JP2014086180A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress reduction in power generation efficiency or breakage by eliminating reaction inhibition factors of an electrochemical reaction of a fuel battery cell 30, in a combustion device 100 which employs the direct-flame type fuel battery cell 30.SOLUTION: A combustion device comprises: a combustor 1 which combusts fuel F in a fuel condensed condition; a gas passage 4 through which combustion gas CG1 exhausted from the combustor 1 passes; a cathode electrode passage 5 through which air before supplied to the combustor 1 passes; and a fuel battery cell 30. The fuel battery cell 30 is formed as a cell cylinder part 3 in a cylindrical shape with an inner circumferential surface thereof as an anode electrode 33 and an outer circumferential surface thereof as a cathode electrode 31. The cell cylinder part 3 includes a burner cylinder part 6 which externally surrounds the cell cylinder part 3 while being concatenated and disposed at a distal end side of the combustor 1 in such a state that the combustion gas passage 4 is formed inside. The cathode electrode passage 5 is formed between the cell cylinder part 3 and the burner cylinder part 6, and air preheating means 8c is provided for heating air before flowing into the cathode electrode passage 5 by heat exchange with combustion exhaust gas EG after passing through the combustion gas passage 4.

Description

The present invention includes a primary combustor that primarily burns fuel in a fuel rich state,
A primary combustion gas passage through which a primary combustion gas discharged from the primary combustor flows;
A cathode passage through which air before being supplied to the primary combustor flows;
A fuel cell disposed with an anode facing the primary combustion gas passage and a cathode facing the cathode passage,
The fuel cell is formed as a cylindrical cell tube portion having an inner peripheral surface as the anode electrode and an outer peripheral surface as the cathode electrode,
The cell cylinder portion is connected to the front end side of the primary combustor in a state of forming the primary combustion gas passage on the inside;
The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that includes a burner cylinder part that surrounds the cell cylinder part, and in which the cathode electrode passage is formed between the cell cylinder part and the burner cylinder part.

As a solid oxide fuel cell in which an anode and a cathode are arranged with an electrolyte layer made of solid oxide, the combustion gas generated by burning the fuel in a fuel richer state than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is anode There is known a direct flame type fuel battery cell that generates power by directly contacting an electrode (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In such a direct flame type fuel cell, combustion of the fuel in a fuel rich state generates a combustion gas containing a reducing component such as hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen, and the combustion gas containing the reducing component is generated. Direct contact with the anode electrode. Then, the heating of the fuel cell is promoted, and the reducing component on the anode electrode side and the air on the cathode electrode side (in the present application, “air” includes an oxygen-containing gas in a broad sense) are electrochemically passed through the electrolyte. In response to power generation.

  A combustion apparatus employing a direct flame type fuel cell described in Patent Document 1 (particularly FIGS. 2 and 3) is a cylindrical device having an inner peripheral surface as an anode electrode and an outer peripheral surface as a cathode electrode. It is formed as a cell cylinder. Then, the primary combustion gas discharged from the primary combustor that primarily burns the fuel in a fuel-rich state is caused to flow through the primary combustion gas passage formed inside the cell tube portion and is supplied to the primary combustor. By causing the previous air to flow through the cathode electrode passage formed outside the cell tube portion, the fuel cell formed as the cell tube portion is configured to generate power.

JP 2006-179277 A

In the combustion apparatus employing the above-described conventional direct flame type fuel battery cell, a relatively low temperature outside air is directly supplied to the cathode electrode passage in which the cathode electrode is arranged, so that the fuel battery cell reaches a predetermined temperature. There was a case where the temperature was not raised and the power generation efficiency was lowered.
Furthermore, if the reaction is stopped locally at the anode electrode due to low temperature, the concentration of the reducing component in that part becomes extremely high, for example, if soot is generated and adheres to the anode electrode, There is concern about damage to the fuel cells.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such a point, and the object of the present invention is to eliminate the factors that inhibit the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell in the combustion apparatus adopting the direct flame type fuel cell, and to improve the power generation efficiency. It is in the point of providing the technique which can suppress the fall and breakage | damage.

