JP2014058340A - Tank for fluid and tank system for fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a horizontal water supply tank which efficiently forms spiral swirl flow in the water supply tank and prevents water from remaining therein for a long period.SOLUTION: A horizontal type water supply tank 10 of this invention includes: a cylindrical body 1; an inflow pipe 6 for injecting water into the water supply tank 10; a jet port 6a for jetting the water flowed from the inflow pipe 6 into the water supply tank 10; an outflow part 4 for flowing out the water to the exterior of the water supply tank 10; a first mirror plate 2 which closes the inflow pipe 6 side of the body 1; and a second mirror plate 3 which closes the outflow part 4 side of the body 1. Further, the jet port 6a is disposed at an upper part of the water supply tank 10 and jets the water toward a shoulder part 2c of the first mirror plate 2 so as to form spiral swirl flow in the water supply tank 10.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid tank system including a fluid tank and a plurality of fluid tanks, and more particularly to a water supply tank that supplies drinking water while storing drinking water and a water supply tank system including a plurality of water supply tanks.

  There is a fluid supply system in which a water supply tank is interposed in a facility for supplying fluid such as water. In this system, it is possible to supply a fluid (water in the case of water supply, hereinafter referred to as “water” as a representative) from a facility such as water supply (hereinafter referred to as “water supply”) to a water supply tank. The stored water can also be supplied. Therefore, when water supply from the water supply or the like stops, it is possible to take a measure of supplying water stored in the tank. Such a system is extremely useful because it can supply water stored in a tank in an emergency such as a disaster, water outage due to a power failure or damage to a water pipe in a water supply facility. In this case, various types of water such as private power generation and a manual pump can be used for supplying water. In this system, even when water is supplied from a water supply or the like, the water flowing into the tank from the water supply or the like is stored inside the water supply tank before being supplied from the water supply tank outlet through the water supply tank. Although flowing while mixing with water, water may stay in a region where the water inside the water supply tank is difficult to flow for a long time.

  In order to maintain the quality of the water by shortening the residence time of the water inside the water supply tank, some using a swirling flow have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 and 2). The water storage tank according to Patent Document 1 is a horizontal tank that is installed so that a cylindrical portion extends in the horizontal direction, and forms a swirling flow so that no stagnant water is generated therein (see FIG. 5). This water storage tank is composed of a tank main body consisting of a body and an end plate closing both ends thereof, an inflow pipe for sending water into the tank main body, and an outflow pipe for returning water to the outside of the tank main body. The first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are branched into two, the outlet of the first branch pipe is extended to the vicinity of the center of one end plate, and the outlet of the second branch pipe is extended to the vicinity of the inner wall of the tank body. A central flow is formed by reversing the discharge water from the first branch pipe against the end plate, and a swirling flow is formed by causing the discharge water from the second branch pipe along the inner wall.

  The water storage tank according to Patent Document 2 is a vertical tank that is installed so that a cylindrical portion extends in the vertical direction, and a swirling flow is generated in the tank to prevent retention of stored water (see FIG. 1). ). The water storage tank is provided with a discharge port of a water inflow pipe at an upper portion of the tank, and is arranged so as to eject water from the discharge port in a tangential direction of the tank. The water ejected from the discharge port flows from the upper part of the tank toward the bottom surface of the tank while forming a downward swirling flow along the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the tank.

JP-A-11-152186 JP-A-11-303159

  However, in the water storage tank according to Patent Document 1, although a swirl flow is formed in the horizontal tank, the inflow pipe branches into the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe, and water flows into the tank from these tips. For this reason, there arises a problem that not only the two branch pipes themselves become flow resistance in the tank, but also the water flow itself flowing out from each branch pipe becomes weak.

