JP2014061639A - Welding method and welding apparatus - Google Patents

Welding method and welding apparatus Download PDF

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JP2014061639A
JP2014061639A JP2012207658A JP2012207658A JP2014061639A JP 2014061639 A JP2014061639 A JP 2014061639A JP 2012207658 A JP2012207658 A JP 2012207658A JP 2012207658 A JP2012207658 A JP 2012207658A JP 2014061639 A JP2014061639 A JP 2014061639A
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light
welding
front cover
irradiation surface
reflected
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JP6005457B2 (en
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Yuji Sagesaka
裕至 提坂
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1661—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning repeatedly, e.g. quasi-simultaneous laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1687—Laser beams making use of light guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81268—Reflective to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1687—Laser beams making use of light guides
    • B29C65/169—Laser beams making use of light guides being a part of the joined article
    • B29C65/1693—Laser beams making use of light guides being a part of the joined article in the form of a cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/747—Lightning equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve welding with high welding efficiency by reducing reflection loss of irradiation light on a surface of a member in a welding technique for welding members by the irradiation light.SOLUTION: A welding method and a welding apparatus bring a second member (front cover) 2 having optical transparency into close contact with a first member (lamp body) 1 and emit laser light L deflection-controlled by an optical deflector from the second member side to weld the surfaces brought into close contact with each other. Light reflecting means (light reflecting surface) 143 is arranged in at least a partial region on the side of a light irradiation surface of the second member 2. The laser light L is reflected by the light reflecting means 143, and the reflected light irradiates the light irradiation surface of the second member 2 at a small incident angle.

Description

本発明はレーザ光等の光を照射して被加工物を溶着する際の溶着効率を高めることが可能な溶着方法及び溶着装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a welding method and a welding apparatus capable of increasing the welding efficiency when welding workpieces by irradiating light such as laser light.

車両用ランプを製造する工程の一つに容器状をしたランプボディに透明な前面カバーを一体的に固着する工程があり、この固着する工程としてランプボディと前面カバーを溶着する方法が用いられている。例えば、図１のように前面を開口した容器状のランプボディ１と、このランプボディ１の当該前面開口に固着する透明な樹脂製の前面カバー２とでランプハウジングを構成する場合に、ランプボディ１の前面開口の周縁に沿ってフランジ３を設け、このフランジ３の前面と前面カバー２の周縁部４の内面（いずれも図１に点描する）を密接し、この密接面を溶着面として両者を溶着して一体化している。この溶着に際し、特許文献１では光吸収性の樹脂で形成したランプボディの前面開口上に光透過性のある樹脂で形成した前面カバーを接触状態に載置し、前面カバーの外面側から溶着面に対してレーザ光を照射することによって当該溶着面をレーザ光の光エネルギで溶融させて両者を溶着させている。また、このような溶着に際してはレーザ光を溶着面に沿って照射させることが必要とされるが、特許文献２ではＸＹ２軸回転ミラーユニット、いわゆるガルバノミラー装置を用いてレーザ光を偏向制御することにより溶着面に沿ってレーザ光を走査する技術が提案されている。   One of the steps for manufacturing a lamp for a vehicle is a step of integrally fixing a transparent front cover to a container-shaped lamp body, and a method of welding the lamp body and the front cover is used as the step of fixing. Yes. For example, when a lamp housing is constituted by a container-shaped lamp body 1 having a front opening as shown in FIG. 1 and a transparent resin front cover 2 fixed to the front opening of the lamp body 1, The flange 3 is provided along the peripheral edge of the front opening 1 and the front surface of the flange 3 and the inner surface of the peripheral edge portion 4 of the front cover 2 (both shown in FIG. 1) are in close contact. Are integrated by welding. At the time of this welding, in Patent Document 1, a front cover formed of a light-transmitting resin is placed in contact with a front opening of a lamp body formed of a light-absorbing resin, and a welding surface is formed from the outer surface side of the front cover. By irradiating the laser beam with the laser beam, the welding surface is melted by the light energy of the laser beam to weld them together. Further, in such welding, it is necessary to irradiate laser light along the welding surface. However, in Patent Document 2, deflection control of laser light is performed using an XY biaxial rotating mirror unit, a so-called galvanometer mirror device. Thus, a technique for scanning a laser beam along the welding surface has been proposed.

特許文献１や特許文献２の技術を用いて車両用ランプのランプハウジングを製造する溶着装置としては、例えば図２に示す溶着装置が用いられる。この溶着装置はレーザ光源１１から出射されたレーザ光をガルバノミラー等の光偏向手段１２により任意方向に向けて偏向して照射する光偏向装置１０を備える。また当該溶着装置は被溶着物であるランプボディ１を前面開口を上方に向けて配置するワーク台１３を備え、配置したランプボディ１上に前面カバー２を載置し、さらにその上に押え板１４を配設する。この押え板１４によって前面カバー２を下方に押圧し、前面カバー２の周縁部４をランプボディ１の前面開口のフランジ３に当接させる。そして、光偏向装置１０によって偏向制御したレーザ光Ｌをランプボディ１のフランジ３に沿って走査しながら照射することにより、レーザ光Ｌは押え板１４を透過し、さらに前面カバー２を透過して溶着面に照射され、当該溶着面においてランプボディ１と前面カバー２を溶着することが可能になる。この溶着装置ではレーザ光Ｌを全溶着面に対して高速で複数回照射することが可能であり、溶着面を全周にわたって同時に溶着するため高品質の溶着が短時間で実現できる。   For example, a welding apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is used as a welding apparatus for manufacturing a lamp housing of a vehicle lamp using the techniques of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. This welding apparatus includes an optical deflection apparatus 10 that irradiates a laser beam emitted from a laser light source 11 by deflecting the laser beam in an arbitrary direction by an optical deflection unit 12 such as a galvano mirror. In addition, the welding apparatus includes a work base 13 on which the lamp body 1 as an object to be welded is arranged with the front opening facing upward, the front cover 2 is placed on the arranged lamp body 1, and a presser plate is further provided thereon. 14 is disposed. The front cover 2 is pressed downward by the pressing plate 14, and the peripheral edge 4 of the front cover 2 is brought into contact with the flange 3 of the front opening of the lamp body 1. Then, by irradiating the laser beam L, whose deflection is controlled by the light deflecting device 10, while scanning along the flange 3 of the lamp body 1, the laser beam L passes through the holding plate 14 and further passes through the front cover 2. The welding surface is irradiated, and the lamp body 1 and the front cover 2 can be welded on the welding surface. In this welding apparatus, it is possible to irradiate the entire welding surface with the laser beam L at a plurality of times at a high speed. Since the welding surface is simultaneously welded over the entire circumference, high quality welding can be realized in a short time.

