JP2014088540A - Heat treated firewood for camping and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Heat treated firewood for camping and method for manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 33
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- 241001076976 Aroma aroma Species 0.000 description 2
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007866 Chamaemelum nobile Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000301850 Cupressus sempervirens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011511 Diospyros Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000236655 Diospyros kaki Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000178870 Lavandula angustifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010663 Lavandula angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000042664 Matricaria chamomilla Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007232 Matricaria chamomilla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000178231 Rosmarinus officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
- B27C5/00—Machines designed for producing special profiles or shaped work, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、熱処理されたキャンプ用薪の製造方法及びこれによって製造される熱処理されたキャンプ用薪に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、野外での着火が薪や炭より容易であり、煤及び火の粉の発生を減少でき、砕きにくい熱処理されたキャンプ用薪及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a heat-treated camping kite and a heat-treated camping kite manufactured thereby. More particularly, the present invention relates to a heat-treated camping camp fire that is easier to ignite in the field than firewood and charcoal, can reduce the generation of firewood and sparks, and is difficult to break, and a method for manufacturing the same.
2005年以後、家族単位の野外キャンプのための空間として増加されているオートキャンプ場は新しい休養施設として脚光を浴びている。そのようなオートキャンプ場において、最も日常化されているものが、キャンプ場で火を焚くことであり、これは日常の疲れとストレスを解消する。特に、人間には、火を焚く行為自体が他の満足と達成感を持たせることができる行動なので、それによる楽しみを感じることができる。同時に、オートキャンプ場における炊事活動も、家族間の共同体意識をより高めて堅くすることができる。このような炊事活動の中で主たるものは、薪や炭を用いたキャンプファイヤーとバーベキューにより肉を焼いて食べることである。 Since 2005, the auto campground, which has been increasing as a space for family outdoor camping, has attracted attention as a new recreational facility. In such an auto campsite, the most common thing is to burn fire at the campsite, which eliminates daily fatigue and stress. In particular, human beings can feel pleasure because the act of burning is an action that can give other satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment. At the same time, cooking activities at the auto campground can be strengthened by raising the sense of community among families. The main thing in such cooking activities is to bake and eat meat on a campfire and barbecue using firewood and charcoal.
このように肉を焼いてキャンプファイヤーをするためにはグリルが必要であり、燃料としては炭又は薪などが用いられる。一般的に用いられる燃料は炭であり、これは木材を500℃度以上の高温で多様な炭化方法を通じて製造したものであり木炭ともいう。その材料としては、一般的に材質の堅い木が用いられており、韓国ではクヌギ類(ハハソ、アベマキ、ミズナラ、コナラなど)が主に用いられる。クヌギ類で作った炭を堅炭というが、これは他の木類より製品が優れて効能が良いものとして知られている。 In order to grill meat and make a campfire in this way, a grill is necessary, and charcoal or firewood is used as fuel. A commonly used fuel is charcoal, which is made of wood through various carbonization methods at a high temperature of 500 ° C. or higher and is also called charcoal. In general, hardwood is used as the material. In Korea, cucumbers (Hahaso, Abemaki, Mizunara, Quercus, etc.) are mainly used. Charcoal made from cucumbers is called hard coal, which is known to be superior to other trees and have better efficacy.
バーベキューの燃料としての炭の使用は、薪に比べて50%以下の重量であるため運搬移動が簡単であり、煙があまり発生せず、一旦火が着いたら低い温度で肉を焼くことができるという長所がある。しかし、これに反して、木材から多様な抽出物(燃焼を助けるメタンガス、酢酸、水素、酸素など)が除去されて炭素成分だけ残るので初期燃焼が大変困難であり、取扱い時に壊れやすく、煤が付いて取扱いが不便であるのみならず、点火時に火の粉が飛んで周りに火災を引き起こす危険性があったり、やけどを起こすなどの短所がある。 The use of charcoal as fuel for barbecue is less than 50% of the weight of firewood, so it is easy to transport and transport, does not generate much smoke, and can be baked at low temperatures once lit. There is an advantage. However, on the other hand, various extracts (methane gas, acetic acid, hydrogen, oxygen, etc. that help combustion) are removed from the wood, leaving only the carbon component, so initial combustion is very difficult, it is fragile during handling, Not only is it inconvenient to handle, but there are also disadvantages such as the risk of causing sparks around the fire when it is ignited, and causing burns.
