JP2014133861A - Rubber composition and pneumatic tire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rubber composition improved in a heat generation property and the like using a novel silane coupling agent.SOLUTION: The rubber composition contains an azo compound represented by the specified general formula (1), where R, R, Rand Reach independently represent a C1-C3 alkyl group; R, R, Rand Reach independently represent hydrogen or a C1-C3 alkyl group; Xand Xeach independently represent a divalent group including one or more of a thioether bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, an ester bond, an ether bond, a thioester bond, or a -CH(OH)-CH-NH- group; and n and m represent integers of 1 to 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a rubber composition and a pneumatic tire using the same.

  When silica is used in the rubber composition, various sulfur-containing silane coupling agents are used for the purpose of improving the dispersion of silica. The performance of rubber is affected by the added silane coupling agent. For example, a silane coupling agent capable of improving performance such as low heat generation required for tires is required.

  As a novel silane coupling agent, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a macroazo radical initiator is formed by reacting an alkoxysilane containing an isocyanate group with an azo compound having a functional group that reacts with the isocyanate group. Is used to obtain an alkoxysilyl group-terminated vinyl polymer.

  Patent Document 2 discloses an alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compound that can provide a novel polymerization method as a radical polymerization initiator, and describes that the compound can be used in the same manner as a silane coupling agent. Yes. As a method for producing the compound, a method is disclosed in which an azo compound containing an ester group or an amide group is reacted with an alkoxysilyl group-containing primary amine in the presence of a metal alkoxide catalyst.

  However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not describe a rubber composition using those alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compounds.

  In addition, since the isocyanate group used in the manufacturing method of Patent Document 1 and the metal alkoxide used in the manufacturing method of Patent Document 2 are highly reactive with water, the synthesis conditions of both manufacturing methods are strictly limited. , Has the problem of low productivity. For these reasons, alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compounds have not yet been put to practical use as silane coupling agents.

JP-A-8-104710 Japanese Patent No. 2510345

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and uses an alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compound having a specific structure as a novel silane coupling agent, and a rubber composition capable of improving various performances of rubber such as heat generation characteristics The purpose is to provide goods.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the rubber composition of the present invention contains an azo compound represented by the following general formula (1).

However, in General formula (1), R < ¹ >, R < ² >, R < ⁷ > and R < ⁸ > show a C1-C3 alkyl group each independently, R < ³ >, R < ⁴ >, R < ⁵ > and R <^6> are respectively Independently represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and X ¹ and X ² each independently represent a thioether bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, an ester bond, an ether bond, a thioester bond, or —CH ( _OH) represents a divalent group containing one or two or more any of -CH 2 -NH- group, n and m is an integer of 1-3.

In the rubber composition of the present invention, the azo compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably represented by the following general formula (2).

However, in the general formula ^{(2), R 1, R} 2, R 7, R 8, n and m are as defined for general formula (1), ^{R 9} and ^{R 10} having 1 to 3 carbon atoms each alkylene A group, p and q each represent an integer of 1 to 5;

  The pneumatic tire of the present invention is obtained using the rubber composition of the present invention.

  According to the rubber composition of the present invention, the exothermic property of rubber can be reduced by using the alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compound represented by the general formula (1) as a silane coupling agent. Since the alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compound generates carbon radicals by thermal decomposition and bonds to rubber molecules by carbon-carbon bonds, it can form stronger bonds than in the case of conventional polysulfide silane coupling agents. It is considered that this contributes to a decrease in the heat generation property of rubber, that is, an improvement in heat generation characteristics.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.

  The rubber that can be used in the rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and various dienes such as various natural rubbers (NR), various polyisoprene rubbers (IR), various styrene butadiene rubbers (SBR), and various polybutadiene rubbers (BR). These rubbers may be used, and any one of these may be used, or two or more may be used in combination. Preferably, styrene butadiene rubber and various polybutadiene rubbers are used. In addition, as these rubbers, modified diene rubbers into which amino groups, alkoxysilane groups, hydroxy groups, epoxy groups, carboxyl groups, cyano groups, halogens and the like have been introduced can be used as necessary.

  In the rubber composition of the present invention, a reinforcing filler usually used in the rubber field can be used without particular limitation. In order to obtain the intended effect of the present invention, it is assumed that silica is contained, but examples of other reinforcing fillers include carbon black, talc, clay, aluminum hydroxide, titanium oxide, and the like. Among them, carbon black is preferably used. One or more kinds of reinforcing fillers other than silica can be used.

