JP2014088918A - Open rack type vaporization device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an open rack type vaporization device (ORV1) which secures vaporization performance by preventing drift and furthermore enables an installation space therefor to be saved.SOLUTION: The open rack type vaporization device includes at least a pair of heat exchanging panels 2 facing against opposite directions crossing at a right angle with an arranging direction of heat transfer tubes 21 and heating medium supplying means 3 for supplying the heating medium to each of the heat exchanging panels. The heating medium supplying means includes a distribution pipe 4 arranged at an upper position than that of the heat exchanging panels and extending in an arranging direction and an allocation plate 5 arranged between a pair of heat exchanging panels and extending in an arranging direction. The distribution pipe flows down the heating medium toward the allocation plate while distributing it toward the arranging direction, the allocation plate allocates the heating medium flowing down from the distribution pipe to an opposite direction to supply the heating medium to the surface of each of the upper ends of the heat exchanging panels.

Description

  The technique disclosed here relates to an open rack type vaporizer used for vaporizing a liquefied gas, for example.

  Patent Document 1 describes an open rack type vaporizer (hereinafter also referred to as ORV) that vaporizes liquefied natural gas (hereinafter also referred to as LNG) using seawater as a heat medium. This ORV is composed of a plurality of heat transfer tubes through which LNG passes arranged in a predetermined direction to form a plurality of heat exchange panels and seawater from the upper end of each heat exchange panel along its surface. Heat medium supply means for supplying seawater to each heat exchange panel is provided so as to flow down. Specifically, in this ORV, the plurality of heat exchange panels are arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval in the opposite direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the heat transfer tubes, and the upper end portion of each heat exchange panel Is attached with a trough having an upper end opening extending in the arrangement direction. The sprinkler pipe disposed above the trough is provided with a large number of sprinkling openings at equal intervals in the arrangement direction, and seawater is supplied into the trough through the sprinkling openings. Seawater supplied into the trough flows out from the supply holes formed at the bottom of the trough, and then flows down along both side surfaces of the heat exchange panel.

  Here, if the flow rate of the seawater supplied to the heat exchange panel in such an ORV becomes uneven in the arrangement direction of the heat transfer tubes, the vaporization performance of the heat exchange panel will be reduced. In the ORV described in Patent Document 1, the trough volume is set to be relatively large in order to suppress the drift of seawater. Therefore, in the ORV described in Patent Document 1, the distance between the pair of heat exchange panels facing each other in a facing direction is relatively large so that large troughs attached to each heat exchange panel do not interfere with each other.

  Unlike the ORV trough described in Patent Document 1, the ORV trough described in Patent Document 2 is disposed between a pair of heat exchange panels facing each other in the opposite direction. It is configured to supply seawater. Specifically, the trough is configured in a box shape that extends in the arrangement direction of the heat transfer tubes and has an upper surface opened, and seawater is supplied from a supply pipe connected to the bottom surface at the center in the arrangement direction. It is comprised so that. Then, the seawater overflowing from each of the opposite side edges at the upper end of the trough is configured to be supplied to the surface of the upper end of the heat exchange panel arranged on both sides of the trough. Yes.

  Here, in the ORV described in Patent Document 2, an attempt is made to suppress the above-described drift by devising the internal structure of the trough. As a precondition, the volume of the trough is set to a large volume equal to or larger than a predetermined value. . Thus, since the enlarged trough is also arranged between the heat exchange panels in the ORV described in Patent Document 2, the distance between the pair of heat exchange panels facing each other in a facing direction becomes relatively large (for example, 500 to 500). About 600 mm).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 48-49251 JP 2010-38363 A

  By the way, there is a demand for reducing the space between the heat exchanger panels due to a demand for space saving in installing the ORV. In particular, there is a strong demand for an ORV installed on a ship with a limited installation space. However, as described above, in the conventional ORV, the trough for supplying seawater to the heat exchange panel has a large volume so that a large amount of seawater can be stored from the viewpoint of suppressing drift, There is an inconvenience that the space between the heat exchange panels cannot be narrowed due to the space limitation for installing the trough.

  The technology disclosed herein has been made in view of the above points, and the purpose of the technology is to reduce the installation space while preventing drifting and avoiding the deterioration of the vaporization performance of the heat exchange panel. The object is to provide a possible open rack type vaporizer.

  The technology disclosed herein is configured in a panel shape including a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged in a predetermined direction, and is arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval in an opposing direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the heat transfer tubes. A heat medium supply means for supplying the heat medium to each heat exchange panel so that the heat medium flows down from the upper end of the heat exchange panel along the surface thereof. Further, the present invention relates to an oplan rack type vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied gas supplied into each heat transfer tube by the heat medium supplied to the surface of each heat exchange panel.

