JP2014051535A - Method of promoting absorption of iron, calcium, and magnesium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide foods, drinks, fodder and pharmaceutical compositions that exhibit mineral absorption-promoting effects and anemia-preventing or ameliorating effects and are highly safe without causing side effects.SOLUTION: The mineral absorption promoter comprises an α-glucosidase-inhibiting component. The anemia-ameliorating agent, foods and drinks and materials for foods and drinks comprise the mineral absorption promoter. The α-glucosidase-inhibiting component is preferably salacinol or kotalanol. The mineral is preferably iron, calcium, magnesium or zinc.

Description

  The present invention relates to a mineral absorption promoter containing a component having an α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and a powder or extract of a plant belonging to the genus Salacia, as well as an iron deficiency anemia improving agent or a food composition.

In recent years, the Japanese food situation has improved, and the average intake of most nutrients meets the nutritional requirements, but the intake of minerals such as iron, calcium, zinc and copper does not meet the prescribed dose. (Non-Patent Document 1).
With regard to iron in particular, if insufficient intake continues, iron deficiency anemia may occur via latent iron deficiency in which anemia does not appear. This iron deficiency anemia is common among adult women, and about half of adult women are said to have latent iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia.
In order to replenish the iron deficiency in the body, it is necessary to take more iron than the daily requirement, but iron is poorly absorbed, so there is a way to increase the mineral absorption rate rather than increasing the intake. Efficient. Therefore, foods with high iron absorbability and substances that promote iron absorption have attracted a great deal of attention, and iron content of 1 mg or more and 200 mg or less is preferable as the daily intake. On the other hand, various preparations of iron compounds used for the prevention or treatment of anemia have been devised, but there are side effects on digestive organs such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhea caused by iron. It has become a clinical problem.
So far, when combined use of iron and proline is administered to anemia model rats, recovery of hemoglobin is promoted (Non-patent Document 2), a method using yeast cell wall polysaccharides (Patent Document 1), isoleucine, valine, leucine and A method of using an arginine group and an iron agent in combination (Patent Document 2) has been reported, but although there is an effect of improving iron absorption, the above side effects have not been improved.

JP 2002-255832 A JP 2008-50277 A

2001 National Nutrition Survey J. et al. Nutr. Sci Vitaminol, 49, 7-12, 2003.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide foods, beverages, feeds and pharmaceutical compositions which have an effect of promoting safe mineral absorption and preventing or improving anemia without side effects.

The present inventors have found that these components have an effect of promoting iron absorption in the course of conducting research on components having α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This effect is a finding that has never been known.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention uses a component having α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, improves the utilization efficiency of minerals such as iron, and completes a mineral absorption promoter or anemia improving agent free from side effects. did.

Means for achieving the object is as follows.
[1]
A method of promoting absorption of iron, calcium, or magnesium using a ground product or extract of a plant belonging to the genus Salacia.
[2]
The method for promoting absorption of iron, calcium, or magnesium according to [1], wherein the ground product or extract of the plant of the genus Salacia is salacinol or kotalanol.
Although this invention is invention which concerns on said [1]-[2], below, other matters (for example, following <1>-<7>) are also described.
<1>
A mineral absorption promoter containing an α-glucosidase inhibitor component.
<2>
2. The mineral absorption promoter according to 1 above, wherein the α-glucosidase-inhibiting component is acarbose, voglibose, miglitol, ground or extracted product of Salacia plant, deoxynojirimycin, guava leaf polyphenol, bean extract .
<3>
The mineral absorption promoter according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the α-glucosidase inhibitory component is salacinol or kotalanol.
<4>
4. The mineral absorption promoter according to any one of 1 to 3, wherein the mineral is iron, calcium, magnesium, or zinc.
<5>
The anemia improvement agent containing the mineral absorption promoter in any one of said 1-4.
<6>
6. The anemia ameliorating agent according to 5 above, wherein the anemia ameliorating agent is an iron deficiency ameliorating agent and further contains a compound corresponding to 1 mg or more of iron content as a daily intake.
<7>
The food-drinks or food-drinks material containing the mineral absorption promoter in any one of said 1-4.

