JP2014047528A - Photovoltaic power generation roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photovoltaic power generation roof which is improved in light collection efficiency of sunlight.SOLUTION: A photovoltaic power generation roof is constituted by combining a first roof surface 2A and a second roof surface 2B together triangularly in cross section; and a first solar panel frame 3A is arranged over the first roof surface 2A along the second roof surface 2B and a second solar panel frame 3B is arranged over the second roof surface 2B along the first roof surface 2A. The solar panel frames 3A and 3B house and support solar panels, and are rotatable around a hinge 4, fixedly provided in a longitudinal direction above a ridge where the first roof surface 2A and the second roof surface 2B contact each other, as a fulcrum. Under the control of a frame drive control part, one solar panel frame is rotated to have its surface linked in level with the surface of the other solar panel frame.

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof provided with a solar panel that covers an upper part of a building, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic power generation roof with improved sunlight collection efficiency.

  A solar panel can be installed in various places of a building such as a roof or a wall as long as it can receive sunlight enough to withstand the weight of the panel. Therefore, installation of solar panels on buildings has become widespread for use in limited areas and individuals.

  Generally, a solar panel has a lower power generation amount per installation area than other power generation facilities, and it is necessary to increase the installation scale in order to increase the total power generation amount. However, if it is installed on the ground, it is sufficient to increase the installation area, but when installing solar panels on a building, it is effective because it is limited by the size of the building and the surface of the sun. It is difficult to secure a sufficient amount of power generation.

  Therefore, two solar module plates connected via hinges are installed on the roof with a triangular structure so as to incline on both sides, and in the daytime, the solar module plates are separated separately according to the direction of sunlight. Alternatively, there is known a device that tracks the sunlight by turning the two solar module plates horizontally around the hinge together so that the light receiving surfaces of the two solar module plates are in horizontal communication (for example, Patent Documents). 1).

JP 2010-283323 A

  In the prior art by patent document 1, many triangular structures which consist of two solar module boards connected via hinges are installed on the roof, and each triangular structure is controlled by the solar light tracking control unit. Each of the two solar module plates is configured to condense sunlight vertically by appropriately rotating the light receiving surfaces in a state where they are in horizontal communication. Therefore, in the time zone when sunlight enters from an angle, the solar panel with the triangular structure located in front of the irradiation direction of the sunlight blocks the light incident on the solar panel with the rear triangular structure. Efficient power generation cannot be expected. Moreover, there is a drawback that the drive mechanism is complicated to rotate the solar module plate according to the sunlight angle that changes every moment.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a solar power roof capable of efficiently collecting sunlight by moving a solar panel with a simple structure. It is aimed.

  For this reason, the photovoltaic power generation roof according to the present invention combines the first roof surface and the second roof surface so that the cross section has a triangular shape and covers the upper part of the building, and the first roof surface A first solar panel mount for supporting a solar panel provided along the first roof surface above, and a solar panel provided along the second roof surface above the second roof surface; A second solar panel gantry for supporting, and being fixed in a longitudinal direction above a ridge where the first roof surface and the second roof surface are in contact, the first solar panel gantry and the second solar panel gantry. A hinge for pivotally connecting the solar panel mount and a surface of the first solar panel mount in the same plane as a surface of the second solar panel mount in a state along the second roof surface. The first sunlight with the hinge as a fulcrum until it communicates The first drive device for lifting the flannel frame and the surface of the second solar panel frame are in communication with the surface of the first solar panel frame in the same plane as the first roof surface. A second drive device that lifts the second solar panel mount with the hinge as a fulcrum; a memory that stores calendar information regarding sunrise time, south-south time, and sunset time at a place where the building is located; A control signal output unit that compares the current date and time with the calendar information, and outputs a control signal indicating the time at the sunrise time, south-central time, and sunset time of the day, the control signal, the first roof surface, Based on the direction facing the second roof surface, the first driving device is lifted or lowered by the first driving device and the second driving device is lifted by the second driving device. It is characterized by comprising: a gantry driving control unit that controls the descent.

The roof structure is a dormitory structure in which a gable structure is formed by the first roof surface and the second roof surface, or a pair of flat roofs are formed by the first roof surface and the second roof surface. It is characterized by that.

  The memory stores calendar information regarding the sunrise time, south-south time, and sunset time at the longitude and latitude of the place where the building is located.

  Further, the calendar information is a table relating to a sunrise time, a south / middle time, and a sunset time in units of four seasons, months, weeks, or days.

  Furthermore, a wind speed sensor is provided, and the gantry drive control unit stops the lifting operation of the first solar panel gantry or the second solar panel gantry when the wind speed sensor detects a wind speed of a predetermined value or more. The first driving device or the second driving device is controlled such that the first driving device or the second solar panel mounting is lowered when the first driving device or the second driving device is lowered when in the lifted state. It is characterized by controlling the driving device.

