JP2014079120A - Generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the assemblability of permanent magnets.SOLUTION: A generator includes: a shaft member; a plurality of first permanent magnets annularly arranged circumferentially with respect to the shaft member; a plurality of second permanent magnets annularly arranged in opposition to the respective first permanent magnets; a plurality of air core coils annularly arranged circumferentially with respect to the shaft member in a space between the first permanent magnets and the second permanent magnets; a disklike coil support fixed to the shaft member coaxially with the shaft member and supporting the plurality of air core coils; and a magnet support rotatably mounted on the shaft member, housing the coil support and supporting the first and second permanent magnets. The magnet support has wall portions intervening between adjacent first permanent magnets and between adjacent second permanent magnets, respectively.

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator.

  As a relatively small generator for wind power generation or hydroelectric power generation, for example, a permanent magnet generator described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. In this generator, an air-core coil is used in order to reduce the torque required at startup. On the other hand, in the case of wind power generation or hydroelectric power generation, since it is not always possible to obtain large wind power or hydraulic power, power generation at a relatively low rotation is often required. For this reason, the number of poles and the number of coils tend to increase.

Japanese Patent No. 4782303

  As the number of poles and the number of coils increase, the number of assembly steps increases and the production efficiency deteriorates. Moreover, since the power generation efficiency is inferior unless the positions of the permanent magnets and the coils are appropriate, it is preferable that positioning can be performed more easily in the assembly. In particular, in the case of a structure in which permanent magnets are opposed to each other so as to sandwich an air-core coil and are annularly arranged as in the generator of Patent Document 1, the number of permanent magnets may be many. In many cases, it is desired to improve the assembly.

  The objective of this invention is improving the assembly | attachment property of a permanent magnet.

  According to the present invention, the shaft member, the plurality of first permanent magnets arranged annularly in the circumferential direction of the shaft member, and the plurality of second permanent magnets arranged annularly facing each of the first permanent magnets. In the space between the permanent magnet, the first permanent magnet, and the second permanent magnet, a plurality of air-core coils arranged annularly in the circumferential direction of the shaft member, and the shaft member coaxial with the shaft member A disk-shaped coil support that is fixed to the plurality of air-core coils and is rotatably attached to the shaft member, and accommodates the coil support and supports the first and second permanent magnets. A magnetic support, and the magnet support has wall portions interposed between the adjacent first permanent magnets and between the adjacent second permanent magnets, respectively. A machine is provided.

  According to the present invention, the assembling property of the permanent magnet can be improved.

Sectional drawing of the generator which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a bottom view of the first unit, (B) is a plan view of the second unit. (A) is a top view of the coil support body of the state which supported the air core coil, (B) is a top view of the coil support body of a state without an air core coil. The perspective view of an air-core coil and a coil support body. (A) is a perspective view of a permanent magnet and a magnet support plate, (B) is explanatory drawing of the other structural example of a magnet support plate. (A) is explanatory drawing of the other structural example of a magnet support plate, (B) is sectional drawing in alignment with line II of FIG. 6 (A), (C) is explanatory drawing of the other structural example of a magnet support plate. .

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view (cut end face view) of a generator A according to an embodiment of the present invention. The generator A includes a shaft member 1, a magnet support 2 that supports a plurality of permanent magnets 4 and 5, and a coil support 3 that supports an air-core coil 6. In the case of the present embodiment, the shaft member 1 and the coil support 3 constitute a stator, and the magnet support 2 constitutes a rotor. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the line L1 in FIG.

  The shaft member 1 is integrally provided with a main body portion 11 and flange portions 12 and 13. The main body 11 has a cylindrical body whose central axis is indicated by L1, and its internal space 11a forms an arrangement space for electrical wiring. On the peripheral surface of the main body 11, a wiring extraction lateral hole 15 communicating with the internal space 11 a is formed, and the electrical wiring in the internal space 11 a can be guided to the outside.

  The flange portions 12 and 13 have a circular shape coaxial with the main body portion 11, and the flange portion 13 has a larger diameter than the flange portion 12 and forms an attachment portion with the coil support 3. On the peripheral surface of the flange portion 12, a wiring lateral hole 14 is formed which communicates with the internal space 11 a and communicates with the groove portion 36 of the coil support 3. As will be described later, in the present embodiment, a plurality of groove portions 36 (three in this case) are formed, and the number of lateral holes 14 corresponding to each groove portion 36 is provided. Via the lateral hole 14, the wiring from the air-core coil 6 can be taken into the internal space 11a.

  When the generator A of this embodiment is applied to a vertical axis wind power generation system, for example, the lower end of the main body 11 is fixed to a base, and a windmill is connected to the magnet support 2. Then, the generator A generates power by the rotation of the windmill around the axis L1.