  Moreover, in the water storage tank which concerns on patent document 2, a swirl | vortex flow is formed in a vertical tank. Even if this water tank is simply installed as a horizontal type, a swirl flow cannot be formed efficiently. This is because the effect of gravity on the water flow formed inside the horizontal tank is different from that of the vertical tank. In the first place, in the horizontal tank, the relationship between the direction of the water flow formed inside and the gravity varies in a complicated manner, and the influence of gravity on the internal water flow cannot be easily predicted from that of the vertical tank.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid tank and a fluid tank system capable of efficiently forming a spiral swirl flow and shortening the residence time of the fluid in a horizontal fluid tank.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a fluid tank according to the present invention has a cylindrical main body, an inflow pipe that guides fluid to the inside on one end side of the main body, and an injection that injects fluid flowing in from the inflow pipe into the inside An outlet, an outlet through which fluid flows out on the other end side of the main body, a first end plate that closes the main body on the one end side of the main body, and the main body is closed on the other end side of the main body A horizontal fluid tank comprising: a second end plate, wherein the injection port is an upper part in the fluid tank, and faces the peripheral portion of the first end plate and / or the vicinity of the peripheral portion. A fluid tank.

  The first end plate includes a curved surface portion that curves outward. The peripheral portion is provided around the curved surface portion. The first end plate includes a cylindrical portion connected to the main body. The inflow pipe is fixed to an upper portion of the cylindrical portion. The first end plate includes a shoulder portion that connects the curved surface portion and the cylindrical portion. The shoulder is the peripheral portion. The inflow pipe is formed in an L shape. The injection port side portion of the inflow pipe is disposed substantially horizontally. The fluid is a liquid and the liquid is water. A plurality of fluid tanks are provided. The plurality of fluid tanks are connected in series, or the plurality of fluid tanks are connected in parallel. As an example, each of the plurality of fluid tanks is installed substantially horizontally.

  In the fluid tank and the fluid tank system according to the present invention, in the horizontal fluid tank, the injection port is at an upper portion in the fluid tank, and the fluid is directed toward the peripheral portion of the first end plate and / or the vicinity thereof. Since the fluid is jetted, the fluid flow is accelerated by gravity to efficiently form a spiral swirl flow, and the fluid can be stored and supplied without the fluid staying in the fluid tank for a long period of time.

It is a side view of the water supply tank which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the 1st end plate of the water supply tank seen from the A direction of FIG. It is a top view of the water supply tank seen from the B direction of FIG. It is a side view of the 1st end plate used for the water supply tank of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the swirl | vortex flow formed in the water supply tank of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the water flow injected to a 1st end plate from the injection outlet of FIG. It is a side view of the water supply tank system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the water supply tank system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the water tank system of FIG. It is the side view which looked at the water supply tank system of FIG. 8 from the end plate side. It is the bottom view seen from the outflow part side of the water supply tank system of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the water flow by the side of the inflow part of the water supply tank which concerns on the comparative example 1. FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the water flow by the side of the inflow part of the water supply tank which concerns on the comparative example 2. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the water flow of the water supply tank which concerns on the comparative example 3. It is sectional drawing which shows the water flow of the water supply tank which concerns on Example 1. FIG.

(Overview)
In the fluid tank according to the present invention, when a fluid (liquid or gas) is allowed to flow inside, a substantially L-shaped inflow pipe is fixed to the inflow portion, and the fluid is directed toward the shoulder portion (circumferential portion) of the end plate. By ejecting, a spiral swirl flow is generated inside the fluid tank. This flow prevents the fluid from staying in the tank for a long time because the fluid in the tank is swirled spirally and moved to the outlet while being stirred.

  Embodiments in which the fluid tank of the present invention is applied to a water supply tank will be described below with reference to the drawings. The fluid tank (water supply tank) on which the present invention is predicated is a horizontal tank whose longitudinal direction is set sideways or substantially horizontally. In the present invention, “horizontal”, “sideways”, and “substantially horizontal” do not have to be completely horizontal, and the installed tank is inclined so as not to prevent the replacement of the internal fluid. Including. Moreover, in the following embodiment, an Example, and a comparative example, the same name and the same code | symbol are attached | subjected to the same part, and description of the same part is abbreviate | omitted.