製炭法としては、無蓋製炭法、堆積製炭法、坑内製炭法、築窯製炭法などがあり、近年では、粉砕された木材を圧縮してこれを炭化させる成形炭製造方法が提案されている。 As the coal making method, there are an uncovered coal method, a pile coal making method, an underground coal making method, a built-in kiln making method, etc. In recent years, there has been a method for producing a formed coal by compressing pulverized wood and carbonizing it. Proposed.
このうち、粉砕木を圧縮して炭を製造する方法は、原木を細かく粉砕する工程と、粉砕木(細かく粉砕された木材)を圧縮機を用いて一定の大きさに圧縮成形する工程と、その成形物を加熱して炭火木(炭)を製造する工程からなる。 Among these, the method of compressing the pulverized wood to produce charcoal includes a step of finely pulverizing the raw wood, a step of compressing and molding the pulverized wood (finely pulverized wood) to a certain size using a compressor, It consists of a process of heating the molded product to produce charcoal wood (charcoal).
しかしながら、このような従来の炭製造方法によると、粉砕木を圧縮成形した後にも割れが生じ易く、そのような問題を解消するために、粉砕木に接着剤を混合して圧縮成形することが行われる。 However, according to such a conventional charcoal manufacturing method, cracks are likely to occur even after compression molding of the pulverized wood, and in order to solve such problems, it is possible to mix the crushed wood with an adhesive and perform compression molding. Done.
このように炭の内部に接着剤が含まれている場合、消費者が肉などを焼くために炭を燃焼させる際に、炭に含まれている接着剤により有害ガスが発生する問題点がある。また、このような成形炭だけではなく、堅炭の場合にも、炭の特性上から多量の煤が発生し易く、さらに砕け易いという問題がある。 In this way, when the adhesive is contained inside the charcoal, when the consumer burns the charcoal to burn meat, there is a problem that harmful gas is generated by the adhesive contained in the charcoal. . Further, not only such coal coal, but also hard coal, there is a problem that a large amount of soot is easily generated due to the characteristics of the charcoal and further crushed.
炭の代わりに用いられるのが、オートキャンプ場で直接販売している薪である。薪は、水分が除去されていないので重く、炭よりは初期点火が容易であるが、薪が保有している水分の含有によって煙が発生し着火させるのが困難である。さらに、火の粉が多く発生するという短所だけではなく、一旦火が付いた後にも肉を焼く際の火炎の調節が難しく、バーベキュー料理を台無しにする場合が多い。 Instead of charcoal, it should be sold directly at auto campsites. The soot is heavy because moisture has not been removed, and is easier to ignite than charcoal, but it is difficult to ignite because smoke is generated due to the moisture contained in the soot. Furthermore, it is not only a disadvantage that a lot of sparks are generated, but also it is difficult to control the flame when grilling meat once it has ignited, which often ruins barbecue dishes.
また、オートキャンプ場においてグリルを用いて火を焚くさらに他の意味及び理由として、単純に炭を用いて肉を焼くこと以外に、夜間の照明として利用する、家族が揃って話すことのできる空間を提供するというさらなる目的があるが、炭や薪ではそのような空間を提供するには、煙が発生する及び火炎が少ないなどの問題がある。 Another reason and reason for using a grill in an auto campsite is to use it as a nighttime lighting, in addition to simply grilling meat using charcoal. However, there are problems such as generation of smoke and less flame in order to provide such a space with charcoal and firewood.
したがって、本発明は上記のような従来の問題点を解決するために案出されたものであり、オートキャンプ場で用いられるバーベキューグリルの燃料として用いられる薪の燃焼上の短所である、初期点火時間の短縮化が可能であり、煙の発生を抑制させることのみならず、従来の薪に比べて高発熱量を実現でき、さらに、キャンプファイヤー用薪として用いた後にバーベキュー用として用いることができ、通常の薪より硬度が強化されて砕け難い、熱処理されたキャンプ用薪及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been devised to solve the above-described conventional problems, and is an initial ignition that is a disadvantage in burning firewood used as fuel for barbecue grills used in auto campgrounds. The time can be shortened, and not only the generation of smoke can be suppressed, but also a higher calorific value compared to conventional firewood can be realized, and furthermore, it can be used as a barbecue after being used as a campfire firewood. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat-treated camping kite whose hardness is higher than that of a conventional kite and which is hard to break, and a method for manufacturing the same.
