aerial image displayed on the screen can be displayed so as to overlap the stereoscopic aerial image, but the following configuration can also be employed. That is, the light transmitted from the display unit of the flat image display through the second symmetry plane of the real image imaging optical system for flat image reaches the plane symmetry position of the flat image display with the second symmetry plane as a boundary. A reflective optical system is formed on the surface through which the light transmitted through the second symmetric surface of the stereoscopic image can be passed through the real image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images at the previous time. In addition, it is possible to employ a configuration in which a planar image displayed on the display unit is reflected by the reflection optical system after passing through the second symmetry plane and imaged. Here, the reflection optical system mirror-reflects the light beam from the observation side of the first symmetry plane.

  In particular, in the movable aerial image display device of the present invention, the planar image displayed on the display surface is changed to a cross-sectional image corresponding to a different cut surface of the stereoscopic aerial image in synchronization with the movement of the flat image display by the control means. By doing so, fields that require accurate understanding of the internal shape and internal structure of stereoscopic aerial images, such as medical fields that handle CT and MRI inspections, and various natural science fields such as geological structure exploration and seafloor structure exploration Also, it can be suitably applied to.

  Further, in the present invention, a stereoscopic video display including a stereoscopic video display surface that is disposed on one side of the first symmetry plane of the real mirror video imaging optical system for stereoscopic video and displays a video as a projection object; A movable aerial video display device further comprising a driving means for operating the stereoscopic video display so as to perform a motion including a component in a direction perpendicular to the stereoscopic video display surface. By changing the images displayed on the display surface in synchronization with the operation, the images can be formed as a three-dimensional aerial image in the space on the observation side of the first symmetry plane. In this case, the driving means and the stereoscopic image display are substantially connected to each other because the stereoscopic display is moved by the driving means in a motion including a component in a direction perpendicular to the display surface, that is, a stereoscopic movement filling the three-dimensional space. In addition, it functions as a volume scanning type stereoscopic display, and a real image displayed on the stereoscopic image display can be displayed and observed as a stereoscopic aerial image without distortion in the space on the observation side. In addition, what is necessary is just to employ | adopt the thing of the appropriate | suitable aspect which operates according to the exercise | movement which fills up the desired three-dimensional space as a drive means. Here, the movement of the stereoscopic image display only needs to move so that the display surface of the stereoscopic image display fills some three-dimensional space, including vibrations in a certain direction, in a direction perpendicular to the display surface. Any movement may be used as long as it contains a component. However, the expression “stereoscopic motion filling a three-dimensional space” or “three-dimensional motion” or “stereoscopic motion” of a stereoscopic video display only means that the stereoscopic video display operates with three degrees of freedom. It is not intended to include a motion that fills a predetermined three-dimensional space even if it is a motion of one degree of freedom.

  According to the present invention, a stereoscopic image real-image imaging optical system that forms a stereoscopic image or a real image of a stereoscopic object at a plane-symmetrical position with respect to a certain geometric plane (first symmetry plane), and a real image of the planar image A real mirror image forming optical system for a plane image that forms an image at a plane symmetric position with respect to a certain geometric plane (second symmetry plane) is arranged, and a frame is movably arranged in a space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane. In the space on the anti-observation side of the second symmetry plane, a display capable of movement control is arranged at a position to display a planar aerial image in the frame in accordance with the movement of the frame, so that a stereoscopic aerial image and A plane aerial image can be superimposed and displayed. Furthermore, by changing the image displayed on the display surface of the flat image display to a different part of the 3D aerial image according to the movement of the frame within the range where the 3D aerial image can be cut, the changed image is It is possible to provide a new aerial image display method and observation method that can be displayed superimposed on a 3D aerial image as a video, and that the 3D aerial image to be observed can be easily grasped in units of parts. is there.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a movable aerial image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows typically the mode of the reflection of the light ray by the movable aerial image display apparatus which concerns on the embodiment. The top view which shows typically the 2 surface corner reflector array which is a real mirror image formation optical system applied to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing an area A in FIG. 3. The figure which shows typically the image formation mode by the same 2 surface corner reflector array. The figure which shows typically the relationship between the image | video of the display for three-dimensional images, and the three-dimensional aerial image in the same embodiment. The flowchart which moves the display for stereoscopic images in the embodiment to a target value. The figure which shows an example of the three-dimensional aerial image | video displayed on observation space in the same embodiment. The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional image displayed on the display for plane images at a certain point in the same embodiment. The schematic diagram of the aerial image | video displayed on observation space in the embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional image displayed on a flat image display at a certain time (a time different from the time illustrated in FIG. 9) in the embodiment. The figure corresponding to FIG. 10 in the same time. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing another example of the two-surface corner reflector array applied to the embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 4. The side view which shows typically the imaging pattern of the retroreflector array which is a modification of the real mirror image formation optical system applied to the embodiment. The schematic front view which expands and shows a part of the retroreflector array. The figure which shows typically the mode of the reflection of the light ray by the retro-reflector array.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the movable aerial image display device X according to an embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional structure in which a large number of two-surface corner reflectors 1 are formed as a kind of real mirror image forming optical system. The real mirror image forming element 2A for video and the real mirror image forming element 2B for flat image (hereinafter referred to as “two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic image”, “two-surface corner reflector array 2B for flat image”). A stereoscopic image display 3 having a display surface 3a for displaying an image, a driving means 4 for causing the stereoscopic image display 3 to perform a stereoscopic motion, and a real image imaging element 2B for a planar image. And a flat image display 5 having a display surface 5a that is movably disposed on one side (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) and displays an image, and the other side of the real image imaging element 2B for flat image ( 1 and 2 Detection means 7 for detecting in real time frame information which is information on the relative position and relative angle of the frame 6 with respect to the real image forming element 2B for the plane image and the frame 6 which is movably arranged on the observation side which is the right side) And a control means 8 for causing the flat image display 5 to perform an appropriate motion based on the frame information detected by the detection means 7.

  That is, the image Ox sequentially displayed on the display surface 3a of the moving stereoscopic image display 3 is a stereoscopic aerial image as a real image (real mirror image) of the mirror image by the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for the stereoscopic image in this embodiment. The image Oy, which is a projection object that forms an image of Px and is sequentially displayed on the display surface 5a of the moving flat image display 5, is a mirror by the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for flat image in this embodiment. This is a projection object from which a planar aerial image Py is formed as a real image (real mirror image). Hereinafter, each part will be described.

  The two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images and the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for planar images have substantially the same structure. Hereinafter, the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images and the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for planar images will be described. Collectively, it is referred to as “two-sided corner reflector array 2”.