In order to achieve this object, a combustion apparatus according to the present invention comprises:
A primary combustor for primary combustion of fuel in a fuel rich state;
A primary combustion gas passage through which a primary combustion gas discharged from the primary combustor flows;
A cathode passage through which air before being supplied to the primary combustor flows;
A fuel cell disposed with an anode facing the primary combustion gas passage and a cathode facing the cathode passage,
The fuel cell is formed as a cylindrical cell tube portion having an inner peripheral surface as the anode electrode and an outer peripheral surface as the cathode electrode,
The cell cylinder portion is connected to the front end side of the primary combustor in a state of forming the primary combustion gas passage on the inside;
A combustion apparatus comprising a burner cylinder part surrounding the cell cylinder part, wherein the cathode electrode passage is formed between the cell cylinder part and the burner cylinder part,
The first characteristic configuration is
An air preheating means for heating the air before flowing into the cathode electrode passage by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas after passing through the primary combustion gas passage is provided.

According to the first characteristic configuration, the so-called direct flame type fuel cell is formed as a cylindrical cell tube portion having an inner peripheral surface as an anode electrode and an outer peripheral surface as a cathode electrode, and is discharged from the primary combustor. The primary combustion gas is caused to flow through a primary combustion gas passage formed inside the cell tube portion, and air before being supplied to the primary combustor is formed outside the cell tube portion. As a result, electric power is generated in the fuel cell formed as the cell cylinder.
Further, by providing the air preheating means, air heated by heat exchange with the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas after passing through the primary combustion gas passage flows into the cathode passage. The temperature can be appropriately raised to a predetermined temperature. In addition, it is avoided that a locally low temperature portion is generated in the cathode electrode, the entire cathode electrode is maintained at a relatively high temperature, local reaction stoppage in the anode electrode is suppressed, and the fuel cell Breakage can be prevented.
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a combustion apparatus that employs a direct flame type fuel battery cell that can eliminate a factor that inhibits an electrochemical reaction of the fuel battery cell and suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency or damage. .

In addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the second characteristic configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention includes:
An exhaust gas cylinder part that surrounds the burner cylinder part, and an air cylinder part that surrounds the exhaust gas cylinder part,
An exhaust gas passage through which the combustion exhaust gas after passing through the primary combustion gas passage flows is formed between the burner cylinder portion and the exhaust gas cylinder portion,
Between the exhaust gas cylinder part and the air cylinder part, an air passage through which air before flowing into the cathode electrode passage flows is formed,
The portion of the exhaust gas cylinder portion facing the air passage is configured to be capable of exchanging heat between the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas passage and the air flowing through the air passage, and functions as the air preheating means. It is in.

According to the second characteristic configuration, by providing the exhaust gas cylinder part and the air cylinder part, high-temperature combustion after passing through the primary combustion gas path in the exhaust gas path formed inside the exhaust gas cylinder part While letting the exhaust gas flow, air before flowing into the cathode electrode passage can be passed through the air passage formed outside the exhaust gas cylinder portion.
That is, since the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas and the low-temperature air flow through both sides of the part facing the air passage of the exhaust gas cylinder part, the part functions as the air preheating means, The air can be heated by heat exchange with the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas, and the heated air can flow into the cathode electrode passage.

The third characteristic configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention is in addition to the second characteristic configuration,
The burner cylinder part and the exhaust gas cylinder part are formed to extend to the tip side,
It is in the point provided with the front-end | tip cover part which obstruct | occludes the front-end | tip part of the said waste gas cylinder part in the state which forms a return | turnback port between the front-end | tip parts of the said burner cylinder part.

According to the third characteristic configuration, the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas after flowing through the primary combustion gas passage first passes through the inside of the burner cylinder portion formed to extend to the tip side and reaches the tip lid portion. Then, it flows into the exhaust gas passage formed outside the burner cylinder part and inside the exhaust gas cylinder part through the turn-back opening formed in the outer peripheral part.
And the combustion apparatus which employ | adopted such a structure is arrange | positioned on the outer side of the exhaust gas cylinder part using the radiant heat, since the exhaust gas cylinder part itself is heated by the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the inside and becomes high temperature. It can be used as an indirect heating type combustion apparatus such as a radiant tube burner for heating an object to be heated.

