JP2014110703A - Commutator motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a commutator motor capable of securing reliability in electric insulation between hook member winding portions of an armature coil with a simple design.SOLUTION: A plurality of commutator bars 33 included in a commutator of an armature are formed of a brush contact member 34 exposed to an outer periphery of an insulating base 32 in which the bars 33 are arranged in a circumferential direction; and a hook member 35 having a width smaller than that of the brush contact member 34 and folded so as to contact a surface of the brush contact member 34. A hook member winding portion 16a of an armature coil is wound around a root portion 35a of each of the hook members 35, and the hook member winding portion 16a is interposed between the brush contact member 34 and the hook member 35, so as to be electrically connected to the commutator bar 33. A coil fitting groove 36, into which the hook member winding portion 16a fits, is formed in the root portion 35a of each of the hook members 35, so as to have a smaller width. Thereby, a predetermined insulating distance L is secured between the hook member winding portions 16a that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the insulating base 32.

Description

  Embodiments of the present invention relate to a commutator motor used in, for example, an electric motor part of an electric blower.

  The armature of a commutator motor has a structure in which an armature core and a commutator are fixed to a rotating shaft, and an armature winding wound around the armature core and a commutator bar included in the commutator are connected. I have. The commutator bar and the armature winding are connected by fusing the hook portion with the armature winding wound around the hook portion where the armature core side end of the commutator bar is bent. ing. A commutator having such a hook portion is commonly called a hook-type commutator.

  Since the commutator bars are arranged in the circumferential direction of the commutator, it is necessary to electrically insulate the hook portion winding portions of the armature windings wound around the hook portions of the adjacent commutator bars. Therefore, the width of the hook portion of the commutator bar is narrower than the width of the other portion, that is, the brush contact portion with which the carbon brush contacts.

  However, the hook portion winding portion of the armature winding may spread due to the fusing. As a result, the insulation distance between the hook portion winding portions wound around the adjacent commutator bars may be narrowed, and the electrical insulation between the adjacent hook portion winding portions may be reduced.

In order to cope with such a situation, it is conceivable to further narrow the entire hook portion. However, when this is done, the pressure applied to the hook portion winding portion via the hook portion during fusing increases. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the hook portion winding part will be disconnected, which is not a practical measure.
Also, there is a joining method that prevents the hook part winding part of the armature winding wound around the hook part from spreading by performing fusing with the blade inserted between adjacent hook part winding parts. Proposed. However, this method requires labor for attaching and detaching the blade before and after fusing, so that the manufacturability of the armature is lowered. In addition, there is a risk that the insulation layer (enamel layer) at the hook part winding part of the armature winding may be damaged when the blade is attached or detached. In such a case, the adjacent hook part winding part may be damaged. There is a possibility that the electrical insulation between them may be lowered.

JP 2007-185036 A

  The embodiment is a commutator motor capable of ensuring reliability of electrical insulation between hook part winding portions of armature windings wound around hook parts of each commutator bar by a simple device. Is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a commutator motor according to an embodiment includes a plurality of commutator bars included in a commutator of an armature, and brush contacts exposed to the outer periphery of an insulating base in which these bars are arranged in the circumferential direction. And a hook portion that is narrower than the contact portion and folded back so as to contact the surface of the brush contact portion. Wind the hook part winding part of the armature winding of the armature around the base part of each hook part, and sandwich the hook part winding part between the brush contact part and the hook part to electrically connect to the commutator bar. Connecting. A winding fitting groove in which the width of the root portion is narrowed and the hook portion winding portion enters is formed in the root portion of each hook portion. This is characterized in that a predetermined insulation distance is secured between hook part winding portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the insulating base.

It is a side view showing the electric blower provided with the commutator electric motor concerning one embodiment in the state where a part was cut. It is a perspective view which shows the armature of the commutator motor of FIG. 1 in the state by which the frame end plate was connected with this. It is a perspective view which expands and shows a part of armature of FIG. It is a front view which abbreviate | omits the cylinder of the center part and shows the commutator with which the armature of FIG. 2 is provided. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the commutator of FIG. 4 in a cross-sectional state. It is an enlarged view which shows F6 part in FIG. It is a top view which shows a part of connection part of the armature winding with which the armature of FIG. 2 is equipped, and a commutator. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F8-F8 in FIG. It is a top view shown in the state where the commutator bar of the commutator of Drawing 4 was developed. It is sectional drawing which shows a part of commutator of FIG. 4 in the state before an armature winding is connected.

  Hereinafter, an electric blower including a commutator motor according to an embodiment as an electric motor unit will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 indicates an electric blower. The electric blower 1 is used, for example, for dust suction of an electric vacuum cleaner or an industrial blower.