(First embodiment)
The water supply tank 10 which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIGS. 1-4. A horizontal water supply tank 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a cylindrical main body 1, a first end plate 2 that closes one of the open ends of the main body 1, and a second end plate 3 that closes the other open end of the main body 1. Composed. The main body 1, the first end plate 2, and the second end plate 3 are each formed from stainless steel. The first end plate 2 smoothly connects the curved portion (curved surface portion) 2a bulging outward from the inside of the tank, the cylindrical portion 2b formed integrally with the curved portion 2a, and the peripheral edge of the curved portion 2a and the cylindrical portion 2b. Shoulder portion (circumferential portion) 2c. The second end plate 3 includes a curved portion 3a that swells outward from the inside of the tank, and a cylindrical portion 3b that is formed integrally with the curved portion 3a. A first hook 7a is integrally provided on the outer surface upper portion of the bending portion 2a, and a second hook 7b is integrally provided on the outer surface upper portion of the bending portion 3a by welding or the like. The first hook 7a and the second hook 7b are used for lifting and moving the water supply tank 10.

  The cylindrical part 2b of the first end plate 2 is fixed to the inflow part (socket) 5 which is fixed by welding or the like around the hole formed in the upper part thereof, and is fixed to the inflow part 5 from the inside of the cylindrical part 2b by welding or the like. The inflow pipe 6 is provided. The inflow part 5 can be opened and closed by a valve (not shown). The inflow pipe 6 is an elbow pipe curved at approximately 90 °, and the opening end of the inflow pipe 6 in the water supply tank 10 serves as an injection port 6a. The injection port 6a is arranged toward the shoulder 2c in the upper part of the horizontal water supply tank 10 and in the vicinity of the curved part 2a of the first end plate 2. The opening center of the injection port 6 a is provided in the upper part in the water storage tank 10. As a result, the water flow injected from the injection port 6a accelerates and flows obliquely downward, which is the direction of the resultant force of the injection direction and the direction of gravity. As will be described later, the direction of the resultant force also varies with time by obtaining energy from the collision of the water flow itself with the inner wall of the water supply tank, and the water flow can flow in the water storage tank in a spiral. In addition, in the range from the upper end in the water storage tank 10 to a lower end, the upper part in the water supply tank 10 can be made into the range of the uppermost 1/3, More preferably, the uppermost 4 It can be in the range of a fraction.

  FIG. 2 is the first end plate 2 of the water supply tank 10 as viewed from the direction A in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the injection side portion 6 b of the inflow pipe 6 is installed substantially parallel to the horizontal line H, and the inflow side portion 6 c of the inflow pipe 6 is installed substantially parallel to the vertical line V.

  As shown in the top view of the water supply tank 10 in FIG. 3, the injection direction J of the water flow injected from the injection port 6a of the inflow pipe 6 and the longitudinal direction L of the water storage tank 10 form a predetermined angle θ. An injection port 6a is arranged. The predetermined angle θ is an angle at which the water flow ejected from the ejection port 6 a faces the shoulder 2 c of the first end plate 2. In the arrangement of the injection ports 6a in the present embodiment, the angle θ can be preferably 60 to 70 °, more preferably about 65 °.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 2 b of the first end plate 2 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical main body 1. An insertion edge 2 d provided at the end of the cylindrical portion 2 b of the first end plate 2 shown in FIG. 4 has an outer diameter that is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the main body 1. Therefore, when the insertion edge 2 d is inserted into the main body 1, the end plate 2 is positioned with respect to the main body 1. Similarly, when the insertion edge provided at the end of the cylindrical portion 3 b of the second end plate 3 is inserted into the main body 1, the position of the second end plate 3 is determined with respect to the main body 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an air vent (socket) 8 that vents the air in the water supply tank 10 is formed on the upper portion of the cylindrical portion 3b of the second end plate 3. The air vent 8 can be opened and closed by a valve (not shown). is there. An outflow portion (socket) 4 including an outflow port through which water in the water supply tank 10 flows out is formed at the lower portion of the cylindrical portion 3b of the second end plate 3. The outflow portion 4 can be opened and closed by a valve (not shown).

