JP2014102345A - Text creation device for acoustic model learning, method of the same, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a text creation device for acoustic model learning, that is capable of extracting a text containing "a phoneme that ought to be learnt".SOLUTION: A voice recognition processing section recognizes a voice in developing voice data inputted from outside by referring to a language model and an existing acoustic model, and outputs a recognition result text and phonemic series information. A recognition result tabulation section calculates a phoneme recognition rate from the phonemic series information and a correct interpretation text of the developing voice data. A weak-point phoneme extracting section extracts, as a weak-point phoneme, a phoneme of which the phoneme recognition rate is equal to a threshold level or below, and produces a weak-point phoneme list. A supplementary candidate text corpus stores a large amount of text being a candidate text for acoustic model learning. A weak-point phoneme containing text selecting section refers to the weak-point phoneme list to select a text containing the weak-point phoneme from the supplementary candidate text corpus, and outputs the selected text as an acoustic model learning text.

Description

  The present invention relates to an acoustic model learning text creating apparatus, a method and a program for creating a learning text used for acoustic model learning.

  In recent speech recognition systems, an acoustic model and a language model are used. The acoustic model is a dictionary having acoustic features of each phoneme such as / a / and / k /, and is used to estimate what phoneme string the input speech has.

  Learning an acoustic model requires speech and corresponding text (speech database). In order to statistically learn an accurate acoustic model, it is necessary to construct a large-scale speech database. Collecting a large amount of speech and corresponding text requires high costs (time and effort).

  Therefore, text creation methods for improving the learning efficiency of acoustic models have been studied conventionally. FIG. 10 shows a functional configuration of the acoustic model learning label producing apparatus 900 disclosed in Patent Document 1, and its operation will be briefly described. The acoustic model learning label creating apparatus 900 includes a first phoneme environment frequency calculation unit 923, a second phoneme environment frequency calculation unit 933, a storage unit 934, a new phoneme environment extraction unit 935, a text selection unit 936, A storage unit 937 and the like are included.

  The first phoneme environment frequency calculation unit 923 counts the appearance frequency for each phoneme environment based on the phoneme sequence input from the phoneme conversion unit 922, and calculates and outputs the phoneme environment frequency of the existing speech DB 910. The second phoneme environment frequency calculation unit 933 counts the appearance frequency for each phoneme environment based on the phoneme sequence input from the phoneme conversion unit 932, and calculates and outputs the phoneme environment frequency of the original text DB 930.

  The existing speech DB phoneme environment frequency and the original text DB phoneme environment frequency output from the first and second phoneme environment frequency calculation units 923 and 933 are input to the new phoneme environment extraction unit 935. A new phoneme environment extraction unit 935 extracts a new phoneme environment not included in the existing speech DB 910 but included in the original text DB 930 from the input existing speech DB phoneme environment frequency and the original text DB phoneme environment frequency. The extracted new phoneme environment is output as an additional recorded phoneme environment.

  The additional recorded phoneme environment output from the new phoneme environment extraction unit 935 is input to the text selection unit 936. The text selection unit 936 reads and selects the text including the additional recorded phoneme environment from the texts of the original text DB 930 paired with the phoneme series and stored in the storage unit 934. The selection of the text is performed by determining whether or not an additional recording phoneme environment is included for each text. The text selected in this way is output as an additional recording label set.

JP 2011-248001 A

  In the prior art, information on phoneme environment coverage (phoneme coverage) such as the number of phonemes of text to be read out and the number of phonemes included in the existing speech DB 910 is used. That is, a text that contains phonemes that are less frequently as a learning amount is selected with priority. However, collecting a large amount of speech including phonemes with a small learning amount does not necessarily improve the recognition accuracy of the phonemes. There may be a phoneme case that has a small amount of learning but exhibits sufficiently high recognition performance. Similarly, there may be a phoneme case where the amount of learning is sufficient, but the recognition performance still has room for improvement. Thus, there is a problem that “phonemes to be learned” cannot be accurately extracted only by phoneme environment coverage.