本発明の熱処理されたキャンプ用薪の製造方法は、望ましくは、アベマキ、ハハソ、コナラ、クヌギなどのクヌギ類、又はアカシアの木、シラカバなどの広葉樹を含む原木を一定の長さで切断する工程と、切断した原木を急速高熱加工処理室に移動させた後、150℃から230℃の温度で5時間から24時間の間、一定の湿度範囲内で蒸気噴射を用いて湿度調節を並行しながら高熱加工処理を行う工程と、急速高熱加工処理室内の温度を徐々に常温で一定時間の間減少させる工程とを含んでなり、重量比50wt%以上80wt%未満の炭素含量を持って成分中、セルロースの熱分解を起すことなくヘミセルロースを熱分解して初期着火時間を短縮し煙及び火の粉の発生を減少させたことを特徴とする。 The method for producing a heat-treated camping firewood according to the present invention is preferably a step of cutting raw wood containing cucumbers such as abemaki, hahaso, konara, kunugi, or broad-leaved trees such as acacia trees and birch, to a certain length. And after moving the cut raw wood to a rapid high heat processing chamber, while adjusting the humidity using steam jet in a certain humidity range at a temperature of 150 to 230 ° C. for 5 to 24 hours A step of performing a high heat processing treatment, and a step of gradually decreasing the temperature in the rapid high heat processing chamber at a normal temperature for a certain time, and having a carbon content of 50 wt% or more and less than 80 wt% in the components, It is characterized in that hemicellulose is thermally decomposed without causing thermal decomposition of cellulose, thereby shortening the initial ignition time and reducing the generation of smoke and sparks.
また、切断する工程の後、切断された原木を中央部分が凹み直径が中央から両側に行くほど大きくなる形状に回転旋盤加工切削する工程をさらに含んでなることができる。 In addition, after the cutting step, the cutting may further include a step of rotating and cutting the cut log into a shape in which the central portion is recessed and the diameter increases from the center toward both sides.
また、高熱加工処理を行う工程における湿度調節は、相対湿度50%〜80%の範囲内で蒸気噴射を用いてなることが望ましい。 Moreover, it is desirable that the humidity adjustment in the process of performing the high heat processing is performed using steam injection within a range of 50% to 80% relative humidity.
また、高熱加工処理を行う工程は、望ましい実施態様として、切断された原木の表面にアロマオイルが含有された植物性オイルを塗布してなることができる。 Moreover, the process of performing a high heat processing process can apply | coat the vegetable oil in which the aroma oil was contained on the surface of the cut raw wood as a desirable embodiment.
回転旋盤加工切削する工程は、切断された原木の中央に長さ方向で中孔を形成する工程をさらに含んでなることができる。 The step of cutting with a lathe may further include a step of forming a bore in the length direction at the center of the cut raw wood.
切断された原木は、望ましい実施態様として、アベマキ、ハハソ、コナラ、クヌギなどのクヌギ類と、アカシアの木、シラカバなどの広葉樹と、一般的に松脂を称えるロジン(Rosin)などの燃焼時に発生する黒煙などの理由で用いない松類、檜又は杉類などの針葉樹類とをも用いることができる。 In a preferred embodiment, the cut raw wood is generated when burning cucumbers such as Abemaki, Hahaso, Konara, Kunugi, broad-leaved trees such as acacia trees and birch, and rosin that generally refers to rosin. It is also possible to use conifers such as pine, cypress or cedar that are not used for reasons such as black smoke.
したがって、本発明によれば、オートキャンプ場で用いられるバーベキューグリルの燃料として用いられる薪の燃焼上の短所を解消して初期点火時間の短縮が可能であり、煙の発生及び火の粉の発生を抑制させることのみならず、一般の薪に比べて高発熱量を実現することができる熱処理されたキャンプ用薪が提供される。 Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the initial ignition time by eliminating the disadvantages of burning soot used as fuel for barbecue grills used in auto campsites, and suppress the generation of smoke and sparks. A heat-treated camping kite that can realize a higher calorific value than a general kite is provided.
また、本発明の熱処理されたキャンプ用薪によれば、炭に比べて煤の発生が少なく、砕け難いという効果がある。 Moreover, according to the heat-treated camping firewood of the present invention, there is an effect that the occurrence of firewood is less than that of charcoal and it is difficult to break.
以下、本発明による熱処理されたキャンプ用薪をその製造方法を通じてより詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the heat-treated camping ridge according to the present invention will be described in detail through its manufacturing method.
