JP2014087311A - Introduction method of pollen carrying insect into cultivation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an introduction method for introducing and fixing pollen carrying insects into and at a cultivation facility so that the insects may be promoted to visit blooming flowers promptly.SOLUTION: Before an object crop plant needing the pollination is bloomed, a nest box 2 for pollen carrying insect is carried into a cultivation facility 1. An artificial feeding device 4 is provided at a place for a pollen carrying insect stand 3 in the cultivation facility 1. At first, the pollen carrying insect having gathered in the pollen carrying insect stand is caused to perform the honey collecting action by the artificial feeding device 4 and is fixed in the cultivation facility 1. As the object crops bloom, the pollen carrying insect is caused to call quickly on the object crops bloomed. In order to compensate the honey capacity shortage of the artificial feeding device, if necessary, an artificial feeding device 8 for a long-term feeding is provided in the cultivation facility 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for introducing pollinating insects such as bees, bumblebees, and bee into a cultivation facility.

  Pollen insects such as bees and bumblebees are usually introduced after the target crop has flowered. However, this introduction is not always successful. If unsuccessful, many of the pollinating insects that have been released will die, resulting in a decrease in the yield of the target crop and shortening of the nest of the pollinating insect.

  In order to deal with such problems, a method of feeding nectar to which the scent component of the target crop is added to the nest and directing it to the flower of the crop using the memory and learning function of the pollinating insect (direct method) ( There exists patent document 1). In addition, fragrances such as vanillin are added to nectar and fed in the nest, and scented artificial flowers with honey added are placed in the cultivation facility, using the memory and learning function of pollinating insects to induce induction into artificial flowers There is a method (indirect method) (Patent Document 2) of fixing a pollinating insect by moving to a target crop flower through a nectar flight to an artificial flower.

JP 2008-212148 A Japanese Patent No. 4968584

  However, in addition to these direct methods, indirect methods also require the addition of scented nectar to the nests of pollinating insects, increasing the risk of workers being stabbed and for some reason If introduction to a cultivation facility fails using this method, or if introduction is successful and there is a delay in the flowering start time, the flowering crop will not be pollinated, resulting in a decrease in yield. End up.

  As an example of failure to introduce to a cultivation facility, in the case of a bee, after being released into the facility, it flies for nectar (flowers) inside, and from the direction of the sun, above the facility and to the south and west Or has the habit of gathering in the southwest. From there, many individuals try to go out of the facility, but they cannot come out and form so-called “pollinating insect reservoirs” that cannot be fed as they are, and a large number of animals die from starvation.

  The introduction of the above-mentioned pollinating insects into the cultivation facility is normally introduced after the flowering of the target crop, and if it is introduced before the flowering of the target crop, the pollinating insects starvate without being able to take food. End up. However, in order to ensure the pollination operation of the target crop, it is preferable to introduce and settle it in the cultivation facility before the target crop is flowered.

  In view of the above, the present invention aims to introduce and establish the target crops in a pollen insect cultivation facility before flowering, and promptly visit them after flowering.

  For this reason, the introduction method to the cultivation facility for pollinating insects according to the present invention is to introduce the cultivation facility to the cultivation facility for pollinating insects such as bees, bumblebees, etc. An artificial feeder is placed in advance in a place where pollinating insects are stored inside, and the nest box of the pollinating insects is brought into the cultivation facility, and then the pollinating insects fly into the cultivation facility. In order to prevent the starvation of external pollinating insects and to prevent them from starving, the pollinating insects are fixed in the cultivation facility, It is characterized in that it can be visited and foraged immediately after flowering (Claim 1).

  Therefore, before the target crops bloom, when they fly in the pollen insect cultivation facility, pollen insect reservoirs are created in the south or west side of the nest box in an attempt to get out of the facility. The nectar will be sucked, and the pollinating insect will escape starvation and reciprocate between the nectar and the nest box, and the nectar activity will be carried out stably with or without flowers. That is, since pollinating insects settle in the cultivation facility, flowering and feeding are started promptly after flowering of the target crop, and are used for pollination.

  Further, if necessary, an artificial feeder for long-term feeding containing the same honey as the artificial feeder is disposed in a cultivation facility, and the lack of honey capacity of the artificial feeder is resolved (Claim 2). ). For this purpose, an artificial feeder for long-term feeding is arranged outside the pollinating insect reservoir in the cultivation facility, and the amount of nectar in the artificial feeder placed in the pollinating insect reservoir is small. Used. In this case, since the same nectar is used, the transition from the smell of nectar to an artificial feeder for long-term feeding of pollinating insects is ensured.