  The present invention has been made in view of this problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an acoustic model learning text creation device, a method and a program that can accurately extract “phonemes to be learned”.

  The acoustic model learning text creation device of the present invention includes a speech recognition processing unit, a recognition result totaling unit, a poor phoneme extraction unit, an additional candidate text corpus, and a poor phoneme inclusion text selection unit. The speech recognition processor recognizes speech data for development input from the outside with reference to a language model and an existing acoustic model, and outputs a recognition result text and phoneme sequence information. The recognition result totaling unit calculates a phoneme recognition rate from the phoneme sequence information and the correct text of the development speech data. The poor phoneme extraction unit extracts phonemes whose phoneme recognition rate is equal to or less than a threshold as weak phonemes and generates a poor phoneme list. The additional candidate text corpus stores a large amount of text as acoustic model learning text candidates. The poor phoneme inclusion text selection unit refers to the weak phoneme list, selects text including poor phonemes from the additional candidate text corpus, and outputs the text as acoustic model learning text.

  According to the acoustic model learning text creation device of the present invention, the speech data for evaluation is speech-recognized using the existing acoustic model learned using the existing speech database, and the text including poor phonemes with low recognition performance is selected. Therefore, the acoustic model learning text including “phonemes to be learned” can be extracted.

The figure which shows the function structural example of the text creation apparatus 100 for acoustic model learning of this invention. The figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the text creation apparatus 100 for acoustic model learning. The figure which shows the example of correct phoneme series information and the phoneme series information of a recognition result. The figure which shows the function structural example of the text creation apparatus 200 for acoustic model learning of this invention. The figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the text creation apparatus 200 for acoustic model learning. The figure which shows the example of a phoneme inclusion matrix. The figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the text selection part 230. FIG. The figure which shows the function structural example of the text creation apparatus 300 for acoustic model learning of this invention. The figure which shows the function structural example of the text creation apparatus 400 for the acoustic model learning of this invention. The figure which shows the function structure of the label production apparatus 900 for acoustic model learning disclosed by patent document 1. FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are given to the same components in a plurality of drawings, and the description will not be repeated.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of the mechanism configuration of an acoustic model learning text creation device 100 of the present invention. The operation flow is shown in FIG. The acoustic model learning text creating apparatus 100 includes a speech recognition processing unit 10, a recognition result totaling unit 40, a poor phoneme extraction unit 50, a poor phoneme inclusion text selection unit 60, an additional candidate text corpus 70, and a control unit 80. And. The acoustic model learning text creating apparatus 100 is realized by a predetermined program being read into a computer composed of, for example, a ROM, a RAM, and a CPU, and the CPU executing the program. The same applies to other embodiments described below.

  The speech recognition processing unit 10 recognizes speech data for development input from the outside with reference to the language model 20 and the existing acoustic model 30, and outputs a recognition result text and phoneme sequence information (step S10). The language model 20 stores data in which language features are modeled by a statistical method, and gives linguistic likelihood to a speech recognition result candidate when continuous speech recognition is executed. The existing acoustic model 30 stores a large number of acoustic models obtained by learning the acoustic characteristics of phonemes using an existing speech database. As the acoustic model, a hidden Markov model (HMM) having a mixed normal distribution as an output probability is often used, and is represented by a triphone composed of three phonemes. For example, if “Company (/ k / a / i / sh / a /)” is expressed with a triphone, 5 pieces of “/ *-k + a / ka-i + i / ai + sh / i-sh + a / a-sh + * /” An acoustic model is composed of phonemes. The development voice data is a set of voice data different from the existing voice database, and is used for evaluating the existing acoustic model 30. The voice data for development may have a smaller data volume than the existing voice database.

  The speech recognition processing unit 10 performs speech recognition processing on each speech included in the development speech data using the language model 20 and the existing acoustic model 30, and outputs a recognition result text and phoneme sequence information. For example, when the recognition result text is “company”, the phoneme sequence information is “/ * − k + a / ka−a + i / ai−sh / i−sh + a / a−sh + * /”. The speech recognition processing by the speech recognition processing unit 10, the language model 20, and the existing acoustic model 30 is the same as general speech recognition processing.

