JP2014059509A - Apparatus and method for photographing stereo image - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereo image photographing apparatus having a simple structure and capable of photographing a high quality stereo image.SOLUTION: A stereo image photographing apparatus 1 for photographing an element image group of an object 14 by an IP system comprises: an objective optical system 11 without overlapping adjacent element images 15a in the element image group 15 and having an effective aperture in which a range wof the element image becomes the maximum; an optical element array 12 in which an optical element 12a such as a convex lens is two-dimensionally arranged; and an imaging element 13 for photographing light from the object 14 passing through the objective optical system 11 and the optical element array 12 as the element image group 15. The objective optical system 11 has an effective aperture Ω represented by formulae (1)-(3).

Description

  The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus and method for capturing an element image group of a subject by an integral photography method.

  Integral Photography (hereinafter referred to as IP) using a convex lens group or pinhole group arranged in a plane as one of the stereoscopic image display methods that allow viewers to freely view stereoscopic images from any viewpoint. The method is known. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, shielding plates have been widely used in IP stereoscopic image capturing devices to prevent light leakage (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

A conventional stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 110 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the stereoscopic image photographing device 110 performs photographing using the IP method, and includes an optical element array 111, an imaging element 112, and a shielding plate 113.
FIG. 7 illustrates a prismatic subject 114A and a cylindrical subject 114B.

The optical element array 111 is an array of optical elements 111a such as convex lenses arranged on the same plane.
The image sensor 112 is an element capable of capturing a moving image, such as a CCD (Charge Coupled Device). In addition, a normal photographic film can be used instead of the image sensor 112.
The shielding plate 113 prevents light from leaking between the optical elements 111 a constituting the optical element array 111.

  The stereoscopic image photographing apparatus 110 photographs the subjects 114A and 114B through the optical element array 111. The light from the subject 114 </ b> A located on the upper side when viewed from the photographing direction 116 is shielded by the shielding plate 113 and does not reach the lower side of the image sensor 112. Similarly, the light from the subject 114B located on the lower side is shielded by the shielding plate 113 and does not reach the upper side of the image sensor 112. Accordingly, an image of the subject 114A is photographed above the image sensor 112, and an image of the subject 114B is photographed below the image sensor 112. As described above, the image sensor 112 captures the same number of element images 115a as the optical elements 111a included in the optical element array 111 (that is, the element image group 115). And since the shielding plate 113 can prevent light from leaking, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 110 can realize high-quality stereoscopic images.

  In FIG. 7, light from the subjects 114A and 114B shielded by the shielding plate 113 is illustrated by broken lines. Further, light that is not shielded by the shielding plate 113 and reaches the image sensor 112 from the subjects 114A and 114B is shown by a solid line.

A conventional stereoscopic image display device 120 will be described with reference to FIG. 8 (see FIG. 7 as appropriate).
As shown in FIG. 8, the stereoscopic image display device 120 performs display by the IP method, and includes an optical element array 121, a display element 122, and a shielding plate 123.
FIG. 8 shows a stereoscopic image 124A corresponding to the subject 114A and a stereoscopic image 124B corresponding to the subject 114B.

The optical element array 121 is an array of optical elements 121a such as convex lenses arranged on the same plane.
The display element 122 displays the element image group 125 photographed by the imaging plate 112 of the stereoscopic image photographing device 110.
The shielding plate 123 prevents light from leaking between the optical elements 121 a constituting the optical element array 121.

  As a result, the stereoscopic image display device 120 displays the stereoscopic images 124A and 124B so that the distance between the stereoscopic images 124A and 124B and the display element 122 is equal to the distance between the subjects 114A and 114B and the imaging element 112 in FIG. Generate. Therefore, when viewed from the observation direction 126, the stereoscopic images 124A and 124B are reverse-view images with the depths reversed.

  Therefore, an invention for solving the above-described problem of reverse vision has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 3). The invention described in Patent Document 3 performs arithmetic processing on the information acquired by the stereoscopic image capturing device 110 in FIG. 7, inputs the information after the arithmetic processing to the stereoscopic image display device 120 in FIG. It generates a 3D image with the correct depth.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 130 including an objective optical system 117 between subjects 114A and 114B and the optical element array 111 has been proposed.
The objective optical system 117 forms real images 118A and 118B of the subjects 114A and 114B in the vicinity of the optical element array 111.
Thereby, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 130 can control the capturing positions of the subjects 114A and 114B in the depth direction.