まず、アベマキ、ハハソ、コナラ、クヌギなどのクヌギ類、又はアカシアの木、シラカバなどの広葉樹類を含む原木を所定の長さで切断する工程を実行する。この工程では、原木を用いるに適当な約10cmから50cmの大きさに切断する。本発明に用いられる原木では、一般的に使われるクヌギ類(ハハソ、アベマキ、ミズナラなど)及びアカシアの木、シラカバなどの広葉樹を主に用いるが、針葉樹(松類/檜/杉)も用いることができる。従来においては、松脂などの理由でキャンプ用には殆ど用いられることができなかったが、本発明では熱処理過程を経ることで後述の通りに針葉樹をも使用が可能となる。 First, a process of cutting raw wood including cucumbers such as abemaki, hahaso, konara, kunugi, or broad-leaved trees such as acacia trees and birch trees is performed at a predetermined length. In this step, the raw wood is cut to a size of about 10 cm to 50 cm, which is suitable for use. In the logs used in the present invention, commonly used cucumbers (Hahaso, Abemaki, Mizunara, etc.) and acacia trees, birch and other broadleaf trees are mainly used, but conifers (pines / woods / cedars) are also used. Can do. In the past, it could hardly be used for camping because of pine resin or the like, but in the present invention, it is possible to use coniferous trees as will be described later through a heat treatment process.
切断する工程の後、後述の通りに熱加工処理を経ることとなるが、望ましい一実施形態として、切断する工程の後、切断された原木の外形を図1に示したように、直径が中央から両側に行くほど大きくなる形状に回転旋盤加工切削する工程を選択的に行うことができる。すなわち、中央部分における直径が両側部分の直径より小さく、両側に行くほど徐々に直径が大きくなるように回転旋盤加工切削する。 After the cutting step, thermal processing is performed as described later. As a preferred embodiment, after cutting, the outer shape of the cut raw wood is shown in FIG. Can be selectively performed in the process of turning a lathe into a shape that increases toward the both sides. That is, the rotary lathe is cut so that the diameter at the center portion is smaller than the diameter at both side portions and gradually increases toward the both sides.
このように本発明の一実施形態として、特殊形状に回転旋盤加工切削する理由は、薪などは外から中に向かって燃え上がるがこのように中央部分を凹ませて直径が中央から両側に行くほど大きくなる形状に加工をすることで、グリルで燃焼させる場合に内部に残っている燃焼ガスを円滑に排出させて燃焼効率を高めるためである。また、炭は一般的にトングで掴んでグリルや火床に運ぶこととなるが、本発明ではこのような回転旋盤加工を行うことにより、中央の凹んだ部分をトングで掴んで運ぶ場合に、落下しにくくなることから、従来のように炭を落として壊してしまうという問題を解消することができる。 Thus, as one embodiment of the present invention, the reason for turning and cutting into a special shape is that the soot burns from the outside to the inside, but the center portion is recessed and the diameter goes from the center to both sides. This is because by processing into a larger shape, combustion gas remaining in the interior is smoothly discharged when combustion is performed on the grill, and combustion efficiency is increased. In addition, charcoal is generally grabbed with tongs and carried to the grill and firebed, but in the present invention, by performing such rotary lathe processing, when grabbing the central concave portion with tongs and carrying it, Since it becomes difficult to fall, the problem of dropping and breaking charcoal as in the past can be solved.
バーベキュー用燃料として用いる場合、一般に、多数の薪又は炭をグリル内に積載して燃焼させることとなるが、一定の断面積を持つ薪又は炭を積載する場合、本発明によれば積載時に中央部分が凹んでいるため外部から空気流入が円滑となり燃焼効率が向上するという利点も得られる。 When used as a fuel for barbecue, generally, a large number of firewood or charcoal is loaded and burned in the grill, but when loading firewood or charcoal having a constant cross-sectional area, according to the present invention, Since the portion is recessed, the air can be smoothly flowed in from the outside and the combustion efficiency can be improved.
また、回転旋盤による加工に加えて、図1に示すように、切断された原木の軸中心部に長さ方向(軸方向)の孔を掘って中孔を作成する工程を行う。このように切断された原木の中央に長さ方向の中孔を形成することにより、空気との接触面積を増加させて初期燃焼効果を増進させることができる。 Further, in addition to processing by a rotary lathe, as shown in FIG. 1, a step of digging a hole in the length direction (axial direction) in the axial center portion of the cut raw wood to create a middle hole is performed. By forming a longitudinal bore in the center of the cut raw wood in this way, the area of contact with air can be increased and the initial combustion effect can be enhanced.