  According to the present invention, foods, beverages, feeds and pharmaceutical compositions having an effect of promoting mineral absorption with high safety and no side effects and preventing or improving anemia are provided.

The α-glucosidase inhibiting component used in the present invention may be any component that inhibits α-glucosidase in the small intestinal epithelium. Examples include acarbose, voglibose, miglitol, salacinol, cotaranol, deoxynojirimycin, acteoside, guava leaf polyphenol, bean extract, licorice extract, wheat albumin, salacia extract (pulverized or extract of genus Salacia), mulberry leaf extract , Green tea extract, rose flower extract, catechins, silkworms, eucalyptus, kehi, loquat leaves and the like. Of these, acarbose, voglibose, deoxynojirimycin, guava leaf polyphenol, ground or extract of Salacia plant, mulberry leaf extract, and bean drum extract are preferable.
Particularly preferred as the α-glucosidase inhibitory component is salacinol or kotalanol. These are preferably contained as a ground product or extract of a plant belonging to the genus Salacia, but may be a chemically synthesized product.

The α-glucosidase inhibitory component of the present invention preferably has a sucrase 50% inhibitory concentration (IC ₅₀ value) of 0.01 μg / ml or more and 800 μg / ml or less. Further, the sucrase 50% inhibitory concentration is preferably 0.1 μg / ml or more and 600 μg / ml or less, more preferably 0.5 μg / ml or more and 450 μg / ml or less.
The sucrase 50% inhibitory concentration (IC ₅₀ value) is measured by the following method.

[Experimental method 1] Measurement of sucrase IC ₅₀ value Preparation of sample solution: Weigh 2 mg of sample into a tube, add 2 mL of water and suspend well to prepare a sample solution with a concentration of 1 mg / mL. This is diluted with water to 0, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg / mL, respectively.

  Preparation of substrate solution: Sucrose is dissolved in 0.2 M maleate buffer (pH 6.0) to a sucrose concentration of 100 mM, and this is used as a substrate solution.

  Preparation of crude enzyme solution: 1 g of an intestinal acetone powder rat (manufactured by SIGMA) was suspended in 10 mL of physiological saline, followed by centrifugation (3,000 rpm, 4 ° C., 5 min). The obtained supernatant is separated to obtain a crude enzyme solution.

  400 μL of the substrate solution was added to 500 μL of the sample solution of each concentration described above, and pre-warmed for 5 minutes at 37 ° C. in a water bath. 100 μL of the crude enzyme solution was added thereto, and reacted at 37 ° C. for 60 minutes. After completion of the reaction, the enzyme was inactivated by heating at 95 ° C. for 2 minutes to stop the reaction. The produced glucose concentration is quantified using a commercially available kit, mutarotase / glucose oxidase method (glucose CII test Wako, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).

Blank preparation: 200 μL of substrate solution and 50 μL of crude enzyme solution are added to 250 μL of the sample solution of each concentration described above, and the enzyme is heat-inactivated by immediately heating at 95 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain blank data. .
A calibration curve is prepared from the obtained values, and the concentration at which the enzyme activity is inhibited by 50% (IC ₅₀ value) is determined.

  The mineral absorption promoter of the present invention preferably promotes absorption of iron, calcium, magnesium or zinc.

  Moreover, the anemia improving agent containing the mineral absorption promoter of the present invention is an iron deficiency improving agent, and preferably further contains a compound corresponding to 1 mg or more of iron as a daily intake.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the mineral absorption promoter of this invention is contained in food-drinks or food-drinks materials.

  The mineral absorption promoter and anemia ameliorating agent of the present invention are in the form of liquid foods such as beverages and yoghurt, jelly-like foods, powdered food ingredients, tablets, hard capsules, soft capsules and granules. Also good. In the latter case, excipients such as crystalline cellulose and magnesium stearate, and swelling agents such as corn starch and alginic acid can be used. Moreover, shellac, sugar, a film coating base material, yeast wrap, etc. can be used as a coating agent for tablets, capsules and granules.