  The electric blower 1 includes a commutator electric motor 2 that forms an electric motor part of the electric blower 1, for example, a centrifugal fan 41, a diffuser 45, and a fan cover 51.

  The commutator motor 2 includes an electric motor case 3, a stator 11, an armature 13 that is a rotor, and, for example, two carbon brush assemblies 21.

  The motor case 3 includes a case main body 4 and a case end face plate 5 made of a steel plate. The case body 4 is formed in a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape with one end in the axial direction being opened and the other end in the axial direction being closed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the case end face plate 5 has a plate shape having a length, and is disposed across the opening at one end of the case body 4 in the axial direction. Both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the case end face plate 5 are screwed to a protruding edge portion 4a of the case body 4 provided so as to surround the opening.

  The opening area of the opening that is not covered with the case end face plate 5 is used as a ventilation inlet of the motor case 3. The case body 4 has a plurality of ventilation outlets 7 (only one is shown) on the closed end wall side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a bearing housing portion 4 b is formed at the center of the closed end wall of the case body 4. A bearing housing portion 5b that forms a pair with the bearing housing portion 4b is formed at the center of the case end plate 5 as shown in FIGS.

  The stator 11 is formed by attaching a stator winding to a stator core formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates whose outer shape is substantially rectangular. The stator 11 is fixed in the electric motor case 3 with the four corners of the core being brought into pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the case body 4. A ventilation gap g is formed between the outer surface of the stator core and the inner peripheral surface of the case body 4 to communicate the ventilation inlet and the ventilation outlet 7.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the armature 13 includes a rotating shaft 14, an armature core 15, an armature winding 16, a commutator 17, a first ball bearing 18, and a second ball bearing 19. I have.

  The armature core 15 is fixed to the rotating shaft 14, and the rotating shaft 14 passes through the armature core 15. The armature winding 16 is made of a copper wire covered with an enamel layer and is wound around the armature core 15. The commutator 17 is fixed to the rotating shaft 14, and the rotating shaft 14 passes through the commutator 17. The commutator 17 and the armature winding 16 are electrically connected in the form described later. The first ball bearing 18 is attached to one end of the rotating shaft 14 adjacent to the axial direction of the commutator 17. The second ball bearing 19 is attached to the other end in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 14 with the armature core 15 and the commutator 17 disposed between the second ball bearing 19 and the rotating shaft 14. It penetrates.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the commutator 17 has a hook configuration. That is, the commutator 17 is formed by attaching a plurality of commutator bars 33 to the outer peripheral portion of an insulating base 32 made of an electrically insulating material, for example, synthetic resin, in which a metal pipe 31 (see FIG. 1) is inserted in the center. Has been. The commutator bars 33 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the insulating base 32. The commutator 17 is fixed to the rotating shaft 14 by press-fitting the tube 31 into the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 14. In this case, the commutator 17 is fixed to the rotating shaft 14 with the hook portion described below facing the armature core 15.

  Each commutator bar 33 of the commutator 17 is made of a metal material having good conductivity, and includes a brush contact portion 34 and a hook portion 35. 9, the width W2 of the hook portion 35 is narrower than the width W1 of the brush contact portion 34. The width W2 of the hook portion 35 is to disperse the applied pressure so that a hook portion winding portion of an armature winding, which will be described later, wound around the hook portion 35 does not break due to the applied pressure accompanying fusing described later. The width is set as possible.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, a winding fitting groove 36 is formed in the root portion 35 a of the hook portion 35. In the present embodiment, the winding fitting groove 36 is formed to be opened at both side edges in the width direction of the root portion 35a. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and is formed to be opened only at one edge in the width direction of the root portion 35a. It is also possible. By this winding fitting groove 36, the width W3 of the root portion 35a is narrower than the width W2 of the hook portion 35 other than the root portion 35a. The depth of the winding fitting groove 36 is shallower than the depth corresponding to the wire diameter of the armature winding 16.

  The hook portion 35 is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the insulating base 32 by insert molding in a state where the hook portion 35 is folded back so as to face the surface of the brush contact portion 34. By this attachment, the surface portion of the brush contact portion 34 of the commutator bar 33 is exposed to the outer periphery of the insulating base 32, and the hook portion 35 is detached from the insulating base 32, and the commutator bar 33 is attached to the insulating base 32. Buried.

  3, 4, 7, and 8, reference numeral 37 denotes an insulating groove formed in the insulating base 32 so as to extend in the axial direction of the base. Each insulating groove 37 is provided between the commutator bars 33 in order to secure a creeping distance necessary for electrically insulating the commutator bars 33 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the insulating base 32. The insulating base 32 is open to the peripheral surface.

  The armature winding 16 and each commutator bar 33 are electrically connected as follows.