JP 2002-300599 A JP 2006-53351 A JP 2007-114483 A

  As described above, the conventional stereoscopic image capturing apparatus requires an optical shielding plate, and there is a problem that the configuration is complicated. On the other hand, when a conventional stereoscopic image capturing apparatus does not include a shielding plate, light leaks between optical elements, and high-quality stereoscopic images cannot be realized.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to provide a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus and method that can capture a high-quality stereoscopic image with a simple configuration.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus according to the first invention of the present application is a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus that captures a group of elemental images of an object by an integral photography method, and a plurality of optical elements are two-dimensional. , An objective optical system arranged between the subject and the optical element array, and a photographing means, and the objective optical system has an effective aperture Ω and an element image range w _c. And a formula (1) including a preset pitch p _c of the optical element, a distance z ₂ from the objective optical system to the optical element array, and a distance d _c from the preset optical element array to the photographing means. ) And formula (2).

  According to such a configuration, since the objective optical system has an effective aperture Ω, the stereoscopic image photographing apparatus can maximize the range of the element image without overlapping adjacent element images in the element image group. Therefore, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus does not include a shielding plate, and the image from the subject that has passed through the objective optical system and the optical element array is not leaked between the optical elements by the photographing unit. Can be taken as.

The stereoscopic image photographing apparatus according to the second invention of the present application is further characterized by further comprising a diaphragm mechanism that shields the objective optical system so that the aperture of the objective optical system is equal to the effective aperture Ω.
According to this configuration, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus can manually adjust the effective aperture Ω of the objective optical system according to the distance z ₁ from the objective optical system to the subject.

In addition, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus according to the third invention of the present application includes an encoder for measuring a focal length of the objective optical system, a distance measuring unit for measuring a distance from the objective optical system to the subject, provided in the objective optical system, Based on the focal length measured by the encoder and the distance measured by the distance measuring means, the distance z ₂ from the objective optical system to the optical element array is calculated, and the effective aperture Ω is calculated by the equations (1) and (2). And aperture control means for controlling the aperture mechanism so that the aperture of the objective optical system becomes equal to the calculated effective aperture Ω.
According to such a configuration, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus can control the effective aperture Ω of the objective optical system according to the focal length of the objective optical system and the distance from the objective optical system to the subject.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a stereoscopic image capturing method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is a stereoscopic image capturing method in the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, wherein a setting step, an input step, A range calculating step, an effective aperture calculating step, an aperture control step, and an imaging step are provided in this order.

According to this method, three-dimensional imaging method, in the setting step, aperture control means, and the distance d _c from the optical element array to the photographing means, and the pitch p _c of the optical element is set in advance. In the stereoscopic image capturing method, in the input step, the aperture control unit inputs the distance from the objective optical system to the subject and the focal length of the objective optical system. Then, the three-dimensional image photographing method by the distance-range calculation step, aperture control means, based on the focal length and the objective optical system to the distance to the object, to calculate the distance z ₂ to the optical element array from the objective optical system At the same time, the range w _{c of the} element image represented by the expression (1) is calculated.

Further, the stereoscopic image capturing method is expressed by Expression (2) based on the distance z ₂ calculated in the distance / range calculation step and the element image range w _c in the effective aperture calculation step. Calculate the effective aperture Ω. In the stereoscopic image capturing method, in the aperture control step, the aperture control unit controls the aperture mechanism so that the aperture of the objective optical system is equal to the effective aperture Ω calculated in the effective aperture calculating step.

  At this time, since the objective optical system has an effective aperture Ω, adjacent element images in the element image group do not overlap and the range of the element image can be maximized. Therefore, in the stereoscopic image photographing method, without providing a shielding plate, in the photographing step, the light from the subject that has passed through the objective optical system and the optical element array does not leak between the optical elements, and the element image group. Can be taken as.