  The compounding amount of the reinforcing filler is not particularly limited, and is appropriately adjusted depending on the use of the tire member, but the compounding amount of silica is usually in the range of 10 to 120 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. preferable. Further, it is preferable to blend 5 to 50 parts by mass of carbon black with 100 parts by mass of the rubber component together with silica, and the blending ratio of silica and carbon black is 1/20 to 1 / 0.0. A range of 1 is particularly preferred.

The alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compound used in the composition of the present invention has a structure represented by the following general formula (1). Hereinafter, the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (1) may be simply referred to as “azo compound (1)”.

In the general formula (1), R ¹ , R ² , R ⁷ and R ⁸ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, but is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group. R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ each independently represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and are preferably methyl groups. X ¹ and X ² each independently represent a thioether bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, an ester bond, an ether bond or a thioester bond, and preferably include a thioether bond, a urethane bond, or a thioester bond. Further, n and m each represent an integer of 1 to 3, but n and m are both preferably 3.

In the present invention, the azo compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably one represented by the following general formula (2).

However, in the general formula ^{(2), R 1, R} 2, R 7, R 8, n and m are as defined for general formula (1), ^{R 9} and ^{R 10} having 1 to 3 carbon atoms each alkylene A group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, p and q being an integer of 1 to 5, preferably 2 to 4;

  By using the azo compound represented by the general formula (2) in the rubber composition, various performances of the rubber, such as a decrease in heat generation of the rubber, improvement in reinforcement, suppression of increase in Mooney viscosity, suppression of deterioration in scorch resistance, and the like are greatly improved. A remarkable effect is obtained. These performance improvements are attributed to the fact that the azo compound represented by the general formula (2) is obtained from a raw material having a high 10-hour half-life temperature, and the 10-hour half-life temperature of the raw material is 50 ° C. or more. Preferably, 80-120 degreeC is more preferable.

The chemical structure of the azo compound (1) may be symmetrical or asymmetric with respect to the azo group. That is, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , X ¹ , and n of the group bonded to one end of the azo group of the general formula (1) are groups bonded to the other end of the azo group. R ⁵ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , R ⁸ , X ² , and m may be the same or different from the corresponding groups or numbers, respectively.

  1-15 mass% is preferable with respect to the quantity of a silica, and, as for content of the said azo compound (1) in the rubber composition of this invention, it is more preferable that it is 1-10 mass%. When the content is less than 1% by mass with respect to the amount of silica, it is difficult to obtain the intended effect of the present invention. When the content exceeds 15% by mass, the effect reaches a peak, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.

  The production method of the azo compound (1) is not particularly limited, and is produced by introducing alkoxysilyl groups into both ends of the azo compound as a raw material by a known method according to the X structure of the target compound. be able to. The azo compound used as a raw material here preferably has a 10-hour half-life temperature of 60 to 140 ° C, more preferably 90 to 140 ° C. By using an azo compound having a 10-hour half-life temperature within this range, an increase in Mooney viscosity of the rubber composition can be suppressed, and deterioration of scorch resistance can be prevented.

  As an example of the production method of the azo compound (1), 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane is reacted with an azo compound having a terminal hydroxyl group, a terminal carboxyl group or a terminal amino group, and X is a urethane bond, an amide bond or a urea bond. The method of obtaining the compound which has a group which respectively contains is mentioned. In addition, a method of obtaining a compound having a group containing an amide bond or a thioester bond by reacting an azo compound having a terminal carboxyl group with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, A method of reacting the azo compound having 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane with the azo compound can also be used.

  As an example of a preferable production method, there is a method of obtaining a compound having a group containing a thioether bond as X by adding mercaptoalkoxysilane to an azo compound having a terminal alkenyl group by an enethiol reaction.

  The enthiol reaction is a reaction in which a thiol group and a carbon-carbon double bond are added on a one-to-one basis. That is, when a thiol is irradiated with light or a radical initiator such as peroxide is added, a thiyl radical is easily generated and added to a carbon-carbon double bond. The generated carbon radicals extract hydrogen from the thiol group to produce a one-to-one adduct. Since the radical from which hydrogen is extracted becomes a thiyl radical, the reaction proceeds in a chain. The reaction can be performed according to conventionally used conditions, and is usually about 10 minutes to 3 hours at a reaction temperature of 20 to 70 ° C. In the reaction, it is preferable to use a radical generator such as 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) or 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). .

