JP2014139373A - Urban flood alleviation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an urban flood alleviation system that effectively controls flood damage in a town due to today's unexpectedly heavy regional rainfall by performing local rainfall forecast with increased accuracy and locally operating a rainwater utilization device system using the local rainfall forecast.SOLUTION: The urban flood alleviation system according to the present invention includes: a rainwater utilization device system where rainwater utilization devices, with automatic opening/closing valves having receiving devices and control devices to analyze information obtained from the receiving devices and attached to rainwater tanks installed at ordinary homes, business establishments and public institutions, are distributed at several places in a wide area of a town; a profiler which can acquire an atmospheric condition as three-dimensional local atmospheric information A; a computer device which can receive wide-range meteorological information B and calculate local rainfall forecast information C on the basis of the meteorological information B and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A acquired from the profiler; and a broadcast station which transmits information.

Description

  The present invention relates to an urban flood mitigation system.

  In recent years, the frequency of guerrilla torrential rains and localized heavy rains due to the effects of global warming has increased, combined with the impact of urbanization accompanying the development of civilization, urban flooding has occurred in various parts of Japan. It comes to occur frequently.

  In order to efficiently prevent such urban floods, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention relating to a rainwater management system. The present invention is a system in which water tanks installed and used in each home or office for the purpose of effective use of rainwater and the like are operated in a coordinated manner without changing the original purpose of use. .

  According to the invention of Patent Document 1, the above-mentioned water tanks are divided into areas according to each drainage route of the river, and a communication line such as a mobile phone that is generally used from a monitoring center that manages each river is used. By sending a dedicated signal assigned to each area, the automatic open / close valve that opens and closes by the power of household power supply connected to the drain pipe of each water tank installed in that area can be remotely operated collectively. However, it is possible to prevent disasters caused by rainwater by quickly and repeatedly managing the water discharge and storage of each water tank many times quickly.

In recent years, such water storage tanks (hereinafter referred to as “rainwater tanks”) have been installed in ordinary households, business establishments, and public works establishments for the purpose of reducing expenses such as water bills, securing water resources, and reducing CO ₂ emissions. Although it has become widespread as a rainwater utilization device, a simulation on urban flood mitigation using an automatic opening / closing valve as described above has been reported (see Non-Patent Document 1).

  The simulation introduced in Non-Patent Document 1 will be described in detail in Example 1 of the present application. Virtually open / close valves are virtually attached to rainwater tanks installed in about 520 towns in an actual city (Fukui City). From these automatic opening and closing valves, the effect of the automatic opening and closing valve on urban flood mitigation is verified by comparing the case of draining beforehand and the case of not draining when a heavy rain warning is issued. Hereinafter, a device in which an automatic opening / closing valve is attached to a rainwater tank is referred to as a “rainwater utilization device”.

  In this simulation, the automatic open / close valve of the rainwater utilization device is set so that it can be drained from a full-water rainwater tank (2000L) over 30 minutes, and actual detailed data is used as the population and number of households data for the town in Fukui City. In addition, a warning issued in the past by the Japan Meteorological Agency is used to set the opening and closing timing of the rainwater tank during the simulation.

In order to evaluate the effect of the automatic opening / closing valve attached to the rainwater utilization device, the result of a comparison using a rainwater tank with an automatic opening / closing valve (rainwater utilization device) and a rainwater tank without an automatic opening / closing valve, In the rainwater utilization device that closed the automatic opening and closing valve after 30 minutes, the average amount of rainwater stored was about 800L per house. The rainwater tank without automatic opening and closing valve, but would not accept this much rainfall, the effect of the whole Fukui city, amounted to about 1.11 million m ^3.

  That is, according to the above simulation, when a 2000 L rainwater utilization device is installed in a general household in Fukui City, an average of approximately 800 L of rainwater storage can be increased by opening and closing the automatic open / close valve according to weather information. As a result, we obtained a result that the effect on peak flow cut during heavy rain can be increased by about 1.4 times compared to the case of installing a rainwater tank without an automatic open / close valve.