  In the two-surface corner reflector array 2, a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the two mirror surfaces 11 and 12 constituting each of the two-surface corner reflector 1 is an element plane S (the element plane of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video is “ This is referred to as “first element plane SA”, and the element plane of the two-sided corner reflector array 2B for planar video may be referred to as “second element plane SB”). Then, in the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images, the real mirror image Px of the projection object Ox is connected to the plane symmetry position with the element plane SA as the symmetry plane (corresponding to the “first symmetry plane” of the present invention). In the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for a planar image, the real plane image Py of the projection object Oy is placed in a plane-symmetric position with the element plane SB as a symmetry plane (corresponding to the “second symmetry plane” of the present invention). An image is formed (see FIGS. 1 and 2). In the present embodiment, the projection object Ox is arranged on one side (lower side in the illustrated example) of the element plane SA so as to correspond to the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video, and thereby the other side of the first element plane SA. A real mirror image Px of the projection object Ox is formed on the observation side (upper side in the illustrated example) through the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images, and is projected in correspondence with the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for planar images. By disposing the projection Oy on one side (left side in the illustrated example) of the second element plane SB, two planes for plane video are provided on the observation side (right side in the illustrated example) which is the other side of the element plane SB. A real mirror image Py of the projection object Oy is formed through the corner reflector array 2B.

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 (FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the area A in FIG. 3), the two-sided corner reflector array 2 includes a flat plate-like base 21 on the flat base surface. On the other hand, in order to form a large number of square holes 22 penetrating through the wall vertically and to use the inner wall surface of each hole 22 as the two-surface corner reflector 1, two orthogonal surfaces of the inner wall surfaces of the holes 22 are mirror surfaces. 11 and 12 are formed. The substrate 21 has a square shape in plan view, which is a thin plate shape with a thickness dimension of, for example, 50 to 200 μm, and in this embodiment, 100 μm. The thickness, planar shape, and planar dimensions of the base 21 can be set as appropriate.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the two-surface corner reflector array 2 has a plane substantially perpendicular to the two mirror surfaces 11 and 12 as an element plane S. A real mirror image of the projection is formed at the symmetrical position. In the present embodiment, the two-surface corner reflector 1 is very small compared to the entire two-surface corner reflector array 2, and in FIG. 1, the entire set of the two-surface corner reflectors 1 is represented in gray and the direction of the inner angle is indicated. It is schematically represented by a V shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the two-surface corner reflector 1 is formed by using physical and optical holes 22 formed in the base 21 in order to transmit light. In the present embodiment, first, a large number of holes 22 having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view (specifically, a square shape in the present embodiment) are formed in the base 21, and smooth mirror surfaces are formed on two adjacent inner wall surfaces orthogonal to each other among the holes 22. The mirror surfaces 11 and 12 are processed to form a two-surface corner reflector 1 that functions as a reflecting surface. In addition, it is preferable to suppress a part of the inner wall surface of the hole 22 other than the two-surface corner reflector 1 from being subjected to mirror surface treatment so that light cannot be reflected, or to prevent multiple reflected light by providing an angle. . The double-sided corner reflector 1 is formed on the base 21 so that the inner angles formed by the mirror surfaces 11 and 12 are all in the same direction. Hereinafter, the direction of the inner angle of the mirror surfaces 11 and 12 may be referred to as the direction (direction) of the dihedral corner reflector 1. In this embodiment, all the directions of the two-surface corner reflector 1 are set to the same direction. In forming the mirror surfaces 11 and 12, in the present embodiment, a metal mold is first created, and the inner wall surface on which the mirror surfaces 11 and 12 are to be formed is subjected to nanoscale cutting processing to form the mirror surfaces. The surface roughness is 10 nm or less, and the surface is uniformly mirrored with respect to the visible light spectrum region.

  Specifically, the mirror surfaces 11 and 12 constituting the two-surface corner reflector 1 have a side of 50 to 200 μm, for example, 100 μm corresponding to the thickness of the base 21 in the present embodiment, and the previously created mold was used. A plurality of one substrate 21 is formed at a predetermined pitch by a nanoimprint method or an electroforming method in which the press method is applied to the nanoscale. In the present embodiment, all the two-surface corner reflectors 1 are aligned on regular lattice points assumed on the element plane SA and face the same direction. In addition, the transmittance | permeability can be improved by setting the separation | spacing dimension of adjacent 2 surface corner reflectors 1 as small as possible. In addition, a portion of the base 21 other than the portion where the two-surface corner reflector 1 and a reflection optical system to be described later are formed is subjected to a light shielding process, and in this embodiment, a transparent plate having a thin plate shape (not shown) is formed on the bottom surface of the base 21. Reinforcing material is provided. In the present embodiment, a two-sided corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images in which several tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of such two-sided corner reflectors 1 are provided on a base 21 having a square shape in plan view is employed.

  In addition, when the base | substrate 21 is formed with metals, such as aluminum and nickel, by the electroforming method, if the surface roughness of a metal mold | die is small enough, the mirror surface 11 and 12 will become a mirror surface naturally by it. When the substrate 21 is made of resin or the like using the nanoimprint method, it is necessary to perform mirror coating by sputtering or the like in order to create the mirror surfaces 11 and 12.

  The double-sided corner reflector 1 formed on the base 21 in this way reflects light entering the hole 22 from the front surface side (or back surface side) of the base 21 by one mirror surface (11 or 12) and further reflects the reflected light. Is reflected by the other mirror surface (12 or 11) and passes to the back surface side (or front surface side) of the base plate 21. The light entrance path and the light emission path are symmetrical with respect to the base plate 21. Therefore, by forming a large number of two-sided corner reflectors 1 on the base 21 as described above, the two-sided corner reflector array 2 functions. That is, the element plane S of the two-surface corner reflector array 2 (assuming a plane that passes through the central portion of the thickness of the base 21 and is orthogonal to each mirror surface and is indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. 4) It becomes a symmetric plane that forms a real image of the projection object on the side as a mirror image (real mirror image) at a plane symmetric position on the other side.

  Here, the image formation mode by the two-surface corner reflector array 2 will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 5 together with the path of light emitted from the point light source o as a projection object. 5 (a) is a schematic plan view, and FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic side view. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), light emitted from a point light source o (indicated by an arrow direction and a solid line. The two-sided corner reflector 1 travels from the back side to the front side of the sheet when passing through a hole 22 (not shown in the figure) formed in the base 21 (not shown in the figure) of the two-sided corner reflector array 2. Is reflected by one mirror surface 11 (or 12) constituting the light source and further reflected by the other mirror surface 12 (or 11) and then transmitted through the element plane S (rays of transmitted light are indicated by broken lines). The point light source o passes through the element plane S of 2 (see FIG. 5B) while expanding the plane symmetry position of the point light source o (position p in the figure). That is, in the end, the transmitted light gathers at a plane symmetric position with respect to the element plane S of the point light source o and forms an image as a real mirror image p. In the present embodiment, such a two-surface corner reflector array 2 constitutes a stereoscopic image two-surface corner reflector array 2A and a two-dimensional image two-surface corner reflector array 2B.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 1, as the projection object Ox arranged below the two-sided corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video, the stereoscopic image arranged below the two-sided corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video. The video displayed on the display area (display surface 3a) of the display 3 is applied. That is, the video Ox displayed on the display surface 3a of the stereoscopic video display 3 is combined with a stereoscopic aerial video as a real image (real mirror video) Px of the mirror video by the two-sided corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video in this embodiment. This is the object to be imaged.