特開２００９−５６７５５号公報JP 2009-56755 A 特開２００５−２５４６１８号公報JP 2005-254618 A

このような光偏向装置１０を用いた溶着装置では、レーザ光Ｌは溶着装置に位置固定されている光偏向装置１０において偏向制御されて溶着面に対して照射されるので、光偏向装置１０に対する溶着面の相対位置の違いによって溶着面に対するレーザ光Ｌの入射角が変化されることになる。すなわち、近年の車両用ランプはデザインニーズによって車両側方に回り込む形状を採用することが多く、前面カバー２とランプボディ１の溶着面が同一平面上に配置されなくなり、光偏向装置１０から離れた箇所の溶着面ではレーザ光の入射角が大きくなる。そのため、入射角が大きい箇所では押え板１４の表面や前面カバー２の表面におけるレーザ光の反射率が大きくなり、前面カバー２を透過して溶着面に照射されるレーザ光の光量が低下して、いわゆる反射ロスが顕著になる。このような入射角と反射率の関係は、例えば光学分野において既に知られているところであり、入射角が所定角（この所定角はいわゆるブリュースター角に近い角であって素材の屈折率により異なり、屈折率が１．５前後のガラスにおいては４０〜６０°である）を越えたあたりから反射率が急激に増加することが認められている。この反射ロスにより、レーザ光による溶着面での溶着効率が著しく低下し、溶着時間が長くなるとともに高い品質の溶着が得られ難いという問題が生じている。特に、前記したような回り込む形状を採用した車両用ランプの回り込み部を有するランプハウジングでは、この回り込み部におけるレーザ光の入射角が所定角を越えることが多く、反射ロスも顕著なものになっている。   In the welding apparatus using such an optical deflecting device 10, the laser beam L is deflected and controlled to be irradiated on the welding surface by the optical deflecting device 10 fixed to the position of the welding device. The incident angle of the laser beam L with respect to the welding surface is changed by the difference in the relative position of the welding surface. That is, in recent years, a lamp for a vehicle often employs a shape that wraps around to the side of the vehicle depending on design needs, and the welding surface of the front cover 2 and the lamp body 1 is not arranged on the same plane, and is separated from the light deflector 10 The incident angle of the laser beam becomes large on the welding surface at the location. For this reason, the reflectance of the laser beam on the surface of the holding plate 14 and the surface of the front cover 2 increases at a location where the incident angle is large, and the amount of laser light transmitted through the front cover 2 and irradiated on the welding surface decreases. So-called reflection loss becomes remarkable. Such a relationship between the incident angle and the reflectance is already known, for example, in the optical field, and the incident angle is a predetermined angle (this predetermined angle is an angle close to a so-called Brewster angle and varies depending on the refractive index of the material. It is recognized that the reflectivity increases abruptly when the refractive index exceeds about 40 to 60 ° in a glass having a refractive index of about 1.5. Due to this reflection loss, there is a problem that the welding efficiency on the welding surface by the laser beam is remarkably lowered, the welding time becomes long and high quality welding is difficult to obtain. In particular, in a lamp housing having a wraparound portion of a vehicle lamp that adopts the wraparound shape as described above, the incident angle of the laser beam at the wraparound portion often exceeds a predetermined angle, and the reflection loss becomes significant. Yes.

本発明の目的は偏向制御した照射光の部材表面における反射ロスを低減し、溶着効率の高い溶着を実現することを可能にした溶着方法と溶着装置を提供するものである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a welding method and a welding apparatus capable of reducing a reflection loss on the surface of a member of deflection-controlled irradiation light and realizing welding with high welding efficiency.

本発明の溶着方法は、第１の部材に光透過性のある第２の部材を密着させ、光偏向装置によって偏向制御された光を第２の部材側から照射して密着した面において両部材を溶着する溶着方法であって、第２の部材の光照射面側の少なくとも一部の領域に配設した光反射手段によって光偏向装置から出射された光を反射し、その反射光を第２の部材の光照射面に照射することを特徴とする。この溶着方法においては、第２の部材の光照射面上に透光部材を重ね、光偏向装置からの光を当該透光部材に設けた光反射手段において反射して光照射面に照射し、またこれとともに光偏向装置からの光を他の一部の領域において透光部材を透過して光照射面に照射するようにしてもよい。   In the welding method of the present invention, a light-transmissive second member is brought into intimate contact with the first member, and both members are adhered to the surface in which the light deflected and controlled by the light deflecting device is irradiated from the second member side. In which the light emitted from the light deflecting device is reflected by the light reflecting means disposed in at least a partial region on the light irradiation surface side of the second member, and the reflected light is secondly reflected. The light irradiation surface of the member is irradiated. In this welding method, a light transmissive member is stacked on the light irradiation surface of the second member, the light from the light deflecting device is reflected by the light reflecting means provided on the light transmissive member, and the light irradiation surface is irradiated. At the same time, the light from the light deflecting device may pass through the translucent member in the other part of the region and irradiate the light irradiation surface.

本発明の溶着装置は、第１の部材と光透過性のある第２の部材を密着状態に保持する手段と、光源から出射した光を偏向制御して第２の部材側から前記密着した面に照射する光偏向手段を備える溶着装置であって、第２の部材の光照射面側の少なくとも一部の領域に配設され、光偏向装置からの光を反射して当該光照射面に照射する光反射手段を備えることを特徴とする。   The welding apparatus according to the present invention includes a means for holding the first member and the second member having optical transparency in close contact with each other, and the surface in close contact with the second member by controlling deflection of light emitted from the light source. A welding device including a light deflecting means for irradiating the light beam to the light irradiation surface side of the second member, and reflects the light from the light deflection device to irradiate the light irradiation surface. It is characterized by comprising light reflecting means.