  After the water supply tank 10 is installed sideways (substantially horizontal), the valve of the air vent part 8 is opened, the valve of the inflow part 5 is opened with the valve of the outflow part 4 closed, and water is poured from the inflow part 5 to store water. be able to. When water is sufficiently stored in the water supply tank 10, when the valve of the air vent 8 is closed and the valves of the inflow part 5 and the outflow part 4 are opened, the normal use state is obtained. In the normal use state, as indicated by arrows in FIGS. 5 and 6, the water flow from the ejection hole 6 a of the water supply tank 10 is in the vicinity of the shoulder portion 2 c and / or the shoulder portion 2 c of the first end plate (hereinafter referred to as the shoulder portion 2). Is generally injected). The jetted water flow reaches the shoulder 2c of the first end plate 2 while being bent downward by gravity, and forms a swirling flow along the curved surface of the shoulder 2c. At the same time, a force that directs the water flow toward the second end plate 3 due to the collision with the shoulder portion 2c acts on this water flow, so that it flows to the second end plate 3 side while forming a spiral swirl, and all the water flows. Flows out from the outflow part 4 without staying for a long time.

(Second Embodiment)
A water supply tank system 100 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This water supply tank system 100 has a first water supply tank 10a and a second water supply tank 10b connected in series. The 1st water supply tank 10a and the 2nd water supply tank 10b are the same structures as the water supply tank 10 of 1st Embodiment. The water supply tank system 100 includes a support base 11 that supports each of the first water supply tank 10a and the second water supply tank 10b sideways (substantially horizontal) on the installation surface, and an outflow portion 4a of the first water supply tank 10a. And a connecting pipe 12 connected to the inflow portion 5b of the tank 10b.

  In the water supply tank system 100 of 2nd Embodiment, the drinking water supplied from a water supply etc. is guide | induced to the tank inside from the inflow part 5a of the 1st water supply tank 10a, forms a spiral turning flow, and retains for a long period of time. Without flowing out from the outflow portion 4a of the first water supply tank 10a. The water flowing out from the outflow portion 4a is guided to the second water supply tank 10b through the connection pipe 12. Furthermore, the water supplied from the connection pipe 12 is guided into the tank from the inflow portion 5b of the second water supply tank 10b, forms a swirling flow, and does not stay for a long period of time, so that the outflow portion 4b of the second water supply tank 10b. Spill from.

(Third embodiment)
A water supply tank system 200 according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. This water supply tank system 200 has a first water supply tank 10c and a second water supply tank 10d connected in parallel. The 1st water supply tank 10c and the 2nd water supply tank 10d are the same structures as the water supply tank 10 of 1st Embodiment. The water supply tank system 200 includes a support base 11 that supports each of the first water supply tank 10c and the second water supply tank 10d sideways (substantially horizontal) on the installation surface, and each of the first water supply tank 10c and the second water supply tank 10d. The T-shaped inflow piping 13 connected to the inflow portion of the first water tank and the T-shaped outflow piping 14 connected to the respective outflow portions of the first water supply tank 10c and the second water supply tank 10d.

  In the water supply tank system 200 of 3rd Embodiment, the drinking water supplied from a water supply etc. is guide | induced into each tank from each inflow part 5 of the 1st water supply tank 10c and the 2nd water supply tank 10d, and a spiral swirl flow Without being retained for a long time, and flows out from each outflow portion 4 of the first water supply tank 10c and the second water supply tank 10d. The water that flows out from each outflow portion 4 joins at the connection pipe 14.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the water supply tank demonstrated by each embodiment, The tank for fluids which stores and supplies arbitrary liquids, such as oil, organic solvent, juices, or arbitrary gases other than drinking water Can be used as Furthermore, although the water supply tank has been described as being installed substantially horizontally in each embodiment, the fluid tank of the present invention may be installed on a loading platform such as an automobile to be movable. When a plurality of water supply tanks are provided as in the second embodiment or the third embodiment, the positional relationship between the plurality of water supply tanks can be arbitrarily set. For example, each of the plurality of water supply tanks may be arranged on a horizontal plane, arranged along a vertical plane, or arranged along an inclined plane.

(Summary)
In the water supply tank and the water supply tank system according to each embodiment of the present invention, in the horizontal water supply tank, the injection port injects water from the upper part of the water supply tank toward the shoulder portion of the first end plate. The jetted water flow flows diagonally downward, which is the direction of the resultant force of the jetting direction and the direction of gravity, and collides with the curved shoulder, and a force directed toward the second end plate is applied to the water flow, whereby horizontal water supply A spiral swirl can be efficiently formed in the tank. Thereby, water can be stored and supplied without water staying in the water supply tank for a long time.