  The stereoscopic image display 3 may be a curved surface, but a suitably known display can be appropriately used as long as the display surface 3a is substantially flat. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a stereoscopic image display 3 having a flat display surface 3a is adopted, and the display surface 3a is the first in the space on the lower surface side of the stereoscopic image two-surface corner reflector array 2A. It arrange | positions so that it may become perpendicular | vertical to element plane SA. The arrangement orientation of the stereoscopic video display 3 is not necessarily limited to this, and the video Ox displayed on the display surface 3a when viewed from a certain viewpoint on the upper surface side of the stereoscopic video two-surface corner reflector array 2A. If the posture is such that the real image can be seen, it can be set appropriately.

  The driving unit 4 gives a three-dimensional operation to the stereoscopic image display 3 and uses a motor, a spring, a gear, a gear, a rail, or the like as long as it is a mechanism or device for driving other objects. An appropriate configuration can be used. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the driving means 4 is placed in the space on the lower surface side of the first element plane SA of the stereoscopic video display 3 (and the display surface 3 a) of the stereoscopic video two-surface corner reflector array 2 </ b> A. Therefore, a structure that vibrates (reciprocates) in parallel with the first element plane SA is adopted. As the driving means 4 for causing the stereoscopic image display 3 to perform such a reciprocating motion, for example, a rail (not shown) parallel to the first element plane SA of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic image, and along this rail A driving device such as a motor (not shown) that reciprocates the stereoscopic video display 3 can be applied. The video Ox displayed on the display surface 3a of the stereoscopic video display 3 is sequentially changed in accordance with the position change of the stereoscopic video display 3 by the driving unit 4. Thus, since the stereoscopic video display 3 is three-dimensionally moved by the driving unit 4, the stereoscopic video display 3 and the driving unit 4 function as a volume scanning type stereoscopic display.

  Here, the movement of the stereoscopic image display 3 is a reciprocating movement while keeping the display surface 3a in parallel, but it is not necessarily required to be parallel. In addition, regarding the direction of motion, it is not always necessary to consider the relationship with the element plane SA. Furthermore, although vibration (reciprocating motion) is used as the motion, it is not always necessary to reciprocate, and a circular motion in one direction is also possible.

  Next, the video Ox sequentially displayed on the display surface 3a of the stereoscopic video display 3 and the stereoscopic aerial video Px imaged by the stereoscopic video two-surface corner reflector array 2A of the video Ox will be described with an example. To do. In this example, the image Ox in which a sphere is drawn in half of the reciprocating motion of the stereoscopic image display 3 (outward and backward) is sequentially displayed on the display surface 3a, and accompanying this, the stereoscopic aerial image Px of a sphere that is a real image (however, It is assumed that the image Ox) has a depth reversed). As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the 3D video display 3 shows the time relationship between the reciprocating motion so that the positional relationship between the 2D corner reflector array 2A for 3D video and the 3D video display 3 is shown intermittently over time. At t1 to t9, the vibration starts at each position shown in the figure, that is, at time t1, reaches the other end of the amplitude at the position t5, and returns to the same position as t1 at the position t9. At each time t1 to t9, on the display surface 3a of the stereoscopic image display 3, as shown in FIG. 4B, circle figures having a constant center position and different diameters are sequentially displayed. Correspondingly, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C, the video Ox at each time is located at a plane symmetrical position with respect to the first element plane SA of the two-dimensional corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video on the display surface 3a. As the real mirror image Px, circle images of the same figure as the image Ox are sequentially formed. Since the actual movement of the stereoscopic image display 3 is continuous, the stereoscopic aerial image Px can be seen from the observer's viewpoint W as a perspective image of a sphere. Note that this sphere is a stereoscopic image created by the movement of the stereoscopic video display 3 and a depth inverted.

  On the other hand, the two-sided corner reflector array 2B for a plane image is substantially the same as the two-sided corner reflector array 2A for a stereoscopic image and has almost the same imaging mode as the two mirror surfaces 11 and 12 constituting the entire two-sided corner reflector 1 respectively. A vertical plane is an element plane SB (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “second element plane SB”), and this element plane SB is a plane of symmetry (corresponding to the “second plane of symmetry” of the present invention). A real mirror image Py of the object to be projected Oy is formed into an image. In the present embodiment, the planar image double-surface corner reflector array 2B is set such that the second element plane SB is at a predetermined angle (for example, 90 degrees) with respect to the first element plane SA of the stereoscopic image 2-surface corner reflector array 2A. In addition, the relative position of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video is set.

  In the present embodiment, as the projection object arranged on one side of the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for flat image, the flat image display 5 arranged on one side of the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for flat image. The video Oy displayed on the display area (display surface) 5a is applied. That is, the image Oy displayed on the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 forms an aerial image as a real image (real mirror image) Py of the mirror image by the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for the flat image in this embodiment. This is the projection object that is the source of the projection.

  The planar image display 5 preferably has a planar dimension smaller than the planar dimension of the planar image two-surface corner reflector array 2B. The display surface 5a formed on the surface (right side surface in FIG. 1) side of the flat image display 5 may be a curved surface, but if it is substantially flat, an appropriate known form of the flat image display 5 is appropriately used. Can be used. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a flat image display 5 having a flat display surface 5 a is adopted, and a two-surface corner for flat image is controlled by the control means 8 in accordance with the movement of the frame 6 described below. It is configured to be movable in a space on one side (left side in the figure) of the reflector array 2B.