この溶着装置においては、第２の部材の光照射面に重なるように配置され、光偏向手段から入射される光を透過して第２の部材の光照射面に照射する透光部材を備える構成としてもよい。この場合、光反射手段は透光部材の一部に設けた光反射面として構成することができる。また、透光部材は入射される光の入射角を低減する光学ステップを一部に備えていてもよい。さらに、透光部材は第２の部材を第１の部材に密着させるための押え手段として構成することが好ましい。   The welding apparatus includes a light-transmitting member that is disposed so as to overlap the light irradiation surface of the second member and that transmits the light incident from the light deflection unit and irradiates the light irradiation surface of the second member. It is good. In this case, the light reflecting means can be configured as a light reflecting surface provided on a part of the translucent member. The translucent member may include an optical step for reducing the incident angle of incident light. Furthermore, it is preferable that the translucent member is configured as a pressing unit for bringing the second member into close contact with the first member.

本発明の溶着方法および溶着装置によれば、溶着面に照射される光が第２の部材の光照射面に入射される入射角が大きくなる状況においても、当該光を光反射手段によって反射して第２の部材に入射させるので、第２の部材の光照射面に対して小さな入射角、例えば入射角０°で照射することが可能になり、当該第２の部材の光照射面に照射される際の反射ロスが低減されて溶着効率の高い溶着が可能になる。また、光照射面に入射される光の入射角が小さい場合でも透光部材に設けた光学ステップを利用することで、当該入射角がさらに低減され、第２の部材の光照射面に照射される際の反射ロスが一層低減されて溶着効率の高い溶着が可能になる。   According to the welding method and the welding apparatus of the present invention, the light reflected by the light reflecting means is reflected even in a situation where the incident angle at which the light irradiated on the welding surface is incident on the light irradiation surface of the second member increases. Therefore, the light irradiation surface of the second member can be irradiated at a small incident angle, for example, an incident angle of 0 °, and the light irradiation surface of the second member is irradiated. The reflection loss at the time of being performed is reduced, and welding with high welding efficiency becomes possible. Further, even when the incident angle of light incident on the light irradiation surface is small, the incident angle is further reduced by using the optical step provided on the light transmitting member, and the light irradiation surface of the second member is irradiated. The reflection loss at the time of welding is further reduced, and welding with high welding efficiency becomes possible.

また、本発明の溶着装置では、光反射手段を透光部材の一部に構成することで、光反射手段と透光部材とを１つの部材として構成でき、さらには光学ステップを含めて１つの部材として構成でき、溶着装置の構成を簡略化する上で有利になる。特に、透光部材を溶着装置の押え板として構成することで、既存の押え板を利用して本発明が実現でき、さらなる溶着装置の構成の簡略化が実現できる。   In the welding apparatus of the present invention, the light reflecting means and the light transmitting member can be configured as one member by configuring the light reflecting means as a part of the light transmitting member, and further including one optical step. It can be configured as a member, which is advantageous in simplifying the configuration of the welding apparatus. In particular, by configuring the translucent member as a presser plate of the welding device, the present invention can be realized by using an existing presser plate, and the configuration of the welding device can be further simplified.

本発明を適用するランプハウジングの一例の斜視図。The perspective view of an example of the lamp housing to which this invention is applied. 溶着装置の全体構成を示す概念構成図。The conceptual block diagram which shows the whole structure of a welding apparatus. 押え板の概略斜視図と平面図。The schematic perspective view and top view of a holding plate. 図３（ｂ）のａ−ａ，ｂ−ｂにおける拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view in aa and bb of FIG.3 (b). 光反射手段の変形例の断面図。Sectional drawing of the modification of a light reflection means.

次に、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。本実施形態では、図２に示したように、レーザ光を光偏向装置１０によって偏向制御して被加工物としての車両用ランプ、ここではリアコンビネーションランプで例示するランプのランプボディ１と前面カバー２を溶着する例を説明する。溶着装置の光偏向装置１０はレーザ光源１１を備えており、このレーザ光源１１から出射されたレーザ光はガルバノミラー等の光偏向手段１２により偏向制御され、任意の平面方向に高速で走査されながら照射されるようになっている。なお、ガルバノミラーについては既に知られているのでここでは説明は省略する。前記溶着装置のワーク台１３上には溶着が行われるランプボディ１が前面開口を上方に向けて固定されており、このランプボディ１上には当該ランプボディ１に溶着される前面カバー２が載置されている。前記ランプボディ１が本発明の第１の部材となり、前記前面カバー２が本発明の第２の部材となる。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the lamp body 1 and the front cover of a lamp exemplified by a vehicle lamp, here a rear combination lamp, are controlled by deflecting laser light by a light deflecting device 10. An example of welding 2 will be described. The light deflecting device 10 of the welding apparatus includes a laser light source 11, and the laser light emitted from the laser light source 11 is controlled to be deflected by light deflecting means 12 such as a galvano mirror, and is scanned at high speed in an arbitrary plane direction. Irradiated. Since the galvanometer mirror is already known, the description is omitted here. A lamp body 1 to be welded is fixed on a work table 13 of the welding apparatus with a front opening facing upward, and a front cover 2 to be welded to the lamp body 1 is mounted on the lamp body 1. Is placed. The lamp body 1 serves as a first member of the present invention, and the front cover 2 serves as a second member of the present invention.

前記ランプボディ１は、図１を参照すると、少なくとも溶着面となるフランジ３の表面部位は光吸収性があってレーザ光によって加熱溶融される樹脂で構成されている。例えばカーボン等の光吸収性のある材料を含んだ樹脂で構成されることが好ましい。前記前面カバー２は光を透過する透明樹脂で構成されているが、加熱されたときに照射された光によって溶融可能な樹脂で構成される。そして、前記ランプボディ１のフランジ３の前面に前記前面カバー２の周縁部４の内面が位置決めされ、その上に配設した押え板１４によって前面カバー２をランプボディ１に対して押圧することで、これらフランジ３の前面と前面カバー４の内面が密接されることになる。   Referring to FIG. 1, the lamp body 1 is made of a resin that has at least a surface area of the flange 3 that serves as a welding surface and is heat-melted by laser light. For example, it is preferably made of a resin containing a light-absorbing material such as carbon. The front cover 2 is made of a transparent resin that transmits light, but is made of a resin that can be melted by light irradiated when heated. Then, the inner surface of the peripheral edge 4 of the front cover 2 is positioned on the front surface of the flange 3 of the lamp body 1, and the front cover 2 is pressed against the lamp body 1 by the presser plate 14 disposed thereon. The front surface of the flange 3 and the inner surface of the front cover 4 are brought into close contact with each other.