  The heat medium supply means extends in the arrangement direction at a position between a distribution pipe arranged to extend in the arrangement direction at a position above the heat exchange panel and a pair of the heat exchange panels facing each other. And the distribution pipe distributes the heat medium in the arrangement direction, while causing the heat medium to flow down toward the distribution board, The heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe is distributed to both sides in the facing direction, and the heat medium is supplied to the upper end surface of each of the heat exchange panels facing the facing direction.

  Here, in the open rack type vaporizer, the header tank that distributes and supplies the liquefied gas to each heat transfer tube is connected to the lower end of each heat transfer tube that extends in the vertical direction. In general, a header tank that collects and discharges the vaporized gas is connected to the upper end of each heat transfer tube. Fins are formed on the outer surface of each heat transfer tube to increase the heat transfer area. However, since these fins are formed at portions other than the connection portion with each header tank, fins are formed in the heat transfer tubes. The part to be formed is an intermediate part excluding the upper end part and the lower end part. The heat exchange panel is configured in a panel shape by connecting the fins of the heat transfer tubes adjacent in the arrangement direction to each other. Therefore, the “heat exchange panel” here has at least fins formed in the heat transfer tubes. It refers to the part that is. Accordingly, the distribution pipe arranged at “above the heat exchange panel” is arranged at a position higher than the fin formation portion in the heat transfer pipe, for example, above the header tank to which the upper end of each heat transfer pipe is connected. Be placed. Moreover, the distribution board arrange | positioned at "the position between heat exchange panels" is arrange | positioned at the same height position as the formation part of the fin in a heat exchanger tube at least.

  According to the said structure, a heat medium (for example, seawater) flows down toward the distribution board from the distribution pipe arrange | positioned in the upper position rather than the heat exchange panel, and extended in an arrangement direction. For example, a number of downflow ports may be formed in the distribution pipe side by side in the arrangement direction, or a slit-like flow down opening extending in the arrangement direction may be formed in the distribution pipe.

  While being distributed in the arrangement direction, the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe reaches the distribution plate arranged between the heat exchange panels, the distribution plate distributes the heat medium to both sides in the opposite direction, and faces A heat medium is supplied to the upper end surface of each heat exchange panel facing in the direction.

  Thus, by combining the distribution pipe having the function of distributing the heat medium in the arrangement direction and the distribution plate having the function of distributing the heat medium on both sides in the opposite direction, each heat exchange panel facing the opposite direction is arranged in the arrangement direction. It is possible to supply the heat medium while preventing the drift of the current.

  This heat medium supply means does not include a trough for storing a large amount of heat medium. Moreover, since the distribution board arrange | positioned between a pair of heat exchange panels does not have the function to store a lot of heat media, the size becomes remarkably small compared with the conventional trough. Therefore, it becomes possible to narrow the space | interval of a heat exchange panel. In addition, it is advantageous to narrow the interval between the heat exchange panels in order to quickly supply the heat medium distributed in the distribution plate to each heat exchange panel. As described above, if the distribution pipe is arranged at a position higher than the header tank, it is advantageous for further narrowing the interval between the heat exchange panels.

  Thus, in the open rack type vaporizer having the above-described configuration, the space between the pair of heat exchange panels facing each other in the opposing direction can be reduced, so that the installation space can be saved.

  The interval in the facing direction of the pair of heat exchange panels may be set to 200 to 400 mm.

  That is, in the conventional open rack type vaporizer equipped with a large-volume trough, the interval between the heat exchange panels is set to about 500 to 600 mm, but by omitting the troughs as described above, Can be reduced to 200 to 400 mm.

  The cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate may be configured such that the center portion in the facing direction is located above the side edge portions.

  In this way, the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe first hits the central portion positioned relatively upward in the distribution plate, and then heads toward both side edges positioned relatively downward from the central portion. Sorted. As a result, the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe is automatically and substantially evenly distributed to both sides in the facing direction, so that the heat medium supplied to each of the pair of heat exchange panels facing the facing direction. This is advantageous in improving the performance of the open rack type vaporizer. The cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate may be, for example, a mountain shape.

  The distribution plate may have a cross-sectional shape that is curved upward.

  This configuration is advantageous for equalizing the distribution of the heat medium by the distribution plate on both sides in the opposing direction. In other words, when the position where the heat medium flowing down vertically from the distribution pipe hits the distribution plate is slightly deviated from the central part in the opposite direction, the position where the heat medium contacts the distribution plate having a mountain-shaped cross section, Since it deviates from the top, the heat medium may be biased and distributed to one side in the opposite direction.

  On the other hand, in the distribution plate having a curved cross section, since there is no top portion that is a boundary on both sides in the facing direction, even if the position where the flowing heat medium hits is somewhat shifted from the central portion in the facing direction, It is possible to distribute the heat medium substantially evenly on both sides in the facing direction.

  In the distribution plate, a concave groove that receives the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe may be formed in the central portion in the facing direction so as to extend in the arrangement direction.