  In the rubber composition of the present invention, a silane coupling agent other than the azo compound (1) can be used in combination as long as it does not contradict the object of the present invention. The kind of silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, and those generally used in rubber compositions for tires can be used. Examples thereof include sulfide silane and mercaptosilane. When using a silane coupling agent other than these azo compounds (1), the amount used is preferably such that the total amount with the amount of azo compounds (1) is 1 to 15% by mass relative to the amount of silica. .

  The rubber composition according to the present invention is generally used in tire rubber compositions such as zinc white, stearic acid, anti-aging agent, wax, and vulcanizing agent other than the reinforcing filler and silane coupling agent. Various additives can be appropriately blended. Examples of the vulcanizing agent include sulfur and sulfur-containing compounds, and are not particularly limited. However, the blending amount is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. More preferably, it is 0.5-5 mass parts. The rubber composition is prepared by kneading according to a conventional method using a rubber kneader such as an ordinary Banbury mixer or kneader.

  The rubber composition comprising the above can be used as a tread rubber or a sidewall rubber of a tire, and this rubber composition is vulcanized at, for example, 140 to 180 ° C. according to a conventional method to form a tire. Can do.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The blending ratio shown below is based on mass (“parts by mass”, “mass%”, etc.) unless otherwise specified.

[Examples and Comparative Examples]
In accordance with the formulations shown in Tables 1 and 2 below (parts by mass unless otherwise indicated), first, components other than sulfur and vulcanization accelerator are mixed, and then sulfur and vulcanization accelerator are added and mixed for tires. A rubber composition was prepared. The details of each formulation in Tables 1 and 2 are as follows.

・ SBR1: "SBR1502" manufactured by JSR Corporation
・ SBR2: “SBR0122” manufactured by JSR Corporation
・ Carbon black: "Seast 3" made by Tokai Carbon
・ Silica: “Ultrasil VN3” manufactured by Evonik
Silane coupling agent: “Si75” manufactured by Evonik Degussa
Azo compound A: 2,2′-azobis [N- (2-propenyl) -2-methylpropionamide] represented by the following formula (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)

Azo compound B: alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compound obtained in Synthesis Example 1 below. Azo compound C: alkoxysilyl group-containing azo compound obtained in Synthesis Example 2 below. Oil: “Extra” manufactured by Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K. Kut 4 S "
・ Zinc flower: "Zinc flower No. 1" manufactured by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd.
・ Stearic acid: “Lunac S20” manufactured by Kao Corporation
Anti-aging agent: “NOCRACK 6C” manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
・ Wax: Nippon Seiwa Co., Ltd. “OZOACE0355”
・ Sulfur: “Powder sulfur” manufactured by Tsurumi Chemical Co., Ltd.
・ Vulcanization accelerator 1: “Sokushinol CZ” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
・ Vulcanization accelerator 2: “Noxeller D” manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.

[Synthesis Example 1]
In an eggplant flask, 2,2′-azobis (methyl isobutyrate) (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name V-601, 10 hour half-life temperature 66 ° C.) 230 g, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu) 358 g of chemical industry (Shin-Etsu Silicone) and 10.8 g of sodium methoxide powder as a catalyst were charged. Subsequently, the eggplant flask was transferred to a water bath at room temperature (23 ° C.), and stirring was started while reducing the pressure. Next, the temperature of the water bath is set to 35 ° C., decompression and stirring are continued for 6 hours, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 16 hours. Left for 16 hours. Next, as a purification operation, 29.8 g of dried chloroform was added to the flask contents and reacted with sodium methoxide while stirring at room temperature. Two hours later, 450 g of toluene that had been dried in advance was added, the solution was filtered under reduced pressure using a glass filter, and the resulting solution was placed in an eggplant flask and dried under reduced pressure. The purified reaction product is subjected to ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR analysis, and 2,2′-azobis [N- (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) isobutyric acid amide] represented by the following formula (azo compound) B) was confirmed.

