JP2014074131A - Method of manufacturing black japanese lacquer and method of manufacturing lacquer ware using black japanese lacquer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method capable of efficiently, safety and simply manufacturing a black Japanese lacquer and a method of manufacturing a lacquer ware using the black Japanese lacquer, as well as a method of manufacturing the black Japanese lacquer having no risk of overheat and firing even when filter medium filtrated residual zinc fine particles and the like are left as is.SOLUTION: The manufacturing method includes contacting raw Japanese lacquer and zinc to make black color and it is preferable that zinc fine particles are used as zinc and contacting raw Japanese lacquer and zinc is conducted by agitation and mixing. A particle diameter of zinc fine particles is preferably 70 to 170 μm in the case of removing residual zinc fine particles and 1 to 20 μm in the case of not removing. Also a compounding ratio of raw Japanese lacquer and zinc fine particles is preferably raw Japanese lacquer:zinc fine particles=1:0.1 to 2.0 by weight ratio.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing black lacquer and a method for manufacturing lacquer ware using the black lacquer.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing black lacquer, which can be easily prepared (prepared), and used to manufacture lacquer ware by applying to the outermost surface of lacquer ware in the finishing process of lacquer ware. It is related with the manufacturing method of the lacquerware using the black lacquer.

Lacquer is prepared by collecting sap from a lacquer tree and purifying and concentrating the sap, and the collected sap is said to be rough lacquer with a milky white emulsion.
For this purpose, impurities such as bark and dust are mixed. Therefore, the impurities are first removed by filtration. For the filtration, cloth or cotton is used, and the sap after the filtration is called raw lacquer. Until the filtration, the collected sap is put in a container such as orchid, stored under the floor, and aged (fermented). At present, this raw lacquer is commercially available and can be purchased at lacquer material stores, but most of the commercial products are made in China.

Thereafter, a refining operation called nayashi and chrome is performed on the raw lacquer. The former nayashi is a stirring operation and the latter is a dewatering operation.
The coconut palm is used to make the lacquer component uniform, and is used to improve the gloss and skin of the surface of the lacquer ware that has been painted.
The stirring operation is usually performed for about 1 hour 30 minutes by putting raw lacquer in a container equipped with a stirrer such as a stirring blade (propeller), and the rotation speed at that time is about 60 rpm.

The chrome that is made after the coconut palm is used to reduce the moisture in the raw lacquer by evaporating the moisture because the raw lacquer after the completion of the coconut palm has a high water content and low concentration. The process is performed until the water content becomes moderate (5 to 10 wt%) while being held.
The chrome is usually carried out by placing a heat source on a container that has been subjected to coconut palm and rotating the stirring blade of the stirrer. This chrome is performed to adjust the drying time after application. (Refer nonpatent literature 1).

  Black lacquer is manufactured by thoroughly mixing fine iron powder into the lacquer after the completion of this chrome, and iron is gradually oxidized by the mixing of this iron powder. It turns black gradually after repeated contact. The mixing is performed while stirring in a container equipped with a stirrer, and is finished when a desired black color is developed. The mixing time is usually about 4 to 6 hours. At the time of blackening, caustic soda is also mixed in addition to the iron powder, and this mixing accelerates the oxidation of iron and consequently promotes blackening. In addition, mixing of this iron powder can also be performed during the coconut process or during the chrome process, not after the completion of chrome.

After the blackening by the contact between the iron powder and the lacquer, solids such as iron powder remaining in the lacquer are removed, but the removal operation is performed by filtering with cloth or cotton.
In the past, there was a case where a fire broke out from a manufacturing workshop of a lacquer ware manufacturer, and the cause was said to be that the oxidation reaction of the remaining iron powder was accelerated rapidly, and as a result, the cloth or cotton was ignited due to overheating. Yes. For this reason, it is necessary to pay careful attention to the handling of cloth or cotton in which iron powder, caustic soda, etc. remain after use, and to manage them appropriately.

The iron powder is also contained in disposable warmers used in winter, and generates heat by oxidizing with oxygen in the atmosphere. In the body warmer, other components are mixed and the particle size of the iron powder is adjusted so that the oxidation reaction does not progress so rapidly that the user gets burned, which slows down the oxidation reaction and overheats. It is suppressed.
On the other hand, in the production of black lacquer, as mentioned above, since sufficient consideration has not been made before, iron powder mixed with caustic soda after use remaining in the cloth or cotton after filtration is air. There was a risk of overheating due to rapid reaction with oxygen in the inside, and ignition.