  In this way, the heat medium that has flowed down from the distribution pipe to the distribution plate is once received by the concave groove, flows toward both side edges so as to overflow from there, and is supplied to each heat exchange panel. Therefore, even if the flow position of the heat medium on the distribution plate slightly deviates in the opposite direction with respect to the central portion, if the heat medium flows into the concave groove, the heat medium is distributed almost evenly to both sides in the opposite direction. It is done. That is, the concave groove is an advantageous configuration for evenly distributing the heat medium in the facing direction.

  The distribution plate has a water flow surface for flowing the heat medium distributed to both sides in the facing direction between the center portion and both side edge portions toward the heat exchange panel. May be subjected to dispersion processing for dispersing the heat medium in the arrangement direction.

  The distribution pipe distributes and supplies the heat medium in the arrangement direction, but the distribution of the heat medium in the arrangement direction also in the distribution plate further suppresses the drift of the heat medium, which is advantageous for improving the vaporization performance of the heat exchange panel. become. This configuration is particularly effective in a configuration in which a number of flow-down ports are formed side by side in the arrangement direction in the distribution pipe, and the flow position of the heat medium with respect to the distribution plate is discrete in the arrangement direction. In other words, in the space between the distribution pipe and the distribution plate, local drift may occur between the formation site of the flow-down port and the non-formation site of the flow-down port, but the dispersion between the distribution plate and the heat exchange panel By dispersing the heat medium in the arrangement direction by processing, it is possible to supply the heat medium to the heat exchange panel after eliminating local drift.

  A guide pipe for guiding the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe toward the distribution plate is connected to the distribution pipe, and the distribution plate stands at the central portion in the facing direction. And a flow dividing plate for diverting the thermal fluid discharged from the lower end opening of the guide tube to both sides in the facing direction by inserting the upper end portion of the guide tube into the guide tube from the lower end opening of the guide tube. It is good also as having.

  This configuration is an advantageous configuration for ensuring the distribution of the heat medium by the distribution plate, and is particularly effective when an open rack type vaporizer is installed on the ship. That is, when the open rack type vaporizer is installed on the ship, the virtual axis connecting the distribution pipe and the distribution plate may be inclined with respect to the vertical direction when the ship is inclined in the opposite direction. At that time, since the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe flows down vertically, the flow position of the heat medium on the distribution plate is shifted from the central portion in the opposite direction, and the distribution of the heat medium in the opposite direction is uneven. There is a possibility.

  On the other hand, in the above-described configuration, the distribution pipe and the distribution plate are substantially connected by the guide tube, so the virtual axis connecting the distribution pipe and the distribution plate is inclined with respect to the vertical direction. Even if the heat medium flows, the heat medium flows down through the guide tube, so that the heat medium flows down to the center of the distribution plate. In addition, since the flow dividing plate standing on the distribution plate is inserted in the lower end opening of the guide tube, the heat medium discharged from the lower end opening is forced to one side and the other side in the opposite direction by the flow dividing plate. Is shunted. As a result, the supply amount of the heat medium supplied to each heat exchange panel can be surely equalized. That is, the above-described configuration is advantageous in ensuring the distribution of the heat medium by the distribution plate when the open rack type vaporizer is installed on the ship.

  The distribution plate may have at least one partition wall standing so as to divide the upper surface of the distribution plate into a plurality in the arrangement direction.

  This configuration is also effective when an open rack type vaporizer is installed on a ship. In other words, when the distribution board tilts in the arrangement direction due to the ship tilting in the arrangement direction, the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe hits the upper surface of the distribution board and then flows in the arrangement direction, so that the heat exchange panel There is a case where the heat medium supplied to is biased in the arrangement direction. In addition, there is a possibility that the distribution to both sides in the opposite direction will not function easily.

  On the other hand, in the above configuration, since the partition wall is erected on the upper surface of the distribution plate, the heat medium flowing in the arrangement direction on the upper surface of the distribution plate comes into contact with this partition wall, and the partition wall Along both sides of the opposite direction. If a plurality of distribution plates are arranged in a dispersed manner in the arrangement direction, the drift in the arrangement direction of the heat medium supplied to each heat exchange panel is suppressed. The partition wall can reliably maintain the function of distributing the heat medium.

  Moreover, in the distribution board which has the concave groove extended in an arrangement direction, you may make it provide a partition wall also in the concave groove. By doing so, when the distribution plate is inclined in the arrangement direction due to the ship inclining in the arrangement direction, the heat medium in the concave grooves flows to one side in the arrangement direction along with the inclination. Even if the distribution plate is inclined in the arrangement direction by dividing the inside of the concave groove into a plurality of sections by the partition wall, there is a possibility that the drift in the arrangement direction may occur with respect to the heat medium supplied to the heat exchange panel. It is suppressed that the heat medium in the concave groove flows to one side in the arrangement direction. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of drift in the arrangement direction of the heat medium supplied to each heat exchange panel.