In addition to any of the first to third characteristic configurations described above, the fourth characteristic configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention includes:
The primary combustor comprises:
A cylindrical primary combustion cylinder part that is connected to the base end side of the cell cylinder part and forms a primary combustion chamber on the inside, and swirling fuel and air around the axis of the primary combustion chamber in the primary combustion chamber A primary combustion supply mechanism that supplies the flow so as to generate a flow, and is configured as a tubular flame burner that forms a tubular flame in the primary combustion chamber.

According to the fourth characteristic configuration, the primary combustor is configured as a so-called tubular flame burner, so that the primary combustion gas generated by forming the tubular flame flows through the primary combustion gas passage while turning. Therefore, in the vicinity of the anode electrode arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the primary combustion gas passage, the density distribution of the reducing component contained in the primary combustion gas becomes small. Therefore, since the generation of soot due to local concentration of the reducing component in the primary combustion gas is suppressed, a decrease in power generation efficiency due to the soot adhering to the anode electrode can be suppressed.
In the primary combustor configured as a tubular flame burner, the primary combustion chamber is formed inside the cylindrical primary combustion cylinder, and the primary combustion supply mechanism unit causes fuel and air to undergo primary combustion. It is supplied in a state in which a swirling flow around the axis is generated in the primary combustion chamber in a form ejected along the tangential direction of the outer peripheral wall of the chamber. Then, in the primary combustion chamber, fuel swirls to form a tubular flame slightly separated from the outer peripheral wall, and the primary combustion gas generated by the tubular flame is connected to the tip of the primary combustion chamber. It will be ejected while turning into the passage. In addition, such a tubular flame burner can maintain a stable combustion state even if the supply amount of fuel or air is changed relatively significantly, so that the fuel in a fuel rich state like the primary combustor in the present invention can be maintained. When burning, it can employ | adopt suitably.

In addition to the fourth characteristic configuration described above, the fifth characteristic configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention includes:
The primary combustion supply mechanism is
A plurality of primary air supply ports that are dispersedly arranged in the circumferential direction of the primary combustion cylinder portion and allow air supplied to the outside to flow inward;
The fuel supply cylinder part that is concentrically surrounded by the primary combustion cylinder part is arranged in a circumferential direction, and includes a plurality of fuel supply ports that allow the fuel supplied to the inside to flow out.
The primary air supply port and the fuel supply port are formed in a slit shape elongated in the axial direction of the primary combustion chamber, and are formed in a direction along the swirl flow.

According to the fifth characteristic configuration, in the primary combustor configured as a tubular flame burner, the primary combustion supply mechanism is configured as described above, and fuel and air are separately supplied to the primary combustion chamber. The so-called backfire in which the flame in the primary combustion chamber propagates upstream can be prevented.
Thus, when supplying fuel and air separately to the primary combustion chamber, air is supplied to the outside of the primary combustion cylinder portion through the cathode electrode passage formed outside the cell cylinder portion. A rational configuration can be employed such that air is supplied inward toward the inside of the primary combustion cylinder part via a plurality of primary air supply ports formed in the primary combustion cylinder part.
Further, when the air is configured to be supplied to the inside from the primary air supply port formed in the primary combustion cylinder part, a fuel supply cylinder part concentrically surrounded by the primary combustion cylinder part is disposed, The fuel supplied to the inside of the fuel supply cylinder part can be supplied outward toward the outside of the fuel supply cylinder part via a plurality of fuel supply ports formed in the fuel supply cylinder part.
Furthermore, these primary air supply port and fuel supply port are formed in a slit shape elongated in the axial direction of the primary combustion chamber, and are formed in a direction along the swirl flow generated in the primary combustion chamber. In a cylindrical space formed inside the primary combustion cylinder and outside the fuel supply cylinder, mixing is promoted by the fuel supplied outward and the air supplied inward colliding with each other. Thus, the air-fuel mixture formed thereby turns well around the axis. Then, the air-fuel mixture swirling in this cylindrical space is jetted into the primary combustion chamber formed on the front end side of the fuel supply cylinder portion while maintaining the swirling flow, and burns. A stable tubular flame can be formed in the primary combustion chamber.