  Next, the magnet support 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The magnet support 2 includes a first unit 21 and a second unit 22. 2A is a bottom view of the first unit 21, and FIG. 2B is a plan view of the second unit 22.

  The first unit 21 includes a case member 211 and a magnet support plate 212 that supports the permanent magnet 4. In the present embodiment, the case member 211 and the magnet support plate 212 are separate members, but may be a single member integrally provided with them. The case member 211 has a disk shape having an opening 211a having a slightly larger diameter than the upper end of the shaft member 1 at the center thereof, and a recess 211b to which the bearing 214 is attached is formed around the opening 211a. Has been. In this embodiment, the bearing 214 is a ball bearing, and the main body portion 11 of the shaft member 11 is inserted into the inner cylinder thereof, and the flange portion 12 abuts, while the outer cylinder is mounted in the concave portion 211b. The bearing 214 is arranged coaxially with the axis L <b> 1, and the first unit 21 is rotatably attached to the shaft member 1 by the bearing 214.

  The magnet support plate 212 has a disk shape that is coaxial with the axis L1 and that is open at the center. A plurality of screw holes are formed in the inner peripheral edge and the outer peripheral edge of the magnet support plate 212, and are fixed to the case member 211 by a plurality of screws 213.

  The plurality of permanent magnets 4 are fixed to the magnet support plate 212 with, for example, an adhesive. The plurality of permanent magnets 4 are annularly arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft member 1, and are arranged at equal pitch on a virtual circle coaxial with the axis L1. The number of permanent magnets 4 is appropriately set according to the number of phases of the generator A, the assumed number of rotations of the magnet support 2, and the like, but in this embodiment, the generator A is a three-phase AC generator and is relatively slow. The number of permanent magnets 4 is 32 (32 poles). Adjacent permanent magnets 4 have different polarities, and in the circumferential direction, N pole → S pole → N pole. . . It is arranged like that.

  With reference to FIG. 5 (A), the attachment structure of the permanent magnet 4 with respect to the magnet support plate 212 is demonstrated. FIG. 5A is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the permanent magnet 4 and the magnet support plate 212. In FIG. 5A, the bottom side is directed upward for convenience of explanation.

  The magnet support plate 212 includes a support portion 2121 for each permanent magnet 4 to which the permanent magnet 4 is attached. Each support portion 2121 is formed such that the permanent magnets 4 are annularly arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft member 1 and arranged at an equal pitch on a virtual circle coaxial with the axis L1.

  In the case of this embodiment, the support part 2121 is a bottomed concave part including a bottom part 2121a and a wall part 2121b, and a part (side part) of the wall part 2121b is interposed between adjacent permanent magnets 4. A wall portion W is formed. The wall portion W enables at least the circumferential positioning of the permanent magnet 4. The permanent magnet 4 is seated on the bottom portion 2121a and is fixed to the support portion 2121 with an adhesive or the like so as to be partially accommodated in the support portion 2121. The distance between the permanent magnet 4 and the air-core coil 6 can be defined by the depth of the support portion 2121 or the thickness of the bottom portion 2121a.

  The second unit 22 has a configuration obtained by inverting the first unit 21 substantially vertically. The second unit 22 includes a case member 221 and a magnet support plate 222 that supports the permanent magnet 5. As in the case of the first unit 21, the case member 221 and the magnet support plate 222 may be a single member.

  The case member 221 has a disk shape having an opening 221a through which the main body 11 of the shaft member 1 is inserted, and a recess 221b to which the bearing 214 is mounted is formed around the opening 221a. . In the case of this embodiment, the bearing 224 is a ball bearing, and the main body portion 11 of the shaft member 11 is inserted into the inner cylinder and the flange portion 12 abuts, while the outer cylinder is mounted in the recess 221b. The bearing 224 is disposed coaxially with the axis L <b> 1, and the second unit 22 is rotatably attached to the shaft member 1 by the bearing 224.

  A plurality of holes 211c (12 in this embodiment) through which the screws 2a are inserted are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the case member 212 of the first unit 21, and the outer peripheral portion of the case member 222 of the second unit 22 A plurality of screw holes 221 c into which the screws 2 a are screwed are formed corresponding to the plurality of holes 21. Thus, the case member 212 and the case member 221 are fastened by the plurality of screws 2a, and the magnet support body 2 in which the first unit 21 and the second unit 22 are integrated is configured, and the shaft member 1 is rotatable. It is attached.

  The magnet support plate 222 has a disk shape that is coaxial with the axis L1 and that is open at the center. A plurality of screw holes are formed in the inner peripheral edge and the outer peripheral edge of the magnet support plate 222, and are fixed to the case member 211 by a plurality of screws 223.