  As described above, according to the open rack type vaporizer, the distribution pipe having the function of distributing the heat medium in the arrangement direction and the distribution plate having the function of distributing the heat medium to both sides in the opposing direction are combined. Thus, for each heat exchange panel facing in the opposite direction, it becomes possible to supply a heat medium while preventing drift, and by omitting a large volume trough, the distance between the heat exchange panels adjacent in the opposite direction An open rack type vaporizer capable of reducing installation space can be realized.

It is a perspective view which shows a part of upper structure in an open rack type vaporizer. It is sectional drawing of the upper structure in an open rack type vaporizer. It is a figure which illustrates the various dispersion processing given to the flowing water surface of a distribution board. It is a figure which illustrates various cross-sectional shapes of a distribution board. (A) The figure which shows the distribution board of the shape where the cross-sectional shape curved upward, (b) The distribution state of a heat medium when the flow position of the heat medium with respect to the said distribution board shifted | deviated from the center part is illustrated. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the combination of the guide pipe connected to a distribution pipe, and the flow distribution board attached to a distribution board. It is a perspective view which shows the example which provided the partition wall in the upper surface of the distribution board. In the example which provided the partition wall on the upper surface of the distribution board, (a) The cross-sectional view of a distribution board, (b) Side surface explanatory drawing of the upper structure in an open rack type vaporizer.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an open rack type vaporizer (Open Rack Vaporizer: ORV) 1 will be described with reference to the drawings. The description of the following embodiment is an example. In this example, the ORV 1 is a device that vaporizes liquefied natural gas (LNG) with seawater as a heat medium to produce natural gas (NG).

  1 and 2 are views showing the upper structure of the ORV 1. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the ORV 1 viewed obliquely from above, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the upper portion of the ORV 1 viewed from the front. In the figure, only two heat exchange panels 2 having a configuration described later are shown, but the ORV 1 is configured by arranging a large number of heat exchange panels 2 in parallel, and a pair of adjacent heat exchange panels 2. 2 is provided with the same configuration as in FIGS. As an example, the ORV 1 is installed on a ship, and for this reason, the installation space is reduced. However, the ORV 1 is not limited to installation on a ship, and may be installed on the ground.

  The ORV 1 has a heat exchange panel 2 configured in a panel shape by arranging a plurality of heat transfer tubes 21 at a predetermined pitch in the arrangement direction (that is, from the left front side to the right back side in FIG. 1). Yes. The plurality of heat exchange panels 2 are arranged facing each other at a predetermined interval in a facing direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction (that is, a direction from the left rear side to the right front side in FIG. 1).

  Each heat transfer tube 21 has a plurality of fins 22 extending radially outward in the cross section thereof, and each fin 22 extends from the vicinity of the upper end of the heat transfer tube 21 to the vicinity of the lower end of the figure. It extends between.

  The upper end of each heat transfer tube 21 is connected to an upper header tank 23 extending in the arrangement direction at a position above the heat transfer tube 21. Although not shown, the lower end of each heat transfer tube 21 is connected to a lower header tank extending in the arrangement direction in the same manner as the upper header tank 23. The liquefied natural gas is supplied to each heat transfer tube 21 through a lower header tank (not shown), vaporized while flowing through the heat transfer tube 21 from the bottom to the top, and the vaporized natural gas is sent out through the upper header tank 23.

  A heat medium supply means 3 for supplying a heat medium (seawater in this example) to each heat exchange panel 2 includes a distribution pipe 4 extending in the arrangement direction, and a distribution pipe 4 as shown in FIG. The distribution plate 5 is arranged directly below the pipe 4 and extends in the arrangement direction at a position between the pair of opposed heat exchange panels 2 and 2.

  The distribution pipe 4 is a pipe through which seawater flows. In this example, the distribution pipe 4 is disposed above the upper header tank 23 as shown in FIGS. The distribution pipe 4 is not limited to being disposed at a position above the upper header tank 23 and may be at least a position above the distribution plate 5. That is, it is sufficient if the position is higher than the fins 22 provided in each heat transfer tube 21. However, the arrangement of the distribution pipe 4 at a position above the upper header tank 23 is advantageous in reducing the interval between the heat exchange panels 2 as will be described later.

  In the lower part of the distribution pipe 4, a number of flow-down ports 41 for flowing sea water toward the distribution plate 5 are formed at a predetermined pitch in the arrangement direction. Thereby, the distribution pipe 4 supplies the distribution plate 5 while distributing seawater in the arrangement direction. The pitch of the flow-down ports 41 may be set corresponding to the pitch of the heat transfer tubes 21 in the heat exchange panel 2. For example, the pitch of the downflow ports 41 may be equal to that of the heat transfer tubes 21. Further, the pitch of the flow-down ports 41 may be arranged at the same pitch as the heat transfer tubes 21 and shifted by a half pitch with respect to the arrangement of the heat transfer tubes 21.