前記押え板１４は、図３（ａ），（ｂ）に概略構成の斜視図と平面図を示すように、全体として前記前面カバー２の前面を覆うように曲面板状に形成されており、図２に示したように前面カバー２上に載置したときに、少なくとも前面カバー２の周縁部４とランプボディ１のフランジ３が重ねられている領域を覆うように構成されている。この押え板１４のほぼ中央部には図には表れない押圧機構に連結された支持柱１５が一体または一体的に設けられており、この支持柱１５は当該押圧機構を動作させたときに押え板１４が前面カバー２をランプボディ１に向けて押圧し、前記したランプボディ１のフランジ３と前面カバー２の周縁部４との密着性を確保するようになっている。   The holding plate 14 is formed in a curved plate shape so as to cover the front surface of the front cover 2 as a whole, as shown in a perspective view and a plan view of a schematic configuration in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2, when placed on the front cover 2, at least a region where the peripheral edge 4 of the front cover 2 and the flange 3 of the lamp body 1 are overlapped is covered. A support column 15 connected to a pressing mechanism (not shown in the figure) is integrally or integrally provided at a substantially central portion of the pressing plate 14, and this supporting column 15 is pressed when the pressing mechanism is operated. The plate 14 presses the front cover 2 toward the lamp body 1 to secure the adhesion between the flange 3 of the lamp body 1 and the peripheral edge 4 of the front cover 2.

前記押え板１４は溶着に用いるレーザ光の光透過性が高く光吸収性の低い透明な材料、例えばアクリル樹脂、ＰＣ（ポリカーボネイト）樹脂、ガラス（石英ガラス等）で形成されており、全面にわたってほぼ均一な厚みに形成された主面部１４１を有するとともに、この主面部１４１の外周縁に沿って延長され、当該外周縁を厚み方向に立設させた立壁部１４２が一体に設けられている。また、前記押え板１４の外周縁領域のうち、後述する特定領域Ｓ１の立壁部１４２の内周面には光反射膜１４３が形成されており、当該内周面が光反射面として構成されている。一方、この光反射膜１４３が形成されていない前記特定領域Ｓ１を除く領域、すなわち特定外領域Ｓ２では前記立壁部１４２の内周面に光反射膜は形成されていないが、前記主面部１４１の縁部に沿った領域に表面を断面がテーパ状となるように形成した光学ステップ１４４、すなわち入射角調整ステップが設けられている。ここで、前記特定領域Ｓ１は、前記光偏向装置１０から出射されたレーザ光Ｌが前記押え板１４の主面部１４１の表面に入射されるときの入射角が所定の角度以上、ここでは４０°以上になる領域としている。また、特定外領域Ｓ２は入射角が所定の角度よりも小さくなる角度、すなわち４０°よりも小さくなる領域としている。   The pressing plate 14 is formed of a transparent material having a high light transmittance of laser light used for welding and a low light absorption property, such as acrylic resin, PC (polycarbonate) resin, glass (quartz glass, etc.), and almost the entire surface. A main wall portion 141 having a uniform thickness is provided, and a standing wall portion 142 extending along the outer peripheral edge of the main surface portion 141 and extending in the thickness direction is integrally provided. In addition, a light reflecting film 143 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the standing wall portion 142 of the specific region S1 described later in the outer peripheral region of the pressing plate 14, and the inner peripheral surface is configured as a light reflecting surface. Yes. On the other hand, in the region excluding the specific region S1 where the light reflecting film 143 is not formed, that is, the specific outside region S2, the light reflecting film is not formed on the inner peripheral surface of the standing wall portion 142. An optical step 144 in which the surface is formed in a tapered shape in a region along the edge, that is, an incident angle adjusting step is provided. Here, in the specific region S1, the incident angle when the laser light L emitted from the light deflecting device 10 is incident on the surface of the main surface portion 141 of the pressing plate 14 is not less than a predetermined angle, in this case, 40 °. This is the area that becomes the above. Further, the non-specific region S2 is an angle where the incident angle is smaller than a predetermined angle, that is, a region smaller than 40 °.

図４（ａ），（ｂ）は前記押え板のａ，ｂの各部位、すなわち図３（ｂ）におけるａ−ａ線、ｂ−ｂ線に沿った拡大断面図である。なお、これらの断面図では説明を分かり易くするために押え板１４を前面カバー２の周縁部４とランプボディ１のフランジ３上に載置した状態を示している。ａ部位は図１に示したランプの回り込み部に相当する部位であって前記光偏向装置１０から離れた位置にあり、前記特定領域Ｓ１を代表する部位である。このａ部位を含む特定領域Ｓ１においては入射される光の入射角は４０°以上であり、前記立壁部１４２の内周面にアルミニウムや金の蒸着処理やメッキ処理を施して入射光をほぼ１００％の反射率で反射する光反射膜１４３が形成され、光反射面として構成されている。一方、ｂ部位はランプのほぼ正面に向けられる部位であって前記光偏向装置１０に近い位置にあり、前記特定外領域Ｓ２を代表する部位である。このｂ部位を含む特定外領域Ｓ２においては入射される光の入射角は４０°より小さく、立壁部１４２の内周面には光反射膜は形成されておらず、その代わりに主面部１４１の表面に前記した入射角調整ステップ１４４が形成されている。   4 (a) and 4 (b) are enlarged sectional views taken along lines aa and b of the presser plate, that is, along the lines aa and bb in FIG. 3 (b). These sectional views show a state in which the presser plate 14 is placed on the peripheral edge 4 of the front cover 2 and the flange 3 of the lamp body 1 for easy understanding. The part a is a part corresponding to the wraparound portion of the lamp shown in FIG. 1, is located away from the light deflecting device 10, and is a part representative of the specific region S1. In the specific region S1 including the part a, the incident angle of incident light is 40 ° or more, and the inner peripheral surface of the standing wall 142 is subjected to vapor deposition treatment or plating treatment of aluminum or gold, and the incident light is almost 100%. A light reflecting film 143 that reflects with a reflectance of% is formed, and is configured as a light reflecting surface. On the other hand, the part b is a part that is directed almost to the front of the lamp, is near the light deflecting device 10, and is a part that represents the non-specific region S2. In the specific outside region S2 including the b portion, the incident angle of the incident light is smaller than 40 °, and no light reflecting film is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the standing wall portion 142. Instead, the main surface portion 141 The incident angle adjusting step 144 is formed on the surface.