次いで、上述した切断加工工程を経た原木を急速高熱加工処理室に移動させた後、150℃から230℃の温度で5時間から24時間の間、高熱加工処理を行う。一般の良く乾かした薪の場合であっても、含水率が約10%〜18%であり、このような薪内の水分が燃焼時に木材成分と熱反応をすることで不完全燃焼し、多量の煙が発生することとなり、これと共に火の粉が多く発生することとなる。 Next, after the raw wood that has undergone the above-described cutting process is moved to the rapid high heat processing chamber, high heat processing is performed at a temperature of 150 ° C. to 230 ° C. for 5 hours to 24 hours. Even in the case of ordinary well-dried soot, the moisture content is about 10% to 18%, and the moisture in such soot burns incompletely due to a thermal reaction with the wood components during combustion, and a large amount As a result, a lot of sparks will be generated.
このような問題点を解消するため、本発明では、上述したように、150℃から230℃の温度で5時間から24時間の間、高熱加工処理させることで原木内の水分及び一部の木材成分が除去され、煙及び火の粉の発生が顕著に減少される熱処理された薪を製造するようになる。 In order to eliminate such problems, in the present invention, as described above, moisture in the raw wood and a part of the wood are obtained by high-temperature processing at a temperature of 150 to 230 ° C. for 5 to 24 hours. It produces a heat-treated soot that removes the components and significantly reduces the generation of smoke and sparks.
また、この工程で温度を150℃以上に維持する理由は、木材を構成する化学的成分の中でヘミセルロースは150℃以上の温度で熱分解が生じて木材の化学的、物理的性質が変化させるが、このような過程を通じて水気吸着点が減少され、これによって収縮、膨張率が安定的に維持されて耐久性が改善されるためである。また、本発明における高熱加工処理は230℃以下で実行されるが、このように230℃以下で実行する理由は木材の構成成分の中でセルロースは240℃から350℃で熱分解が起きるようになり、このようなセルロースの分解が起きると強度が低下し、最終産物が砕け易くなる原因となるためである。よって、本発明では、セルロースの熱分解が起きない230℃以下で処理を行う。 The reason for maintaining the temperature at 150 ° C. or higher in this step is that hemicellulose, among the chemical components constituting the wood, undergoes thermal decomposition at a temperature of 150 ° C. or higher and changes the chemical and physical properties of the wood. However, this is because the water adsorption point is reduced through such a process, whereby the contraction and expansion rate are stably maintained and the durability is improved. In addition, the high heat processing in the present invention is performed at 230 ° C. or lower, and the reason for performing at 230 ° C. or lower is that cellulose is thermally decomposed at 240 ° C. to 350 ° C. among the constituent components of wood. Thus, when such decomposition of cellulose occurs, the strength is lowered, and the final product is easily broken. Therefore, in the present invention, the treatment is carried out at 230 ° C. or lower at which the thermal decomposition of cellulose does not occur.
下記の表1はこのような本発明の加工過程を経た熱処理された薪、生材(薪)、及び一般炭の組成物を比べた表である。ただし、表1において、事例−1は170℃で5時間熱処理、事例−2は190℃で5時間熱処理した場合である。 Table 1 below is a table comparing the composition of heat-treated firewood, raw material (firewood), and general charcoal that have undergone the processing process of the present invention. However, in Table 1, Case-1 is a case of heat treatment at 170 ° C. for 5 hours, and Case-2 is a case of heat treatment at 190 ° C. for 5 hours.
表1から各元素別重量比による単位重量の発熱量は、物質の元素構成割合から発熱量を算出する下記の式(1)から求められる。 From Table 1, the calorific value of the unit weight based on the weight ratio for each element can be obtained from the following formula (1) for calculating the calorific value from the element constituent ratio of the substance.
HHVfuel=0.3491C+1.1783H-0.1034O-0.0151N+0.1005S-0.0211A 式(1)
ただし、HHVfuelは燃料の高発熱量(MJ/kg)であり、 A、C、H、N、O及びSはそれぞれ灰分、炭素、水素、窒素、酸素及び硫黄成分の重量比である。
HHV fuel = 0.3491C + 1.1783H-0.1034O-0.0151N + 0.1005S-0.0211A Formula (1)
However, HHV fuel is the high calorific value (MJ / kg) of fuel, and A, C, H, N, O and S are weight ratios of ash, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur components, respectively.
表1から分かるように一般薪の場合、単位重さ当り発熱量が19.5MJ/kgであるのに対し、本発明の事例−1は21.0MJ/kg、事例−2は27.3MJ/kgであり、単位重さ当り発熱量が増加していることが分かる。このような発熱量の増加は同一の重さでもより高い温度を維持できることを意味する。 As can be seen from Table 1, in the case of the general soot, the calorific value per unit weight is 19.5 MJ / kg, whereas the case-1 of the present invention is 21.0 MJ / kg, and the case-2 is 27.3 MJ / kg. It can be seen that the calorific value per unit weight is increased. Such an increase in calorific value means that a higher temperature can be maintained even with the same weight.