The sixth feature configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention is in addition to any of the first to fifth feature configurations,
A secondary combustor for supplying the primary combustion gas with air and performing secondary combustion;
The secondary combustor is
A cylindrical secondary combustion cylinder part that is connected to the distal end side of the cell cylinder part and forms a secondary combustion chamber on the inner side,
The secondary combustion cylinder portion is provided with a plurality of secondary air supply ports that are dispersedly arranged in the circumferential direction and allow air supplied to the outside to flow into the inside.

According to the sixth characteristic configuration, since the secondary combustor for supplying air to the primary combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion gas passage and performing secondary combustion is connected to the front end side of the cell cylinder portion, The reducing component remaining without being consumed at the anode electrode in the primary combustion gas passage can be almost completely burned by the secondary combustor. Therefore, the exhaust gas passage on the downstream side can be supplied with high temperature exhaust gas with extremely little unburned reducing component, and the high temperature exhaust gas is utilized in the air preheating means, and the cathode electrode passage is used. It is possible to heat the air before flowing into the air well.
When air is supplied to the secondary combustion chamber in this way, it is placed outside the secondary combustion cylinder portion connected to the tip end side of the cell cylinder portion via the cathode electrode passage formed outside the cell cylinder portion. Since air is supplied, the air is supplied inward toward the inside of the secondary combustion cylinder part through a plurality of primary air supply ports formed in the secondary combustion cylinder part. Can be adopted.
Further, similar to the secondary air supply port of the fifth characteristic configuration described above, these secondary air supply ports are formed in a slit shape that is long in the axial direction of the secondary combustion chamber and generated in the secondary combustion chamber. It is also possible to drill in a direction along the swirling flow. According to this configuration, in the secondary combustion chamber formed inside the secondary combustion cylinder portion, air is maintained while maintaining the swirling flow with respect to the primary combustion gas discharged while swirling from the primary combustion gas passage. Since the reduced components contained in the primary combustion gas are stably and satisfactorily burned, the secondary combustion gas formed by the combustion can be swirled well around the axis.

The seventh characteristic configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention is in addition to any of the first to sixth characteristic configurations described above,
The power generated by the fuel cell is supplied as operating power for an electric device including a built-in air fan.

  According to the sixth characteristic configuration, if the generated power of the fuel cell is supplied as the operating power of the built-in electric device including the air fan for taking in air, the power supply from the outside is omitted or simplified. Can do.

Side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment Elevated cross-sectional view at the arrangement position of the cell tube portion of the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a primary combustor included in the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation view of the primary combustor shown in Fig. 3 at the primary air supply port and the fuel supply port. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a secondary combustor included in the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the secondary air supply port of the secondary combustor shown in Fig. 5 at the arrangement position.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is installed on the furnace wall 60 in a state where the front end side part 8 a of the exhaust gas cylinder part 8 is exposed to the furnace 70, although the detailed configuration will be described later. It is configured as an indirect heating type combustion apparatus such as a radiant tube burner that heats the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 with combustion exhaust gas EG flowing through the inside thereof and heats a heating object (not shown) in the furnace 70 with its radiant heat. . Further, the combustion apparatus 100 is provided with a direct flame type fuel battery cell 30, and has a configuration in which a factor for inhibiting an electrochemical reaction of the fuel battery cell 30 is eliminated to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency or breakage. It has been adopted.
In FIGS. 1, 3, and 5, the right side in the drawing is referred to as the distal end side, and the left side in the drawing is referred to as the proximal end side.

Specifically, the combustor 100 is provided with a primary combustor 1 that performs primary combustion of fuel F such as natural gas city gas in a fuel rich state, and further, the primary combustor 1 discharged from the primary combustor 1 is provided. A primary combustion gas passage 4 through which the combustion gas CG1 flows and a cathode electrode passage 5 through which air A before being supplied to the primary combustor 1 flows are provided.
The fuel cell 30 is arranged with the anode 33 facing the primary combustion gas passage 4 and the cathode 31 facing the cathode passage 5.