According to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
According to the first and fourth inventions of the present application, the objective optical system has an effective aperture that does not overlap the element images and can maximize the range of the element images. Therefore, according to the first and fourth inventions of the present application, light leakage does not occur between optical elements without providing a shielding plate, so that a high-quality three-dimensional image can be taken with a simple configuration.

According to the second invention of the present application, the effective aperture of the objective optical system can be manually adjusted according to the distance from the objective optical system to the subject.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the effective aperture of the objective optical system can be automatically controlled according to the focal length of the objective optical system and the distance from the objective optical system to the subject.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the stereo image imaging device which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. In 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the effective aperture of an objective optical system, and the leak of light. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the stereo image imaging device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the stereo image imaging device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the aperture_diaphragm | restriction control means of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the stereo image imaging device of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the 1st example of the conventional stereo image imaging device. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the conventional stereo image display apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the 2nd example of the conventional stereo image imaging device.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In addition, in each embodiment, the same code | symbol was attached | subjected to the member which has the same function, and description was abbreviate | omitted.

(First embodiment)
With reference to FIG. 1, the structure of the three-dimensional imaging device 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 captures an element image group 15 of a subject 14 (14A, 14B) by an IP method, and includes an objective optical system 11, an optical element array 12, And an imaging device (imaging means) 13.

FIG. 1 illustrates a prismatic subject 14A and a cylindrical subject 14B to be photographed. These subjects 14 (14A, 14B) are arranged at the same distance when viewed from the shooting direction 16.
In FIG. 1, when viewed from the shooting direction 16, (−) indicates the back side, and (+) indicates the near side.

The objective optical system 11 forms, for example, a real image (not shown) of the subject 14 in the vicinity of the optical element array 12. The objective optical system 11 is disposed between the subject 14 and the optical element array 12 so that the distance from the objective optical system 11 to the subject 14 is z ₁ .

For example, the objective optical system 11 is a single convex lens, and the focal length f is constant. Therefore, the distance z ₂ from the objective optical system 11 to the optical element array 12 is constant. As will be described later, the objective optical system 11 has an effective aperture such that adjacent element images 15a in the element image group 15 do not overlap and the element image range w _c is maximized. In this embodiment, the objective optical system 11 has an effective aperture equal to the lens diameter.

Optical element array 12 is obtained by two-dimensionally arrayed optical element 12a at a predetermined pitch p _c. The optical element array 12 is disposed between the objective optical system 11 and the imaging element 13 so as to face each other.
The optical element 12 a is, for example, a convex lens, and generates an image (element image) 15 a of the subject 14 that has entered through the objective optical system 11. Pitch _{p c} of the optical element 12a may take any value. The optical element 12a is, the more pitch p _c is fine, it is possible to finely sample the real image of the object 14 produced by the objective optical system 11.

In Figure 1, the range of the generated element image by the optical element 12a shown and w _c. Actually, the range w _{c of the} element image generated by the optical element 12 a is equivalent to the size of the image of the aperture of the objective optical system 11.

The image sensor 13 captures the light from the subject 14 that has passed through the objective optical system 11 and the optical element array 12 as an element image group 15. That is, the image sensor 13 captures an image (element image) 15 a of the subject 14 generated by each optical element 12 a as the element image group 15.
The image pickup device 13, the distance from the optical element array 12 to the imaging device 13 is such that the d _c, is arranged to face the optical element array 12. The distance _{d c} is, for example, equal to the focal length of the optical element 12a.

  The element image group 15 photographed by the image sensor 13 can be displayed by the stereoscopic image display device 120 of FIG. The element image group 15 can also be displayed by a general stereoscopic image display device that does not include a shielding plate.

<Relationship between effective aperture of objective optical system and light leakage>
With reference to FIG. 2, the relationship between the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 and light leakage will be described.
In FIG. 2, in order to explain light leakage, an objective optical system 11 having an effective aperture Ω (solid line), an objective optical system 11A having an effective aperture ΩA (broken line), and an objective optical system 11B having an effective aperture ΩB. (Dotted line) is shown in the figure.