JP 2006-29045 A 20th Japan Rainwater Recycling System Society Presentations Shota Maekawa, Toshihiro Kasai Zamami Village Remote Island Promotion Center (2012/11 / 3-4) The 20th Japan Rainwater Recycling System Society Research Presentation Toshihiro Kasai, Tomoyuki Nakajo, Takashi Aoyama Zamami Village Remote Island Promotion Center (2012/11 / 3-4)

  However, considering the current local guerrilla heavy rainfall pattern, the simulation results of Non-Patent Document 1 using the conventional wide-area weather information and AMeDAS rainfall data do not necessarily match the current situation. It is expected that the potential effect that the rainwater utilization device system formed by arranging utilization devices in town can exert against the peak flow rate cut during heavy rain is much higher.

  In order to operate the above-mentioned rainwater utilization device system in the whole town more efficiently, detailed local rainfall prediction is indispensable, and how to effectively reflect this local rain prediction on the rainwater utilization device system. It becomes a problem.

  Therefore, the present invention predicts local rainfall with higher accuracy, operates the rainwater utilization system locally using this local rainfall prediction, and effectively suppresses flood damage in the town due to modern local guerrilla heavy rain. The purpose is to provide an urban flood mitigation system.

  In an urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, an automatic open / close valve including a receiving device and a control device for analyzing information obtained from the receiving device is attached to a rainwater tank installed in a general household, business office, public office, etc. The rainwater utilization device system in which the rainwater utilization device constructed is arranged in various places in the wide-area town, the profiler that can acquire the atmospheric state as the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A, and the wide-area weather information B can be received. An urban flood mitigation system including a computer device capable of calculating local rainfall prediction information C based on the weather information B and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler, and a broadcasting station for transmitting the information . Here, the receiving device refers to a device that captures, for example, radio waves and sound waves that travel in the air and converts them into information such as electrical signals.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the computer device puts the control signal X based on the local rainfall forecast information C on the information transmitted from the broadcasting station, and the rainwater utilization device in the rainwater utilization device system. And the control device analyzes the control signal X from the information received from the receiving device by the rainwater utilization device, so that the automatic opening and closing valve can be opened and closed.

  An urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention includes a satellite that detects the wide-area weather information B and transmits the weather information B to the ground, and an antenna that receives the wide-area weather information B transmitted by the artificial satellite. The computer apparatus may be a system capable of calculating local rainfall prediction information C based on the wide-area weather information B received from the antenna and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the rainwater utilization device arranged at various locations in the wide-area town stores the position of the rainwater utilization device specified by the coordinate system in the control device as recognition information P. Is desirable.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the control signal X preferably includes the recognition information P.

  In the rainwater utilization apparatus, it is preferable that the automatic opening / closing valve opens and closes the valve by analyzing the control signal X obtained from the receiving apparatus.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the computer device calculates local rainfall prediction information C based on the wide-area weather information B received from the antenna and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler. A computer and a transmission device that transmits a control signal X generated by the computer based on the local rainfall prediction information C are configured.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, it is preferable that the local rainfall prediction information C includes a rainfall intensity after a predetermined time at a position specified by the coordinate system.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the local rainfall forecast information C includes a local rainfall area CA specified by a coordinate system in which the rainfall intensity after the predetermined time is expected to be greater than or equal to a predetermined rainfall intensity DG. Can be specified.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the predetermined time may be 30 minutes.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the predetermined rainfall intensity DG may be 50 mm / hour.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the control signal X based on the information transmitted by the broadcasting station and the local rainfall prediction information may be sent by FM modulation.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the computer device controls the reception signal of the rainwater utilization device included in the local rainfall area CA to open / close an automatic opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device. And the control device of the rainwater utilization device opens and closes the automatic open / close valve of the rainwater utilization device based on the control signal X.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the computer device sends a control signal X for opening an automatic opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device to the reception device of the rainwater utilization device included in the local rainfall area for the first time. The rainwater utilization device control device can open the automatic opening and closing valve of the rainwater utilization device.

  In the city-type flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the computer device opens the automatic opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device, and receives the opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device after a certain period of time. Can be transmitted, and the control device of the rainwater utilization device can close the automatic opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the predetermined time may be 30 minutes.