Further, the fuel battery cell 30 is formed as a cylindrical cell tube portion 3, and the cell tube portion 3 has an inner peripheral surface as an anode electrode 33 and an outer peripheral surface as a cathode electrode 31, and these anode electrodes. In the form of an electrolyte layer 32 which is a solid oxide between the cathode 33 and the cathode 31, it is formed in a triple-layered cylindrical shape.
The cylindrical cell cylinder portion 3 is connected to the front end side of the primary combustor, and a primary combustion gas passage 4 through which the primary combustion gas CG1 discharged from the primary combustor 1 flows is provided inside thereof. Is formed.
A cylindrical burner cylinder portion 6 is arranged in a state surrounding the cell cylinder portion 3, and a cathode electrode passage 5 facing the cathode electrode 31 is interposed between the cell cylinder portion 3 and the burner cylinder portion 6. Is formed. The cathode electrode passage 5 is provided from the proximal end side of the primary combustor 1 to the distal end side of the secondary combustor 2 described later, and the proximal end portion and the distal end portion are closed.

With the configuration described above, in the fuel cell 30, the primary combustion gas CG1 generated by burning the fuel F in a fuel richer state than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is in direct contact with the anode electrode 33, while being taken in from outside air. Air A is brought into contact with the cathode 31. Therefore, reducing components such as hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen contained in the primary combustion gas CG 1 on the anode electrode 33 side and oxygen contained in the air A on the cathode electrode 31 side are electrochemically supplied via the electrolyte layer 32. Will react and generate electricity.
The power generated by the fuel battery cell 30 is built into the combustion apparatus 100 such as an air fan 45 for taking in air A from the atmosphere, various electromagnetic valves, sensors, and a control device via the power circuit 40. The electric power is supplied as operating electric power for the electric equipment, and thus the electric power supply from the outside is omitted or simplified in the combustion apparatus 100.

A secondary combustor 2 that supplies air A to the primary combustion gas CG1 discharged from the primary combustion gas passage 4 and performs secondary combustion is connected to the front end side of the cell cylinder portion 3.
In the secondary combustor 2, the reducing component remaining without being consumed at the anode 33 in the primary combustion gas passage 4 is combusted by using the newly supplied air A, and the secondary combustion after the combustion is performed. The combustion gas CG2 is discharged from the front end side of the secondary combustor 2, and the secondary combustion gas CG2 becomes a combustion exhaust gas EG described later.

Each of the primary combustor 1, the cell cylinder portion 3, and the secondary combustor 2 that are connected and arranged in order from the base end side as described above has the same outer shape and is configured as an integrated burner unit 50. Further, in the combustion apparatus 100, as shown in FIG. 2, seven burner units 50 are juxtaposed at the apexes and the center of the regular hexagon, inside the burner tube portion 6, respectively.
Therefore, in the space inside the burner cylinder portion 6, the space corresponding to the outside of the burner unit 50 is the cathode electrode passage 5 described above.

On the outside of the burner tube portion 6, a cylindrical exhaust tube portion 8 that concentrically surrounds the burner tube portion 6, and a cylindrical air tube portion 10 that concentrically surrounds the exhaust gas tube portion 8, Is provided.
An exhaust gas passage 7 through which the combustion exhaust gas EG after passing through the primary combustion gas passage 4 and the secondary combustor 2 flows is formed between the burner cylinder portion 6 and the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8. On the other hand, an air passage 9 through which air A before flowing into the cathode electrode passage 5 flows is formed between the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 and the air cylinder portion 10.
A portion of the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 facing the air passage 9, that is, a portion closer to the base end side than the furnace wall 60 of the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 passes through the combustion exhaust gas EG flowing through the exhaust gas passage 7 and the air passage 9. It is configured as a heat exchanging portion 8c capable of exchanging heat with flowing air A, and the air A before flowing into the cathode electrode passage 5 is exchanged by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas EG after passing through the primary combustion gas passage 4. It functions as air preheating means for heating.
Therefore, the air A heated by heat exchange with the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas EG after passing through the primary combustion gas passage flows into the cathode electrode passage 5, so that the temperature becomes locally low in the cathode electrode 31. The occurrence of a site is avoided. Therefore, the entire cathode electrode 31 is maintained at a relatively high temperature, and a local reaction stop at the anode electrode 33 is suppressed.