  Further, the solar radiation intensity detecting means is provided, and the gantry drive control unit is configured to stop the lifting operation of the first solar panel gantry or the second solar panel gantry when the solar radiation intensity is a predetermined value or less. 1 drive device or the 2nd drive device is controlled, and when it is in the lifted state, the first drive device or the second drive device is moved so that the first solar panel mount or the second solar panel mount is lowered. It is characterized by control.

  According to the photovoltaic roof according to the present invention, the upper part of the building is covered by a roof structure formed by combining two roof surfaces so that the cross section is triangular, and a gantry is provided along each roof surface. A large number of solar panels can be laid on the roof to store and support the solar panels with this stand, so that the solar panels do not block one light collection and efficient light collection is possible. Realized.

  In addition, since the two types of mounts arranged along each roof surface can be rotated by hinges provided along the ridges of the roof structure, one of the supports can be rotated according to the direction of sunlight. By connecting the surface in the same plane as the surface of the other gantry, the solar panel can condense sunlight with a double area to generate electric power.

  Moreover, in order to rotate the gantry according to the direction of the roof face and the sunrise time, south-central time, and sunset time of the day throughout the year, the solar panel is focused on sunlight in a double area. Thus, effective solar power generation can be performed without providing a complicated structure of the solar light tracking mechanism.

It is a figure which illustrates roughly the external appearance of the gabled building provided with the photovoltaic power generation roof concerning this invention with a perspective view. It is a figure which illustrates roughly the external appearance of the building of a dormitory structure provided with the photovoltaic power generation roof concerning this invention with a perspective view. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the photovoltaic power generation roof concerning this invention. It is a figure explaining the control structure of the photovoltaic power generation roof concerning this invention. It is a figure explaining the movement of the sun.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a building having a photovoltaic roof according to the present invention. The roof structure 2 has a first roof surface 2A and a second roof surface 2B for covering the upper part of the building 1, and the first roof surface 2A and the second roof surface 2B are respectively grounded from the top ridge. The cross-sections are inclined to both sides and are combined so as to have a triangular shape. FIG. 1 is a gable roof structure composed of only two surfaces, a first roof surface 2A and a second roof surface 2B.

  Above each of the first roof surface 2A and the second roof surface, a first solar panel mount 3A is disposed along the surface of the first roof surface 2A, and the second solar panel mount 3B is second. It is arrange | positioned along the surface of the roof surface 2B. The first solar panel base 3A and the second solar panel base 3B are connected on one side by a hinge 4 fixed in the longitudinal direction above the ridge, and can freely rotate about the hinge 4 as a fulcrum. It is configured.

  Each solar panel base 3A, 3B accommodates and arranges a solar panel 6 in which a large number of solar cells are arranged in a panel and interconnected. When a solar cell is spread on one side of a roof with a general size, the weight of the solar panel 6 is about 800 kg to 1 t. For this reason, the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B must have the strength corresponding to the rotation of the solar panel 6 while holding the solar panel 6, and the driving force applied when rotating is as small as possible. It is preferable that the weight is reduced so that the light wood plate is attached to a frame made of a metal material made of an aluminum alloy such as duralumin.

  When the roof structure is a dormitory structure shown in FIG. 2 that includes a pair of triangular roofs on the wife side and a pair of trapezoidal roofs on the flat side, the trapezoidal roofs are respectively the first roof surface 2A and the second roof. As the surface 2B, a first solar panel base 3A and a second solar panel base 3B are provided. The planar shapes of the first solar panel base 3A and the second solar panel base 3B may be trapezoidal in accordance with the planar shape of the roof surface in order to efficiently mount the solar panel 6.

  FIG. 3 illustrates the operation of the first solar panel base 3A and the second solar panel base 3B. Usually, the first solar panel base 3A and the second solar panel base 3B are respectively provided with the first roof. It exists in the closed state (state shown as a continuous line) where the surface 2A and the 2nd roof surface 2B and the mutual surface are facing.

  The driving device 5A urges the first solar panel gantry 3A to perform a lifting operation and a lowering operation, and the driving device 5B urges the second solar panel gantry 3B to perform a lifting operation and a lowering operation. These drive devices 5A and 5B are constituted by, for example, hydraulic jacks, and although not shown in detail, when the operation lever is urged by the reciprocating operation of the rack and pinion mechanism driven by the motor, the operation of the hydraulic jacks is performed. The part moves up and down to perform a lifting operation or a lowering operation.