  The plant belonging to the genus Salacia according to the present invention is a plant belonging to the family Nymphalidae that grows mainly in Sri Lanka, India, or Southeast Asia, and more specifically, Salacia reticulata, S. oblonga, Salacia Prinoides. One or more types of plants selected from (S. prinoides) and S. chinensis are used. Extracted powders obtained by pulverizing these plants and edible parts such as roots, trunks, leaves, flowers and fruits are used. One or more kinds of sites may be mixed and used. More preferably, extract powder extracted from roots and trunks is used.

In the case of using an extract powder of a plant belonging to the genus Salacia, one obtained by solvent extraction from the edible portion is dried. The extraction solvent may be selected from water, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, or a mixed solvent of water and alcohols or ketones such as acetone. Preferably, water, alcohol or hydrous alcohol is used. More preferably, hot water, ethanol or hydrous ethanol is used as the extraction solvent. The alcohol concentration of the hydrous alcohol may be 30 to 90%, preferably 40 to 70%.
Examples of the drying method include spray drying and freeze drying, but are not limited thereto.

  In the present invention, in order to improve discoloration of the extract powder of Salacia plant with the passage of time, it is preferable to contain calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide in an amount of 1% or more by weight when it is in the form of tablets or hard capsules. Furthermore, a low moisture-absorbing raw material and a hygroscopic agent that can be used as food or food additives can be used. Preferably, cellulose, crystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, oligosaccharide, sugar alcohol, trehalose, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate and the like are used as the low hygroscopic raw material. As the hygroscopic agent, silicates, magnesium carbonate, ferrocyanide, polysaccharides and the like are used. More preferably, crystalline cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, or lactose is used as the low hygroscopic raw material.

  The term “mineral” as used in the present invention refers to iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, cobalt, selenium, iodine, fluorine and the like that are required in vivo.

  Examples of calcium and magnesium raw materials include dolomite, eggshell calcium, coral calcium, sea urchin shell calcium, petrified seaweed calcium, pearl calcium, beef bone calcium, seashell calcium, fish bone powder calcium, fish scale calcium, milk calcium, etc. All natural calcium that can be used in other foods.

  Dolomite is generally obtained by crushing raw dolomite ore, heat sterilizing, and then crushing. Commercially available products can be used.

  Iron can be taken from heme iron, iron yeast, and the like. Heme iron accounts for about 40% of the iron contained in meats, fish and viscera, and is better intestinal absorption than non-heme iron. Heme iron is generally obtained by performing enzymatic treatment of hemoglobin, followed by ultrafiltration or isothermal precipitation and drying, but commercially available products can be used.

  As the seaweed from which iodine can be obtained, brown algae, red algae and the like, or a mixture thereof can be used, and these can be blended as a dried product or a pulverized product. The dried product and its pulverized product are commercially available.

  As yeasts, by cultivating yeast in a medium containing a high concentration of minerals (magnesium, manganese, copper, molybdenum, iron, magnesium, zinc, selenium, chromium, iodine, etc.), the cells can absorb the minerals. It is a yeast. These can be obtained by culturing yeast in a mineral-added medium, collecting the bacteria, and then obtaining them through steps such as concentration, sterilization, and drying, and are commercially available.

  As yeast, baker's yeast and beer yeast are generally used. Specific examples include manganese yeast, copper yeast, molybdenum yeast, iron yeast, magnesium yeast, zinc yeast, selenium yeast, chromium yeast, iodine yeast, and the like.

  A compound necessary for molding into the powder, solid agent or liquid agent of the present invention may be appropriately included. Examples of such compounds include erythritol, maltitol, hydroxypropylcellulose, kaolin, talc and the like.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described using examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

<Example 1>
After the roots and trunks of Salacia reticulata and Salacia oblonga were pulverized, the liquid obtained through the hot water extraction step was spray-dried to obtain Salacia extract powder. Further, 1 liter of 25% ethanol was added to 300 g of dried mulberry leaf powder for extraction, and the filtrate was desolvated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a mulberry leaf extract.
The dried powder of guava leaf was extracted by adding hot water at 95 ° C., and the filtrate was desolvated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a guava leaf extract.
Using the resulting extract powder, a powder having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared, and the sucrase IC ₅₀ value was measured by the method described in [Experiment Method 1].
Moreover, the compounding powder of Table 1 was tableted and the tablet of the sample 1-sample 13 was created.