1 is a schematic diagram of an urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention. (A) Schematic diagram of the computer device according to the present invention, (b) Schematic diagram of the automatic opening and closing valve according to the present invention. The preparation figure of the town data in Fukui-shi which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is a preparation diagram of alarm and warning data according to the present invention. The comparison figure showing the effect of the automatic opening and closing valve attached to the rainwater utilization apparatus which concerns on this invention. The satellite image figure received with the 10m parabolic antenna which concerns on this invention. The image figure showing the motion of the raindrop particle | grains in the air | atmosphere caught with the wind profiler which concerns on this invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of an urban flood mitigation system in the previous stage of an urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of an urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the same reference numerals are used for the same components throughout the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention includes a receiving device 22 and an automatic opening / closing valve 20 including a control device 30 that analyzes information obtained from the receiving device 22. A rainwater utilization device 10 configured by being attached to a rainwater tank 12 installed in a public office 110 or the like, and a rainwater utilization device system 2 arranged in various places in a wide-area town, and the state of the atmosphere as three-dimensional local atmospheric information A An acquirable profiler 60 and a computer device capable of receiving wide-area weather information B and calculating local rainfall forecast information C based on the wide-area weather information B and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler 60 70 is an urban flood mitigation system 1 including a broadcasting station 90 that transmits information 70.

  In the urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention, the computer device 70 puts the control signal X based on the local rainfall prediction information C on the information transmitted from the broadcasting station 90, and the rainwater utilization device 10 in the rainwater utilization device system 2. , And the control device 30 analyzes the control signal X received from the receiving device 22 by the rainwater utilization device 10 so that the automatic opening and closing valve 20 can be opened and closed.

  Alternatively, the urban flood mitigation system 1 receives the wide-area weather information B transmitted from the artificial satellite 100 that detects the wide-area weather information B and transmits the weather information B to the ground. The antenna 50 may be included. In this case, the computer device 70 can calculate the local rainfall prediction information C based on the wide-area weather information B received from the antenna 50 and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler 60.

  The rainwater utilization device 10 arranged in various places in the wide-area town stores the position of the rainwater utilization device 10 specified by a coordinate system such as latitude and longitude in the control device 30 as recognition information P. Here, the wide-area town may be a range of scale including one prefecture, city, town, village or a plurality of prefectures or municipalities. In addition, the control signal X transmitted from the computer device 70 based on the local rainfall prediction information C as described above includes the recognition information P.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, the rainwater utilization device 10 includes an automatic opening / closing valve 20 including a receiving device 22 and a control device 30 that analyzes information including the recognition information P obtained from the receiving device 22. It is configured to be attached to a rainwater tank 12 installed at a public office or public office 110. Then, as shown in FIG. 2B, the automatic opening / closing valve 20 adjusts the waveform of the information received from the receiving device 22 by, for example, the FM tuner 24 and then adjusts the waveform by the waveform shaper (26). The received signal is converted into a received signal including X, and the converted received signal is analyzed by a control device 30 (for example, PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller)) to open and close a valve (for example, an electromagnetic valve) 28. At this time, the control device 30 (PIC) stores the self-recognition information P as described above, and collates the recognition information P included in the control signal X of the received signal with the self-recognition information P, It is determined whether or not the control signal X is a command for opening / closing the automatic opening / closing valve 20 for the rainwater utilization device 10 of its own.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2A, the computer device 70 calculates the local rainfall prediction information C based on the wide-area weather information B received from the antenna 50 and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler 60. A computer (including a personal computer PC) 72 and a transmission device 76 that transmits information including a control signal X generated by the computer 72 based on the local rainfall prediction information C. More specifically, the computer device 70 is based on a computer 72 and a control signal X including the recognition information P generated by the computer 72, for example, a transmitter (for example, DDS (direct digital Synthesizer)) 74 and a transmitter 76 for transmitting the modulated control signal X. In the computer device 70, the computer 72, for example, based on the wide-area weather information B received from the artificial satellite 100 via the antenna 50 and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler 60, the local rainfall prediction information C Can be calculated.