1. Retention comparison experiment of water in the water supply tank by arrangement of the inflow pipe In the present invention, in order to optimize the arrangement of the inflow pipe, a retention comparison experiment was performed using the following comparative examples and examples. In Example 1, the model of the water supply tank 10 shown in the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 6) was used. Each comparative example differs from the model of Example 1 in the vertical arrangement and direction (angle) of the inflow pipe. The model of the water supply tank 10 was a half scale model of the actual machine with the following size. Regarding the model of the cylindrical main body 1, the inner diameter was 150 mm, the total length was 1080 mm, and the internal volume was 20.5 L. In addition, the model of the main body 1 was made of a transparent resin so that the inside could be observed, and water containing ABS spheres having the same specific gravity as that of water was placed in a water supply tank, and the discharge degree of the ABS spheres was confirmed. 12-15 which show a comparative example and an Example, while the water flow of a water supply tank was illustrated with the arrow, the ABS ball | bowl contained in a water flow was illustrated with the black dot. Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 4 correspond to the conventional technical level. Comparative Example 3 is a modification of the conventional technical level, and Example 1 is a further improvement of Comparative Example 1.

The arrangement of the inlet pipe in the water tank was tested as follows.
Comparative Example 1 (FIG. 12): No tilt at the center position and on the central axis C and facing the first end plate. Comparative Example 2 (FIG. 13): Lower position parallel to the longitudinal direction L and facing the first end plate. Condition / Comparative Example 3 (FIG. 14): State tilted with respect to the longitudinal direction L at the lower position and facing the shoulder of the first end plate / Comparative Example 4 (not shown): First parallel with the longitudinal direction L at the upper position State facing end plate-Example 1 (Fig. 15): State tilted with respect to the longitudinal direction L at the upper position and facing the shoulder portion of the first end plate

(Comparative Example 1)
In the water supply tank 10 x of Comparative Example 1 shown in FIG. 12, the inflow pipe 6 x is at the center position, and the ejection direction of the ejection port 6 xa extends on the central axis C of the main body 1. An inflow pipe 6x extends downward from the inflow portion 5 above the water supply tank 10x to the central axis C (longitudinal direction L) of the cylindrical main body 1, and further on the central axis C from here to the center of the first end plate 2 An injection port 6xa is formed at the end of the nozzle. Water containing ABS spheres was allowed to flow through the water supply tank 10x at a flow rate of 5 L / min to check whether there was any stagnation.

  In the water supply tank 10 x, the ABS sphere included in the water flow injected from the injection port 6 xa collides with the center of the first end plate 2 and flows along the first end plate 2. In a region x1 on the inner bottom surface of the main body 1, a water flow including an ABS sphere is generated so as to be away from the first end plate 2. However, since the ABS sphere accumulated in the region x2 on the inner bottom surface about 300 mm from the end (left end) of the water supply tank 10x, it was confirmed that water was retained in this portion.

(Comparative Example 2)
In the water supply tank 10y of Comparative Example 2 shown in FIG. 13, the inflow pipe 6y is at the lower position, and the jet direction of the jet port 6ya is parallel to the longitudinal direction L and faces the first end plate 2. More specifically, the inflow pipe 6y extends downward from the inflow portion 5 at the upper portion of the water supply tank 10y to the lower portion in the cylindrical main body 1, and further extends from here toward the first end plate 2 in parallel with the central axis C. A jet port 6ya is formed at the end of the lever. Water containing ABS spheres was allowed to flow through the water supply tank 10y at a flow rate of 5 L / min, and the presence or absence of stagnation was confirmed.

  In the water supply tank 10y, the ABS sphere included in the water flow injected from the injection port 6ya collides with the lower part of the first end plate 2 and flows upward along the first end plate 2, and the ABS sphere gradually starts from the region y1. Fall into. Moreover, in the area | region y2 behind the inflow part 5 with respect to the 1st end plate 2, although the water flow is weak, the ABS sphere is flowing. In the region y3 below the region y2, since the water flow is weakened, a small amount of ABS spheres accumulate. In the region y4 close to the inflow pipe 6y, the ABS sphere is attracted toward the inflow pipe 6y by the injection of the injection port 6ya. In Comparative Example 2, since the water flow injected from the injection port 6ya is a flow that rises from the lower part of the first end plate 2 to the upper part, it has been confirmed that the flow is weakened by the influence of gravity during this ascent. .