前記ａ部位について詳細に説明すると、図４（ａ）において、前記光偏向装置１０から入射されるレーザ光Ｌの光軸が立壁部１４２の光反射面（光反射膜、以下同様）１４３に投射する点ｐを定め、この点ｐから主面部１４１のレーザ光の光照射面、すなわち前面カバー２とランプボディ１を溶着する溶着部Ｒに対応する主面部１４１の表面に対して垂直な線分ｌ１を求め、この線分ｌ１と前記レーザ光Ｌとのなす角度θを求める。そして、前記立壁部１４２の点ｐを通る光反射面１４３に垂直な線分ｌ２が当該角度θを二等分する方向に向けられるように立壁部１４２の内周面の面角度、すなわち光反射面１４３の面角度を設計する。換言すれば、内周面がこの面角度となるように立壁部１４２を形成する。   The portion a will be described in detail. In FIG. 4A, the optical axis of the laser light L incident from the light deflecting device 10 is projected onto the light reflecting surface (light reflecting film, the same applies hereinafter) 143 of the standing wall 142. A point p is determined, and a line segment perpendicular to the surface of the main surface portion 141 corresponding to the laser light irradiation surface of the main surface portion 141, that is, the welding portion R that welds the front cover 2 and the lamp body 1 is determined from this point p. l1 is obtained, and an angle θ formed by the line segment l1 and the laser beam L is obtained. Then, the surface angle of the inner peripheral surface of the standing wall 142, that is, the light reflection, is such that the line segment l2 perpendicular to the light reflecting surface 143 passing through the point p of the standing wall 142 is directed in a direction bisecting the angle θ. The surface angle of the surface 143 is designed. In other words, the standing wall 142 is formed so that the inner peripheral surface has this surface angle.

したがって、ａ部位では、光偏向装置１０から出射されたレーザ光Ｌは立壁部１４２の光反射面１４３において反射されるが、その反射光は主面部１４１の光照射面に垂直に入射されて溶着部Ｒに照射されることになる。すなわち、主面部１４１の光照射面に対して入射角が０°ないしほぼ０°で入射されるため、主面部１４１の当該光照射面での光の反射率を低くして反射ロスを低減し、押え板１４におけるレーザ光Ｌの透過性を高めることが可能になる。このことは前面カバー２における光照射面についても言えるので、前面カバー２におけるレーザ光Ｌの透過性を高めることも可能になる。   Therefore, in the part a, the laser light L emitted from the light deflecting device 10 is reflected by the light reflecting surface 143 of the standing wall 142, but the reflected light is perpendicularly incident on the light irradiation surface of the main surface 141 and welded. The portion R is irradiated. That is, since the incident angle is 0 ° to almost 0 ° with respect to the light irradiation surface of the main surface portion 141, the reflectance of light on the light irradiation surface of the main surface portion 141 is lowered to reduce the reflection loss. Thus, it is possible to increase the transmittance of the laser light L in the presser plate 14. This also applies to the light irradiation surface of the front cover 2, so that it is possible to increase the transmittance of the laser light L in the front cover 2.

一方、ｂ部位について説明するが、このｂ部位の構成は本出願人が先に提案している特願２０１１−６１９８１の技術を適用したものである。図４（ｂ）に示すように、入射角調整ステップ１４４は押え板１４の主面部１４１の表面一部、すなわちレーザ光Ｌが照射される光照射面の一部を凹設して板厚方向に傾斜させたテーパ部として構成している。この入射角調整ステップ１４４の表面は押え板１４の外面よりも前記光偏向装置１０に向けた方向に傾斜されており、この傾斜により入射角調整ステップ１４１は光偏向装置１０からのレーザ光Ｌが主面部１４１の平坦な表面に入射する際の入射角θ０に対し光照射面としての入射角調整ステップ１４１の表面に入射する入射角θ１を小さくする。また、入射されたレーザ光Ｌは当該入射角調整ステップ１４４において屈折されるため、下側の前面カバー２の光照射面に入射するレーザ光Ｌの入射角θ２をさらに小さくすることができる。したがって、押え板１４および前面カバー２におけるレーザ光Ｌの透過性を高めることが可能になる。   On the other hand, the part b will be described. The structure of the part b applies the technique of Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-61981 previously proposed by the present applicant. As shown in FIG. 4B, in the incident angle adjustment step 144, a part of the surface of the main surface part 141 of the presser plate 14, that is, a part of the light irradiation surface irradiated with the laser light L is provided in the thickness direction. It is constituted as a taper part inclined in the direction. The surface of the incident angle adjusting step 144 is inclined in the direction toward the light deflecting device 10 from the outer surface of the presser plate 14. Due to this inclination, the incident angle adjusting step 141 causes the laser light L from the light deflecting device 10 to be emitted. The incident angle θ1 incident on the surface of the incident angle adjusting step 141 as the light irradiation surface is made smaller than the incident angle θ0 when entering the flat surface of the main surface portion 141. Further, since the incident laser light L is refracted in the incident angle adjusting step 144, the incident angle θ2 of the laser light L incident on the light irradiation surface of the lower front cover 2 can be further reduced. Therefore, it is possible to increase the transmittance of the laser light L in the presser plate 14 and the front cover 2.