  Here, in recent years, the launch of low-priced ultra-small satellites with masses of 50 kg or less by universities and private companies has become a reality as artificial satellites 100, including large-scale satellites that are operated by the nation. Thus, a large number of artificial satellites 100 can be used. The satellite communication system is composed of a satellite and a ground station, and it is said that the specifications of the artificial satellite 100 are determined by the specifications of the ground station, and in particular, the performance of the antenna 50 plays a decisive role in the specifications of the ground station. Fulfill. In order to obtain more detailed and wide-area weather information B, it is desirable that the antenna 50 is a parabolic antenna having a diameter of 10 m at present, and by using such a large-diameter parabolic antenna, High-speed data communication is possible, and high-precision, wide-area weather information B can be obtained.

  The profiler 60 is a device that can acquire the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A by observing atmospheric motion. As an example, a wind profiler (Wind Profiler) is currently used. Generally speaking, a wind profiler is a Doppler radar installed upward, and is a device that can observe in real time the wind direction within a limited range above the observation point and the wind speed distribution in the altitude direction. A large number of small antennas are installed in this device, and radio waves of about 1.3 GHz are emitted from the antennas at an elevation angle of, for example, 75 to 80 degrees in the zenith direction and east-west-north-north direction. From the frequency change due to the Doppler effect of this scattered wave, the three-dimensional velocity of air in the sky and rainwater particles can be observed. Therefore, while a general weather radar is intended to capture the current rainfall situation, the wind profiler has a feature that allows local rainfall prediction. Such a high-performance profiler 60 (wind profiler) is a central device for obtaining local rainfall prediction information C required when the urban flood mitigation system 1 proposed by the present invention is in operation. It plays an important role in efficiently operating the urban flood mitigation system 1 of the present invention together with information on the cumulonimbus generation status obtained from the above. In addition, the profiler 60 includes a rider using a laser beam, and the analysis means of the profiler 60 is not particularly limited.

  In other words, in general, when obtaining rainfall forecast information, a time-evolving equation system related to atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics is solved under a given initial condition and boundary condition, and an arbitrary region in the target region is solved. Predict rainfall by estimating the atmospheric conditions at the place and time. However, at this time, due to the chaotic nature of the equation system, the prediction accuracy decreases with the passage of time. As a countermeasure against this, in the urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention, the prediction calculation results are sequentially corrected using the meteorological observation data obtained by the profiler 60 (wind profiler), the artificial satellite 100, and other meteorological instruments. By doing so, the expansion of the error is suppressed and the prediction accuracy is improved. As described above, the conventional rain forecast information using the profiler 60 (wind profiler) or the like is improved in accuracy and the local forecast accuracy is improved. The urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention operates the rainwater utilization device system locally using the local rainfall forecast information C, and effectively suppresses the flood damage in the town caused by modern local guerrilla heavy rain. can do.

  The local rainfall prediction information C can include rainfall intensity after a predetermined time at a position specified by the coordinate system such as the latitude and longitude. Therefore, the local rainfall prediction information C can specify the local rainfall area CA specified by the coordinate system in which the rainfall intensity after a predetermined time is expected to be equal to or higher than the predetermined rainfall intensity DG.

  Here, the predetermined time is a time during which all the water can be drained from the full rainwater tank 12, for example, 30 minutes, but can be set freely and is not particularly limited. Further, the predetermined rainfall intensity DG is, for example, 50 mm / hour, but this can also be freely set and is not particularly limited.

  The broadcast station 90 refers to an arbitrary device composed of a transmitter for transmitting information and an antenna, and may be a personal device, and the range is not particularly limited. Information including the control signal X based on the local rainfall prediction information C transmitted from the broadcast station 90 is transmitted as, for example, an FM modulation type radio wave, but is not particularly limited, and other modulation type radio waves may be used. The frequency is not particularly limited.

  In the urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention, the computer device 70 is provided with an automatic opening / closing valve 20 (valve 28) of the rainwater utilization device 10 on the reception device 22 of the rainwater utilization device 10 included in the local rainfall area CA. A control signal X for opening and closing is transmitted, and the control device 30 of the rainwater utilization device 10 opens and closes the automatic opening / closing valve 20 (valve 28) of the rainwater utilization device 10 based on the control signal X.