ただし、単位重さ当り発熱量は従来炭が最も高く現れるが、炭の場合、600℃から1200℃の高温の炭化過程で原木材成分の約70%が分解され揮発されて最終産物である炭は原木材の約30%に過ぎない。このように原木材1トンで得られる最終産物の総発熱量を計算すれば次のようである。 However, the calorific value per unit weight is the highest in conventional charcoal, but in the case of charcoal, about 70% of the raw wood components are decomposed and volatilized in the high-temperature carbonization process from 600 ° C to 1200 ° C, which is the final product. Is only about 30% of raw wood. The total calorific value of the final product obtained with 1 ton of raw wood is calculated as follows.
表2から分かるように、本発明による炭素含量50(wt%)以上80(wt%)未満の熱処理された薪を製造する場合、投入される原木から得られる総発熱量は、従来炭に比べて2倍〜2.3倍も高い発熱量を見せることが分かる。したがって、本発明による熱処理された薪は、一般薪に比べて単位重さ当りの高い発熱量を提供でき、また、従来の炭に比べて投入される原木から得られる総発熱量を高めることができるので、より経済的である。 As can be seen from Table 2, when producing heat-treated firewood having a carbon content of 50 (wt%) or more and less than 80 (wt%) according to the present invention, the total calorific value obtained from the input raw wood is higher than that of conventional charcoal. It can be seen that the calorific value is 2 to 2.3 times higher. Therefore, the heat-treated firewood according to the present invention can provide a higher calorific value per unit weight than ordinary firewood, and can increase the total calorific value obtained from raw wood input compared to conventional charcoal. It is more economical because it can.
そして、この高熱加工処理工程では、加熱と共に相対湿度50%〜80%の範囲内で蒸気噴射を用いた湿度調節を並行して行いながら、高熱加工処理を実行する。一般に、木材は、長い時間高温に露出させれば割れが発生するようになり、この現象は最終生産物を作成した後にも硬度を弱化させる原因となる。よって、本発明では、相対湿度50%〜80%の蒸気噴射を用いて熱加工処理をすることで、この工程における木材の割れを防止して最終生産物を作成した後にも硬度が極端に落ちることを防止している。 And in this high heat processing process, high heat processing is performed, performing humidity adjustment using steam injection in the range of 50%-80% of relative humidity with heating. In general, when wood is exposed to a high temperature for a long time, cracking occurs, and this phenomenon causes a decrease in hardness even after the final product is produced. Therefore, in the present invention, by performing heat processing using steam injection with a relative humidity of 50% to 80%, the hardness is extremely reduced even after the end product is created by preventing cracking of wood in this step. To prevent that.
また、本実施形態では、熱加工処理の前に原木の表面に天然植物性オイルを塗布し、その後、熱加工処理を行っている。これは急速高熱加工処理室内部の温度が一定温度にセッティングされてもその内部位置によって多少の温度差異があり、このような温度差異によって木材の組織及び材色が位置によって変わり得る。このため、本発明では、原木表面に植物性オイルを塗布し、原木全体に迅速かつ均等に温度を伝達させ、組織及び材色が均一に変わるように処理している。 Moreover, in this embodiment, natural vegetable oil is apply | coated to the surface of an original tree before heat processing, and heat processing is performed after that. Even if the temperature in the rapid high heat processing chamber is set to a constant temperature, there are some temperature differences depending on the internal position, and the wood structure and material color can be changed depending on the position due to such temperature differences. For this reason, in this invention, vegetable oil is apply | coated to the surface of a raw wood, temperature is transmitted to the whole raw wood quickly and uniformly, and it processes so that a structure | tissue and a material color may change uniformly.
また、本実施形態の変更態様においては、全部又は一部がラベンダー、ローズマリー、カモミールなどのアロマオイルからなる植物性オイルを使用する。アロマオイルは心身の疲れを取り、精神を清める効果があると知られている。よって、本発明によれば、アロマオイルを含有した植物性オイルを用いることで、熱処理された薪を製造した後にも燃焼時にこのようなアロマ香が発散され、これにより心身の疲れを取って精神を清める効果が得られる。 Moreover, in the modification of this embodiment, vegetable oil which consists of aroma oils, such as lavender, rosemary, and chamomile, is used in whole or in part. Aroma oil is known to relieve mental and physical fatigue and cleanse the mind. Therefore, according to the present invention, by using vegetable oil containing aroma oil, such aroma aroma is emitted during combustion even after the heat-treated soot is produced. The effect of purifying is obtained.