以上のようにａ，ｂの各部位で代表される特定領域Ｓ１と特定外領域Ｓ２を備えた押え板１４を用いてランプボディ１と前面カバー２の溶着を行う際には、これまでと同様に図２に示した溶着装置のワーク台１３上にランプボディ１を配設し、その上に前面カバー２を載置し、前面カバー２の上側に配設した押え板１４で前面カバー２を押圧してランプボディ１に密接させる。このとき、押え板１４の主面部１４１の周縁領域が前面カバー２とランプボディ１の溶着面Ｒに対向するように位置決めされることは言うまでもない。そして、光偏向装置１０を駆動してレーザ光源１１からのレーザ光をガルバノミラー１２で偏向させる。これにより光偏向装置１０から出射されるレーザ光Ｌは押え板１４の周縁領域に沿って走査され、押え板１４を透過して前面カバー２の表面に照射され、かつ当該前面カバー２を透過してランプボディ１との溶着面Ｒに照射され、溶着が行われる。   As described above, when the lamp body 1 and the front cover 2 are welded using the presser plate 14 having the specific area S1 represented by the respective parts a and b and the non-specific area S2, the same as before. The lamp body 1 is disposed on the work base 13 of the welding apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the front cover 2 is placed thereon, and the front cover 2 is attached by the presser plate 14 disposed on the upper side of the front cover 2. Press to bring it into close contact with the lamp body 1. At this time, it goes without saying that the peripheral area of the main surface portion 141 of the pressing plate 14 is positioned so as to face the front cover 2 and the welding surface R of the lamp body 1. Then, the optical deflector 10 is driven to deflect the laser light from the laser light source 11 by the galvanometer mirror 12. As a result, the laser light L emitted from the light deflecting device 10 is scanned along the peripheral region of the presser plate 14, passes through the presser plate 14, is irradiated on the surface of the front cover 2, and passes through the front cover 2. Then, the welding surface R with the lamp body 1 is irradiated and welding is performed.

このとき、押え板１４の特定領域Ｓ１、すなわちａ部位で代表される領域では、図４（ａ）に示したように、光偏向装置１０からのレーザ光Ｌは立壁部１４２の光反射面１４３に入射され、ここで反射されて主面部１４１の表面にほぼ垂直に入射される。そのため、光偏向装置１０から出射されるレーザ光Ｌが４０°以上の入射角で入射されることが余儀なくされている特定領域Ｓ１においても、主面部１４１ないし前面カバー２への入射角は０°に近い角度とされ、主面部１４１の表面での光反射率はもとより前面カバー２の表面での光反射率も低減される。これにより特定領域Ｓ１におけるランプボディ１と前面カバー２との溶着面Ｒに達するレーザ光Ｌの光エネルギを高めて溶着効率を高め、溶着時間の短縮及び溶着品質の向上が実現できる。   At this time, in the specific region S1 of the holding plate 14, that is, the region represented by the portion a, the laser light L from the light deflecting device 10 is reflected by the light reflecting surface 143 of the standing wall 142 as shown in FIG. And is reflected here and incident on the surface of the main surface portion 141 substantially perpendicularly. Therefore, even in the specific region S1 in which the laser light L emitted from the light deflecting device 10 is necessarily incident at an incident angle of 40 ° or more, the incident angle to the main surface portion 141 or the front cover 2 is 0 °. The light reflectivity at the surface of the front cover 2 as well as the light reflectivity at the surface of the main surface portion 141 is reduced. Thereby, the light energy of the laser beam L reaching the welding surface R between the lamp body 1 and the front cover 2 in the specific region S1 is increased to improve the welding efficiency, and the welding time can be shortened and the welding quality can be improved.

また特定外領域Ｓ２、すなわちｂ部位で代表される領域では、図４（ｂ）に示したように、入射角調整ステップ１４１の入射面は光偏向装置１０に向けて傾斜されているので、当該入射角調整ステップ１４１に入射されるレーザ光Ｌの入射角θ１は入射角調整ステップ１４１が形成されていない場合の入射角θ０よりも小さくなる。さらにこの入射角調整ステップ１４１はテーパ断面形状をしているので、入射角調整ステップ１４１で屈折されて前面カバー２の表面に入射される入射角θ２はさらに小さくなる。特に、この特定外領域Ｓ２では主面部１４１の表面に入射するレーザ光Ｌの入射角は４０°よりも小さいので、この入射角はさらに小さくなり、光反射率を格段に低減して反射ロスを低減し、押え板１４と前面カバー２におけるレーザ光Ｌの透過性を高めることが可能になる。これによりランプボディ１と前面カバー２との溶着面Ｒに達するレーザ光Ｌの光エネルギを高めて溶着効率を高め、溶着時間の短縮及び溶着品質の向上が実現できる。   In addition, in the specific outside region S2, that is, the region represented by the part b, as shown in FIG. 4B, the incident surface of the incident angle adjusting step 141 is inclined toward the optical deflecting device 10, The incident angle θ1 of the laser light L incident on the incident angle adjusting step 141 is smaller than the incident angle θ0 when the incident angle adjusting step 141 is not formed. Further, since the incident angle adjusting step 141 has a tapered cross-sectional shape, the incident angle θ2 refracted by the incident angle adjusting step 141 and incident on the surface of the front cover 2 is further reduced. In particular, since the incident angle of the laser light L incident on the surface of the main surface portion 141 is smaller than 40 ° in the non-specific region S2, this incident angle is further reduced, and the light reflectance is remarkably reduced to reduce the reflection loss. It becomes possible to improve the transparency of the laser beam L in the presser plate 14 and the front cover 2. Thereby, the light energy of the laser beam L reaching the welding surface R between the lamp body 1 and the front cover 2 is increased to increase the welding efficiency, and the welding time can be shortened and the welding quality can be improved.