(Comparative Example 3)
In the water supply tank 10z of Comparative Example 3 shown in FIG. 14, the inflow pipe 6z extends to the lower position, and the ejection direction of the ejection port 6za forms an angle with respect to the longitudinal direction L when viewed from above. I turned to the part. The inflow pipe 6z extends downward from the inflow part 5 at the upper part of the water supply tank 10z to the lower part in the cylindrical main body 1, and further in a direction forming an angle of 30 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction L when viewed from above. It extends to form an injection port 6za at its end. Water containing ABS spheres was allowed to flow through the water supply tank 10z at a flow rate of 5 L / min, and the presence or absence of stagnation was confirmed.

  The water flow from the jet outlet 6za flows in a spiral swirl from the lower part of the water supply tank 10z. Some ABS spheres contained in the water flow accumulate in the region z1 and gradually return to the injection port 6za side. Even if water injection was stopped, the swirl flow continued to some extent. In the region z2, it was confirmed that a small amount of ABS spheres were easily collected and the water flow was weakened.

(Comparative Example 4)
In the water supply tank of Comparative Example 4 (not shown), the inflow pipe is at the upper position, the ejection direction of the ejection port is parallel to the longitudinal direction L, and faces the first end plate 2. Water containing ABS spheres was allowed to flow through this water supply tank at a flow rate of 5 L / min, and the presence or absence of residence was confirmed. At the upper position of Comparative Example 4, as in the lower position of Comparative Example 2, the ABS sphere contained in the water flow gradually returns to the injection port side. In Comparative Example 4, it was confirmed that ABS spheres contained in the water flow were easier to flow, but in Comparative Example 4, ABS spheres were more likely to accumulate in the lower center of the water supply tank.

Example 1
The water supply tank 10 of Example 1 shown in FIG. 15 has a structure similar to the water supply tank 10 of the first embodiment. In the water supply tank 10 of Example 1, the inflow pipe 6 was at the upper position, and the injection direction of the injection port 6a made an angle of 30 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction L so as to face the shoulder of the first end plate 2. Water containing ABS spheres was allowed to flow through the water supply tank 10 at a flow rate of 5 L / min, and the presence or absence of stagnation was confirmed. As shown in FIG. 15, the water flow including the ABS sphere forms a spiral swirl flow and flows from the injection port 6 a of the inflow pipe 6 to the outflow port 4.

  Since the water flow of Example 1 (FIG. 15) forms a stronger spiral swirl flow than that of Comparative Example 3 (FIG. 14), the ABS sphere contained in the water flow gradually advances toward the outflow part 4 side. It was confirmed that the ABS spheres flowed to the outlet 4 without accumulating. In the vicinity of the center shown in the region a1, a small number of ABS spheres return to the first end plate side or flow toward the outflow port 4, while in the region a2 near the outflow port 4, the movement of the ABS sphere is slightly delayed and the water flow is weak. However, it was confirmed that all ABS spheres were finally discharged. In Example 1, it was also confirmed that such foreign matter can be discharged when the ABS sphere that is solid is considered as a foreign matter.

(Summary)
At the center position (no angle) of the inflow pipe of Comparative Example 1, the ABS sphere accumulates in the center and does not flow. At the lower position (no angle) of the inflow pipe of Comparative Example 2 and the upper position (no angle) of the inflow pipe of Comparative Example 4, there were very few ABS spheres that returned a lot. In the case of the lower position (with an angle) of Comparative Example 3, the spiral swirl flow had a portion where the movement was uncertain due to some deviation. Further, in Comparative Example 3, the spiral swirling flow was significantly weakened in the vicinity of the outflow portion 4. On the other hand, in Example 1, since the spiral swirling flow is generated in the vicinity of the outflow portion 4, the swirling flow is uniformly generated in all the portions in the longitudinal direction, and the water stays for a long time. It was confirmed that it can be prevented.

2. Retention check experiment of water supply tank by model In the water supply tank system according to the second embodiment (FIG. 7), whether water stays in each water supply tank does not move for a long time during water injection, or whether the water is completely changed. Was used to evaluate. The model water tank used was the same as in Example 1 and connected in series to create a water tank system. In addition, the water exchange in the model water tank system was confirmed using colored water colored with methylene blue.