  The plane dimension of the frame 6 may be smaller than the plane dimension of the flat image display 5, but in the present embodiment, the same or substantially the same plane dimension as the flat image display 5 is applied. Yes. FIG. 1 shows a frame 6 whose planar shape is rectangular or substantially rectangular. The frame 6 of this embodiment is an entity formed of an appropriate material (for example, metal or synthetic resin), and the inside of the frame 6 is hollow. This frame 6 is movable in the space on the observation side (right side in the figure), which is the other side of the two-sided corner reflector array 2B for planar images, according to the intention of the operator or the observer. In the present embodiment, the space on the observation side of the two-sided corner reflector array 2B for a planar image is obtained by rotating or translating the support portion 61 connected to a part of the frame 6 with a driving means (not shown). It is comprised so that it may move in. Further, in the present embodiment, the driving means is a two-dimensional image display surface in the space on the observation side of the second element plane SB of the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for the flat image on the flat image display 5 (and the display surface 5a). A configuration is adopted in which the corner reflector array 2A is reciprocated or rotated in parallel with the first element plane SA. That is, the frame 6 of the present embodiment is capable of two-degree-of-freedom movement and translational one-degree-of-freedom movement in the height direction (normal direction of the second element plane SB). Examples of the driving means include a motor, a spring, a gear, a gear, and a rail.

  The detection means 7 is frame information that is information on the position and orientation (angle) of the frame 6 in the space on the observation side of the second element plane (second symmetry plane) SB based on, for example, the rotation angle and movement distance of the support portion 61. Is detected. In addition, as the detection means 7, the aspect which detects frame information based on the image | video imaged with imaging devices, such as a camera, and the aspect which detects frame information using an electromagnetic wave or an ultrasonic wave can also be employ | adopted.

  Based on the frame information detected by the detection means 7, the control means 8 displays the flat image display 5 disposed in the space on the counter-observation side (left side in the figure) of the second element plane (second symmetry plane) SB. The plane image Oy displayed on the display surface 5a is transmitted through the second symmetric plane SB and moved to a position where it can be imaged as a plane aerial image Py in the frame 6. The driving means (not shown) for moving the flat image display 5 can be the same or substantially the same as the driving means 4 for moving the frame 6, but for moving the frame 6. A drive unit having a structure different from that of the drive unit 4 may be used. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the detection process by the detection unit 7 and the control process by the control unit 8 are performed by individual processing devices, but the detection unit 7 uses the detection process and the control unit 8. It is also possible to perform control processing by a common processing device such as a CPU. The driving means 4 for driving the above-described stereoscopic video display 3 may be controlled by the control means 8.

  Further, the control means 8 of the present embodiment has a display movement control function for moving the flat image display 5 in accordance with the movement of the frame 6 and the image before movement on the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 after movement. Also has a display switching control function for displaying different images. This display switching control function displays, for example, a cross-sectional image corresponding to an arbitrary cut surface of the stereoscopic aerial image Px on the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 before movement, and the display of the flat image display 5 after movement. On the surface 5a, a cross-sectional image corresponding to a cut surface in a different direction or in a different part in the stereoscopic aerial image Px is displayed. As described above, in the present embodiment, the control unit 8 sequentially changes the video Oy displayed on the display surface 5a of the flat video display 5 in accordance with the position change (movement) of the flat video display 5. Can do.

  In the present embodiment, the light transmitted from the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 through the flat image double-surface corner reflector array 2B is bounded by the second element plane SB of the flat image double-surface corner reflector array 2B. The two-sided corner reflector array for stereoscopic video 2A and the two-sided corner reflector array for planar video so that the two-dimensional corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video can pass through the point of time before reaching the plane symmetry position of the planar video display 5 A relative position with respect to 2B is set. In addition, among the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video, the surface (upper surface in FIG. 1) on which light transmitted through the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for planar video enters is the first symmetry plane (first element plane). SA) is formed in a reflective optical system 2Am that specularly reflects light rays from the observation side (upper side in FIG. 1). In the present embodiment, the reflection optical system 2Am is formed by performing mirror processing on the upper surface of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video by an appropriate means. Here, the reflection optical system 2Am is configured so that the image (light) displayed on the stereoscopic video display 3 can be imaged through the two-dimensional corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video. Among them, transmission of light entering from the counter-observation side (lower side in the figure) is allowed. Instead of or in addition to the mirror surface treatment, the reflection optical system 2Am can be formed by arranging a half mirror on the upper surface of the stereoscopic video two-surface corner reflector array 2A.

  By adopting such a configuration, the light (planar image) transmitted from the display surface 5a of the planar image display 5 through the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for the planar image is transmitted from the planar image display 5 to the second element plane SB. Before reaching the plane symmetry position of the display surface 5a, it reaches the reflection optical system 2Am of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images, and is reflected by this reflection optical system 2Am to form a planar aerial image in the space on the observation side. Will do. Then, by arranging the frame 6 at a position where an image is formed as a planar aerial image, the planar aerial image is displayed in the frame 6.

  Here, if the plane symmetric position of the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 with respect to the second element plane SB is “regular plane symmetric position 5s” (position indicated by a hidden line in FIG. 1), the flat image display 5 The plane image Oy displayed on the display surface 5a is connected as a plane aerial image Py at a plane symmetric position of "regular plane symmetric position 5s" with the two-sided corner reflector array 2A (first element plane) for stereoscopic images as a boundary. Image. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control means 8 is based on the frame information detected by the detection means 7, for example, the plane-symmetric position of the frame 6 with the stereoscopic video two-face corner reflector array 2 </ b> A (first element plane SA) as a boundary. Is determined as the reference position, and the control for moving the flat image display 5 to the plane symmetrical position of the reference position with respect to the two-surface corner reflector array 2B (second element plane SB) for the flat image is performed.

  Then, the movable aerial image display device X of the present embodiment forms a stereoscopic aerial image Px that forms an image of the moving range of the frame 6 in the space on the observation side of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A (first element plane SA) for stereoscopic images. Is set to a range that can be cut.

  Next, the operation of the movable aerial image display device X according to the present embodiment will be described.

  First, the movable aerial video display device X of the present embodiment causes the stereoscopic video display 3 and the driving means 4 to function as a substantial stereoscopic display, and is continuously displayed on the display surface 3a of the stereoscopic video display 3. The image Ox is formed as a real image three-dimensional aerial image Px without distortion at a plane symmetrical position with respect to the first element plane SA through the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images. As a result, the stereoscopic aerial image Px floating in the air and completely stationary in the air can be displayed in the space on the observation side of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images. In the above description, when the stereoscopic image display 3 is vibrated (reciprocated) by the driving means 4, a spherical three-dimensional image is formed in the air as a real mirror image based on a circular image whose diameter changes. Although the mode (refer FIG. 1) made to illustrate was illustrated, various three-dimensional images can be imaged in the air by changing suitably the image | video displayed on the display 3 for stereoscopic images.