  For example, the computer device 70 transmits a control signal X for opening the automatic opening / closing valve 20 (valve 28) of the rainwater utilization device 10 to the reception device 22 of the rainwater utilization device 10 included in the local rainfall area CA for the first time. Then, the control device 30 of the rainwater utilization device 10 opens the automatic opening / closing valve 20 (valve 28) of the rainwater utilization device 10.

  Then, the computer device 70 sends the automatic opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device 10 to the reception device 22 of the rainwater utilization device 10 that has opened the automatic opening / closing valve 20 (valve 28) of the rainwater utilization device 10 after a certain time has elapsed. 20 (valve 28) is transmitted, and the control device 30 of the rainwater utilization apparatus 10 closes the automatic opening / closing valve 20 (valve 28) of the rainwater utilization apparatus 10. Here, the fixed time is preferably the same as the predetermined time, for example, 30 minutes, but can be set freely according to the situation and environment, and is not particularly limited. .

The simulation of Non-Patent Document 1 will be introduced in detail below. This simulation relates to a system that is the basis of the urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention.
“The automatic opening / closing valve 20 including the receiving device 22 and the control device 30 that analyzes the information obtained from the receiving device 22 is attached to the rainwater tank 12 installed in a general household, business office, public office, etc. 110. A rainwater utilization device system 2 in which rainwater utilization devices 10 are arranged at various locations in a wide-area town;
A computer device 70 capable of receiving weather information B and warning / warning data in a wide area and calculating local rainfall forecast information C based on the weather information B and the warning / warning data;
A broadcasting station 90 for transmitting information;
An urban flood mitigation system 1000 including
The computer device 70 puts the control signal X based on the local rainfall prediction information C on the information transmitted from the broadcasting station 90, and transmits it to the rainwater utilization device 10 in the rainwater utilization device system 2,
An urban flood mitigation system 1000 capable of opening and closing the automatic opening / closing valve 20 by analyzing the control signal X from the information received by the rainwater utilization device 10 from the receiving device 22. "
It is a simulation about.

  The urban flood mitigation system 1000 has substantially the same content as the simulation in Non-Patent Document 1 that receives the exception of loss of novelty in the present application, but compared with the urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention, “ The “profiler capable of acquiring the atmospheric state as the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A” is lacking as a component, and is a simulation relating to the previous stage of the present invention. However, except for the profiler etc., the urban flood mitigation system 1 of the present invention has almost the same components, and although it is the previous stage of the present invention, it has been found that it has a great effect compared with the prior art. The simulation method and results are described below.

1. Overview of Simulation In the urban flood mitigation system 1000 to be verified by this simulation, as shown in FIG. 8, an automatic opening / closing valve 20 is installed in the rainwater tank 12, and if flooding due to guerrilla heavy rain is planned, Rainwater in the tank 12 is drained. Thus, the amount of water stored in the rainwater tank 12 and the peak flow rate of the guerrilla heavy rain can be cut to increase the effect. In this simulation, the urban flood mitigation system 1000 was simulated using data such as the town area, building area, and population of an actual city (Fukui City). The result of this simulation is a further update of the contents of Non-Patent Document 1 described above, and the details of the results are partially different from the results of Non-Patent Document 1.

2. Method In this simulation, individual conditions were set for each of approximately 520 districts in Fukui city, and the simulation was performed. The effect of the automatic opening / closing valve 20 on urban flood mitigation was verified by comparing the case of draining from the automatic opening / closing valve 20 of the rainwater tank 12 and the case of no draining when the heavy rain warning was issued. Below, the specification of the rainwater utilization apparatus 10 used for simulation, and the preparation method of various data are shown.