"Basic knowledge of lacquerware appreciation" 1 by Hidehide Komatsu, published on December 20, 1997

Under such circumstances, some of the inventors etc. have been researching lacquer and lacquerware for the preservation and repair of cultural properties in the Department of Cultural Properties at the University. When applied with a brush, the color gradually changed, and it was found that the color became darker with time and turned black.
Since the metal plate was brass (brass), the same attempt was first made on the copper plate which is the main component of brass. As a result, raw lacquer gradually colored black with the passage of time, but the change was the same as when left unnatural and did not discolor to such an extent that it could be used as black lacquer.

Next, the same thing was tried on the iron plate made of the same iron as the iron powder. That is, in the production of black lacquer, iron powder is used as described above, and raw lacquer turns black due to its use, so the same thing was tried as in the case of a copper plate. There was no particular difference from the case, and there was no discoloration to the extent that it could be used as black lacquer. In this case, the viscosity gradually increased, and it was difficult to handle and applied inappropriately as lacquer.
Therefore, the present inventors have found that in brass, when it is applied on a zinc plate focusing on zinc, which has the highest content after copper, the color gradually changes, the color becomes darker with time and becomes black over time. .

The inventors of the present invention have further studied by paying attention to this phenomenon. In that case, paying attention to the fact that it was blackened when applied on a zinc plate, fine powder and particles of zinc, which is the same metal, were mixed in raw lacquer and stirred. As a result, the raw lacquer turned black as in the case of application on the zinc plate. In particular, it was found that when zinc fine powder and fresh lacquer were mixed and stirred, the blackening occurred in a short time during stirring, unlike when applied on a metal zinc plate.
At that time, it was tried to filter the zinc fine powder with cloth, paper, etc. and leave it as it was, but in that case, it was not overheated as when the iron powder was filtered.

Therefore, the present inventors have made further studies to make use of this new knowledge.
As a result, it was found that black lacquer can be easily produced by storing raw lacquer in a zinc container and stirring with a stirrer. It has also been found that black lacquer can be easily produced by putting raw lacquer into a container made of a substance other than zinc and stirring with a stirrer equipped with a zinc stirring blade at the tip. Moreover, it turned out that blackening can be made efficient by making a container and a stirring blade both from zinc, and black lacquer can be manufactured more simply.
In these cases, it was not necessary to use caustic soda as in the case of producing black lacquer using iron powder.

  Then, the zinc fine powder remaining after stirring with fresh lacquer was filtered with a cloth, and when left as it was, it was not overheated as in the case of filtering the iron powder, and it was found that there was no concern about fire. Furthermore, it was also found that even if the residual zinc fine powder after stirring with fresh lacquer is left as it is without being filtered with cloth, paper, etc., it can be used as black lacquer in the top coating process. Moreover, both the container and the stirring blade are made of zinc, and by adding zinc fine powder and / or zinc particles to fresh lacquer and stirring and mixing them, the blackening can be made more efficient, making it even easier. It was also found that black lacquer can be manufactured.

The present invention has been successfully developed based on the various findings described above.
Therefore, this invention makes it the subject which the invention tends to solve to provide the manufacturing method of black lacquer which can be manufactured efficiently and simply and safely.
Furthermore, this invention also makes it the subject which tries to solve providing the manufacturing method of the lacquerware using this black lacquer.

And in the manufacturing method of the black lacquer of the present invention, as in the case of blackening with iron powder, it is not necessary to remove the zinc fine powder remaining from the blackened lacquer, and further when removed by filtration However, it is an object of the present invention to solve the problem of providing a method for producing black lacquer that is overheated and does not ignite even if a cloth to which fine zinc powder after filtration is attached is left as it is.
In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing black lacquer that does not require the use of caustic soda which is a dangerous drug.

The method for producing black lacquer of the present invention described above is characterized in that the black lacquer is made black by bringing raw lacquer into contact with zinc.
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the lacquerware of this invention uses the black lacquer manufactured with the said manufacturing method at an overcoat process, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

About the zinc used in the manufacturing method of the black lacquer of this invention, the thing of various forms (shape) can be used, without being restrict | limited especially, As a form of a zinc raw material, a fine powder is preferable. The particle size is preferably 200 μm or less. When the fine zinc powder is not filtered after blackening, the particle size is preferably less than 50 μm, preferably 1 to 20 μm, more preferably 2 to 10 μm. On the contrary, when filtering, 50-200 micrometers is good, Preferably it is 70-170 micrometers, More preferably, 90-150 micrometers is good.
About the mixture ratio of raw lacquer and zinc fine powder, raw lacquer: zinc fine powder = 1: 0.1-2.0 are good by weight ratio, Preferably 0.5-1.5 are good.