  In addition, the arrangement | sequence of the flow-down opening 41 may not be one line but may be made into multiple rows, and the flow-down openings 41 may be arranged in a staggered manner. Although not shown, instead of forming a large number of downflow ports 41 in the distribution pipe 4 at intervals, one or more slit-type downflow ports extending in the arrangement direction are formed in the lower part of the distribution pipe 4. You may do it. By forming such a slit-like flow-down port, seawater can be supplied to the distribution plate 5 while being distributed in the arrangement direction.

The distribution plate 5 is configured by bending a belt-like plate extending in the arrangement direction so as to have a predetermined cross-sectional shape. In the example of FIG. 2, the distribution plate is configured to have a substantially M-shaped cross section, so that the distribution plate 5 is recessed in a relatively shallow V shape at the center in the opposing direction. In addition, the groove 51 extends in the arrangement direction, and the water flow surfaces 52 are respectively inclined downward from the opposite end edges of the groove 51 toward both side edges of the distribution plate 5. Yes. In other words, the cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate 5 is configured such that the edge of the concave groove 51 serving as the central portion in the opposing direction is located above the both side edge portions.

  As shown in FIG. 2, each side edge of the distribution plate 5 is located in the vicinity of the upper end of the fin 22 provided in the heat exchange panel 2 with a predetermined gap in the opposing direction. As will be described later, the seawater flowing along the flowing water surface 52 in the heat exchange panel 2 prevents the solid matter such as dust and shells from accumulating between the heat exchange panel 2 and the distribution plate 5. Supplied to the upper end.

  The distribution pipe 4 and the distribution plate 5 may be made of, for example, aluminum alloy or FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics) in consideration of corrosiveness to seawater.

  In the heat medium supply means 3 having such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 2, the seawater flowing downward from the respective downflow ports 41 arranged in the arrangement direction in the distribution pipe 4 flows into the pair of upper header tanks 23, 23. Through the gap, the distribution plate 5 disposed directly below the distribution pipe 4 enters the concave groove 51 while being distributed in the arrangement direction. Since the concave groove 51 is formed in a shallow V shape as described above, seawater hardly accumulates in the concave groove 51 and overflows from each end edge of the concave groove 51 and is inclined obliquely downward. It flows on each flowing water surface 52. Thus, seawater is supplied from both side edges of the distribution plate 5 to the upper end surface of each of the pair of heat exchange panels 2. Seawater supplied to each heat exchange panel 2 flows downward with a liquid film formed on the surface of the heat exchange panel 2 and vaporizes LNG flowing in each heat transfer tube 21 as described above.

  The heat medium supply means 3 having this configuration faces the opposing direction by combining a distribution pipe 4 having a function of distributing seawater in the arrangement direction and a distribution plate 5 having a function of distributing seawater to both sides of the opposing direction. About each heat exchange panel 2, it becomes possible to supply a heat medium, preventing the drift about an arrangement direction. Thus, the drift of the seawater supplied to the heat exchange panel 2 is prevented while omitting the large-volume trough provided in the conventional ORV. As a result, only the distribution plate 5 having a relatively small size in the facing direction is disposed between the heat exchange panels 2 and 2. For this reason, it becomes possible to set the space | interval of heat exchange panels 2 and 2 narrower than before. Moreover, the direction which narrowed the space | interval of the heat exchange panels 2 and 2 can supply the seawater distributed by the distribution board 5 to the heat exchange panel 2 rapidly. Therefore, in this ORV1, the interval between the heat exchange panels 2 and 2 is set to 200 mm to 400 mm (in the ORV having a conventional trough, the interval between the heat exchange panels is 500 to 600 mm). . As a result, space saving of the installation of the ORV 1 is achieved, which is particularly advantageous for installation on the ship. The space between the heat exchange panels 2 and 2 is set to be wide when a person may enter between the heat exchange panels 2 for maintenance or repair of the heat exchange panel 2. When there is no person in between, you can set narrower. In addition, when the distribution pipe 4 is arranged below the upper header tank 23, the distance between the heat exchange panels 2 may be restricted depending on the diameter of the distribution pipe 4, but the diameter of the distribution pipe 4 is limited. If the diameter is relatively small, it is possible to arrange the distribution pipe 4 between the upper ends of the heat transfer tubes 21 where the fins 22 are not formed, while setting the interval between the heat exchange panels 2 narrow. It is.

  Further, by making the cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate 5 approximately M-shaped, the center portion thereof is positioned above the side edge portions, and the seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4 is allowed to flow on both sides in the opposite direction. Can be automatically and substantially evenly distributed. Further, since the distribution plate 5 is provided with a concave groove 51, even if the seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4 slightly deviates from the central portion in the opposing direction of the distribution plate 5, If seawater flows down, it becomes possible to distribute seawater substantially evenly on both sides in the opposite direction. This contributes to improving the vaporization performance of the entire ORV 1 by equalizing the seawater supplied to the heat exchange panels 2 and 2 on both sides of the distribution plate 5.