2.1 Specification of rainwater utilization device The setting of the rainwater utilization device 10 used for the simulation was performed as follows. The shape of the rainwater tank 12 is assumed to be a general cylindrical shape, and the shape is set so that the tank height and the tank diameter are substantially equal (Table 1). Moreover, the outflow hole diameter of the automatic opening / closing valve 20 was set to a hole diameter that was drained over 30 minutes when draining from the rainwater tank 12 with full water. The automatic opening / closing valve 20 is assumed to be attached to the bottom of the rainwater tank 12, and the drainage speed per hour at the time of simulation was calculated based on the Torrichelli theorem (Equation 1).
(Table 1) Specifications of rainwater utilization device Item name (unit) Value ● Rainwater tank capacity (L) 2000
● Rainwater tank height (m) 1.36
● Rainwater tank diameter (m) 1.46
● Outlet hole diameter (m) 0.030

Q: Flow rate (m ³ ) C: Flow rate count D: Outlet hole diameter (m) g: Gravitational acceleration (m / s ² )
h: Rainwater tank height (m)

2.2 Preparation of town data in Fukui city For detailed data on towns in Fukui city, the geographic information system “ArcGIS / ArcMAP” (ESRI Japan Co., Ltd.) is used to create a residential map database “Zmap-TOWN II”. (Extracted from Zenrin Co., Ltd.) was used. Population and household data for towns in Fukui City were downloaded from the 2011 Fukui City Statistical Document (Fukui City HP, 2012) on the Fukui City website. The data display format is shown in FIG.

2.3 Preparation of alarm and warning data The alarm and warning data published by the Japan Meteorological Agency was used for the opening and closing timing setting of the automatic opening and closing valve 20 during the simulation of preparation . Warning and warning data issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency in the past are stored in paper media at the Fukui Local Meteorological Observatory. Since the data storage period is 10 years, we received data from 2001 to 2011 this time. Since the recorded information on the paper medium cannot be taken out, each page was shot with a digital camera (about 2500 sheets). Information was converted to electronic data by manually inputting the data into an Excel file one by one (FIG. 4). In this simulation, only the alarm data was used out of the alarm and warning data, and it was conducted in Fukui City. Therefore, the alarm data was from Fukui City. A part of the data is shown in FIG.

2.4 AMeDAS precipitation data The weather in recent years has changed from before, and even with the use of old weather information, simulations that match the current weather are not possible. Therefore, AMeDAS precipitation data from 2002 was used, going back 10 years from 2011 when annual data are available.

3. Results and discussion Simulation results are shown below. In order to evaluate the effect of the automatic opening / closing valve 20 attached to the rainwater utilization device, a simulation was performed using a rainwater tank (rainwater utilization device 10) with a drainage valve (automatic opening / closing valve 20) and a rainwater tank without a drainage valve. . Since various conditions such as the water collection area differ depending on the town in Fukui city, the amount of rainwater storage increased due to the installation of drainage valves was different, but on average it increased by about 1100L per house (Fig. 5). A rainwater tank without a drain valve could not accept this much rainfall. When considering the effects of the entire city of Fukui, there was an effect of approximately 160,000 m ³ .

4). Summary When installing a rainwater tank in a general household in Fukui City, an average increase in rainwater storage of about 1100L can be expected by installing a drain valve and opening and closing according to weather information. Therefore, it is considered that there is an effect of increasing the effect on the peak flow rate cut during heavy rain by about 1.4 times.

  An example of use of the antenna 50 used in the urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention is shown below. In the second embodiment, the antenna 50 is a parabolic antenna having a diameter of 10 m (10 m parabolic antenna) described in Non-Patent Document 2.

  In recent years, the cost of satellite development has fallen, and universities and private companies have started to enter. Among them, “RISING-2” and “RISESAT”, which are ultra-compact earth observation satellites developed mainly by Tohoku University, are equipped with high-resolution earth observation telescopes with a high resolution of about 5 m, and are suitable for local heavy rain. It is a micro-satellite aimed to be used for observation of related cumulonimbus clouds. In this way, the launch of micro satellites for various purposes is planned in recent years, but the situation is that the maintenance of ground stations (parabolic antennas) that can receive weak radio waves transmitted from these satellites is insufficient. It has become. Currently, there are only two stations that can be used as continuous receiving stations for micro-satellite, the 10m parabolic antenna of Fukui Institute of Technology and the 12m parabolic antenna of Wakayama University. Stand). The 10m parabolic antenna set up at the Fukui Institute of Technology Sugawara Campus was completed in 2000 with a total construction cost of 400 million yen. The antenna 50 has a configuration in which reception systems for a plurality of frequency bands (L, S, and X bands) used in satellite communication exist in parallel, so that radio waves from a plurality of satellites having different frequencies can be received. It has the feature that it can receive simultaneously. Currently, taking advantage of these features, it joins the University Space Engineering Consortium (UNISEC) and operates as a receiving station for micro satellites developed by universities.