  The drive device 5A lifts the first solar panel gantry 3A to a state (a state indicated by a dotted line A) communicating with the surface of the second solar panel gantry 3B in the closed state on the same plane. Then, the driving device 5B lifts the second solar panel gantry 3B to a state (a state indicated by a dotted line B) communicating with the surface of the first solar panel gantry 3A in the closed state on the same plane. At this time, in order to minimize the height at which the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B are lifted in order to reduce the size of the driving devices 5A and 5B, the inclination angle of the solar panel mounts is an angle in the range of 15 degrees to 20 degrees. It is preferable to set α. In this case, the inclination angles of the first roof surface 2A and the second roof surface 2B are also set to the angle α according to this.

  In addition, when the inclination angle of the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B is set to a range of 15 degrees to 20 degrees, when the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B are communicated on the same plane, The solar panel 6 is also preferable from the viewpoint of power generation efficiency because it condenses sunlight in a nearly vertical state.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the solar roof controller unit 10. The controller unit 10 includes a timer 11 for measuring the current date and time, a memory 12, a control signal output unit 13, a gantry drive control unit 14, and an input. The apparatus 15 is comprised.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the memory 12 stores calendar information relating to the sunrise time, the south-high time when the sun rises to the south, and the sunset time at the place where the building 1 is located. The calendar information is a table indicating the sunrise time, the south / central time, and the sunset time. This table shows the sunrise time, south-south time, and sunset time of the week for each weekly unit of the year, but it may be a detailed daily unit, or roughly a monthly unit or a seasonal unit every three months. . When the unit is set every three months, the months with the summer solstice, autumn solstice, winter solstice, and spring equinox days are divided into middle months.

  Such calendar information is sent from the input device 15 and stored in the memory 12, but a website that provides calendar information indicating the sunrise time, south-south time, and sunset time at the location of the building 1 is practical. It can be used. In this case, when longitude and latitude are input to the input device 15, the input device 15 accesses the central server 16 of the website that provides the calendar information, acquires the calendar information, and stores it in the memory 12.

  Further, by providing the input device 15 with a GPS receiver, the input device 15 calculates the longitude and latitude at which the building 1 is located when receiving the GPS radio wave, and transmits the calculated longitude and latitude information to the central server 16. As a result, calendar information relating to this position can be obtained and stored in the memory 12. Furthermore, the input device 15 may have a function of calculating calendar information based on longitude and latitude.

  Furthermore, the calendar information stored in the memory 12 is not based on the longitude and latitude at the location of the building 1, but the typical sunrise time for each prefecture or city where the building 1 is located, It may indicate the south / central time and sunset time. In this case, the name of the prefecture where the building 1 is located is input to the input device 15, or the name of the city set in advance in the input device 15 or the city name closest to the place is selected. Obtains the corresponding calendar information from the central server 16 or calculates it by itself and stores it in the memory 12.

  In this way, the input device 15 is configured to be connected only when setting the calendar information in order to collect the calendar information corresponding to the position of the building and store it in the memory 12 when the photovoltaic roof is installed. There may be.

  The control signal output unit 13 compares the current date and time information from the timer 11 with the calendar information stored in the memory 12 and sets the time every time the sunrise time, the south-middle time, and the sunset time of the day arrive. The control signals a, b, and c shown are output.

  The gantry drive control unit 14 receives and stores direction information facing the first roof surface 2A and the second roof surface 2B from the input device 15. And when the control signal which shows the sunrise time, the south middle time, and the sunset time is input from the control signal output part 13, it drives based on the direction which the 2nd roof surface 2A and the 2nd roof surface 2B face according to each signal. The operation of the device 5A and the driving device 5B is controlled.

  The operation of the photovoltaic power generation roof with the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5 show a building in which the first roof surface 2A faces east and the second roof surface 2B faces west, and the position of this building is previously stored in the memory 12 of the controller unit 10 by the input device 15. Stores calendar information in units of weeks indicating the sunrise time, south-south time, and sunset time.

  The control signal output unit 13 compares the current date and time in the timer 11 with the calendar information in the memory 12 and outputs the control signal a when detecting that the current time is the sunrise time of the current day.

  When the control signal a is input, the gantry drive control unit 14 operates the driving device 5A to lift the solar panel gantry 3A to the open state A position. As a result, the solar panel mount 3A and the solar panel mount 3B communicate with each other on the same plane in the east direction from the daylighting time to the south-central time as shown in FIG. It can generate electricity by collecting sunlight from the east at twice the area.

  Then, when the control signal output unit 13 detects that the current time is the south / central time of the current day by comparing the current date and time with the calendar information, the control signal output unit 13 outputs the control signal b.