以上の説明はａ部位とｂ部位における溶着、すなわち特定領域Ｓ１と特定外領域Ｓ２における溶着を分けて説明しているが、実際は光偏向装置１０から出射されてくるレーザ光Ｌは押え板１４の周縁領域に沿って走査されながら各領域に入射されるので、特定領域Ｓ１ではレーザ光Ｌが立壁部１４２の光反射面１４３に入射されるように、また特定外領域Ｓ２ｂではレーザ光Ｌが入射角調整ステップ１４４に入射されるように光偏向装置１０における光走査を制御することになる。このための制御は、例えば押え板１４を設計する際に特定領域Ｓ１と特定外領域Ｓ２を区画する際に求めたデータを光偏向装置１０における光走査データに援用することにより容易に実現することが可能である。   In the above description, the welding at the part a and the part b, that is, the welding at the specific area S1 and the non-specific area S2, is described separately. In practice, the laser light L emitted from the light deflecting device 10 Since the light is incident on each region while being scanned along the peripheral region, the laser light L is incident on the light reflecting surface 143 of the standing wall 142 in the specific region S1, and the laser light L is incident on the specific outer region S2b. The optical scanning in the optical deflecting device 10 is controlled so as to enter the angle adjusting step 144. Control for this purpose can be easily realized by, for example, using data obtained when partitioning the specific area S1 and the non-specific area S2 when designing the presser plate 14 in the optical scanning data in the optical deflector 10. Is possible.

この実施形態では、押え板１４に対するレーザ光の入射角が４０°以上になる特定領域Ｓ１について光反射面１４３を形成しているが、入射角が４０°よりも小さい特定外領域Ｓ２においても、必要に応じて立壁部１４２を設けてその内周面に光反射面１４３を形成し、光偏向装置１０からのレーザ光Ｌを当該光反射面で反射して押え板１４ないし前面カバー２に入射させるようにしてもよい。このようにすることで特定外領域Ｓ２における溶着効率や溶着品質をより高めることが可能である。なお、ここでは光反射率が急激に増加する入射角の最小角度である４０°を境界として特定領域Ｓ１と特定外領域Ｓ２を区別しているが、必ずしも４０°を境界とするものではなく、他の角度、特にこれよりも小さい角度を境界にしてもよい。   In this embodiment, the light reflecting surface 143 is formed for the specific region S1 in which the incident angle of the laser light with respect to the holding plate 14 is 40 ° or more, but also in the specific outside region S2 whose incident angle is smaller than 40 °, A standing wall 142 is provided as necessary to form a light reflecting surface 143 on the inner peripheral surface thereof, and the laser light L from the light deflecting device 10 is reflected by the light reflecting surface and incident on the presser plate 14 or the front cover 2. You may make it make it. By doing in this way, it is possible to improve the welding efficiency and the welding quality in non-specific area | region S2. Here, the specific region S1 and the non-specific region S2 are distinguished from each other with a boundary of 40 ° which is the minimum angle of incidence at which the light reflectivity increases rapidly, but it is not necessarily limited to 40 °. The angle may be a boundary, particularly an angle smaller than this.

また、実施形態では押え板１４の全周縁領域わたって立壁部１４２を設け、この立壁部１４２の特定領域Ｓ１に光反射面１４３を形成しているが、全周縁領域に立壁部を設けるのではなく特定領域Ｓ１にのみ立壁部１４２を設け、この立壁部１４２に光反射面１４３を形成するようにしてもよい。あるいは、押え板の全周縁領域に沿って立壁部を設けて光反射面を形成し、押え板の全周縁領域に反射光を入射させるようにしてもよい。いずれにしても押え板１４の周縁領域に一体に設けた立壁部１４２を利用して光反射面１４３を構成しているので、既存の押え板１４の一部を変更するだけで本発明が実現でき、部品点数の増加やコストの増加を最小限に抑えることができる。   Further, in the embodiment, the standing wall portion 142 is provided over the entire peripheral area of the presser plate 14, and the light reflecting surface 143 is formed in the specific area S1 of the standing wall section 142. However, the standing wall section is not provided in the entire peripheral area. Alternatively, the standing wall 142 may be provided only in the specific region S1, and the light reflecting surface 143 may be formed on the standing wall 142. Alternatively, a standing wall portion may be provided along the entire peripheral area of the press plate to form a light reflecting surface, and the reflected light may be incident on the entire peripheral area of the press plate. In any case, since the light reflecting surface 143 is configured by using the standing wall portion 142 provided integrally in the peripheral region of the presser plate 14, the present invention can be realized only by changing a part of the existing presser plate 14. It is possible to minimize the increase in the number of parts and the cost.

さらに、光反射面１４３は必ずしも押え板に設けた立壁部に形成するものではなく、図５に概略の断面図を示すように、押え板１４とは別体の補助部材１５を用意し、この補助部材１５の内側の側面に光反射膜を形成する等して光反射面１５１を形成してもよい。この補助部材１５は例えば押え板１４に対して着脱自在な構成とし、必要に応じて押え板１４の全周縁領域あるいは全周縁領域の一部領域にのみ取着し、取着した領域において光反射面１５１によってレーザ光を反射させて押え板１４に入射させるようにすればよい。この補助部材１５はレーザ光を反射すればよいので必ずしも透光性部材で形成する必要はない。   Furthermore, the light reflecting surface 143 is not necessarily formed on the standing wall portion provided on the holding plate. As shown in a schematic sectional view in FIG. 5, an auxiliary member 15 separate from the holding plate 14 is prepared. The light reflecting surface 151 may be formed by forming a light reflecting film on the inner side surface of the auxiliary member 15. The auxiliary member 15 is configured to be detachable from the presser plate 14, for example, and is attached only to the entire peripheral region of the presser plate 14 or a partial region of the total peripheral region as necessary, and reflects light in the attached region. The laser beam may be reflected by the surface 151 and incident on the holding plate 14. Since the auxiliary member 15 only needs to reflect the laser beam, it is not always necessary to form the auxiliary member 15 with a translucent member.

実施形態では押え板１４の特定外領域Ｓ２の主面部１４１の表面に入射角調整ステップ１４４を設けているが、この特定外領域Ｓ２はレーザ光Ｌの入射角が小さい領域であると定義しており、この領域はもともと反射率が低い領域とも言えるので、その反射率が無視できる場合には当該入射角調整ステップ１４４を設けなくてもよい。   In the embodiment, the incident angle adjustment step 144 is provided on the surface of the main surface portion 141 of the specific outer region S2 of the presser plate 14, but this specific outer region S2 is defined as a region where the incident angle of the laser light L is small. Since this region can be said to be a region having a low reflectivity, the incident angle adjusting step 144 may not be provided if the reflectivity is negligible.