(Configuration example for suppressing local drift in the arrangement direction)
As described above, in the distribution pipe 4, a large number of flow-down ports 41 are formed at intervals in the arrangement direction, so that when seawater is supplied to the heat exchange panel 2 through the distribution plate 5, There is a possibility that a local drift occurs between a place where the mouth 41 is formed and a place where the flow-down mouth 41 is not formed. Therefore, in order to avoid such local drift, dispersion processing may be performed in which the water flow surface 52 of the distribution plate 5 is provided with recesses and / or protrusions for dispersing seawater in the arrangement direction.

  3A to 3D show an example of the dispersion processing applied to the water surface 52. FIG. First, FIG. 3A is a processing example in which a plurality of grooves 53 extending in the arrangement direction are formed on the flowing water surface 52 at predetermined intervals. 3, the seawater that flows from the top to the bottom of FIG. 3 (that is, the seawater that flows along the flowing water surface 52 from the edge of the groove 51 to the side edge in the distribution plate 5). ) Flows so as to spread in the arrangement direction in each groove 53 in the middle. As a result, it is possible to supply seawater to the heat exchange panel 2 after eliminating local drift.

  FIG. 3B shows a processing example in which a large number of round protrusions 54 are arranged at equal intervals on the flowing water surface 52. 3, the seawater flowing from the top to the bottom of FIG. 3 changes its flow in the arrangement direction every time it hits the projection 54, so that local drift is eliminated and seawater is supplied to the heat exchange panel 2. Is done. In addition, the shape of the protrusion 54 can adopt an arbitrary shape, for example, an appropriate shape such as a triangular shape. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular also in arrangement | positioning of the protrusion 54, Appropriate arrangement | positioning can be employ | adopted.

  FIG. 3C shows a processing example in which a large number of obliquely inclined rib-like protrusions 55 are arranged in a predetermined arrangement on the water flow surface 52 so as to form a lattice. By forming such protrusions 55, the local drift is eliminated by changing the flow of seawater flowing from the top to the bottom of FIG. 3 in the arrangement direction as described above.

  FIG. 3D shows a processing example in which a large number of dents 56 are arranged at equal intervals on the flowing water surface 52, and seawater flowing from the top to the bottom of FIG. By changing the direction, local drift is eliminated. There is no restriction | limiting in particular regarding the shape and arrangement | positioning of such a dent 56, It is possible to employ | adopt suitable shape and arrangement | positioning.

  Such dispersion processing is advantageous in improving the vaporization performance of the heat exchange panel 2 by further suppressing the drift of the heat medium. It is also possible to form a dispersion process other than the shapes shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D on the water flow surface 52.

(Modifications regarding the shape of the distribution plate)
As shown in FIG. 2, the distribution plate 5 can adopt various shapes in addition to being formed in a substantially M-shaped cross section. FIG. 4 shows a modification of the cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate 5.

  FIG. 4A shows an example in which the shape of the groove 51 is not V-shaped, but a flat portion is provided at the bottom of the groove 51. Similar to the distribution plate 5 shown in FIG. 2, the distribution plate 5 having such a shape also has an advantageous configuration for evenly distributing seawater to both sides in the opposite direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the concave groove of the distribution plate 5 may be omitted. In FIG. 4B, the distribution plate 5 is formed by the flowing water surfaces 52, 52 extending obliquely downward from the central portion toward both side edge portions so that the cross-sectional shape thereof becomes a mountain shape as a whole. . In the distribution plate 5 having this shape, seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4 hits the vicinity of the top of the central portion, so that the seawater is automatically and substantially evenly distributed to both sides in the opposite direction.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.4 (c), the cross-sectional shape is reverse T character by the flat board which spreads the distribution board 5 to a horizontal direction, and the vertical board erected in the center part of this horizontal board. You may form so that it may become a shape. Such a distribution plate 5 also has a central portion in the opposite direction (upper end portion of the vertical plate) positioned above both side edge portions (each edge portion of the horizontal plate). The sea water that has flowed down to the center of the distribution plate 5 is divided into both sides in the opposite direction by the vertical plate, and then flows to the both sides in the opposite direction along the upper surface of the horizontal plate, that is, the flowing water surface 52. The panel 2 is supplied.

  Moreover, as shown to Fig.5 (a), you may make the cross-sectional shape of the distribution board 5 into the curved shape convex upwards. In the example of Fig.5 (a), the cross-sectional shape is made into circular arc shape. In the distribution plate 5 having this shape, the flowing water surface 52 has a curved shape. In such a distribution plate 5 as well, like the mountain-shaped distribution plate 5, the central part in the opposite direction is positioned higher than the side edges, so that the seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4 is in the center. By hitting the vicinity of the section, seawater is automatically and substantially evenly distributed to both sides in the opposite direction. In particular, the arc-shaped distribution plate 5 does not have a top like the mountain-shaped distribution plate 5 in FIG. 4B, and therefore, as shown in FIG. Even if seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4 hits the distribution plate 5 from the center in the opposite direction, the amount of distribution to both sides in the opposite direction can be substantially equal.