  The recognition result totaling unit 40 calculates a phoneme recognition rate from the phoneme sequence information obtained as a result of speech recognition by the speech recognition processing unit 10 and the correct text of the development speech data (step S40). For example, as shown in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the recognition result when the correct text is “company” is “foreign vehicle”. For the phoneme string “/ *-k + a / ka-i + sh / i-sh + a / a-sh + * /” that is correct phoneme sequence information, the phoneme string “/ *-g + a / ka−i + i” of the recognition result / ai−sh / i−sh + a / a−sh + * / ”.

  The correct phoneme “/ *-k + a /” does not match the recognized phoneme “/ *-g + a /” (×), and the phoneme recognition rate of the phoneme “/ *-k + a /” is 0% if this is the only phoneme data. Is calculated as The phoneme recognition rate of other phonemes is calculated as 100%. Similar processing is performed for the number of phoneme data included in the developed speech data, and the sum of the results is calculated as the phoneme recognition rate of each phoneme.

  Here, the expression of phonemes has been described using a phoneme environment-dependent triphone consisting of a triplet of phonemes, but a phoneme environment-independent monophone that does not depend on surrounding phonemes may be used. If the central phoneme is correct, the answer may be correct.

  The poor phoneme extraction unit 50 extracts phonemes whose phoneme recognition rate is equal to or less than a threshold as weak phonemes and generates a poor phoneme list (step S50). The threshold value is an arbitrary value in the range of 0-1. The closer the threshold value is to 0, the lower the recognition accuracy for determining poor phonemes. If the value is close to 1, it is difficult to extract poor phonemes. As the threshold value, an average value of phoneme recognition rates of all phonemes may be used. Alternatively, a phoneme having a predetermined rank may be extracted as a weak phoneme from a lower order with a low voice recognition rate to generate a poor phoneme list.

  The poor phoneme inclusion text selection unit 60 refers to the poor phoneme list generated by the poor phoneme extraction unit 50, and from the additional candidate text corpus that stores a large amount of text that is an acoustic model learning text candidate and its phoneme sequence information. A predetermined number or more of texts containing poor phonemes are selected and output as acoustic model learning text (step S60). Here, the predetermined number may be given as a constant to the poor phoneme inclusion text selection unit 60 in advance. Or you may give from the outside. The predetermined number is, for example, a value that is about 10% of the text amount of the learning data of the existing acoustic model 30.

  The process of step S60 is repeated until the completion of all phonemes in the weak phoneme list. The control unit 80 controls this repetitive operation. The control unit 80 controls the time-series operation of each unit of the acoustic model learning text creation device 100.

  As described above, according to the acoustic model learning text creation device 100 of the present invention, the existing speech model 30 is used to recognize speech for development and list phonemes having a low phoneme recognition rate. Is selected as an acoustic model learning text from the additional candidate text corpus 70 and output. Therefore, it is possible to extract text including “phonemes to be learned”.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the functional configuration of the acoustic model learning text creating apparatus 200 of the present invention. The operation flow is shown in FIG. The acoustic model learning text creation device 200 includes a phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 210 instead of the poor phoneme extraction unit 50 of the acoustic model learning text creation device 100, and a text selection instead of the poor phoneme inclusion text selection unit 60. The difference is that the unit 230 is provided, and the phoneme inclusion matrix generation unit 220 is provided. Only differences from the acoustic model learning text creation device 100 will be described.

  The phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 210 calculates “phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p” indicating how much text including which phoneme should be selected based on the phoneme recognition rate for each phoneme calculated by the recognition result totaling unit 40. Output. rat_p is calculated by, for example, equation (1) (step S210).

  Here, cor_p is a phoneme recognition rate of the phoneme p. “P” means any arbitrary phoneme. The phoneme text extraction rate rat_p shows a larger value as the phoneme has a lower phoneme recognition rate. By listing the phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p in descending order and sorting the phoneme text extraction ratio list in descending order, the phonemes and their phoneme text extraction ratio values can be obtained in order of decreasing phoneme recognition ratio values. The phoneme text extraction ratio list is a list of pairs of phonemes p and phoneme recognition rates of the phonemes p.