Note that the burner cylinder portion 6 and the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 are formed to extend to the front end side so as to protrude from the furnace wall 60 into the furnace interior 70, and are located on the front end side of the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 from the furnace wall 60. The tip side 8a is exposed to the furnace 70.
Further, the tip of the exhaust gas cylinder part 8 is closed by a tip lid part 8b, and between the inner side surface (left side surface in FIG. 1) of the tip side part 8a and the tip part 6a of the burner cylinder part 6, A return opening 47 is formed through which the combustion exhaust gas EG returns from the inside of the burner cylinder portion 6 toward the outside of the burner cylinder portion 6.
That is, the secondary combustion gas CG2 discharged from the secondary combustor 2 flows through the inside of the burner cylinder part 6 extending and formed on the front end side, and reaches the front end cover part 8b of the exhaust gas cylinder part 8, After that, it passes through the folding opening 47 formed in the outer peripheral portion thereof, and flows into the exhaust gas passage 7 formed outside the burner cylinder portion 6 and inside the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 as combustion exhaust gas EG.
Therefore, the front end side portion 8a of the exhaust gas cylinder portion 8 is heated to a high temperature by the combustion exhaust gas EG flowing through the inside thereof, and a heating object (not shown) in the furnace 70 is heated by the radiant heat. .

Next, the detailed configuration of the primary combustor 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
The primary combustor 1 is configured as a so-called tubular flame burner in which a tubular flame PF slightly swung away from an outer peripheral wall is formed by swirling combustion of fuel F in a cylindrical primary combustion chamber 17 formed inside.
Specifically, the primary combustor 1 is provided with a cylindrical primary combustion cylinder portion 11 which is connected to the base end side of the cell cylinder portion 3 and forms a primary combustion chamber 17 on the inner side thereof. A primary combustion supply mechanism section X that supplies fuel F and air A to the chamber 17 so as to generate a swirling flow S (see FIG. 4) around the axis of the primary combustion chamber 17 is provided.
Therefore, with respect to the primary combustion chamber 17 formed inside the primary combustion cylinder portion 11, the fuel F and the air A are moved along the tangential direction of the outer peripheral wall of the primary combustion chamber 17 by the primary combustion supply mechanism portion X. It is supplied in a state in which a swirl flow S around the axis is generated in the primary combustion chamber 17 in the form of being ejected. Then, in the primary combustion chamber 17, the fuel F swirls to form a tubular flame PF slightly spaced from the outer peripheral wall, and the primary combustion gas CG <b> 1 generated by the tubular flame PF is the tip of the primary combustion chamber 17. Is ejected while swirling into the primary combustion gas passage 4 connected to the.
Therefore, in the vicinity of the anode electrode 33 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the primary combustion gas passage 4, the concentration distribution of the reducing component contained in the primary combustion gas CG1 is reduced, and the local high concentration of the reducing component in the primary combustion gas CG1 is reduced. Generation of soot due to concentration is suppressed, and a decrease in power generation efficiency due to adhesion of the soot to the anode electrode 33 is suppressed.

The primary combustion supply mechanism X includes a plurality of primary air supply ports 12 that supply air A to the primary combustion chamber 17 and a plurality of fuel supply ports 14 that supply fuel F to the primary combustion chamber 17. ing.
The plurality of primary air supply ports 12 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the primary combustion cylinder part 11, and the air supplied from the cathode electrode passage 5 to the outside of the primary combustion cylinder part 11 is converted into the primary inside the primary combustion cylinder part 11. It flows into the combustion chamber 17.
On the other hand, the plurality of fuel supply ports 14 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the fuel supply cylinder 13 concentrically surrounded by the primary combustion cylinder 11, and the fuel supplied to the inside of the fuel supply cylinder 13 is The fuel is supplied to the primary combustion chamber 17 outside the fuel supply cylinder 13. Since the tip of the fuel supply tube 13 is closed by the lid, all the fuel F supplied to the inside flows out from the fuel supply port 14.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the primary air supply port 12 and the fuel supply port 14 are formed in a slit shape that is long in the axial direction of the primary combustion chamber 17 (left and right direction in FIG. 5). In this way, it is drilled in the direction along the swirl flow S.
Therefore, in the cylindrical space 17a formed inside the primary combustion cylinder 11 and outside the fuel supply cylinder 13, the fuel F supplied outward and the air A supplied inward collide with each other. Then, the mixing is promoted, and the mixture formed thereby swirls around the axis well, and the mixture swirling in the cylindrical space 17a maintains the swirling flow, Since the fuel is supplied to the primary combustion chamber 17 formed on the tip side of the fuel supply cylinder portion 13 and swirls and burns, a stable tubular flame PF is formed in the primary combustion chamber 17.