(Configuration example specific to ORV installed on board)
As described above, when the ORV 1 is installed on the ship, the entire ORV 1 is inclined in the facing direction and / or the arrangement direction due to the inclination of the ship. For example, when the ORV 1 is inclined in the opposite direction, a virtual axis connecting the distribution pipe 4 and the distribution plate 5 is inclined with respect to the vertical direction. On the other hand, since the seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4 toward the distribution board 5 flows down vertically, the seawater that has flowed down is hit from the center of the distribution board 5, as a result. There is a possibility that the distribution of seawater to both sides of the direction is biased to one side. The configuration example of the heat medium supply unit 3 illustrated in FIG. 6 is an effective configuration example for reliably preventing uneven distribution even when tilted in the facing direction.

  That is, a guide pipe 42 extending vertically downward is attached to each flow-down port 41 of the distribution pipe 4. The guide pipe 42 is a pipe for guiding the flow direction of seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4. Even when the ORV 1 is inclined due to the inclination of the ship, the seawater flows down along the guide tube 42.

  On the other hand, a flow dividing plate 57 is erected at the center of the distribution plate 5 having a cross section formed in a mountain shape, and the upper end of the flow dividing plate 57 is inserted into the lower end opening of the guide tube 42. Yes. Thus, the flow dividing plate 57 divides the lower end opening of the guide tube 42 into one side and the other side in the opposing direction. With such a configuration, seawater that flows down from the downflow port 41 of the distribution pipe 4 and discharges from the lower end of the guide pipe 42 is forcibly and evenly divided on both sides in the opposing direction by the flow distribution plate 57. Therefore, even when the ship is tilted and the ORV 1 is tilted accordingly, the seawater flowing down from the distribution pipe 4 to the distribution plate 5 is forcibly and evenly divided by the distribution plate 57 on both sides in the opposite direction. Is avoided. That is, it is advantageous for improving the performance of the ORV 1 installed on the ship.

  As the cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate 5, an appropriate shape can be adopted from FIGS. 2, 4A, 4C, 5 and the like.

  In addition, when a slit-like flow-down port is formed in the distribution pipe 4, a guide tube having an elongated channel corresponding to the slit-shaped flow-down port may be attached to the distribution pipe 4. A pair of guide plates may be attached to the distribution pipe 4 on both sides in the opposite direction across the flow-down port.

  On the other hand, when the ship is inclined in the arrangement direction, in the distribution board 5 (see FIGS. 2 and 4A) in which the concave grooves 51 are formed, the distribution board 5 is inclined in the arrangement direction. And the seawater in the ditch | groove 51 will flow to one side of the arrangement direction, and the seawater supplied to the heat exchange panel 2 will be biased in the arrangement direction. FIG. 7 is a configuration example of the distribution plate 5 effective in suppressing the drift caused by the inclination in the arrangement direction. That is, a partition wall 58 for dividing the distribution plate 5 including the inside of the concave groove 51 into a plurality in the arrangement direction is provided from the concave groove 51 of the distribution plate 5 to the flow surface 52. In the illustrated example, a plurality of partition walls 58 are arranged at equal intervals in the arrangement direction. The number and arrangement (interval) of the partition walls 58 can be set as appropriate. The partition wall 58 prevents seawater from flowing in one direction of the arrangement direction when the distribution plate 5 is inclined in the arrangement direction. The height of the partition wall 53 may be set in consideration of the deviation of the water film thickness caused by the inclination to the water film thickness caused by the assumed water amount. As a result, the seawater supplied to the heat exchange panel 2 is suppressed from being biased in the arrangement direction. This configuration is also advantageous for improving the performance of the ORV 1 installed on the ship. It is also possible to provide a partition wall only in the concave groove 51.

  FIG. 8 shows a configuration example in which a partition wall 58 is erected on the upper surface of the distribution plate 5 having no concave groove. The partition walls 58 in this case are arranged at a predetermined pitch with respect to the upper surface of the distribution plate 5 extending in the arrangement direction, as shown in FIGS. The upper surface is divided into a plurality in the arrangement direction. In the illustrated example, the pitch of the partition walls 58 is set to the same pitch as that of the flow-down port 41 of the distribution pipe 4, and at the same time, the pitch of the heat transfer tubes 21 is also set to be the same. In such a configuration, the seawater flowing down from each flow outlet 41 comes into contact with the partition wall 58 and is distributed to both sides in the opposing direction along the partition wall 58, and the heat exchange panel 2, more precisely, each heat transfer tube. 21 is supplied. Thus, the partition wall 58 erected on the upper surface of the distribution plate 5 can also function as promotion of distribution of the heat medium to both sides in the opposing direction.