About the form of the zinc, it may be not only the form of the material but also an apparatus such as a tool or a member. In that case, various kinds of materials conventionally used in the lacquer manufacturing process can be used. Examples thereof include a container used in the coconut process and the chrome process, a stirring blade provided at the tip of the stirrer, and the like, which are preferable.
And most preferable is an embodiment in which a black lacquer is produced by stirring and mixing raw lacquer and fine zinc powder in the container using a stirring device in which both the stirring blades of the container and the stirrer are made of zinc. .

The invention of the present application can provide a black lacquer manufacturing method that is efficient, safe and simple to manufacture, and has an excellent effect that enables it to manufacture lacquerware. It is what you play.
First, the black lacquer manufacturing method of the present invention does not need to remove the zinc fine powder and caustic soda remaining from the blackened lacquer as in the case of blackening with iron powder, and further filtered. Even if it is removed by the above, even if a cloth or the like to which fine zinc powder after filtration adheres is left as it is, it is excellent without overheating and ignition.

Secondly, there is no need to use caustic soda, which is a dangerous drug, as in the case of blackening with iron powder. In this respect, safety is superior to the case of blackening with iron powder.
In other words, the present invention eliminates the need to use caustic soda that dissolves the skin and adheres to the skin, destroys the skin cells, and can cause blindness if the solution splashes and enters the eyes. Is excellent.

FIG. 1 shows an overview of the entire process of lacquer ware manufacturing by lacquer book hard coating.

Below, the manufacturing method of the black lacquer of this invention and the manufacturing method of a lacquer ware are demonstrated in detail.
Since the manufacturing method of the black lacquer of this invention is characterized by blackening by making fresh lacquer and zinc contact as above-mentioned, the manufacturing raw material to be used is raw lacquer and zinc.

The raw lacquer used in the manufacturing method is a product obtained by removing impurities such as bark and dust from the sap collected from the lacquer tree, as described above, by filtration, so black lacquer is produced using iron powder. There is an advantage that the manufacturing process of black lacquer can be simplified without having to go through the coconut process and the chrome process as in the case of doing.
In the present invention, as a matter of course, it is possible to use the lacquer raw material that has undergone the coconut process and the chrome process as a black material.

About the compounding ratio with the zinc fine powder with the raw lacquer, the raw lacquer: zinc fine powder = 1: 0.1-2.0 are good by weight ratio, Preferably 0.5-1.5 are good.
When the content of zinc fine powder exceeds 2.0, the viscosity increases, and handling becomes difficult when forming a coating film using a brush. Conversely, when it is less than 0.1, the viscosity decreases, and as a result, when the coating film is formed using a brush, the coating film becomes thin, and it is necessary to apply twice or more.

  And as for the raw material of zinc, those in various forms can be used without any particular restriction, and any of fine powder, granular material or plate-like material can be used. Can be used. When the same weight is compared with respect to these forms, the fine powder has the largest contact surface area with fresh lacquer, and the blackening is the fastest. Therefore, the fine powder is the most preferred form of the zinc material.

  In the case of the fine powder, both of the two cases of filtering the zinc fine powder after blackening and not filtering can be preferably used. When impurities such as wood chips remain in raw lacquer, it is a preferred embodiment because it can be removed together with zinc fine powder remaining by filtration with cloth or paper called “filtered paper” in the industry. In this case, the particle size of zinc is preferably 50 to 200 μm, preferably 70 to 170 μm, and more preferably 90 to 150 μm. Conversely, when it is not necessary to remove impurities, the particle size of zinc should be less than 50 μm, preferably 1 to 20 μm, more preferably 2 to 10 μm.

  The reason for filtering in the above is to avoid the possibility of irregularities appearing on the surface when zinc fine powder is used in the top coating process of lacquer ware when the average particle size of the zinc fine powder increases. Therefore, to avoid the filtration, the particle size should be less than 50 μm, and if it is more than that, the remaining zinc fine powder can be filtered in the same way as when blackening using iron powder. desirable. When fine zinc powder having a particle size of 1 to 20 [mu] m, more preferably 2 to 10 [mu] m is used, it can be used without worrying about irregularities appearing on the surface of the lacquer ware.

As for the form of the zinc material, granular materials can also be used as described above. In that case, since the average particle size is extremely large compared to the case of the fine powder form, it can be easily separated from raw lacquer and separated. Later zinc particles can be reused.
In the case of reuse, it is necessary to separate and purify the remaining zinc particles from a filter cloth or the like, and various methods can be used for the method without any particular limitation.