  Consider the meteorological information reception image obtained from the 10m parabolic antenna. The satellite image received by the 10m parabolic antenna installed at Fukui Institute of Technology is shown in FIG. This thumbtack is a received image of radio waves sent from the Earth observation satellite Terra at 2012/4/29 10:45, and has a resolution of 500 m per pixel. Although this satellite is a satellite developed by NASA in the United States, it is difficult to detect a cumulonimbus with a small spatial scale that causes guerrilla heavy rain at this resolution. However, since the above-mentioned ultra-small satellites (for example, RISING-2: Tohoku University, scheduled to start operation in FY2013) have a higher resolution of 5 m / pixel, the formation process of cumulonimbus clouds, etc. is detailed. It is expected to be captured. In the second embodiment, radio waves from such satellites are received and used for local rainfall prediction together with detailed air flow over the city obtained from the profiler 60 (wind profiler).

  An example of use of the profiler 60 used in the urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention is shown below. In the third embodiment, the profiler 60 is a wind profiler described in Non-Patent Document 2 above.

  As described above, the wind profiler is a Doppler radar installed upward, and is a device that can observe in real time the wind direction within a limited range above the observation point and the wind speed distribution in the altitude direction. A large number of small antennas are installed in this device, and radio waves of about 1.3 GHz are emitted from the antennas at an elevation angle of, for example, 75 to 80 degrees in the zenith direction and east-west-north-north direction. From the frequency change due to the Doppler effect of the scattered wave, the three-dimensional velocity of air in the sky and rainwater particles can be observed. Therefore, while a general weather radar is intended to capture the current rainfall situation, the wind profiler has a feature that allows local rainfall prediction.

  As for the current installation situation in Japan, the Japan Meteorological Agency has installed 33 stations (Japan Meteorological Agency, as of 2012/9/24) nationwide since 2001 as a local profile monitoring system (WINDAS: Wind Profiler Network and Data Acquisition System). In addition, similar facilities are installed in several universities. Among them, Fukui Institute of Technology and Kyoto University Survival Area Research Institute Shigaraki MU Radar Observatory have higher resolution (time resolution 1 min, altitude resolution ~ 30 m, observation altitude 200 m ~ 5 km) and range imaging capable of three-dimensional imaging. A wind profiler is installed. This is a central device for obtaining local rainfall forecast information C required for the operation of the urban flood mitigation system proposed this time, along with information on the cumulonimbus generation situation obtained from the antenna 50 (10 m parabolic antenna). It plays an important role in operating the system efficiently.

  We will discuss the results of atmospheric state imaging using a wind profiler. FIG. 7 shows the movement of rain water droplet particles in the atmosphere captured by the range imaging window profiler. On this screen, the observation results obtained by emitting radio waves in the zenith direction and the elevation angle of 75 degrees in the east-west-north-north direction are displayed on a total of five screens. In this way, the wind profiler can measure changes in the frequency of radio waves emitted in different angular directions, and can finally represent the flow of wind and the movement of raindrop particles in three dimensions. This figure also shows how raindrop particles fall while being swept away by the wind from the sky, and it is possible to predict the rain landing point and time. Around 16:00 on 2012/7/13 when this data was actually observed, precipitation was observed in the predicted area.

  An example of use of the rainwater utilization device 10 used in the urban flood mitigation system 1 according to the present invention is shown below. In the fourth embodiment, the rainwater utilization device 10 is a rainwater utilization device with a flood mitigation electromagnetic valve remote control system described in Non-Patent Document 2.