以上の実施形態では本発明の溶着方法及び溶着装置を、車両のリアコンビネーションランプのランプボディと前面カバーとを溶着する例について説明したが、ランプユニットのリフレクタと前面レンズを溶着するための溶着方法及び溶着装置であってもよく、あるいはランプを構成する部材以外の溶着方法及び溶着装置であってもよい。すなわち、本発明は第１と第２の部材を光照射によって互いに溶着するための溶着方法及び溶着装置であれば適用することが可能である。特に、光偏向装置を備えて溶着部に対してレーザ光が大きな入射角で照射させることが余儀なくされるような溶着装置に対して本発明を適用する場合に有効である。   In the above embodiment, the welding method and the welding apparatus of the present invention have been described with respect to the example in which the lamp body of the rear combination lamp of the vehicle and the front cover are welded. However, the welding method for welding the reflector of the lamp unit and the front lens is described. It may be a welding device, or a welding method and a welding device other than members constituting the lamp. That is, the present invention can be applied to any welding method and welding apparatus for welding the first and second members to each other by light irradiation. In particular, the present invention is effective when the present invention is applied to a welding apparatus that includes an optical deflecting device and that inevitably irradiates the welding portion with laser light at a large incident angle.

本発明において、光偏向装置は実施形態のガルバノミラーを備える光偏向装置に限られるものではなく光を任意の方向に向けて偏向して走査する機能を有するものであれば適用可能である。さらに、本発明は溶着に用いる光はレーザ光に限られるものではなく、照射されたときに第１と第２の部材を溶着することが可能な光エネルギを備える光であれば適用できる。   In the present invention, the optical deflecting device is not limited to the optical deflecting device including the galvanometer mirror of the embodiment, and may be applied as long as it has a function of deflecting and scanning light in an arbitrary direction. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to laser light used for welding, but can be applied as long as it has light energy capable of welding the first and second members when irradiated.

本発明は第１の部材と第２の部材を密接し、第２の部材を透して光を密接した面に照射し、当該密接した面を溶着面として２つの部材を溶着する溶着方法及び溶着装置に採用することが可能である。   The present invention relates to a welding method in which a first member and a second member are brought into close contact with each other, light is irradiated onto a close contact surface through the second member, and the two members are welded using the contacted surface as a weld surface, and It is possible to employ the welding apparatus.

１ ランプボディ（第１の部材）
２ 前面カバー（第２の部材）
３ フランジ（溶着部）
４ 周縁部（溶着部）
１０ 光偏向装置
１１ レーザ光源
１２ 光偏向手段（ガルバノミラー）
１３ ワーク台
１４ 押え板
１５ 補助部材
１４１ 主面部
１４２ 立壁部
１４３ 光反射膜（光反射面：光反射手段）
１４４ 入射角調整ステップ（光学ステップ）
１５１ 光反射膜（光反射面：光反射手段） 1 Lamp body (first member)
2 Front cover (second member)
3 Flange (welded part)
4 Peripheral part (welded part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Optical deflecting device 11 Laser light source 12 Optical deflecting means (galvano mirror)
13 Work table 14 Holding plate 15 Auxiliary member 141 Main surface portion 142 Standing wall portion 143 Light reflecting film (light reflecting surface: light reflecting means)
144 Incident angle adjustment step (optical step)
151 light reflecting film (light reflecting surface: light reflecting means)

Claims (5)

第１の部材に光透過性のある第２の部材を密着させ、光偏向装置によって偏向制御された光を前記第２の部材側から照射して前記密着した面において両部材を溶着する溶着方法であって、前記第２の部材の光照射面側の少なくとも一部の領域に配設した光反射手段によって前記光偏向装置から出射された光を反射し、その反射光を前記第２の部材の光照射面に照射することを特徴とする溶着方法。   A welding method in which a light-transmissive second member is brought into close contact with the first member, light that is deflection-controlled by an optical deflecting device is irradiated from the second member side, and both the members are welded on the tightly contacted surface. The light reflected from the light deflecting device is reflected by light reflecting means disposed in at least a part of the light irradiation surface side of the second member, and the reflected light is reflected on the second member. A welding method characterized by irradiating the light-irradiated surface. 前記第２の部材の光照射面上に透光部材を重ね、前記光偏向装置からの光を前記光反射手段において反射して前記光照射面に照射し、前記光照射面の他の領域において前記透光部材を透過して前記光照射面に照射することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の溶着方法。   A translucent member is stacked on the light irradiation surface of the second member, the light from the light deflecting device is reflected by the light reflecting means and irradiated to the light irradiation surface, and in other regions of the light irradiation surface The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the light irradiation surface is irradiated through the light transmitting member. 第１の部材と光透過性のある第２の部材を密着状態に保持する手段と、光源から出射した光を偏向制御して前記第２の部材側から前記密着した面に照射する光偏向手段を備える溶着装置であって、前記第２の部材の光照射面側の少なくとも一部の領域に配設され、前記光偏向装置からの光を反射して当該光照射面に照射する光反射手段を備えることを特徴とする溶着装置。   Means for holding the first member and a light-transmissive second member in close contact with each other, and light deflecting means for controlling the deflection of the light emitted from the light source and irradiating the close contact surface from the second member side A light reflecting means that is disposed in at least a part of the light irradiation surface side of the second member and reflects light from the light deflection device to irradiate the light irradiation surface A welding apparatus comprising: 前記第２の部材の光照射面に重なるように配置され、前記光偏向手段から入射される光を透過して前記第２の部材の光照射面に照射する透光部材を備えることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の溶着装置。   A light-transmitting member that is disposed so as to overlap the light irradiation surface of the second member and that transmits light incident from the light deflecting unit and irradiates the light irradiation surface of the second member; The welding apparatus according to claim 3. 前記光反射手段は前記透光部材の少なくとも一部の領域に設けた光反射面であることを特徴とする請求項４に記載の溶着装置。
The welding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the light reflecting means is a light reflecting surface provided in at least a part of the translucent member.
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