As an example, a method of washing the filter medium after separation of lacquer and zinc particles with a solvent can be exemplified. The lacquer adhering to the filter medium and the zinc particles does not dissolve depending on the solvent, but the remaining lacquer can be dispersed in the solvent and diluted.
In this diluted lacquer, first the filter cloth can be separated by picking it out with chopsticks, tweezers, etc., and the remaining zinc particles can be easily separated and recovered from the diluted lacquer by using a sieve. Can be reused.

In that case, although the lacquer remains as a thin film on the surface of the separated zinc particles, the lacquer can be removed by incineration when reused. As another method in this case, the lacquer on the zinc surface may be stored without curing by immersing in a solvent until reuse, and taken out at the time of reuse and mixed with lacquer.
Furthermore, when a method different from this method is illustrated, zinc can be separated and purified by burning both together as they are without separating the filter medium after filtering lacquer and zinc particles.

As for the form of the zinc material, a plate-like body can also be used as described above. In that case, for example, the black lacquer is produced by gradually turning black lacquer with a spatula on the zinc plate to produce black lacquer. can do.
The method in this case is not suitable for mass production and is not an efficient method, but can be suitably employed when producing a small amount of black lacquer.

And about zinc, it can be used also with forms other than a raw material, and in that case, it is good to set it as the form of the apparatus of various structures used at a lacquer manufacturing process, and the container and stirring blade which are used at a coconut process and a chrome process The form of the stirring apparatus provided with the stirrer provided with can be illustrated.
When it is set as such a form, raw lacquer becomes black gradually and black lacquer can be manufactured by accommodating raw lacquer in a container and rotating a stirring blade.

  Moreover, when making zinc into the aspect of the apparatus of various structures, it is not necessary for all the apparatuses to be made from zinc, and only the part which raw lacquer contacts can also be made from zinc or hot dip galvanization. For example, as for the stirrer, the entire stirrer may be made of zinc, or only the stirring blade that is in contact with the raw lacquer may be made of zinc. Further, instead of a zinc container, a steel container surface subjected to hot dip galvanization can be used as well. In that case, the thickness of the plating gradually decreases as it is used, but when the iron is exposed, it can be reused by hot-dip plating again.

  This manufactured black lacquer will be used in the top-coating process, which is the final application process in the lacquer ware manufacturing process. These lacquerware products are indicated by more specific product names. Examples include tables, Buddhist accessories, and building materials.

In the manufacturing method of the lacquer ware, a unique name is given to the base formation process, for example, lacquer book hard ground, mud base (sometimes referred to as glue base), Kisomoto base, etc. is there.
And the manufacturing method of the lacquer ware which passed through these foundation | substrate formation processes is called the lacquer book hard coat, the mud foundation coat, and the Kisomoto foundation coat. In these lacquer ware manufacturing methods, all have a wood-base adjustment process, a foundation formation (grounding) process, a consolidation process, an intermediate coating process, a top coating process, and the like. The black lacquer produced by this manufacturing method is used in the top coating process.

  Hereinafter, the details of the black lacquer manufacturing method of the present invention will be described with reference to a plurality of examples. However, the present invention is not limited in any way by the examples, and is specified by the description of the scope of claims. Needless to say, it is something.

[Example 1]
Raw raw lacquer and fine zinc powder used in Example 1 are commercially available products, and are as follows.
(Raw materials used)
Raw lacquer: (raw material Chinese raw lacquer lacquer, kiso lacquerware industry cooperative processing sales).
Zinc fine powder: (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., gray, particle size 10 μm)
The color of the zinc fine powder is the result of visual observation.

(Black lacquer making method)
Take the raw lacquer and the zinc fine powder in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5, specifically take 10 g of raw lacquer and 15 g of zinc fine powder, place them on a 10 mm thick plywood, and visually check with a spatula. Stir and mix until it turns black to produce black lacquer.
The time required to produce black lacquer was 10 minutes.

(Sample preparation method)
The black lacquer prepared above was applied to a stainless steel plate and glass plate whose surfaces were washed with anhydrous alcohol with a brush and dried naturally to form a black lacquer coating film. The size of the used stainless steel plate and glass plate is as follows. The drying period was 1 day.
Stainless steel plate: 100 x 200 x 0.3 (mm)
Glass plate: 26 x 75 x 12 (mm)

(Test and observation results)
When the black lacquer coating film formed after natural drying was observed with the naked eye, it became a glossy appropriate black color, and a good black coating film could be formed by the black lacquer produced in the present invention. It could be confirmed. Further, this was polished with abrasive paper [(sand paper) 600 #], but was not peeled off. Furthermore, it was confirmed with the tentacles that a black lacquer coating film was also firmly formed on a glass plate that was supposed to be easily peeled off.
Since it is as above, it has confirmed that the coating film formed using the black lacquer manufactured by this invention was excellent also in adhesiveness.