(Experimental water volume)
Based on the standard amount of water used with a water supply port diameter of 13 mm in the actual machine, the flow rate of the actual machine was assumed to be 17 L / min in Experiment 1, and the flow rate of the actual machine was assumed to be 8.5 L / min, one-half of Experiment 1. Using the Reynolds number from the assumed flow rates of these actual machines, the required amount of experimental water in the 1/2 scale model was determined as 9.2 L / min and 4.6 L / min for Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Experiments were conducted by injecting water into the experimental water tank system using these experimental water volumes. In Experiment 1, continuous water injection was performed, and in Experiment 2, water was intermittently injected assuming daily use, that is, water was injected for 10 minutes, and pauses were repeated for 3 minutes.

  The standard amount of water used means that the amount of water discharged is treated as a uniform amount of water depending on the diameter regardless of the type of water supply tool. The standard amount of water used is a standard number for planning the amount of water used by a water supply device such as a facility, and is used to determine the required diameter of the water supply pipe and the capacity of the water receiving tank from this amount of water used. In order to calculate the amount of water used by facilities, the required diameter and amount of water used for each water supply device are determined to some extent, and based on the type and quantity of the water supply device used, these water discharge amounts are added together to obtain the standard amount of water used. Is calculated. For example, the kitchen sink has a water usage of 12 to 40 L / min and a water supply tool diameter of 13 to 20 mm. In addition, the standard amount of water used for the above-mentioned water supply diameter of 13 mm can be calculated by using the “Water Supply Device Standard Plan / Construction Method Design Water Usage” in the “Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Water Supply Device Database”.

(Reynolds number)
The behavior of the fluid in the actual machine can be evaluated by conducting an experiment using the model with the Reynolds number Re calculated for the instantaneous water usage of the actual machine and the Reynolds number Re of the model being the same value. The Reynolds number Re is defined by the following formula (1).

  Here, v is the flow velocity of water in the tank (m / s), d is the tank diameter (m), and ν is the kinematic viscosity (m / s) of water.

In Experiment 1, the water tank system shown in the second embodiment in FIG. 7 was used. In the actual machine of Experiment 1, it was assumed that the standard amount of water used was 13 L / min. 17 L / min is 0.000283 m ³ / sec, and when this is divided by a cross-sectional area of the flow path of 0.0767 m ² , a flow velocity of 0.003696 (m / s) is obtained. In order to obtain the Reynolds number Re of the actual machine, the following numerical values were used.
v = 0.003696 m / s
d = 0.125m
ν = 1.083 × 10 ⁻⁶ m / s (kinematic viscosity at a water temperature of 17 ° C. during the experiment)
The calculated Reynolds number Re was 1066. The flow velocity v necessary for the experiment of the half-scale model in Experiment 1 can be obtained from the following equation (2).

In order to obtain the required flow velocity v in the model of Experiment 1, the following numerical values were used.
Re = 1066
d = 0.156m
ν = 1.171 × 10 ⁻⁶ m / s (kinematic viscosity at a water temperature of 14 ° C. during the experiment)

The flow velocity v required for the model of Experiment 1 was 0.008005 m / s. The unit was converted to L / min after applying a cross-sectional area of 0.0191 m ³ to the model. The amount of water used per unit time necessary for the experiment of the model of Experiment 1 was 9.2 L / min. The experiment was performed by applying this amount of water to the model of Experiment 1.

  In Experiment 2, an actual machine and a model having the same size as Experiment 1 were used. In the actual machine, it was assumed that the amount of water used with a water tap diameter of 13 mm was 8.5 L / min. The amount of water required for the model of Experiment 2 was determined to be 4.6 L / min, and the experiment was performed with this amount of water. In the model of Experiment 1, colored water was filled in the model water tank system in advance, transparent water was poured at a water amount of 9.2 L / min, and the color change was visually confirmed. In the model of Experiment 2, the model water tank system is filled with clear water in advance, and colored water is poured into it at a volume of 4.6 L / min. Finally, the clear water is supplied at a volume of 4.6 L / min. The color change was visually confirmed.