一方、本発明で使用する原木として、前述したクヌギ類、アカシアの木、シラカバなどの広葉樹を例として挙げたが、望ましい一実施形態としてフィトンチッド機能を倍加させるために檜又は杉を用いる方法も適用できる。檜又は杉は抗菌作用、鎮静作用、脱臭作用及びストレス解消作用などの機能があるフィトンチッドを最も多く含んでいると知られており、このような機能の檜又は杉を用いて本発明による熱処理された薪を製造することにより、抗菌作用、鎮静作用、脱臭作用及びストレス解消作用などのフィトンチッド機能を伴うことができ、また檜又は杉香が染み付いた熱処理された薪を製造することが可能となる。 On the other hand, as the raw wood used in the present invention, the above-mentioned hardwoods such as cucumbers, acacia trees, birch and the like have been mentioned as an example. it can. Persimmon or cedar is known to contain the most phytoncide with functions such as antibacterial action, sedative action, deodorizing action and stress relieving action. Can produce phytoncide functions such as antibacterial action, sedative action, deodorizing action and stress relieving action, and can produce heat-treated koji that is stained with koji or cedar incense. .
前述したような高熱加工処理工程を実施した後、急速高熱加工処理室内の温度を徐々に5時間から15時間の間、常温まで減少させる過程を経るようになる。これは急激な温度変化によって最終結果物が割れる現象を防止するためである。 After performing the high heat processing step as described above, the temperature in the rapid high heat processing chamber is gradually decreased to room temperature for 5 to 15 hours. This is to prevent the phenomenon that the final product breaks due to a sudden temperature change.
本発明による熱処理された薪は、一般薪に比べて初期着火時間が短縮されるという長所を有している。図2は本発明の製造方法によって製造された熱処理された薪(熱処理薪)と一般薪との着火時間の比較結果を示したものである。図2に示すように、一般薪の場合750度の温度条件下において18秒で着火されたが、170℃で製造された本発明の事例−1の熱処理された薪は16秒で、190℃で製造された本発明の事例−2の熱処理された薪は15秒で着火されたことが分かる。しかし、炭素の含量が100%に近い一般堅炭は750℃の温度では着火が起きなかった。本グラフにおいて、着火時間は、熱処理された薪内の構成成分である炭素と酸素の構成比(O/C)の結果と比較して示されている。 The heat-treated soot according to the present invention has an advantage that the initial ignition time is shortened compared to a general soot. FIG. 2 shows a comparison result of ignition times of heat-treated soot (heat-treated soot) produced by the production method of the present invention and general soot. As shown in FIG. 2, in the case of a general soot, it was ignited in 18 seconds under a temperature condition of 750 ° C., but the heat-treated soot of Example-1 of the present invention produced at 170 ° C. was 16 seconds and 190 ° C. It can be seen that the heat-treated soot of Example-2 of the present invention produced in 1 was ignited in 15 seconds. However, general hard coal with a carbon content close to 100% did not ignite at a temperature of 750 ° C. In this graph, the ignition time is shown in comparison with the result of the composition ratio (O / C) of carbon and oxygen, which are the components in the heat-treated soot.
一方、図3はコーンカロリーメーターテストを通じて本発明の製造方法に製造された熱処理された薪、一般薪及び一般炭の燃焼時間に対する発熱量を示したグラフである。図3において、赤線(四角形連結線)は170℃条件下で24時間製造した熱処理された薪であり、緑線(三角形連結線)は190℃で24時間製造した熱処理された薪であり、青線(菱形連結線)は一般薪(くぬぎ生材)であり、紫線(×連結線)は一般炭である。本グラフに示すように、170℃と190℃とで製造した熱処理された薪は、O/Cの割合が低ければ低いほど初期の着火時間が薪より早くなっている。170℃で製造した熱処理された薪(四角形連結線)では一定時間が経過した以後、熱処理された薪内部で可燃性ガスが放散されることから高い発熱量を示しており、190℃で製造された熱処理された薪(三角形連結線)も菱形連結線の一般薪とは異なり徐々に可燃性ガスが湧出して高発熱量を示している。このような現象は、高熱加工処理によって残存水分による白い煙を防ぎながら内部にガスを湧出させて燃料としての役割を果たすことに役立つと判断される。 Meanwhile, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the calorific value with respect to the burning time of heat-treated soot, general soot and general charcoal manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention through a corn calorimeter test. In FIG. 3, the red line (rectangular connection line) is a heat-treated soot produced at 170 ° C. for 24 hours, and the green line (triangle connection line) is a heat-treated soot produced at 190 ° C. for 24 hours, The blue line (rhombic connecting line) is ordinary firewood (kunugi raw material), and the purple line (x connecting line) is general charcoal. As shown in this graph, in the heat-treated soot produced at 170 ° C. and 190 ° C., the lower the O / C ratio, the earlier the initial ignition time is. The heat-treated firewood manufactured at 170 ° C. (rectangular connecting line) shows a high calorific value because combustible gas is released inside the heat-treated firewood after a certain period of time and is produced at 190 ° C. The heat-treated soot (triangular connecting line) also shows a high calorific value due to the flammable gas that gradually flows out, unlike the general soot of the diamond connecting line. Such a phenomenon is judged to be useful for playing a role of fuel by causing gas to flow inside while preventing white smoke due to residual moisture by high heat processing.