  This movable aerial image display device X is plane-symmetric with respect to the flat image display 5 with the second element plane SB of the flat image double-surface corner reflector array 2B as a boundary through the flat image double-surface corner reflector array 2B. The real mirror image Py of the image Oy displayed on the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 can be formed at the position (regular plane symmetry position 5s), but the image transmitted through the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for flat image Oy (light) is reflected by the reflecting optical system 2Am of the two-surface corner reflector for stereoscopic video 2A before reaching the regular plane-symmetrical position 5s, and the frame 6 is arranged at a position where the stereoscopic aerial video Px can be cut. Inside, an image Py having the same figure as the image Oy is formed as a real mirror image of the planar image Oy. Note that the position at which the planar image Oy is imaged as the planar aerial image Py is the plane symmetric position of the “regular plane symmetric position 5s” with respect to the first element plane SA of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic video as described above. is there.

  The movable aerial video display device X according to the present embodiment detects the position and orientation (posture) of the frame 6 as frame information by the detection means 7 in real time. Therefore, in the movable aerial image display device X of the present embodiment, when the position or orientation of the frame 6 is changed by an appropriate operation of an observer or an operator, that is, when the frame 6 is rotated or translated, The detection means 7 detects at least the position and orientation (posture) of the moved frame 6 as frame information, and the control means 8 forms an amount of movement of the frame 6 (for example, a three-dimensional aerial image Px) based on this frame information. The space is regarded as coordinates, and the amount of movement from which coordinate the center of the frame 6 is moved to) is calculated. Based on this calculated information, the control means 8 displays the flat image display 5 according to the amount of movement of the frame 6. Process to move. Specifically, based on the frame information detected by the detection means 7, the control means 8 is a “normal” position that is the plane symmetry position of the frame 6 with the stereoscopic image double-surface corner reflector array 2 A (first element plane SA) as a boundary. The plane image display 5 is placed at the plane symmetry position of the “regular plane symmetry position 5s” with the two-plane corner reflector array 2B (second element plane SB) as the boundary. Move. Moreover, you may make it move the display 5 for plane images based on the control law shown to the flowchart of FIG. That is, first, the position and orientation (frame information) of the frame 4 is detected by the detection means 7 (FIG. 7; S1), and the position and orientation of the frame 4 are made symmetrical with respect to the first element plane SA by the control means 8. And the converted value (position and orientation) further converted into a position and orientation that is plane-symmetric with respect to the second element plane SB is calculated as a target value (S2). . Then, the position and orientation of the flat image display 5 are detected by appropriate means (which may be the same as or different from the detecting means 7 for detecting the position and orientation of the frame 4) (FIG. S3). ), It is determined by the control means 8 whether or not the position and orientation of the flat image display 5 coincides with the target value (FIG. 4; S4). In the case where the position and orientation of the flat image display 5 do not match the target value (the figure; S4N), the control means 8 causes the flat image so that the position and orientation of the flat image display 5 matches the target value. The display 5 is rotated or translated (FIG. 5; S5). Then, it is determined again by the control means 8 whether or not the position and orientation of the flat image display 5 after the movement match the target value. S4 and S5 are repeated until the position and orientation of the flat image display 5 match the target value. Thus, in the present embodiment, the display movement control function of the control means 8 causes the flat image display 5 to be displayed as the flat aerial image Py in the frame 4 in the frame 4 through the above procedure. Can be arranged at a position where possible.

  The movable aerial image display apparatus X of the present embodiment moves the flat image display 5 to the above-described position where the flat image can be displayed in the frame 6 by the display movement control function of the control means 8 and performs control. The display switching control function of the means 8 causes at least the display surface 5a after the movement to display an image different from the image displayed on the display surface 5a before the movement.

  In the movable aerial image display device X of the present embodiment, for example, when the apple A shown in FIG. 8 is imaged as a three-dimensional aerial image Px in the space on the observation side of the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images, at a certain time point A cross section shown in FIG. 9 corresponding to the cut surface of the three-dimensional aerial image Px (apple A) by the frame 6 in FIG. When displayed on the surface 5a, an image of the same figure (planar aerial image Py1) as the sectional image Oy1 is formed in the frame 6 as a real mirror image of the sectional image Oy1, and this planar aerial image Py1 is shown in FIG. In this way, it is displayed in a state where it overlaps with the stereoscopic aerial video Px.

  When the frame 6 is moved according to the intention of the observer or the operator, for example, the frame 6 is brought into and out of the height direction (two-surface corner reflector array 2A for stereoscopic images) without changing the relative angle with respect to the first element plane SA. 11), the cross-sectional image of the apple A having the same center position as that of FIG. 9 but having a different outer edge shape (diameter) is displayed on the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 as shown in FIG. Oy2 is displayed. Correspondingly, “regular plane symmetry position 5s” with respect to the two-surface corner reflector array 2A for the stereoscopic image (first element plane SA) (the display surface 5a with respect to the second element plane SB of the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for planar image). In the frame 6 at the plane symmetric position), an image of the same figure as the plane image Oy2 (planar aerial image Py2) is formed as a real mirror image of the cross-sectional image Oy2, and the observer W in FIG. As shown in the figure, it is possible to observe the planar aerial image Py2 displayed so as to overlap the stereoscopic aerial image Px (apple A) and cut the stereoscopic aerial image Px.

  As described above, the movable aerial image display device X of the present embodiment can display the stereoscopic aerial image Ox floating in the space, and the cross section that the observer or operator wants to observe in the stereoscopic aerial image Ox is displayed in the frame 6. When the frame 6 is moved according to the image to be cut at, the flat image display 5 is moved in real time in accordance with the movement of the frame 6 and is displayed on the display surface 5 a in synchronization with the movement of the flat image display 5. The cross-sectional image Oy to be observed is switched to the cross-sectional image Oy corresponding to the cross-section obtained by cutting the stereoscopic aerial image Px with the moved frame 6, so that the stereoscopic aerial image Px to be observed is a predetermined portion before and after the frame 6 is moved. The cut image Py can be displayed in the frame 6.

  Therefore, the observer can simultaneously observe the stereoscopic aerial image Px and the cross-sectional image Py displayed as if the display is present in the frame 6, and the inside of the stereoscopic aerial image Px to be observed. The shape and internal structure can be grasped easily and effectively.

  Further, in the movable aerial image display device X of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an entity such as a pointer T is arranged in the image (actual mirror image) displayed in the frame 6 and attention is paid thereto. It is possible to indicate a point or the like, and further improve the understanding of the internal shape and internal structure of the stereoscopic aerial image Ox.