  The nectar is characterized by being one of bee honey, sucrose water, glucose water, fructose water, oligosaccharide water or a mixture thereof (Claim 3).

  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the pollinating insect is fixed in the cultivation facility before flowering of the target crop, and prompt flower visiting after flowering is promoted. While installing an artificial feeder that also serves to prevent starvation in the pollen insect reservoir where the externally pollinating insects concentrate and starve to death immediately after release, while avoiding starvation by sucking from the artificial feeder, Thereafter, the reciprocating honey is stably performed from the artificial feeder. In addition, the target crop that has blossomed after establishment will be promptly visited, and as a result, pollination failure can be avoided. Since pollinating insects can be stably introduced before flowering of the target crop, it can be used for many horticultural crops that require pollination. This introduction method can also be used even in an environment where the target crop is already flowering, and even when pollinating insects cannot be introduced before flowering, or when additional pollinating insects are introduced. The dangerous work of adding honey can be eliminated.

  According to the invention of claim 2, when the capacity of the artificial feeder installed in the pollinating insect reservoir is insufficient, an artificial feeder for long-term feeding is arranged in the cultivation facility to assist feeding of the pollinating insect. If it is the same as the honey in the artificial feeder, it is necessary to easily transfer to the artificial feeder for long-term feeding. If a fragrance | flavor is added by (2), certainty will be improved more.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the state where the bee flew and made the pollination insect reservoir in the southwest part when the bee was normally released in the cultivation facility. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which many artificial feeders are arrange | positioned at a pollen insect reservoir, and the honeybee is carrying out the reciprocating honey (honey absorption activity). It is explanatory drawing which shows the transition state to the artificial feeder for long-term feeding rather than the nectar in the artificial feeder disappears and smells. It is explanatory drawing of the state in which the reciprocating honey (honey absorption activity) by the artificial feeder for long-term feeding is performed. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state where it was at the time of the reciprocal honey-taking activity by the artificial feeder for a long-term feeding, and a part of object crop blossomed and the honeybee visited the flower. It is a perspective view of an artificial feeder. It is a perspective view of the artificial feeder for long-term feeding. It is a flowchart of the introduction method to the cultivation facility of a pollinating insect.

  Specific examples of introducing pollinating insects such as bees, bumblebees, and bees into the cultivation facility 1 will be described. A bee is adopted as the pollinating insect, and a vertical greenhouse of 10m by 5m is used as the cultivation facility. Strawberries are planted as target crops. A bee lives in a group of one queen and about 10,000 workers.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of normal introduction of a pollinating insect into the cultivation facility 1, and FIGS. 2 to 5 are explanations at each stage when introducing the pollinating insect into the cultivation facility 1. The figure will be shown, and will be described below while linking each explanatory diagram and the procedure for introducing the cultivation facility for pollinating insects shown in FIG.

  The cultivation facility 1 is vertically long as shown in FIG. 1, and is installed in the north-south direction. In this cultivation facility 1, a bee hive 2 is carried to the north side of the cultivation facility 1. The bees in the nest box 2 are opened at the entrance and fly in the cultivation facility 1 of the external bees (hereinafter referred to as the external bees). The nest box is preferably arranged on the north side, but depending on the cultivation facility 1, it may be provided on the east side or the west side. The bees flying in the cultivation facility 1 are going to go out of the facility 2 in search of flowers, and gather mainly in the southwest part of the cultivation facility 1 near the ceiling to make the pollen insect reservoir 3 shown in FIG. Become. However, there is no flower in the pollinating insect reservoir 3, and the bees cannot stare and die from starvation.

  Therefore, before or simultaneously with the introduction of the bees, a large number (12) of artificial feeders 4 are arranged in the pollinating insect reservoir 3 as shown in FIG. 2 (step 101). The artificial feeder 4 is an artificial flower 6 as shown in FIG. 6, has a honey-containing honey part 7 at the center, and is disposed near the ceiling of the cultivation facility 1. The artificial feeder need not be an artificial flower as long as it can be absorbed by pollinating insects such as bees. The honey is one of honey, sucrose water, glucose water, fructose water or a mixture thereof. In addition, a fragrance | flavor, for example, vanillin is added to honey as needed.