Next, the detailed structure of the secondary combustor 2 is demonstrated based on FIG.5 and FIG.6.
The primary combustor 1 is configured as a combustor that performs secondary combustion by supplying air A to the primary combustion gas CG1 in a secondary combustion chamber 22 formed therein.
Specifically, the secondary combustor 2 is provided with a cylindrical secondary combustion cylinder portion 21 that is connected to the distal end side of the cell cylinder portion 3 and forms a secondary combustion chamber 22 on the inner side.
Further, the secondary combustor 2 is provided with a plurality of secondary air supply ports 23 for supplying air A to the secondary combustion chamber 22.
The plurality of secondary air supply ports 23 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the secondary combustion cylinder portion 21, and the air A supplied from the cathode electrode passage 5 to the outside of the secondary combustion cylinder portion 21 is supplied to the secondary combustion cylinder portion 21. 21 is allowed to flow into the secondary combustion chamber 22 inside 21.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the secondary air supply port 23 is formed in a long slit shape in the axial direction of the secondary combustion chamber 22 (left and right direction in FIG. 5), and as shown in FIG. Drilled in the direction along the swirl flow S.
Therefore, in the secondary combustion chamber 22 formed inside the secondary combustion cylinder portion 21, the air A is maintained while maintaining the swirling flow with respect to the primary combustion gas CG1 discharged while swirling from the primary combustion gas passage 4. Therefore, the reducing component contained in the primary combustion gas CG1 burns stably and satisfactorily, and the secondary combustion gas CG2 formed by the combustion also turns well around the axis. become.

[Other Embodiments]
Finally, other embodiments of the present invention will be described. Note that the configuration of each embodiment described below is not limited to being applied independently, and can be applied in combination with the configuration of other embodiments as long as no contradiction arises.

(1) In the above-described embodiment, the generated power of the fuel battery cell 30 is supplied as the operating power of an electric device built in the combustion device 100 such as the air fan 45. For example, when sufficient generated power can be secured Alternatively, the generated power may be supplied to an electric power load installed outside the combustion apparatus 100.

(2) In the above embodiment, the cell cylinder 3, the burner cylinder part 6 surrounding it, the exhaust gas cylinder part 8 surrounding it, and the air cylinder part 10 surrounding it are circular in cross section. Separately, each cylindrical portion is formed into another cylindrical shape, such as a rectangular cylindrical shape having a rectangular cross section, or an elliptical cylindrical shape having a cross sectional shape. It doesn't matter.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the secondary combustor 2 is provided. However, the reducing component contained in the primary combustion gas CG1 in the primary combustion gas passage 4 is sufficiently consumed at the anode electrode 33 of the fuel cell 30 and the combustion exhaust gas. The secondary combustor 2 can also be omitted when the remaining reducing component does not become a problem or when the remaining reducing component is removed by other means such as a catalyst.

(4) In the above embodiment, the primary combustor 1 is configured as a so-called tubular flame burner. However, the primary combustor 1 may be configured as a burner of another form.