[Example 2]
In Example 2, a sample was prepared basically in accordance with Example 1, and a performance test was performed. However, the mixing ratio of raw lacquer and zinc fine powder in Example 2 was different from that in Example 1. It is as follows.
(Mixing ratio)
(1) Raw lacquer: zinc fine powder (weight ratio) = 1: 0.1
(2) Raw lacquer: zinc fine powder (weight ratio) = 1: 0.5
(3) Raw lacquer: zinc fine powder (weight ratio) = 1: 1.0

(Test materials, etc.)
Raw lacquer, zinc fine powder, etc. used at that time are as follows.
Raw lacquer: (raw material Chinese raw lacquer lacquer, kiso lacquerware industry cooperative processing sales).
Zinc fine powder: [manufactured by Hikari Material Industries Co., Ltd., product names ("ZN-4N", "ZN-3N", "ZN-4A1"], gray). The color of the zinc fine powder is the result of visual observation.

The particle size and average particle size of these three products are as follows.
“ZN-4N”: particle size 53 μm (average particle size 26.9 μm)
“ZN-3N”: particle size of 150 μm (average particle size of 63.6 μm)
“ZN-4A1”: particle size 53 μm (average particle size 25.3 μm)

(Black lacquer and sample preparation method)
The raw lacquer and the fine zinc powder are collected in the above ratios, kneaded with a spatula for 10 minutes on a surface plate, then placed in a container and mixed with a spatula for 30 minutes. It was confirmed that After stirring and mixing, two types of black lacquers were produced, one containing the remaining zinc powder and one removed by filtration.

  During the filtration, several sheets of paper called “filtered paper” used in the lacquer industry are used to remove impurities such as bark and dust when producing raw lacquer from rough lacquer. did. As a result of this filtration, the above-mentioned three fine particle size zinc fine powders could all be separated from lacquer in a short time (several minutes). At that time, impurities such as bark and dust remaining in the raw lacquer could also be separated and removed. The size of the filter paper used at that time was about 600 × 400 mm. The produced black lacquer was applied with brush to glass (150 × 80 × 2 mm) whose surface was cleaned with ethanol. The application was performed immediately after the black lacquer was produced and after 24 hours, and three types of samples were produced.

(Test (observation) results)
When the black lacquer coating film formed after natural drying was observed with the naked eye, it was an appropriate black color for any sample, and a good black coating film was formed at the various blending ratios described above, and The tentacles were confirmed to be firmly fixed. Furthermore, although it grind | polished using abrasive paper [(sand paper) 600 #], it did not peel. Specifically, an excellent black lacquer coating film could be formed at any of the mixing ratios (1), (2), and (3).

  In addition, an excellent black lacquer coating film could be formed both when applied immediately after mixing and stirring, and when applied after standing for 24 hours. Furthermore, after stirring and mixing raw lacquer and fine zinc powder, an excellent black lacquer coating film can be formed both in the state of containing the residual fine zinc powder and when removed by filtration. It was. When the fine zinc powder was filtered and not filtered with paper, the surface was observed to have some unevenness.

Claims (8)

  A method for producing black lacquer characterized in that black lacquer is made black by bringing raw lacquer and zinc into contact with each other.   The method for producing black lacquer according to claim 1, wherein the form of zinc is fine powder or granular, and the contact with raw lacquer is stirring and mixing.   The method for producing black lacquer according to claim 2, wherein the zinc fine powder has a particle size of 1 to 20 μm and does not remove the zinc fine powder remaining after blackening.   The method for producing black lacquer according to claim 2, wherein the zinc fine powder has a particle size of 50 to 200 µm and the zinc fine powder remaining after blackening is removed.   The black lacquer according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the mixing ratio of raw lacquer and fine zinc powder is raw lacquer: fine zinc powder = 1: 0.1 to 2.0 by weight ratio. Manufacturing method.   The method for producing black lacquer according to claim 1, wherein the form of zinc is a container and / or a stirring blade of a stirrer, and the contact with raw lacquer is stirring and mixing.   A method for producing black lacquer, comprising stirring and mixing raw lacquer and zinc fine powder in a stirrer equipped with a stirrer equipped with a zinc stirring blade and a container.   The manufacturing method of the lacquer ware using the black lacquer manufactured with the manufacturing method of the black lacquer of any one of the said Claims 1 thru | or 7 in an overcoating process.

Images