  The plurality of permanent magnets 5 are fixed to the magnet support plate 222 with, for example, an adhesive. The plurality of permanent magnets 5 are annularly arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft member 1 and are arranged at equal pitch on a virtual circle coaxial with the axis L1. The number of permanent magnets 5 is the same as the number of permanent magnets 4, and each permanent magnet 5 is disposed so as to face each permanent magnet 4. The polarity of the permanent magnet 5 is opposite to that of the opposing permanent magnet 4. For this reason, as in the case of the permanent magnet 4, the adjacent permanent magnets 5 have different polarities, and in the circumferential direction, the S pole → N pole → S pole. . . It is arranged like that.

  The attachment structure of the permanent magnet 5 to the magnet support plate 222 is the same as the attachment structure of the permanent magnet 4 to the magnet support plate 212 in the first unit 21. By making the magnet support plate 212 and the magnet support plate 222 the same component, the number of component types can be reduced.

  An accommodation space for the air-core coil 6 and the coil support 3 is formed between the first unit 21 and the second unit 22, and the air-core coil 6 and the coil support 3 are accommodated therein. The coil support 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, and 4. 3A is a plan view of the coil support 3 in a state where the air-core coil 6 is supported, and FIG. 3B is a plan view of the coil support 3 in a state where the air-core coil 6 is not present (a state before attachment). It is. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the air-core coil 6 and the coil support 3, and shows a state where one air-core coil 6 is not attached to the coil support 3.

  The coil support 3 has a disk shape coaxial with the axis L1, and is integrally molded from, for example, a synthetic resin. The coil support 3 has an opening 31 that is coaxial with the axis L1 and through which the flange 12 of the shaft member 1 is inserted. A periphery of the opening 31 forms a mounting portion 32 to which the flange portion 13 of the shaft member 1 is attached. The mounting portion 32 is partitioned by an axis L1 and a partition wall 33 having a coaxial arc shape.

  A mounting hole 32 a is formed in the mounting portion 32. An attachment hole corresponding to the attachment hole 32a is formed in the flange portion 13, and is fixed to each other by a fixture 30 (here, a rivet) as shown in FIG. Thus, the coil support 3 is fixed to the shaft member 1 coaxially.

  The coil support 3 includes a support portion 34 for each air core coil 6 to which the air core coil 6 is attached. In the case of this embodiment, 24 air-core coils 6 are provided, and the number of support portions 34 is also 24. Each support portion 34 is formed so that the air-core coil 6 is annularly arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft member 1 in the space between the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet 5. The part 34 is formed such that the air-core coils 6 are arranged at an equal pitch on a virtual circle coaxial with the axis L1.

  In the case of this embodiment, the support portion 34 is a bottomed recess including a bottom portion 34a and a wall portion 34b, and the air-core coil 6 is seated on the bottom portion 34a and accommodated in the support portion 34 so as to be bonded. It is fixed to the support portion 34 by an agent or the like. The depth of the support part 34 or the thickness of the bottom part 34a, the position of the mounting part 32 in the axial direction, etc. Set to do. The wall portion 34 b is formed upright from the bottom portion 34 a and includes a portion interposed between the adjacent air-core coils 6. This prevents adjacent air-core coils 6 from contacting each other.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the wall 34b is formed over the entire circumference so as to surround the air-core coil 6, and the height (depth of the recess) is low on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side. It is getting higher. As a result, the air core coil 6 can be easily mounted and wired on the inner peripheral side, while the support performance and protection performance of the air core coil 6 can be improved on the outer peripheral side.

  The coil support 3 also includes a wiring space forming portion 36 formed in an annular shape in the circumferential direction of the shaft member 1 on the inner peripheral side of the support portion 34. The wiring space forming portion 36 is partitioned by the partition wall 33 and formed on the outer peripheral side thereof, and is formed at an intermediate height between the bottom 34 and the upper surface of the partition wall 33. Here, wiring for connecting the air-core coils 6 can be passed. The wiring may be formed on the substrate. In this case, the substrate can be fixed to the wiring space forming portion 36. Since the wiring can be passed at a position lower than the upper surface of the partition wall 33, it is possible to more reliably prevent the wiring from contacting the first unit 21. Moreover, after attaching the air-core coil 6 to the support part 34, a connection work can be performed from the upper surface side of the coil support body 3, and workability | operativity can be improved.

  The coil support 3 also includes a wiring groove 37. The groove portion 37 is formed from the opening portion 31 to the wiring space forming portion 36, and is formed at three places in the present embodiment. As described above, the flange portion 12 of the shaft member 1 is formed with the lateral hole 14 that communicates with the groove portion 37, and the wiring in the wiring space forming portion 36 is collected by the groove portion 37 from the lateral hole 14 into the shaft member 1. Can be introduced and taken outside.