  As described above, according to the movable aerial image display device X according to the present embodiment, the observer is distorted into the space on the observation side of the two-surface corner reflector for stereo image 2A and the two-surface corner reflector array for flat image 2B. The cross-sectional image Py displayed in the movable frame 6 can be observed within a range in which the stereoscopic aerial image Px can be cut while checking the displayed stereoscopic aerial image Px. The movable aerial image display device X of the present embodiment moves the position of the flat image display 5 arranged in the counter-observation side space of the two-surface corner reflector array 2B for flat images in conjunction with the movement of the frame 6. By appropriately moving, the cross-sectional image Oy displayed on the display surface 5a of the flat image display 5 is displayed as a real mirror image Py in the frame 6, and at the same time, the display surface 5a is synchronized with the movement of the flat image display 5. By changing the cross-sectional image Oy to be displayed to a cross-sectional image of a different part of the three-dimensional aerial image Px, it can be used as a cross-sectional image display device that can freely specify an arbitrary cutting plane, It is possible to provide a presentation style.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above. For example, in the above-described embodiment, a frame or a flat image display capable of rotational movement (two degrees of freedom of rotation) and parallel movement (one degree of freedom of translation) in one direction (normal direction of the symmetry plane) are illustrated. In addition to or in place of these movements, a frame or flat image display capable of parallel movement other than the normal direction of the symmetry plane, specifically, parallel movement in the width direction (left-right direction) and the front-rear direction Can also be applied.

In addition, the shape of the frame is a shape that can completely isolate the region in the frame from the region outside the frame, for example, a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape or a pentagonal shape in addition to the rectangular shape shown in the above-described embodiment, or a circle It may be in a completely closed loop shape such as an ellipse (including an ellipse), but it is a shape in which a part of the area inside the frame is opened to an area outside the frame, for example, a non-completely closed loop shape such as a U-shape or a partial arc shape Also good.

  In addition, a display surface formed of glass, acrylic resin, or the like may be disposed in the frame.

  The frame itself can also be formed with fingers. Also in this case, the shape of the frame is not particularly limited, and a rectangular shape or a circular shape can be formed using fingers of both hands, or an appropriate frame shape can be formed using only one finger.

  In the above-described embodiment, the detection unit detects only the position and orientation (angle) of the frame in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane (second element plane SB). In addition to the position and orientation (angle) of the frame in the space on the observation side of the two symmetry planes, it is also possible to detect the shape of the frame. For example, when the size of the display is sufficiently larger than the frame, only the portion corresponding to the size of the frame of the image displayed on the entire display surface of the display is displayed as a real mirror image in the frame. An image may be displayed in an area corresponding to the size of the frame in the display. Therefore, the detection means is configured to detect the shape of the frame in addition to the position and orientation (angle) of the frame in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane, and the display surface of the display in addition to the movement of the display by the control means If the display area in is changed according to the size of the frame and the position and orientation (angle) of the frame in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane, the display area in the display area of the display is displayed in the frame. The formed image can be imaged as an aerial image. In this case, the frame information detected by the detection means includes the frame shape (appearance shape and size) in addition to the frame position and orientation (angle) in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane. It is preferable. In addition, when the shape of the frame is constant, information regarding the shape of the frame can be registered (transmitted) in advance in the control means (control unit). Further, when the size of the display is sufficiently larger than the frame, the display is required to move the display itself according to the movement of the frame and change the area for displaying the video on the display surface. When it is not necessary to move the display in the front / rear / right / left direction according to the movement in the front / rear / left / right direction, the display movement by the display movement control function of the control means is the direction of moving away from / in the rotational plane and the symmetry plane The parallel movement in the height direction in the above-described embodiment.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the stereoscopic display is vibrated (reciprocated) by the driving means, so that a spherical three-dimensional image is formed in the air as a real mirror image based on a circular image whose diameter changes. Although the aspect of the volume scanning display to be imaged has been described, the image displayed on the display surface of the stereoscopic video display and the three-dimensional motion form of the stereoscopic video display by the driving means can be set as appropriate. For example, the stereoscopic image display is arranged such that the display surface is parallel to the first symmetry plane of the real image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images, and the stereoscopic image display is normal to the first symmetry plane by the driving means. When driven in the direction, a stereoscopic video display having a display surface only on one side facing the first symmetry plane side can be used. Further, as a stereoscopic image display, a display that forms a three-dimensional image in the air by a parallax method using the parallax of both eyes of an observer can be applied instead of the volume scanning type described above.

  Further, in the movable aerial image display device of the present invention, a planar image obtained by CT examination or MRI examination is displayed on the display surface of the planar image display, and such examination image is displayed on a region to be examined (for example, a part of the body). ) 3D aerial video, the patient and medical professionals can accurately grasp the symptoms of the affected area by observing the test video (planar video) imaged in the frame. be able to. In addition, if the geology of the point and the cross section of the sea floor are displayed on the display surface of the flat image display, and such a cross-sectional image is set to be superimposed on the three-dimensional aerial image of the exploration target area, Underwater structure exploration can be performed easily and appropriately. Thus, the movable aerial image display device of the present invention can be expected to be used in a wide range of fields such as the medical field and various fields of natural science.

  In addition, since the two-surface corner reflector array shown in the above-described embodiment is composed of two-surface corner reflectors facing in the same direction, there is a possibility that the viewpoint may be limited to a certain direction. It is also possible to provide a movable aerial image display device capable of observing aerial images from a plurality of viewpoints by using a two-surface corner reflector array in which the reflectors are directed in a plurality of directions.

  In the above-described embodiment, the two-surface corner reflector that constitutes the two-surface corner reflector array only needs to have two orthogonal reflecting surfaces, and this reflecting surface is made of a material that reflects light such as metal. Phenomena such as reflection by an end face or film having a flatness with a specular accuracy and total reflection at a boundary having a flatness with a specular accuracy between transparent media having different refractive indexes can be used. More specifically, for example, in the above-described embodiment, in the two-surface corner reflector array 2, the square-shaped hole 22 is formed in the thin plate-shaped base 21, and two adjacent two of the inner peripheral walls of the hole are used. Although the surface corner reflector 2 is formed, instead of such a configuration, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 13, the two-surface corner reflector 1 ′ is formed on each of the transparent cylindrical bodies 23 protruding in the thickness direction of the base 21. And a two-surface corner reflector array 2 ′ in which a large number of such cylindrical bodies 23 are formed in a grid pattern. In this case, the two-surface corner reflector 1 ′ can be formed also by an aspect in which two orthogonal surfaces among the inner wall surfaces of each cylindrical body 23 are mirror surface elements 11 ′ and 12 ′. In this case, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the light reflected twice by the two-surface corner reflector 1 ′ passes through a plane symmetric with respect to the surface direction of the base 21, that is, the second element plane SB ′. A three-dimensional aerial image can be formed in a space opposite to the projection plane with respect to the element plane S ′.