As shown in FIG. 2, the range w _c of the element image generated by the optical element 12a is expressed by the following formula (1). That is, the range _{w c} of the element image is a value obtained by multiplying the pitch _{p c} to the ratio of the distance from the objective optical system 11 to the image pickup device 13 (the distance _{z 2} + distance _{d c)} and the distance _{z 2.}

Here, in the objective optical system 11, since the effective aperture Ω is appropriate, the light beam indicated by the solid line is equivalent to the element image range w _c . Therefore, in the objective optical system 11, to the extent that the element images 15a do not overlap the range w _c of element images can be maximized. In other words, the objective optical system 11 can generate the element image 15a having a sufficient size for realizing a high-quality stereoscopic image.
In FIG. 2, the element image range w _c is when the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 is Ω.

On the other hand, in the objective optical system 11A, since the effective diameter ΩA large, light indicated by a broken line is incident on the optical element 12a _0, it will exceed the scope w _c of the element image. As for the optical element 12a adjacent to the optical element 12a _0, the same is true. That is, in the objective optical system 11A, the element images 15a overlap, and the quality of the stereoscopic image deteriorates.

Further, in the objective optical system 11B, since the effective diameter ΩB small, light indicated by a one-dot chain line is incident on the optical element 12a _0, narrower than the range w _c of the element image. As for the optical element 12a adjacent to the optical element 12a _0, the same is true. That is, in the objective optical system 11B, the element image 15a becomes small, and the quality of the stereoscopic image deteriorates.

Here, the effective aperture Ω of the objective optical system 11 can be expressed by the following formula (2). In other words, the effective aperture Ω is a value obtained by multiplying the distance z ₂ to the ratio of the range w _c and the distance d _c of the element image.

For example, in the IP method, a real image of the subject 14 by the objective optical system 11 is often generated near the optical element array 12. Accordingly, the distance z ₂ is determined according to the distance z ₁ and the focal length f of the objective optical system 11. Specifically, the distance z ₂ is a ratio between the product of the distance z ₁ and the focal distance f and a value obtained by adding the focal distance f and the distance z ₁ as in the following expression (3).

  As described above, in the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the objective optical system 11 has the effective aperture Ω represented by the expressions (1) to (3). Accordingly, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 can capture a high-quality stereoscopic image with a simple configuration without causing light leakage between the optical elements 12a without including a shielding plate.

(Second Embodiment)
With reference to FIG. 3, a difference from the first embodiment will be described regarding a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 </ b> B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the stereoscopic image photographing apparatus 1B is different from the first embodiment in that the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 can be manually adjusted.

The diaphragm mechanism 20 shields the objective optical system 11 so that the aperture of the objective optical system 11 is equal to the effective aperture Ω, and includes diaphragm blades 21.
The diaphragm blades 21 are a plurality of plates that shield the front lens surface of the objective optical system 11. That is, the diaphragm 21 protrudes toward the optical axis side of the objective optical system 11 so that the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 is reduced. On the other hand, when the aperture blade 21 is retracted toward the periphery of the objective optical system 11, the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 is increased.
In FIG. 3, the diaphragm mechanism 20 is illustrated in two places at the top and bottom, but these diaphragm mechanisms 20 are the same mechanism disposed at the periphery of the objective optical system 11.

In the present embodiment, the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 is manually adjusted.
For example, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 </ b> B includes a lens barrel (not shown) that holds the objective optical system 11 and the diaphragm mechanism 20. Further, the effective aperture for each distance z ₁ is calculated in advance using the above-described formulas (1) to (3), and this distance z ₁ is carved into the aperture ring (not shown) of the lens barrel. deep. In the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1B, the photographer rotates the aperture ring according to the distance from the subject 14A to be actually photographed to the objective optical system 11, so that the effective aperture Ω of the objective optical system 11 is obtained. Thus, the diaphragm blade 21 is driven.

As described above, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention can adjust the effective aperture Ω of the objective optical system 11 according to the distance z ₁ from the subject 14 to the objective optical system 11. it can. Therefore, in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1B can easily perform capturing even when the position of the subject 14 changes.