  A group of 5 adult women who replied that they had an anemia tendency in the previous questionnaire survey had each sample 1-13 taken orally before each meal, and this was repeated for 30 days. Blood was collected on the day before the start of intake and the day after the end of intake, and the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum iron were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. Each value is an average value of 5 persons, and the relative value when the value of Sample 1 is 100 is shown in Table 2.

  By taking the sample of the present invention, the values of red blood cell count, hematocrit, and serum iron were significantly increased, and it became clear that the absorption of iron increased by taking the sample of the present invention. From the results of Samples 3 to 9, it was found that even when only the components of the present invention were ingested, the amount of iron absorbed from a normal meal was increased, which was effective in improving anemia. Furthermore, it was found that levels 10 to 13 added with iron pyrophosphate have a particularly high iron deficiency anemia improvement effect. In the intake period questionnaire, it became clear that there was no person who complained of gastrointestinal discomfort by ingesting the ingredients of the present invention, and that there was no discomfort with conventional iron preparations and that it was easy to drink.

<Example 2>
Salacinol was isolated from the Salacia extract powder prepared in Example 1 by the method of Yoshikawa described in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 10 (2002) 1547-1554. The following experiment was performed using this and voglibose and acarbose which are α-glucosidase inhibitors.

After 4 weeks of age, SD rats (male) were preliminarily raised for 1 week, and then randomly divided into 6 groups of 6 animals each of the control group and the sample intake group based on body weight. The rats of the salacinol administration group were orally administered with a 0.1% aqueous salacinol solution at a dose of 2.0 g / day per unit weight of the rat. Rats in the voglibose administration group were orally administered with a 0.4% voglibose aqueous solution per unit body weight of the rat at 2.0 g / day. The rats in the acarbose administration group were orally administered with a 0.4% acarbose aqueous solution at a dose of 2.0 g / day per rat body weight. Rats in the Salacia extract powder administration group were orally administered with a 1% Salacia extract powder aqueous solution at a unit weight of 2.0 g / day. Rats in the mulberry extract powder administration group were orally administered with a 1% mulberry extract powder aqueous solution at 2.0 g / day per rat body weight. Rats in the Salacia extract powder + green tea extract administration group were orally administered 1% Salacia extract powder + 1% green tea extract mixed aqueous solution at 2.0 g / day per rat body weight. The rats in the control group were orally administered water at a dose of 2.0 g / day per unit body weight.
Each rat was bred for 14 days with a chow (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd., CRF-1), then transferred to a cage for metabolic analysis, and urine and feces were collected for 4 days to obtain iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Concentration was measured. Minerals from stool were detected by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, and urine and serum were detected by atomic absorption. The absorption rate of minerals and the retention rate in the body were calculated using the following equations.
Absorption = Intake-Fecal excretion Absorption rate (%) = Absorption ÷ Intake x 100
Internal retention amount = Absorption amount-Urinary excretion amount Internal retention rate (%) = Internal retention amount ÷ Intake × 100

  Tables 3 to 5 show the results of the mineral absorption rate, the in-vivo retention rate and the serum mineral concentration in the mineral balance test, respectively.

  It has been clarified that the intake of minerals such as iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc is dramatically increased by ingesting the components of the present invention with respect to the control group. Therefore, it is considered that the intake of the components of the present invention makes it possible to perform poor physical condition and disease prevention due to mineral deficiency.

(Example 3)
Preparation of tablets using Salacia extract powder Tablets were prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 6, and supplements with shellac coating were prepared.

  The effects shown in Example 1 were obtained by taking the tablets of this formulation. Furthermore, we received reports from ingested subjects that their bodies became lighter and less tired.

Claims (2)

  A method of promoting absorption of iron, calcium, or magnesium using a ground product or extract of a plant belonging to the genus Salacia.   The method for promoting absorption of iron, calcium, or magnesium according to claim 1, wherein the ground product or extract of the plant of the genus Salacia is salacinol or kotalanol.