  The phoneme inclusion matrix generation unit 220 generates a phoneme inclusion matrix that summarizes what phonemes appear in each text stored in the additional candidate text corpus 70 (step S220). In FIG. 5, step S220 is shown in parallel with the phoneme extraction rate calculation process (step S210). However, the phoneme inclusion matrix only needs to be formed at the stage before the text selection process. The phoneme inclusion matrix may be generated in advance.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a phoneme inclusion matrix. The first column in FIG. 6 is text, and the second and subsequent columns are phonemes. The numerical value of the portion where the text and the phoneme intersect represents the number of appearances of the phoneme. 1 is set in the part corresponding to each phoneme in the phoneme string “/ *-k + a / ka + i / a + i / sh / i−sh + a / a−sh + * /” of the text “company” and included in “company”. 0 is set for the non-phoneme part. The phoneme inclusion matrix may be a matrix in which texts are arranged in descending order of the values with reference to the phoneme text extraction rate rat_p calculated by the phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 210, for example.

  The text selection unit 230 selects the phoneme p according to the value of the phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p calculated by the phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 210, and selects the text including the selected phoneme p with reference to the phoneme inclusion matrix.

  FIG. 7 shows an operation flow of the text selection unit 230 and its operation will be described. The text selection unit 230 selects the phoneme p with reference to the phoneme text extraction ratio list (step S231). The text selection unit 230 selects the phonemes p, for example, in descending order from the phoneme text extraction rate list arranged in descending order of the phoneme text extraction rate rat_p calculated by the phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 210.

  Next, with reference to the phoneme inclusion matrix, the text having a large number of appearances of the selected phoneme p is selected (step S232). The selected text is output to the outside as acoustic model learning text (step S233). The selected text is deleted from the phoneme inclusion matrix (step S234), and the selected text number ext_p is incremented (step S235).

  The above operation is repeated until the selected text number ext_p becomes equal to the text selection number num_p (No in step S236). The text selection number num_p may be given from the outside, or may be preset in the text selection unit 230 as a constant.

  The processes in steps S231 to S236 are repeated until the phonemes p having a predetermined rank in the phoneme text extraction ratio list are completed (No in step S237). The information of this predetermined order may also be given from the outside in the same manner as the text selection number num_p, or may be set in advance as a constant.

  As described above, according to the acoustic model learning text creation device 200, text including many phonemes in the order of phonemes having a low phoneme recognition rate can be adopted as the acoustic model learning text. As a result, the learning efficiency of the existing acoustic model can be improved.

  The acoustic model learning text may be selected in combination with the phoneme frequency information as well as the phoneme recognition rate. For phonemes with a low phoneme recognition rate, there are cases where “the amount of learning data is sufficient, but the recognition accuracy is low”. In other words, there may be phonemes that are difficult to recognize in the first place.

  In that case, no matter how much the data amount is increased, it is not possible to expect a performance improvement commensurate with it. Therefore, the acoustic model learning text is selected more efficiently by using the phoneme frequency information of the existing acoustic model created based on the existing speech database and the phoneme recognition rate together. A text creation device 300 is conceivable.

  FIG. 8 shows a functional configuration example of the acoustic model learning text creation device 300. The acoustic model learning text creation device 300 is different only in that the weak phoneme extraction unit 50 of the acoustic model learning text creation device 100 is replaced with a poor phoneme extraction unit 350.

  The poor phoneme extraction unit 350 generates a poor phoneme list with reference to the phoneme frequency information when extracting phonemes whose phoneme recognition rate calculated by the recognition result totaling unit 40 is less than a threshold as poor phonemes. The phoneme frequency information is information including the number of appearances of each phoneme included in the existing speech database and a set of each phoneme.