  In the generator A having such a configuration, the magnet support 2 rotates around the shaft member 1, so that the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 4 and 5 crosses the air core coil 6, thereby generating power with the air core coil 6. To do. In assembling the generator A, when the air core coil 6 is assembled to the coil support 3, the support portion 34 is prepared for each air core coil 6, so if the air core coil 6 is sequentially inserted into the support portion 34. The assembling work can be performed together with the positioning. At this time, since the support portion 34 has the bottom portion 34a, the air-core coil 6 is seated on the bottom portion 34a and is stably stopped. Thereafter, the air-core coil 6 can be fixed by sequentially filling an adhesive or the like, and the assembling property can be improved.

  Further, in assembling the permanent magnet 4 to the magnet support plate 212, the support portion 2121 is facilitated for each permanent magnet 4. Therefore, if the permanent magnet 4 is sequentially attached to the support portion 2121, the assembly work is performed together with the positioning. be able to. Thereafter, the permanent magnet 4 can be fixed by sequentially filling an adhesive or the like, and the assembling property can be improved. Thereafter, the magnet support plate 212 may be fixed to the case member 211. The assembly of the permanent magnet 5 to the magnet support plate 222 and the fixing to the case member 221 are the same.

<Other embodiments>
Hereinafter, another configuration example of the support portion 2121 will be described. Note that the respective configuration examples can be appropriately combined with each other.

  FIG. 5B shows an example in which an opening 2121a 'penetrating through the bottom 2121a is provided. By providing the opening 2121a ', the weight of the magnet support plate 212 can be reduced, the inertia of the magnet support 2 can be reduced, and the startability of the generator A can be improved. In addition, the seating property of the permanent magnet 4 with respect to the bottom part 2121a is not deteriorated by forming the opening part 2121a 'in the central part.

  Next, in the said embodiment, although the support part 2121 was formed as a recessed part, it is good also as a structure only of the wall part W. FIG. 6A and 6B show an example thereof, FIG. 6A is a bottom view (exploded view) of a part of the magnet support plate 212, and FIG. 6B is a line I in FIG. 6A. It is sectional drawing which follows -I. In the example of the figure, the wall portion W stands up from the bottom portion 2121a, and the gap between the wall portions W constitutes the support portion 2121. This configuration also contributes to weight reduction of the magnet support plate 212. The wall portion W extends radially around the axis L1 and the permanent magnet 4 also has a trapezoidal shape, so that the wall portion W not only positions the permanent magnet 4 in the circumferential direction but also in the radial direction. Can also be positioned.

  Next, in the said embodiment, although the case where the inner peripheral surface (surface of wall part 2121b) of the recessed support part 2121 was a smooth surface was assumed, the convex part which protruded inside (permanent magnet 4 side) was assumed. It may be provided. FIG. 6C shows an example thereof, and shows a bottom view (exploded view) of a part of the magnet support plate 212. As shown in the figure, the wall portion 2121 b has a convex portion P, and the tip portion thereof is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the permanent magnet 4. According to this configuration, the resistance when the permanent magnet 4 is mounted on the support portion 2121 is reduced, and the assembly performance can be further improved while maintaining the positioning performance of the permanent magnet 4. In particular, it is effective in reducing the resistance when the permanent magnet 4 is attached to the support portion 2121 with almost no play when the permanent magnet 4 is attached.

Claims (4)

A shaft member;
A plurality of first permanent magnets arranged annularly in the circumferential direction of the shaft member;
A plurality of second permanent magnets arranged annularly facing each of the first permanent magnets;
A plurality of air-core coils arranged annularly in the circumferential direction of the shaft member in a space between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet;
A disc-shaped coil support that is fixed to the shaft member coaxially with the shaft member and supports the plurality of air-core coils;
A magnet support which is rotatably attached to the shaft member, accommodates the coil support and supports the first and second permanent magnets;
With
The magnet support is
Having adjacent wall portions between the adjacent first permanent magnets and between the adjacent second permanent magnets;
A generator characterized by that. The magnet support is
For each of the first and second permanent magnets, there is a recess in which the first and second permanent magnets are mounted,
The wall is the wall of the recess,
The generator according to claim 1. The recess is
Having an inner peripheral surface on which convex portions are formed,
The generator according to claim 2. The magnet support is
A first case member;
A first magnet support plate to which the plurality of first permanent magnets are fixed and attached to the first case member;
A second case member attached to the first case member;
A plurality of second permanent magnets fixed and a second magnet support plate attached to the second case member;
The first and second magnet support plates are the same part;
The generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the generator is provided.

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