  Simultaneously with the installation of the artificial feeder 4, an artificial feeder 8 for long-term feeding is installed as necessary. The artificial feeder 8 for long-term feeding is provided to compensate for the small capacity due to the installation space of the artificial feeder 4. The artificial feeder 8 for long-term feeding is installed in a suitable place in the cultivation facility 1, preferably on the ground where the target crop is planted as shown in FIG. 2 (step 102). The nectar of the artificial feeder 8 for long-term feeding is added with a fragrance, for example, vanillin, if necessary. At that time, the fragrance, for example, vanillin is also added to the artificial feeder, and the same odor as the artificial feeder 4 is used. It has become. The artificial feeder 8 for long-term feeding has a structure as shown in FIG. 7, and is composed of a honey portion 9 and a tank 10 for storing honey.

  The nest box 2 is brought into the cultivation facility 1 (step 103), and the bees (step 104) that have started to fly inside the facility seek out flowers and go out of the facility 2, mainly in the southwest of the cultivation facility 1. The bee pool 3 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. However, there is no flower and the bees cannot absorb the honey and may starve to death, but this time the artificial feeder 4 is installed.

  The artificial feeder 4 is an artificial flower 6 as shown in FIG. 6, has a honey-containing honey portion 7 at the center, and is disposed near the ceiling of the cultivation facility 1. Therefore, the bees gather in the artificial feeder 4 and suck the nectar to which the scent is attached if necessary (step 106). As a result, honeybees are not starved to death, and the scent and honey are combined to learn associatively.

  If a container with sufficient capacity for the nectar of the artificial feeder 4 is used, the artificial feeder 4 starts sucking nectar, starts the homing to carry the nectar to the nest (step 108), and then exits the nest again. A nest (step 109) is performed, and it flies to the artificial feeder 4. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the bees are settled in the cultivation facility even though the target crop 12 is not flowering.

  However, the capacity of nectar may be small due to the location of the artificial feeder 4. In such a case, the honey is smelled. When the nectar in the artificial feeder 4 is exhausted, the artificial feeder 8 for long-term feeding to which the same fragrance is added is searched, and the process proceeds as shown in FIG. 3 (step 107). Therefore, honey is started and homing is started to carry the nectar to the nest (step 108). Then, the nest exiting from the nest again (step 109) is performed, and it jumps to the artificial feeder 8 for long-term feeding. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the bees are settled in the cultivation facility even though the target crop 12 is not flowering.

  Table 1 shows the number of honey bees that were released using artificial feeders and artificial feeders 4 and 8 for long-term feeding per 5 minutes. Table 2 shows artificial feeders and artificial feeders 4 and 4 for long-term feeding. 8 represents the number of nesting / homing times per minute for bees released the day after being released. From Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that bees are actively going out of the nest or returning to the nest.

  When a honeybee reciprocating honey (honey-taking activity) is performed and the flight within the cultivation facility 1 is performed, a flight search (step 110) is performed due to the inherent nature of the honeybee, and a part of the target crop 12 is flowered. As shown in FIG. 5, he immediately visits and forages. That is, the target crop is visited, sucking and foraging, the take-out operation of the food is performed, and the introduction of the bees in the cultivation facility is completed.

  The pollinating insects visited the strawberry, North Pole, Solidago dandelion, Atlantic dandelion, tomato, eggplant, tobacco, cucumber, and broad bean, and the foraging was observed immediately after flowering.

  In this embodiment, the bees are adopted, but it is needless to say that the present invention can be used for bumblebees and bees that are the same pollinating insects.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation facility 2 Nest box 3 Bee pool 4 Artificial feeder 6 Artificial flower 7 Nectar part 8 Long-term artificial feeder 9 Nectar part 12 Target crop

Claims (3)

When introducing pollen insects such as bees and bumblebees into cultivation facilities,
Before flowering the target crops that require pollination, place an artificial feeder in the cultivation facility and place the pollinating insect nest box in the cultivation facility. Carrying in and then feeding the pollinating insects into the cultivation facility, sucking them from an artificial feeder placed in a place where the pollinating insects can be stored in advance to prevent starvation of the external pollinating insects In addition, a method for introducing pollinating insects into a cultivation facility characterized in that the pollinating insects are settled in the cultivation facility, and the flowering of the target crop can be quickly visited and foraged.   The artificial feeder for long-term feeding containing the same honey as the artificial feeder is arranged in a cultivation facility, and the shortage of honey capacity of the artificial feeder is solved. Introduction to cultivation facilities.   The method for introducing a pollinating insect into a cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the nectar is one of bee honey, sucrose water, glucose water, fructose water, oligosaccharide water or a mixture thereof.

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