(Third embodiment)
[Configuration of stereoscopic image capturing apparatus]
With reference to FIG. 4, a difference from the second embodiment will be described regarding a stereoscopic image capturing device 1 </ b> C according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The stereoscopic image photographing apparatus 1C is different from the second embodiment in that the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 can be automatically controlled.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 </ b> C includes an optical element array 12, an imaging element 13, and an objective optical system 17.
The objective optical system 17 is an optical system having a variable focal length f like a zoom lens. The objective optical system 17 includes an encoder 17A (FIG. 5) that measures the focal length f, and outputs the focal length f measured by the encoder 17A to the aperture control means 40.

Here, since the objective optical system 17 is composed of a plurality of lenses, the optical principal point of the objective optical system 17 is a reference for the distance z ₁ and the distance z ₂ .
In addition, there are various combinations of lens types and number of zoom lenses. Any of various zoom lenses can be applied to the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1C as long as the effective aperture satisfies the expressions (1) to (3).

The aperture mechanism 20 includes aperture blades 21 and aperture drive means 22.
The aperture driving means 22 drives the aperture blades 21 based on a control signal input from the aperture control means 40. For example, the aperture driving means 22 is a motor that drives the aperture blade 21 so that the aperture blade 21 protrudes toward the optical axis side of the objective optical system 11 or retracts toward the peripheral side.

The distance measuring means 30 measures the distance z ₁ from the subject 14 to the objective optical system 17. For example, the distance measuring means 30 is a distance sensor using a laser or infrared rays, or a distance measuring device using a stereo camera. Then, the distance measuring unit 30 outputs the measured distance z ₁ to the aperture control unit 40.

  The aperture control means 40 controls the aperture mechanism 20, and as shown in FIG. 5, parameter setting means 41, distance input means 42, lens information input means 43, effective aperture calculation means 44, and control. And a signal output means 45.

The parameter setting means 41, the photographer is, the distance d _c, is to set the parameters such as the pitch p _c.
The distance input means 42 receives the distance z ₁ measured by the distance measurement means 30.
The lens information input unit 43 receives the focal length f from the encoder 17A as lens information.

Effective aperture calculating means 44, the parameter (the distance _{d c} and a pitch _{p c),} the distance _{z 1,} based on the lens information (the focal length f), the effective aperture Ω by the formula (1) to (3) Is to be calculated.

First, the effective aperture calculating unit 44 calculates the distance z ₂ by substituting the distance z ₁ input to the distance input unit 42 and the focal length f input to the lens information input unit 43 into the equation (3). To do. Next, the effective diameter calculation means 44, the distance z ₂ of the formula (3), the distance d _c and a pitch p _c set in the parameter setting means 41 into Equation (1), the range of the elemental image Calculate w _c . Furthermore, the effective diameter calculation means 44, a range _{w c} of element images of the formula (1), and the distance _{z 2} of the formula (3), the distance _{d c} which is set in the parameter setting means 41 in the formula (2) Substitute and calculate the effective aperture Ω.

  The control signal output means 45 generates a control signal for driving the diaphragm blades 21 so that the aperture of the objective optical system 11 is equal to the effective aperture Ω. Then, the control signal output unit 45 outputs the generated control signal to the aperture driving unit 22.

[Operation of stereoscopic imaging device]
With reference to FIG. 6, the operation of the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1C will be described (see FIGS. 4 and 5 as appropriate).
Stereoscopic imaging apparatus 1C is a parameter setting means 41 of the aperture control unit 40 sets the pitch _{p c} and the distance _{d c} (Step S1: setting step).

In the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 </ b> C, the distance z ₁ is input by the distance input unit 42 of the aperture control unit 40. In the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1C, the focal length f is input from the encoder 17A by the lens information input unit 43 of the aperture control unit 40 (step S2: input step).

In the stereoscopic image capturing device 1C, the effective aperture calculating unit 44 of the aperture control unit 40 calculates the distance z ₂ by the equation (3), and calculates the element image range w _c by the equation (1) (step S3: distance). -Range calculation step).
The stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1C calculates the effective aperture Ω using the formula (2) by the effective aperture calculating unit 44 of the aperture control unit 40 (step S4: effective aperture calculating step).

The stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1 </ b> C generates a control signal by the control signal output unit 45 of the aperture control unit 40 and outputs the control signal to the aperture drive unit 22. Further, the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1C drives the diaphragm blade 21 by the diaphragm driving unit 22 so that the aperture of the objective optical system 17 becomes equal to the effective aperture Ω based on the control signal (step S5: diaphragm control step). ).
The stereoscopic image capturing apparatus 1C captures, as the element image group 15, the light from the subject 14 that has passed through the objective optical system 17 and the optical element array 12 by the imaging element 13 (step S6: imaging step).

As described above pointed out, the three-dimensional image photographing apparatus 1C in accordance with the focal length f and distance z _1, since it automatically control the effective aperture Ω of the objective optical system 17, it is possible to easily perform photographing.

As mentioned above, although each embodiment of this invention was described, this invention can add various deformation | transformation in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
In FIG. 1, the effective aperture of the objective optical system 11 is described as being equal to the lens diameter, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the lens diameter of the objective optical system 11 is larger than the effective aperture represented by the equations (1) to (3), the effective aperture is adjusted by shielding the periphery of the objective optical system 11 with a frame. Also good.
Although the objective optical system 11 has been described as a convex lens, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the objective optical system 11 may be a concave lens, a gradient index lens, a diffraction grating, or a combination thereof.
Although the optical element 12a has been described as a convex lens, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the optical element array 12 may be an element pinhole group in which element pinholes formed of minute openings are arranged two-dimensionally.
Moreover, although the image pickup device 13 has been described as being a CCD that generates a video signal, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the stereoscopic image photographing device 1 </ b> C may include a photographic film as photographing means instead of the imaging element 13.

1, 1B, 1C Stereoscopic image capturing device 11, 17 Objective optical system 17A Encoder 12 Optical element array 12a Optical element 13 Imaging element (imaging means)
20 Aperture mechanism 21 Aperture blade 22 Aperture drive means 30 Distance measurement means 40 Aperture control means 41 Parameter setting means 42 Distance input means 43 Lens information input means 44 Effective aperture calculation means 45 Control signal output means

Claims (4)

A stereoscopic image capturing device that captures an elemental image group of a subject by an integral photography method,
An optical element array in which a plurality of optical elements are arranged two-dimensionally;
An objective optical system disposed between the subject and the optical element array;
Photographing means for photographing light from a subject passing through the objective optical system and the optical element array as the element image group;
The objective optical system has an effective aperture Ω,
The element image range w _c , the preset pitch p _c of the optical element, the distance z ₂ from the objective optical system to the optical element array, and the preset optical element array to the imaging means And a distance d _{c up} to (3) represented by formula (1) and formula (2).

A diaphragm mechanism for shielding the objective optical system so that the aperture of the objective optical system is equal to the effective aperture Ω,
The stereoscopic image capturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: An encoder provided in the objective optical system for measuring a focal length of the objective optical system;
Distance measuring means for measuring a distance from the objective optical system to the subject;
Based on the focal length measured by the encoder and the distance measured by the distance measuring means, a distance z ₂ from the objective optical system to the optical element array is calculated, and the equations (1) and ( 2) calculating the effective aperture Ω, and aperture control means for controlling the aperture mechanism so that the aperture of the objective optical system is equal to the calculated effective aperture Ω;
The stereoscopic image capturing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: A stereoscopic image capturing method in the stereoscopic image capturing apparatus according to claim 3,
Diaphragm control means, and the distance d _c from said optical element array to the imaging unit, a setting step of the pitch p _c of the optical element is set in advance,
An input step in which the aperture control means inputs a distance from the subject to the objective optical system and a focal length of the objective optical system;
The aperture control means calculates a distance z ₂ from the objective optical system to the optical element array based on the focal length and the distance from the objective optical system to the subject, and is expressed by Expression (1). A distance / range calculating step for calculating a range w _{c of the} element image;
An effective aperture calculating step in which the aperture control means calculates the effective aperture Ω represented by the equation (2) based on the distance z ₂ calculated in the distance / range calculating step and the range w _{c of the} element image; ,
An aperture control step for controlling the aperture mechanism so that the aperture of the objective optical system is equal to the effective aperture Ω calculated in the effective aperture calculating step;
An imaging step in which imaging means captures light from a subject that has passed through the objective optical system and the optical element array as an element image group,
Are provided in order.

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