  A schematic diagram of a remote control system for electromagnetic valves for flood mitigation is shown in FIG. This system is for performing rainwater receiving and drainage control of the rainwater utilization device 10 installed in an arbitrary district according to the above-mentioned local rainfall forecast. In the data transmission unit, a signal predetermined by a PC or the like is generated by controlling a DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer), and is transmitted from a radio broadcast station 90 or the like on a radio wave such as an FM wave. On the other hand, in the data receiving unit, the electromagnetic valve remote control signal transmitted together with the radio wave such as FM program is analyzed by PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller), and the electromagnetic valve 28 is opened and closed according to the signal. With the above operation, rainwater from the rainwater utilization device 10 is discharged before the guerrilla heavy rain in advance so that the flood prevention effect is maximized depending on the rain conditions, or conversely, the electromagnetic valve 28 is closed to store rainwater. It can also be operated to cut the peak flow during heavy rain.

  Although the urban flood mitigation system of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples.

  In addition, the present invention can be carried out in a mode in which various improvements, modifications, and changes are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  The urban flood mitigation system according to the present invention can be used to effectively suppress urban flood damage due to local guerrilla heavy rain that has been particularly noticeable in recent years.

1: Urban flood mitigation system 2: Rainwater utilization device system 10: Rainwater utilization device 12: Rainwater tank 20: Automatic open / close valve 22: Receiver 24: FM tuner 26: Wave shaper 28: Valve (electromagnetic valve)
30: Control device 50: Antenna 60: Profiler 70: Computer device 72: Computer (including PC)
74: DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer)
76: Transmitting device 90: Broadcasting station 100: Artificial satellite 110: General household, business office, public office, etc. 1000: Urban flood mitigation system A: 3D local atmospheric information B: Wide-area weather information C: Local rainfall forecast information DG: Rain intensity CA: Local rainfall area

Claims (10)

A rainwater utilization device comprising a receiving device and an automatic opening / closing valve equipped with a control device for analyzing information obtained from the receiving device is attached to a rainwater tank installed in a general household, business office, public office, etc. Rainwater utilization equipment systems located in various parts of the town,
A profiler capable of acquiring the atmospheric state as three-dimensional local atmospheric information A;
A computer device capable of receiving a wide range of weather information B and calculating local rainfall forecast information C based on the weather information B and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler;
A broadcasting station that sends information,
An urban flood mitigation system including
The computer device carries the control signal X based on the local rainfall prediction information C on the information transmitted from the broadcasting station, and transmits the information to the rainwater utilization device in the rainwater utilization device system,
An urban flood mitigation system in which the control device analyzes the control signal X from information received by the rainwater utilization device from the receiving device, and can open and close the automatic opening and closing valve. The urban flood mitigation system is:
An artificial satellite that detects the wide-area weather information B and transmits the weather information B to the ground;
An antenna for receiving the wide-area weather information B transmitted from the artificial satellite;
Further including
The computer device includes:
Local rain forecast information C can be calculated based on wide-area weather information B received from the antenna and three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler.
The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 1. 3. The urban type according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater utilization device arranged in each place of the wide-area town stores the position of the rainwater utilization device specified by a coordinate system in the control device as recognition information P. 4. Flood mitigation system. The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 3, wherein the control signal X includes the recognition information P. In the rainwater utilization device,
The automatic opening and closing valve is
The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 4, wherein the control device analyzes the control signal X obtained from the receiving device to open and close a valve. The computer device includes:
A computer for calculating local rainfall forecast information C based on the wide-area weather information B received from the antenna and the three-dimensional local atmospheric information A obtained from the profiler;
A transmitter that transmits information including a control signal X issued by the computer based on the local rainfall prediction information C;
The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 1, comprising: The local rainfall forecast information C is:
The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 1, 2 or 6, comprising rainfall intensity after a predetermined time at a position specified by the coordinate system. The local rainfall forecast information C is:
The local rainfall area CA specified by the coordinate system, in which the rainfall intensity after the predetermined time is expected to be greater than or equal to the predetermined rainfall intensity DG, can be specified.
The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 7. The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 1, wherein the control signal X based on the information transmitted by the broadcasting station and the local rainfall prediction information is transmitted by FM modulation. The computer device includes:
A control signal X for opening / closing an automatic opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device is transmitted to the reception device of the rainwater utilization device included in the local rainfall area CA;
The control device of the rainwater utilization device opens and closes the automatic opening / closing valve of the rainwater utilization device based on the control signal X.
The urban flood mitigation system according to claim 8 or 9.