  Specifically, the armature winding 16 is wound around the root portion 35 a of the hook portion 35 of each commutator bar 33 at least once. In this specification, the portion of the armature winding 16 wound around the root portion 35a is referred to as a hook portion winding portion 16a (see FIGS. 7 and 8). As shown in FIG. 8 and the like, a part of the cross section of the hook portion winding portion 16 a enters the winding fitting groove 36.

  The hook portion winding portion 16a and each commutator bar 33 are electrically connected by performing a fusing process in a state where the hook portion winding portion 16a is wound around the root portion 35a of the hook portion 35. The This connection state is shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 7, and FIG.

  In the fusing process, first, the hook part 35 is plastically deformed as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 10 by pressing the hook part 35 in the direction of arrow F in FIG. 10 with an electrode of a fusing machine (not shown). Let Accordingly, the hook portion 35 is deformed so as to be preferably in close contact with the surface of the brush contact portion 34, and the hook portion winding portion 16 a is sandwiched between the hook portion 35 and the brush contact portion 34.

  Next, in this state, a high current is applied between the electrode and another electrode (not shown) (both electrodes of a fusing machine). As a result, the enamel layer at the portion of the hook portion winding portion 16a in contact with the hook portion 35 and the brush contact portion 34 is melted, and the hook portion winding portion 16a and the commutator bar 33 are electrically connected. Thus, an insulation distance L (see FIG. 7) is secured between the hook portion winding portions 16a connected to the commutator bar 33 and adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the insulating base 32.

  The first ball bearing 18 is mounted in the bearing housing portion 4b, and the second ball bearing 19 is mounted in the bearing housing portion 5b. Thereby, the armature 13 passes through the inner space of the stator 11 and is rotatably supported by the motor case 3. The rotating shaft 14 of the armature 13 protrudes out of the motor case 3 through the second ball bearing 19 and the bearing housing portion 5b.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pair of carbon brush assemblies 21 includes a carbon brush 22, a brush holder 23 that supports the carbon brush 22, a spring 24 that is housed in the holder and biases the carbon brush 22, A terminal 25 that also serves as a spring receiver is provided.

  These carbon brush assemblies 21 are screwed to the motor case 3. The brush holder 23 passes through the case body 4 and protrudes toward the commutator 17 in the case body 4. The carbon brush 22 is pressed against the brush contact portion 34 of the commutator bar 33 by a spring 24. Thereby, the carbon brush 22 and the commutator 17 are electrically connected. The terminal 25 is electrically connected to the carbon brush 22 and the stator winding, and is also electrically connected to a power source (not shown) (commercial AC power source or battery).

  The fan 41 is connected to the rotary shaft 14 by a nut 44 or the like that is screwed into an end portion of the rotary shaft 14 that protrudes outside the motor case 3. The fan 41 has a discharge port 43 on its peripheral surface.

  The diffuser 45 is used to guide the air discharged from the fan 41 into the electric motor case 3 that rectifies the air, and between the plurality of upstream guide vanes 46 that form an upstream rectifying air passage between them. It has a plurality of downstream guide vanes 47 that form a downstream rectifying air passage. The diffuser 45 covers the overhanging edge 4 a of the case body 4, the case end face plate 5, and the opening area of the case body 4 that is not covered by the case end face plate 5 (the ventilation inlet of the motor case 3). 3 and the fan 41.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fan cover 51 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall 52 and an end wall 53 continuous to one end of the peripheral wall 52. An air inlet 54 is formed at the center of the end wall 53.

  The fan cover 51 is fitted and held in the motor case 3 so that the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 52 is fitted to the overhanging edge 4 a so as to cover the fan 41 and the diffuser 45. The attached fan cover 51 sandwiches the diffuser 45 between the overhanging edge 4a. The air inlet 54 of the attached fan cover 51 is opposed to the air inlet 42 of the fan 41. In addition, a gap S is formed between the peripheral wall 52 of the attached fan cover 51 and the outer periphery of the diffuser 45 covered by the fan cover 51, and the upstream side rectified wind path and the downstream side rectified wind of the diffuser 45 are passed through this gap S. The road is in communication.

  Note that reference numeral 55 in FIG. 1 denotes a ring-shaped seal member attached around the air inlet 54. The seal member 55 is in contact with the edge of the air inlet 42 so as to bite.

  When the electric blower 1 including the commutator motor 2 having the above-described configuration is driven by feeding power to the terminal 25, the fan 41 is rotated together with the armature 13. Air is sucked into the air inlet 42 of the fan 41 from the air inlet 54 of the fan cover 51 by the negative intake pressure generated by the rotation of the fan 41. The sucked air passes through the inside of the fan 41 and is discharged from the discharge port 43, and flows through the upstream side rectified air passage of the diffuser 45 toward the outer peripheral side of the diffuser 45 to be static pressure.