[Synthesis Example 2]
In a recovery flask, 20 g of 2,2′-azobis [N- (2-propenyl) -2-methylpropionamide] (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name VF-096, 10 hour half-life temperature 96 ° C.) 34.5 g of 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (Trade name V-70, 10 hours half-life temperature 30 ° C.) 0.66 g and toluene 55 g were added, and the mixture was purged with nitrogen for 20 minutes while stirring with a magnetic stirrer and sealed. The reaction solution was then placed in a water bath maintained at 35 ° C. and reacted for 2 hours with stirring. The obtained reaction product was concentrated by an evaporator and purified by column chromatography. The reaction product after purification was subjected to ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR analysis, and 2,2′-azobis [2-methyl-N- (3- (3- (triethoxysilyl)) represented by the following formula: Propylthio) propyl) propionamide] (compound C).

  About each obtained rubber composition, the exothermic characteristic, 300% modulus, Mooney viscosity, and scorch resistance were measured and evaluated by the following methods. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Exothermic characteristics: According to JIS K6394, the loss factor tan δ was measured under the conditions of a temperature of 70 ° C., a frequency of 10 Hz, a static strain of 10%, and a dynamic strain of 2%, and displayed as an index with the value of Comparative Example 1 being 100. The smaller the index, the smaller the tan δ, and the lower the exothermic property, that is, the better the exothermic characteristics.

300% tensile modulus: A tensile test (dumbbell No. 3 type) was performed according to JIS K6251 and the modulus value at 300% elongation was displayed as an index with the value of Comparative Example 1 being 100. It shows that it is high modulus and is excellent in intensity | strength (reinforcing property), so that a numerical value is large.

Mooney viscosity: Mooney viscosity ML (1 + 4) at 100 ° C. was measured according to JIS K6300, and displayed as an index with Comparative Example 1 taken as 100. The smaller the index, the lower the viscosity and the better the workability.

-Scorch resistance: index using the Mooney scorch tester (L-shaped rotor) in accordance with JIS K6300-1 as the t5 value at the time of measurement at a temperature of 125 ° C for 1 minute of preheating and the value of Comparative Example 1 as 100 Displayed. The larger the index, the less likely to be burned and the better the scorch resistance.

As can be seen from the results shown in Table 1, in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 in which azo compound A was added to Comparative Example 1, the reinforcing property was lowered and the exothermic property was raised. This is presumably because the azo compound A does not have an alkoxysilyl group and has a small silica dispersing action. On the other hand, in Examples 1 and 2 to which the azo compound B was added, the exothermic property was lowered and the reinforcing property was improved. Further, in Examples 3 and 4 in which azo compound C having a high 10-hour half-life temperature of the raw material azo compound was blended, the exothermic property was lowered, the reinforcing property was improved, the increase in Mooney viscosity was suppressed, and the scorch resistance was reduced. A significant deterioration in sex was suppressed.

  From the results shown in Table 2, similar to the results shown in Table 1 above, Comparative Examples 5 and 6 using an azo compound having no alkoxysilyl group have a reinforcing property as compared with Comparative Example 4. It can be seen that the exothermicity was increased. In Examples 5 and 6 to which azo compound B was added, the heat build-up decreased and the reinforcement improved. Furthermore, in Examples 7 and 8 in which azo compound C was blended, the heat build-up decreased, the reinforcement increased, the increase in Mooney viscosity was suppressed, and the deterioration of scorch resistance was suppressed.

  The rubber composition of the invention can be used for various tires such as passenger cars, light trucks, trucks, buses and the like.

Claims (3)

A rubber composition containing an azo compound represented by the following general formula (1).

However, in General formula (1), R < ¹ >, R < ² >, R < ⁷ > and R < ⁸ > show a C1-C3 alkyl group each independently, R < ³ >, R < ⁴ >, R < ⁵ > and R <^6> are respectively Independently represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and X ¹ and X ² each independently represent a thioether bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, an ester bond, an ether bond, a thioester bond, or —CH ( An OH) —CH ₂ —NH— group represents a divalent group containing one or more of them, and n and m represent an integer of 1 to 3. The rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the azo compound represented by the general formula (1) is represented by the following general formula (2).

However, in the general formula ^{(2), R 1, R} 2, R 7, R 8, n and m are as defined for general formula (1), ^{R 9} and ^{R 10} having 1 to 3 carbon atoms each alkylene A group, p and q each represent an integer of 1 to 5;   A pneumatic tire using the rubber composition according to claim 1.