  When extracting a phoneme having a low phoneme recognition rate and a small number of appearances as a weak phoneme, the poor phoneme extraction unit 350 outputs phonemes whose phoneme frequency information is smaller than the frequency threshold as a weak phoneme list. According to the acoustic model learning text creation device 300, it is possible to preferentially select text including phonemes for which the amount of learning data is insufficient as the acoustic model learning text.

  Note that the phoneme frequency information may be given from the outside, or the phoneme frequency calculator 390 is provided inside the acoustic model learning text creating apparatus 300, so that the number of appearances of each phoneme included in the existing speech database and the combination of each phoneme The phoneme frequency information may be generated.

  As for the acoustic model learning text creating apparatus 200, an embodiment using phoneme frequency information can be considered as in the third embodiment. FIG. 9 shows an example of the functional configuration of an acoustic model learning text creation device 400 that also uses phoneme frequency information.

  The acoustic model learning text creation device 400 is different only in that the phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 210 of the acoustic model learning text creation device 200 is replaced with a phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 410. Based on the phoneme recognition rate for each phoneme calculated by the recognition result totaling unit 40, the phoneme extraction rate calculation unit 410 expresses a phoneme text extraction rate rat_p that represents how much text including which phoneme should be selected. Calculate and output based on 2).

  Here, occ_p is the appearance frequency of the phoneme p. The phoneme frequency information may be given from the outside, or the phoneme frequency calculation unit 390 is provided in the acoustic model learning text creation device 300, and the phoneme composed of the number of appearances of each phoneme included in the existing speech database and the set of each phoneme. Frequency information may be generated.

  According to the acoustic model learning text creation device 400, it is possible to employ, as the acoustic model learning text, a text including phonemes in which the phoneme recognition rate is low and the learning data amount is insufficient. As a result, the learning efficiency of the existing acoustic model can be improved.

  As described above, according to the acoustic model learning text creating apparatus of the present invention, the speech data for evaluation is recognized using the existing acoustic model learned using the existing speech database, and poor phonemes having low recognition performance are detected. Since the included text is selected from the additional candidate text corpus 70 and output, the acoustic model learning text including “phonemes to be learned” can be accurately extracted. Therefore, there is an effect that it is possible to efficiently reduce phonemes that are easily misrecognized even with a limited amount of text for learning an acoustic model.

  In addition, according to the acoustic model learning text creation devices 300 and 400 of the present invention that also use phoneme frequency information, it is possible to select text that does not include phonemes with a small learning amount but sufficiently high recognition performance. It is also possible to select text including phonemes that have a large learning amount but low recognition performance.

  Note that the formula for obtaining the phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p is not limited to the formula (1) and the formula (2). Any function may be used as long as the value of the phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p increases as the value of the phoneme recognition rate decreases. The phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p may be a value based on the likelihood value. The denominator of each equation may be omitted. Since the value of rat_p can be normalized by adding a denominator, it is possible to limit the range of the value.

  When the processing means in the above apparatus is realized by a computer, the processing contents of the functions that each apparatus should have are described by a program. Then, by executing this program on the computer, the processing means in each apparatus is realized on the computer.

  The program describing the processing contents can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium. As the computer-readable recording medium, for example, any recording medium such as a magnetic recording device, an optical disk, a magneto-optical recording medium, and a semiconductor memory may be used. Specifically, for example, as a magnetic recording device, a hard disk device, a flexible disk, a magnetic tape or the like, and as an optical disk, a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), a DVD-RAM (Random Access Memory), a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only) Memory), CD-R (Recordable) / RW (ReWritable), etc., magneto-optical recording media, MO (Magneto Optical disc), etc., semiconductor memory, EEP-ROM (Electronically Erasable and Programmable-Read Only Memory), etc. Can be used.

  This program is distributed by selling, transferring, or lending a portable recording medium such as a DVD or CD-ROM in which the program is recorded. Further, the program may be distributed by storing the program in a recording device of a server computer and transferring the program from the server computer to another computer via a network.

  Each means may be configured by executing a predetermined program on a computer, or at least a part of these processing contents may be realized by hardware.