前述したように、本発明による熱処理されたキャンプ用薪は、キャンプファイヤー及びバーベキュー用燃料として用いられる一般薪の問題点を解消するものであり、初期着火時間が短縮化され、燃焼時の煙及び火の粉の発生が減少し、単位重さ当り発熱量が向上する長所を有している。 As described above, the heat-treated camping soot according to the present invention eliminates the problems of general soot used as a fuel for campfires and barbecues, shortens the initial ignition time, It has the advantage that the generation of sparks is reduced and the calorific value per unit weight is improved.
また、炭の場合、煤が発生すると共に砕け易いという短所があるが、本発明ではこのような問題点がなく、炭よりも使用に便利であるという効果が得られる。 Moreover, in the case of charcoal, there is a disadvantage that it is easy to break while generating soot, but in the present invention, there is no such problem, and an effect that it is more convenient to use than charcoal is obtained.
さらに、従来のキャンプ用薪においては、針葉樹(松類)は、松脂などの理由で殆ど用いられることができないが、本発明では前述したような別途の加工過程を経ることで松脂などが除去され、針葉樹をも用いることができる。 Furthermore, in conventional camping firewood, conifers (pines) can hardly be used for reasons such as pine resin, but in the present invention, pine resin and the like are removed through a separate processing process as described above. Coniferous trees can also be used.
さらにまた、本発明によるキャンプ用薪は、キャンプファイヤー用又は焼肉用として使用時にアロマ香が発散され、心身の弛緩と共に精神を清める機能も持つようになる。 Furthermore, the camping jar according to the present invention emits aroma aroma when used for campfire or yakiniku, and has a function of purifying the mind as well as relaxation of the mind and body.
以上、本発明を望ましい実施形態を参照して説明したが、本発明は上述した特定の望ましい実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の要旨を脱することなく、当該発明が属している技術分野で通常の知識を持っている者であればいずれの者であっても多様な変更、変形及び修正を行った実施が可能である。 Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific preferred embodiments described above, and the gist of the present invention described in the scope of the claims is removed. However, any person who has ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the invention belongs can be implemented with various changes, modifications and corrections.
Claims (7)
前記切断した原木を急速高熱加工処理室に移動させた後、150℃から230℃の温度で5時間から24時間の間、一定の湿度範囲内で蒸気噴射を用いて湿度調節を並行しながら高熱加工処理を行う工程と、
前記急速高熱加工処理室内の温度を徐々に常温で一定時間の間減少させる工程とを含んでなり、
重量比50wt%以上80wt%未満の炭素含量を持って成分中、セルロースの熱分解を起すことなくヘミセルロースを熱分解して初期着火時間を短縮し煙及び火の粉の発生を減少させたことを特徴とする熱処理されたキャンプ用薪の製造方法。 Cutting the log with a certain length;
After the cut log is moved to a rapid high heat processing chamber, high heat is applied in parallel with humidity adjustment using steam injection within a certain humidity range at a temperature of 150 ° C. to 230 ° C. for 5 hours to 24 hours. A process of performing processing,
And gradually reducing the temperature in the rapid high-temperature processing chamber at room temperature for a certain period of time,
It has a carbon content of 50 wt% or more and less than 80 wt% in weight ratio, and it is characterized in that hemicellulose is pyrolyzed without causing pyrolysis of cellulose to shorten the initial ignition time and reduce the generation of smoke and sparks. A method for producing heat-treated camping firewood.
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