  On the other hand, when the ORV 1 is inclined in the arrangement direction, the seawater flowing down from the respective flow outlets 41 is separated from the partition wall 58 and comes into contact with the upper surface of the distribution plate 5, and then the distribution plate 5 inclined in the arrangement direction. Along the direction of the arrangement direction. However, the seawater flowing on the upper surface of the distribution plate 5 hits the partition wall 58 and flows to both sides in the facing direction along the partition wall 58. Thus, the partition wall 58 prevents the seawater supplied to the heat exchange panel 2 from being biased in the arrangement direction when the ORV 1 is inclined in the arrangement direction. At the same time, the partition wall 58 also functions to reliably distribute seawater to both sides in the opposite direction. In addition, as the distribution board 5, what gave the dispersion | distribution process as shown in FIG. 3 may be used, and the partition wall 58 may be standingly arranged on the upper surface.

  Note that the pitch of the partition walls 58 may be the same pitch as the flow-down port 41 of the distribution pipe 4 and may be shifted by a half pitch. The pitch of the partition walls 58 may be the same as that of the heat transfer tube 21 and may be shifted by a half pitch. Furthermore, if the pitch of the partition wall 58 is set to ½ pitch or ¼ pitch of the heat transfer tube 21, it is possible to suppress the drift that occurs in the width direction of the heat transfer tube 21. The arrangement relationship among the flow-down port 41, the heat transfer tube 21, and the partition wall 58 can be set as appropriate.

  The above-described configurations described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 can be freely combined within an appropriate range.

  As described above, the open rack type vaporizer disclosed herein can reduce the installation space while preventing the heat medium from drifting with respect to the heat exchange panel, and therefore, including the LNG vaporizer, It can be used for vaporization of liquefied gas, and is particularly useful as a vaporizer installed on a ship, for example, when installation space is limited.

1 Open rack type vaporizer (ORV)
2 Heat Exchange Panel 21 Heat Transfer Tube 3 Heat Medium Supply Means 4 Distribution Pipe 42 Guide Tube 5 Distribution Plate 51 Groove 52 Flowing Water Surface 53 Groove (Dispersion Processing)
54 Round projection (dispersion processing)
55 Protrusion (dispersion processing)
56 Indentation (dispersion processing)
57 Shunt plate 58 Partition wall

Claims (8)

At least a pair of heat exchange panels configured to include a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged in a predetermined direction, and arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval in an opposing direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the heat transfer tubes. When,
Heat medium supply means for supplying the heat medium to each heat exchange panel so that the heat medium flows down along the surface from the upper end of the heat exchange panel,
An open rack type vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied gas supplied into each heat transfer tube by the heat medium supplied to the surface of each heat exchange panel,
The heat medium supply means is arranged to extend in the arrangement direction at a position between a distribution pipe arranged to extend in the arrangement direction at a position above the heat exchange panel and a pair of the heat exchange panels facing each other. A distribution board, and
The distribution pipe distributes the heat medium in the arrangement direction, and causes the heat medium to flow down toward the distribution plate,
The distribution plate distributes the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe to both sides in the facing direction, and supplies the heat medium to the upper end surface of each of the heat exchange panels facing the facing direction. apparatus. In the open rack type vaporizer according to claim 1,
The open rack type vaporizer in which the distance between the opposing directions of the pair of heat exchange panels is set to 200 to 400 mm. In the open rack type vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2,
The cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate is an open rack type vaporizer configured such that a central portion in the opposing direction is positioned above both side edge portions. In the open rack type vaporizer according to claim 3,
The cross-sectional shape of the said distribution board is an open rack type vaporizer formed in the curved shape which became convex upward. In the open rack type vaporizer according to claim 3 or 4,
The open rack type vaporizing device, wherein the distribution plate is formed with a concave groove for receiving the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe in the central portion in the facing direction, extending in the arrangement direction. In the open rack type vaporizer according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The distribution plate has a flowing water surface for flowing the heat medium distributed to both sides in the facing direction between the center portion and both side edge portions toward the heat exchange panel,
An open rack type vaporizer in which the flow surface is subjected to dispersion processing for dispersing the heat medium in the arrangement direction. In the open rack type vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A guide pipe for guiding the heat medium flowing down from the distribution pipe toward the distribution plate is connected to the distribution pipe,
The distribution plate is erected at the central portion in the facing direction, and the upper end portion of the distribution plate is inserted into the guide tube from the lower end opening of the guide tube, thereby being discharged from the lower end opening of the guide tube. An open rack type vaporizer having a flow dividing plate for diverting the thermal fluid to both sides in the facing direction. In the open rack type vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The open rack type vaporizer is provided with at least one partition wall standing on the distribution plate so as to divide the upper surface of the distribution plate into a plurality in the arrangement direction.

Images