(Experimental result)
In the model water tank system, when photographs taken every few minutes were compared, there was no stagnation area and no short-circuiting flow was observed. This means that a short-circuited flow in the longitudinal direction that is not a spiral swirl flow is not observed. Table 1 shows the replacement time and the amount of water. The replacement time is advanced as the test water amount increases in both the first water supply tank 10a and the second water supply tank 10b connected in series. In each water tank, the structure on the inflow side of tap water is changed and the injection port of the inflow pipe (elbow pipe) having a diameter of 21.7 mm is directed to the shoulder portion of the first end plate, so that a spiral water flow is formed. It was found that the water flow became an extrusion flow.

(Consideration of actual machine from experimental results)
The average water usage of a general household (4 family members) is 32 to 40 m ³ / month, and the average daily water usage is 1050 to 1300 L (1.05 to 1.3 m ³ / day). In order to compare the average amount of water used and the experimental results, the actual water equivalent water amounts shown in Table 2 were obtained from the test water amounts in Experiments 1 and 2. The model replacement water amount required for replacement in the experimental model of the water tank can be obtained by applying the model replacement time in Table 2 to the model test water amount in Table 2. Furthermore, when the volume ratio ((volume of actual machine) / (volume of model)) is multiplied by this model replacement water quantity, it becomes the actual machine equivalent water quantity. The capacity (volume) of the actual water tank is 163 L, the capacity (volume) of the experimental model water tank is 20.5 L, and the volume ratio is 7.95. Specifically, in the model of Experiment 1, the actual device equivalent water amount is obtained as 9.2 × 13 × 7.95 = 951, and in the model of Experiment 2, the actual device equivalent water amount is obtained as 4.6 × 30 × 7.95 = 1097.

  According to Table 2, the actual water equivalent water volume in Experiments 1 and 2 and the daily average water consumption are almost equal, so even when the water tank system in Experiments 1 and 2 is applied to the actual machine, It was confirmed that the water in the water supply tank was replaced in about one day without stagnation, and it was confirmed that the water quality did not deteriorate and safety was ensured.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 2 1st end plate 2a Curved part 2b Cylindrical part 2c Shoulder part 3 2nd end plate 4 Outflow part 5 Inflow part 6 Inlet pipe 6a Spout 10 Water supply tank 100 Water supply tank system 200 Water supply tank system C Central axis H Horizontal direction L Longitudinal Direction V Vertical direction

Claims (15)

A cylindrical main body, an inflow pipe for introducing fluid into the inside at one end of the main body, an injection port for injecting fluid flowing in from the inflow pipe into the inside, and outflowing fluid to the outside at the other end of the main body A horizontal fluid tank, comprising: an outlet port configured to close; a first end plate that closes the main body on the one end side of the main body; and a second end plate that closes the main body on the other end side of the main body. ,
2. The fluid tank according to claim 1, wherein the ejection port is an upper part in the fluid tank and faces the peripheral portion of the first end plate and / or the vicinity of the peripheral portion.   2. The fluid tank according to claim 1, wherein the first end plate includes a curved portion curved outward. 3.   The fluid tank according to claim 2, wherein the peripheral portion is provided around the curved surface portion.   4. The fluid tank according to claim 1, wherein the first end plate includes a cylindrical portion connected to the main body. 5.   5. The fluid tank according to claim 4, wherein the inflow pipe is fixed to an upper portion of the cylindrical portion.   6. The fluid tank according to claim 4, wherein the first end plate includes a shoulder portion that connects the curved surface portion and the cylindrical portion.   The fluid tank according to claim 6, wherein the shoulder portion is the peripheral portion.   The fluid tank according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inflow pipe is formed in an L shape.   9. The fluid tank according to claim 1, wherein the injection side portion of the inflow pipe is disposed substantially horizontally. 10.   The fluid tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fluid is a liquid.   The fluid tank according to claim 10, wherein the liquid is water.   A fluid tank system comprising a plurality of fluid tanks according to claim 1.   13. The fluid tank system according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of fluid tanks are connected in series.   13. The fluid tank system according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of fluid tanks are connected in parallel.   The fluid tank system according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein each of the plurality of fluid tanks is installed substantially horizontally.