  The present invention includes a primary combustor that primarily burns fuel in a fuel-rich state, a primary combustion gas passage through which a primary combustion gas discharged from the primary combustor flows, and before being supplied to the primary combustor. A cathode electrode passage through which air flows; and a fuel cell arranged with the anode electrode facing the primary combustion gas channel and the cathode electrode facing the cathode electrode channel, the fuel cell However, the primary combustor is formed as a cylindrical cell tube portion having an inner peripheral surface as the anode electrode and an outer peripheral surface as the cathode electrode, and the cell tube portion forms the primary combustion gas passage inside. And a burner cylinder part that is connected to the front end side of the cylinder and surrounds the cell cylinder part, and is suitable as a combustion apparatus in which the cathode electrode passage is formed between the cell cylinder part and the burner cylinder part. Is available.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Primary combustor 2: Secondary combustor 3: Cell cylinder part 4: Primary combustion gas channel 5: Cathode pole channel 6: Burner cylinder part 6a: Tip part 7: Exhaust gas channel 8: Exhaust gas cylinder part 8b: Tip lid part 8c: Heat exchange part (air preheating means)
9: Air passage 10: Air cylinder part 11: Primary combustion cylinder part 12: Primary air supply port 13: Fuel supply cylinder part 14: Fuel supply port 17: Primary combustion chamber 21: Secondary combustion cylinder part 22: Secondary combustion chamber 23: Secondary air supply port 30: Fuel cell 31: Cathode electrode 33: Anode electrode 45: Air fan (electrical device)
47: Turn-back 100: Combustion device A: Air CG1: Primary combustion gas CG2: Secondary combustion gas EG: Combustion exhaust gas F: Fuel PF: Tubular flame S: Swirl X: Primary combustion supply mechanism

Claims (7)

A primary combustor for primary combustion of fuel in a fuel rich state;
A primary combustion gas passage through which a primary combustion gas discharged from the primary combustor flows;
A cathode passage through which air before being supplied to the primary combustor flows;
A fuel cell disposed with an anode facing the primary combustion gas passage and a cathode facing the cathode passage,
The fuel cell is formed as a cylindrical cell tube portion having an inner peripheral surface as the anode electrode and an outer peripheral surface as the cathode electrode,
The cell cylinder portion is connected to the front end side of the primary combustor in a state of forming the primary combustion gas passage on the inside;
A combustion apparatus comprising a burner cylinder part surrounding the cell cylinder part, wherein the cathode electrode passage is formed between the cell cylinder part and the burner cylinder part,
A combustion apparatus comprising air preheating means for heating air before flowing into the cathode electrode passage by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas after passing through the primary combustion gas passage. An exhaust gas cylinder part that surrounds the burner cylinder part, and an air cylinder part that surrounds the exhaust gas cylinder part,
An exhaust gas passage through which the combustion exhaust gas after passing through the primary combustion gas passage flows is formed between the burner cylinder portion and the exhaust gas cylinder portion,
Between the exhaust gas cylinder part and the air cylinder part, an air passage through which air before flowing into the cathode electrode passage flows is formed,
The portion of the exhaust gas cylinder portion facing the air passage is configured to be able to exchange heat between the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas passage and the air flowing through the air passage, and functions as the air preheating means. Item 4. The combustion apparatus according to Item 1. The burner cylinder part and the exhaust gas cylinder part are formed to extend to the tip side,
The combustion apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a front end lid portion that closes the front end portion of the exhaust gas cylinder portion in a state in which a folding opening is formed with the front end portion of the burner cylinder portion. The primary combustor comprises:
A cylindrical primary combustion cylinder part that is connected to the base end side of the cell cylinder part and forms a primary combustion chamber on the inside, and swirling fuel and air around the axis of the primary combustion chamber in the primary combustion chamber The primary combustion supply mechanism part which supplies so that a flow may generate | occur | produce, and is comprised as a tubular flame burner which forms a tubular flame in the said primary combustion chamber. Combustion device. The primary combustion supply mechanism is
A plurality of primary air supply ports that are dispersedly arranged in the circumferential direction of the primary combustion cylinder portion and allow air supplied to the outside to flow inward;
The fuel supply cylinder part that is concentrically surrounded by the primary combustion cylinder part is arranged in a circumferential direction, and includes a plurality of fuel supply ports that allow the fuel supplied to the inside to flow out.
The combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the primary air supply port and the fuel supply port are formed in a slit shape elongated in the axial direction of the primary combustion chamber, and are formed in a direction along the swirl flow. . A secondary combustor for supplying the primary combustion gas with air and performing secondary combustion;
The secondary combustor is
A cylindrical secondary combustion cylinder part that is connected to the distal end side of the cell cylinder part and forms a secondary combustion chamber on the inner side,
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of secondary air supply ports that are dispersedly arranged in a circumferential direction of the secondary combustion cylinder portion and allow air supplied to the outside to flow into the inside. The combustion apparatus as described.   The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the generated power of the fuel battery cell is supplied as operating power of an electric device including a built-in air fan.

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