  It should be noted that the inner wall surface other than the mirror surface elements 11 ′ and 12 ′ of the cylindrical body 23 is not a mirror surface, or an angle other than perpendicular to the element plane S ′ is provided, thereby eliminating excessive reflection and making it clearer. A good image can be obtained. The two mirror surfaces 11 ′ and 12 ′ constituting the two-surface corner reflector 1 ′ can use total reflection or can use reflection by a reflection film. In particular, when the total reflection of the mirror surfaces 11 ′ and 12 ′ is used, it can be expected that multiple reflections are less likely to occur because there is a critical angle for total reflection. Furthermore, it is also possible to attach a metal reflection film to two surfaces of a cylindrical body on which a mirror surface is to be formed, and bond the cylindrical bodies to each other. In this case, it is necessary to take measures against multiple reflections such as non-specularization to a surface other than the mirror surface, but a two-surface corner reflector array having a high aperture ratio and a high transmittance can be obtained.

  In addition, the two mirror elements constituting the two-surface corner reflector may be arranged with a gap between each other without contacting each other, as long as two orthogonal reflecting surfaces can be formed. The shape of the system or the dihedral corner reflector array can be set freely.

  Further, when the real mirror image forming optical system is composed of a two-surface corner reflector array, the mirror surface in the two-surface corner reflector has a gloss such as metal or resin regardless of whether it is solid or liquid. A material that reflects on a flat surface formed of a material or a material that reflects or totally reflects on a flat boundary surface between transparent media having different refractive indexes can be used. Further, when the mirror surface is configured by total reflection, undesired multiple reflection by a plurality of mirror surfaces is likely to exceed the critical angle of total reflection, so that it can be expected to be naturally suppressed. The mirror surface may be formed on a very small part of the inner wall of the optical hole as long as there is no functional problem, or may be constituted by a plurality of unit mirror surfaces arranged in parallel. In other words, the latter aspect means that one mirror surface may be divided into a plurality of unit mirror surfaces. In this case, the unit mirror surfaces do not necessarily have to be on the same plane as long as they are parallel to each other. Further, each unit mirror surface is allowed to be either in contact with or apart from each other. Further, when light is transmitted from one side of the element plane of the two-sided corner reflector array to the other side, it is only necessary to reflect the light once by two mirror surfaces, so that the two mirror surfaces orthogonal to each other in the two-sided corner reflector are separated from each other. It may be an embodiment.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the two-surface corner reflector array is exemplified as the stereoscopic image real-mirror image imaging optical system and the planar image real-mirror image imaging optical system, but instead of this two-surface corner reflector array, A real mirror image forming optical system 2B using a half mirror H and a retroreflector array R described below can also be applied.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the real mirror image forming optical system 2B has a display D (the above-described stereoscopic image described above) arranged in a space on the lower surface side of the half mirror surface H1 with the half mirror surface H1 of the half mirror H as a symmetry plane. The image O displayed on the display surface Da (corresponding to a display for display and a flat image display) is reflected by the half mirror surface H1, and then retroreflected by the retro-reflector array R to return to the incident direction, and the half mirror surface H1 , The mirror image P is imaged at a plane-symmetrical position with respect to the half mirror surface H1 as a plane of symmetry of the set of images O over time. Here, “retroreflection” refers to a phenomenon in which reflected light is reflected (reversely reflected) in a direction in which incident light is incident. The incident light and the reflected light are parallel and opposite to each other. A retro-reflector array R is an array of retro-reflectors that exhibit such a retroreflective action.

  Any type of retroreflector array R that can retroreflect incident light can be applied to the retroreflector array R, and a retroreflective film or a retroreflective coating may be applied to the surface of the material. Moreover, the shape may be a curved surface as shown in FIG. 14, or may be a flat surface. For example, the retroreflector array R shown in FIG. 15A with a part of the front view enlarged is a corner cube array that is a set of corner cubes using one corner of a rectangular parallelepiped. Each of the retro-reflectors R1 forms a regular triangle when the mirror surfaces R1a, R1b, and R1c that form three isosceles right-angled isosceles triangles are gathered at one point and viewed from the front. The mirror surfaces R1a, R1b, R1c are orthogonal to each other to form a corner cube. In addition, the retroreflector array R shown by enlarging a part of the front view in FIG. 5B is also a corner cube array that is a set of corner cubes that use one corner of the rectangular body. Each of the retro-reflectors R1 forms a regular hexagon when viewed from the front with three mirror surfaces R1a, R1b, and R1c having the same shape and the same size of squares gathered at one point, and these three mirror surfaces R1a, R1a, R1b and R1c are orthogonal to each other. The retroreflector array R is different in shape from the retroreflector array R shown in FIG. The retroreflector array R shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B will be described as an example. Light incident on one of the mirror surfaces (for example, R1a) is sequentially reflected by the other mirror surfaces (R1b, R1c). By doing so, the light is reflected in the original direction in which the light has entered the retroreflector R1. The paths of the incident light and the outgoing light with respect to the retroreflector array R are not strictly overlapping but are parallel, but when the retroreflector R1 is sufficiently smaller than the retroreflector array R, the paths of the incident light and the outgoing light. May be considered as overlapping. The difference between these two types of corner cube arrays is that the mirror surface is isosceles triangle is relatively easy to create, but the reflectivity is slightly lower, and the mirror surface is square is slightly easier to create than the isosceles triangle. While difficult, it has a high reflectivity.

  In addition to the corner cube array described above, a retroreflector array that retroreflects light rays by three mirror surfaces (“corner reflector” in a broad sense) can be employed. Although not shown, for example, as a unit retroreflective element, two mirror surfaces of three mirror surfaces are orthogonal to each other, and another mirror surface is 90 / N degrees with respect to the other two mirror surfaces (where N is an integer) And acute angle retroreflectors having angles of 90 degrees, 60 degrees, and 45 degrees formed by the adjacent mirror surfaces of the three mirror surfaces are suitable as the retroreflective element 3 applied to the present embodiment. In addition, a cat's eye retro reflector or the like can be used as a unit retroreflective element. These retro-reflector arrays may be planar or bent or curved. In the example of FIG. 14, the retroreflector array R having a partially spherical shape is arranged outside the display D. However, if the light emitted from the image O on the display surface Da and reflected by the half mirror H can be retroreflected. The shape and arrangement position of the retro reflector array can be set as appropriate.

  On the other hand, the half mirror H can use what coated the thin reflective film on one surface of transparent thin plates, such as transparent resin and glass, for example. By applying non-reflection treatment (AR coating) to the opposite surface of the transparent thin plate, it is possible to prevent the real mirror image P from being doubled. In addition, on the actual upper surface of the half mirror H, as a line-of-sight control means for transmitting a light beam in a specific direction and blocking another light beam in a specific direction or diffusing only a light beam in a specific direction, a visual field control film or a visual field An optical film H2 such as a corner adjusting film can be attached and provided. Specifically, the optical film H2 prevents the light directly transmitted through the half mirror H from reaching the position other than the predetermined viewpoint through the half mirror H, thereby allowing the display D to be displayed from other than the predetermined viewpoint through the half mirror H. While preventing the image O of the display surface Da from being directly observable, only the light beam that is once reflected by the half mirror H and retroreflected by the retroreflector array R and then transmitted through the half mirror H is transmitted. Thus, the real image P may be observed from a specific viewpoint.