Claims (8)

A speech recognition processing unit that recognizes speech data for development input from the outside with reference to a language model and an existing acoustic model, and outputs a recognition result text and phoneme sequence information;
A recognition result totaling unit that calculates a phoneme recognition rate from the phoneme sequence information and the correct text of the development speech data;
A poor phoneme extraction unit that generates a poor phoneme list by extracting phonemes whose phoneme recognition rate is equal to or less than a threshold as poor phonemes;
An additional candidate text corpus that stores a large amount of text that is a text candidate for acoustic model learning,
A weak phoneme inclusion text selection unit that selects a text including a weak phoneme from the additional candidate text corpus with reference to the weak phoneme list and outputs it as an acoustic model learning text;
An acoustic model learning text creation device comprising: In the acoustic model learning text creating apparatus according to claim 1,
The weak phoneme extraction unit is
The phoneme frequency information consisting of each phoneme input from the outside and the appearance frequency information of the phoneme and the phoneme recognition rate are input, and the phonemes whose phoneme frequency information does not satisfy the frequency threshold are extracted as weak phonemes. An acoustic model learning text creation device, which generates a phoneme list. A speech recognition processing unit that recognizes speech data for development input from the outside with reference to a language model and an existing acoustic model, and outputs a recognition result text and phoneme sequence information;
A recognition result totaling unit that calculates a phoneme recognition rate from the phoneme sequence information and the correct text of the development speech data;
Based on the phoneme recognition rate for each phoneme, a phoneme extraction rate calculation unit that calculates and outputs a phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p indicating how much text including which phoneme should be selected;
An additional candidate text corpus that stores a large amount of text that is a text candidate for acoustic model learning,
A phoneme inclusion matrix generating unit that generates a phoneme inclusion matrix that summarizes what phonemes appear in each text stored in the additional candidate text corpus;
A text selection unit that selects a phoneme according to the value of the phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p, and selects text including the selected phoneme with reference to a phoneme inclusion matrix;
An acoustic model learning text creation device comprising: In the acoustic model learning text creation device according to claim 3,
The phoneme extraction rate calculation unit
A phoneme text extraction rate rat_p representing how much text including which phoneme is selected by inputting phoneme frequency information including each phoneme input from the outside and information on the number of appearances of the phoneme and the phoneme recognition rate is input. An acoustic model learning text creation device characterized in that it calculates and outputs. In the acoustic model learning text creation device according to claim 3 or 4,
The phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p is a function for increasing the value of the phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p as the value of the phoneme recognition ratio is lower. A speech recognition process for recognizing speech data for development input from the outside with reference to a language model and an existing acoustic model, and outputting a recognition result text and phoneme sequence information;
A recognition result aggregation process for calculating a phoneme recognition rate from the phoneme sequence information and the correct text of the development speech data;
A weak phoneme extraction process for generating a poor phoneme list by extracting phonemes whose phoneme recognition rate is below a threshold as poor phonemes;
A poor phoneme inclusion text selection process of selecting text containing weak phonemes from an additional candidate text corpus that stores a large number of texts that are acoustic model learning text candidates by referring to the weak phoneme list and outputting them as acoustic model learning text When,
A method for creating a text for learning an acoustic model. A speech recognition process for recognizing speech data for development input from the outside with reference to a language model and an existing acoustic model, and outputting a recognition result text and phoneme sequence information;
A recognition result aggregation process for calculating a phoneme recognition rate from the phoneme sequence information and the correct text of the development speech data;
Based on the phoneme recognition rate for each phoneme, a phoneme extraction rate calculation process for calculating and outputting a phoneme text extraction ratio rat_p indicating how much text including which phoneme is selected;
A phoneme inclusion matrix generation process for generating a phoneme inclusion matrix that summarizes what phonemes appear in each text stored in an additional candidate text corpus that stores a large amount of text that is a text candidate for acoustic model learning;
Selecting a phoneme according to the value of the phoneme text extraction rate rat_p, and selecting a text including the selected phoneme with reference to a phoneme inclusion matrix;
A method for creating a text for learning an acoustic model.   A program for causing a computer to function as the acoustic model learning text creation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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