  Further, the air flowing out from the upstream air passage is introduced into the downstream rectification air passage of the diffuser 45 via the gap S between the peripheral wall 52 of the fan cover 51 and the outer periphery of the diffuser 45, and this downstream rectification The air passage is circulated toward the center side of the diffuser 45 to be static pressure, and is introduced into the motor case 3. The air thus flowing into the motor case 3 is mainly blown to the stator 11 and flows through the ventilation gap g while cooling it, and further blown to the carbon brush assembly 21 to cool the It is discharged to the outside of the motor case 3 through the outlet 7.

  In the armature 13 of the commutator motor 2 provided in the electric blower 1, the width W3 of the root portion 35a is narrowed to the root portion 35a of the hook portion 35 folded back from the brush contact portion 34 of the commutator bar 33. A winding fitting groove 36 is formed, and the winding fitting groove 36 is wound around the root portion 35a of the hook portion 35 in a state where a part of the hook portion winding portion 16a of the armature winding 16 enters. Thus, the armature winding 16 and each commutator bar 33 are electrically connected.

  Since the hook portion winding portion 16a is inserted into the winding fitting groove 36 in this manner, the hook portion winding portion 16a is wound around the root portion 35a of the thinnest hook portion 35 of the commutator bar 33. The winding diameter R (see FIG. 7) of the hook portion winding portion 16a is small. Thereby, the insulation distance L ensured between the hook part winding site | parts 16a adjacent to the circumferential direction of the insulation base 32 which the commutator 17 had can be enlarged.

  Therefore, even if the winding diameter of the hook portion winding portion 16a is increased with the fusing process, the insulation distance L between the hook portion winding portions 16a adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction can be sufficiently and sufficiently ensured. As a result, even when the armature winding 16 having a large wire diameter is used, a predetermined insulation distance L, that is, a necessary and sufficient insulation distance can be secured between the hook portion winding portions 16a. is there. When the armature winding 16 having a large wire diameter is used as described above, the efficiency of the commutator motor 2 can be improved as the copper loss of the armature winding 16 can be reduced.

  Further, in order to ensure the electrical insulation performance between the adjacent hook part winding parts 16a, a blade that prevents the hook part winding part 16a from spreading before and after the fusing process is provided with an adjacent hook part winding part. There is no need to attach or detach between 16a. Thereby, the manufacturability of the armature 13 is not lowered. At the same time, since the blade is not attached / detached, the enamel layer of the hook portion winding portion 16a is not damaged due to the attachment / detachment of the blade. For this reason, there is no possibility that the electrical insulation between the adjacent hook part winding parts 16a will fall, and the reliability of the electrical insulation between the adjacent hook part winding parts 16a can be secured.

  As described above, in order to secure the electrical insulation performance, no special insulation member is required, and no special labor is required in terms of manufacturing. It can be realized with a simple idea of making it thinner and winding the hook portion winding portion 16a into the winding portion 16a.

  Moreover, since the entire hook portion 35 of the commutator bar 33 is not as thin as the root portion 35a, the fusing for electrically connecting the hook portion winding portion 16a of the armature winding 16 to the commutator bar 33. In this case, the applied pressure applied to the hook part winding portion 16a via the hook part 35 does not increase excessively. Therefore, there is no possibility that the hook portion winding portion 16a is disconnected along with the fusing process.

  Therefore, according to the commutator motor 2 having the above-described configuration, the reliability of electrical insulation between the hook portion winding portions 16a of the armature windings 16 wound around the hook portions 35 of the respective commutator bars 33, respectively. Can be secured with a simple device.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, this embodiment is presented as an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope of the invention, and also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Commutator motor, 13 ... Armature, 16 ... Armature winding, 16a ... Hook part winding site, 17 ... Commutator, 32 ... Insulation base, 33 ... Commutator bar, 34 ... Brush contact part, 35 ... Hook part, 35a ... root part of hook part, 36 ... winding fitting groove, W2 ... width of hook part, W3 ... width of root part 35a, L ... insulation distance

Claims (1)

Each of the plurality of commutator bars arranged in the circumferential direction of the insulating base included in the commutator includes a brush contact portion exposed on the outer periphery of the insulating base and a width narrower than the contact portion, and the surface of the brush contact portion. And the hook portion winding portion of the armature winding wound around the root portion of each hook portion is sandwiched between the brush contact portion and the hook portion. In a commutator electric motor comprising an armature that is electrically connected to the commutator bar and has an insulation distance secured between the hook portion winding sites adjacent in the circumferential direction.
A commutator electric motor characterized in that a winding fitting groove into which a width of the root portion is narrowed and the hook portion winding portion enters is formed in a root portion of each hook portion.

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