  Even in the movable aerial image display device using the real mirror image forming optical system 2B configured by the half mirror H and the retroreflector array R, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment. Can do.

  In addition, when applying an image displayed on a display as an object to be projected, not only a display in a general sense of displaying an image on a screen but also a projector or the like as a stereoscopic image display or a flat image display. A screen that projects the projected image can also be adopted. Further, the display surface of the display may be a curved surface as well as a flat surface. The shape (appearance shape and size) of the display can be changed as appropriate.

  In addition, a three-dimensional object is arranged in one space of the real image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images, and the real mirror of the three-dimensional object is placed in the observation side space, which is the other space of the real mirror image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images. It is also possible to display a stereoscopic aerial image as an image.

  In addition, the relative angle between the first symmetry plane of the stereoscopic image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images and the second symmetry plane of the actual mirror imaging optical system for planar images can be arbitrarily set. It is also possible to dispose the mirror image forming optical system and the planar image real mirror image forming optical system apart from each other.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the light transmitted through the second symmetric surface of the real image imaging optical system for flat images from the image displayed on the display unit of the flat image display is a plane with the second symmetric surface as a boundary. Although an example of the configuration configured to be able to pass through the stereoscopic image imaging optical system for stereoscopic video before reaching the plane symmetrical position (regular plane symmetrical position) of the video display has been illustrated, When the movable range is appropriately changed (for example, when the flat image display is movably disposed in the space on one side and the upper side of the real image forming optical system for flat images in FIG. 1). The light that has passed through the second symmetry plane of the real image imaging optical system for flat images from the image displayed on the display unit of the flat image display passes through the real image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images Without the second symmetry plane It reaches the plane-symmetric position of the planar image for display. Even in such a case, the stereoscopic aerial image can be cut by the frame arranged at the plane symmetry position of the flat image display with the second symmetry plane as a boundary, and displayed in the frame. It is possible to provide a display device that can simultaneously observe a planar aerial image (aerial cross-sectional image) and a stereoscopic aerial image. In this case, the control means specifies the relative position and the relative angle of the frame with respect to the second symmetry plane of the real mirror image forming optical system for a flat image from the frame information detected by the detection means, and the flat image display is The flat image display is appropriately moved so as to have a relationship equivalent to the specified relative position and relative angle with respect to the two symmetry planes. Further, in comparison with the above-described embodiment, the reflection optics is used for the surface through which the light transmitted through the second symmetric surface of the real mirror image forming optical system for a three-dimensional image can enter. There is no need to form a system, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  Further, in the present invention, when a two-surface corner reflector array is applied as a real mirror image forming optical system, in addition to the two-surface corner reflector array (such as 2A) shown in the first embodiment, the element surface is perpendicular to the element surface. A two-surface corner reflector array having a structure in which two slit mirror arrays having mirror surfaces parallel to each other are stacked vertically so that the mirror surfaces are perpendicular to each other can also be adopted.

  In addition, the specific configuration of each part is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a display device that can change a planar video (cross-sectional video) displayed in a frame arranged so as to cut a stereoscopic aerial video according to the movement of the frame, and can realize a new video technique. Is possible.

X: Movable aerial image display device SA: First symmetry plane (first element plane)
SB ... second symmetry plane (second element plane)
Ox ... 3D aerial image Oy (Oy1, Oy2) ... Plane aerial image 2A ... Real mirror image imaging optical system for 3D image 2Am: Reflection optical system 2B ... Real mirror image imaging optical system for 2D image 3 ... Display for 3D image 3a ... display surface 4 ... drive means 5 ... flat image display 5a ... display surface 6 ... frame 7 ... detection means 8 ... control means

Claims (4)

A plane with respect to the first symmetry plane in the space on the observation side, which is the other side of the first symmetry plane, and displays the real image of the stereoscopic image or the three-dimensional object displayed or arranged on one side of a certain geometric plane serving as the first symmetry plane A stereoscopic image imaging optical system for stereoscopic images capable of forming an image as a stereoscopic aerial image at a symmetrical position;
A real image of a planar image having one geometric plane disposed at an angle different from that of the first symmetry plane and serving as a second symmetry plane and displayed on one side of the second symmetry plane is represented by the other of the second symmetry planes. A real-mirror image imaging optical system for a planar image capable of forming an image as a planar aerial image at a plane-symmetric position with respect to the second symmetry plane in the observation-side space,
Information on at least the position and orientation of a movable frame within a range that can cut the stereoscopic aerial image formed in the space on the observation side of the first symmetry plane in the space on the observation side of the second symmetry plane. Detection means for detecting frame information;
A flat image display having a display surface arranged on one side of the second symmetry plane and displaying a flat image as the projection object;
Based on the frame information detected by the detection means, a planar image obtained by displaying the planar image display on its display surface can be imaged as a planar aerial image in the frame through the second symmetry plane. Control means for moving to a position,
A position where the planar video is overlapped with the stereoscopic aerial video by changing the planar video displayed on the display surface in synchronization with the movement of the planar video display by the control means to a different part of the stereoscopic aerial video. A movable aerial image display device that forms an image as a planar aerial image in the frame. The stereoscopic image real mirror at a time before the light transmitted through the second symmetry plane from the display unit of the planar image display reaches the plane symmetry position of the planar image display with the second symmetry plane as a boundary. A reflection optical system is formed on a surface through which the light transmitted through the second symmetric surface can enter in the stereoscopic video image mirror optical system. 2. The movable aerial image display device according to claim 1, wherein a planar image to be displayed is set to be imaged by being reflected by the reflective optical system after passing through the second symmetry plane. The movable aerial image display device according to claim 1, wherein different portions of the stereoscopic aerial image are cross-sectional images corresponding to different cut surfaces of the stereoscopic aerial image. A stereoscopic video display including a stereoscopic video display surface arranged on one side of the first symmetry plane of the stereoscopic video imaging optical system for displaying a video as a projection object;
Drive means for operating the stereoscopic video display so as to perform a motion including a component in a direction perpendicular to the stereoscopic video display surface;
By changing the video displayed on the stereoscopic video display surface in synchronization with the operation of the stereoscopic video display by the driving means, the video is converted into a stereoscopic aerial video in the space on the observation side of the first symmetry plane. The movable aerial image display device according to claim 1, wherein an image is formed.

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