  By the output of the control signal b, the gantry drive control unit 14 operates the driving device 5A so that the solar panel gantry 3A is lowered again to the closed position. At the same time, the driving device 5B is operated so as to lift the solar panel mount 3B to the position of the open state B. As a result, the solar panel mount 3B and the solar panel mount 3A communicate with each other on the same plane in the west direction. Even before the dead time, sunlight from the west can be collected and generated in a double area. However, in the time zone before and after the time including the South-China time, the sunlight is located in the vicinity of the South-South altitude S (refer to FIG. 5) facing southward. Regardless of whether the panel mount 3B faces east or west, the power generation amount does not change.

  When the control signal output unit 13 detects that the current time is the sunset time of the current day by comparing the current date and time with the calendar information, the control signal output unit 13 outputs the control signal c. By the output of the control signal c, the gantry drive control unit 14 operates the driving device 5B so as to lower the solar panel gantry 3B to the closed position again, so that the solar panel gantry 3A and the solar panel gantry 3B are The closed state is located along the surfaces of the first roof surface 2A and the second roof surface 2B, respectively.

  On the other hand, when the first roof surface 2A of the building 1 faces south and the second roof surface 2B faces north, the gantry drive control unit 14 opens the solar panel gantry 3B by inputting the control signal a throughout the year. It lifts to the position of the state B, and the solar panel mount 3B is lowered to the closed state by the input of the control signal c.

  When the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B are lifted, there is a risk that the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B may be blown by a strong wind or damaged due to a gap between the roof surfaces 2A and 2B. is there. In order to prevent this, between the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B and the roof surfaces 2A and 2B, it is preferable to cover the end surfaces on the open side with a canvas or a bellows type vinyl sheet. In addition, a support bar having a telescopic structure is provided between the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B and the roof surfaces 2A and 2B, and both ends of the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B and the roof surfaces 2A and 2B are provided. You may comprise so that it may each connect to.

  Further, for measures against strong winds, a wind speed sensor (not shown) is provided, and the gantry drive control unit 14 lifts the solar panel gantry 3A or the solar panel gantry 3B when the wind speed sensor detects a wind speed of a predetermined value or more. Control the driving device 5A or the driving device 5B so as to stop the operation, and if the solar panel gantry 3A or the solar panel gantry 3B is already in the lifted state, the driving device 5A or the driving device 5B is controlled to be lowered. It can be prevented in advance.

  Also, when the solar radiation intensity detecting means is provided and it is determined that sufficient solar radiation intensity necessary for power generation cannot be obtained on a cloudy or rainy day, the gantry drive control unit 14 is provided with the solar panel gantry 3A or the solar panel gantry. The drive device 5A or the drive device 5B may be controlled to stop the lifting operation of 3B, and may be configured to be lowered when the solar panel mount 3A or the solar panel mount 3B is in the lifted state. A normal illuminance sensor is used as the solar radiation intensity detecting means, but a monitor showing the amount of power generated when the solar panel 6 is installed can be substituted. When substituting with the power generation amount monitor, when the data indicating the power generation amount is below a predetermined level, the gantry drive control unit 14 stops lifting the solar panel gantry 3A or the solar panel gantry 3B and puts it in the lifted state. If there is, it is configured to descend.

  Thus, the photovoltaic power generation roof according to the present invention is provided with the solar panel mounts 3A and 3B that support the solar panel 6 along the roof surfaces 2A and 2B, and the sunrise time, the south-middle time, and the sunset time. Accordingly, the solar panels 3A and 3B are lifted or lowered to thereby efficiently direct the solar panels 6 toward the sun. Therefore, the maximum power generation effect is obtained when the roof structure by the roof surfaces 2A and 2B is gabled and one of the roof surfaces 2A faces east and the other faces west, but is not limited thereto. Various modifications are possible based on the spirit of the present invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

  The present invention is a solar power roof provided with a solar panel, which enables efficient power generation and has industrial applicability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Roof structure 2A 1st roof surface 2B 2nd roof surface 3A 1st solar panel mount 3B 2nd solar panel mount 4 Hinge 5A 1st drive device 5B 2nd drive device 6 Solar panel 12 Memory 13 Control signal output unit 14 Base drive control unit

Claims (7)

A roof structure that covers the upper part of the building by combining the first roof surface and the second roof surface so that the cross-section is triangular,
A first solar panel mount for supporting a solar panel provided along the first roof surface above the first roof surface;
A second solar panel mount for supporting a solar panel provided along the second roof surface above the second roof surface;
The first solar panel base and the second solar panel base are rotatably connected by being fixed in a longitudinal direction above a ridge where the first roof surface and the second roof surface are in contact with each other. A hinge,
The first sunlight with the hinge as a fulcrum until the surface of the first solar panel mount is in the same plane as the surface of the second solar panel mount in the state along the second roof surface. A first drive for lifting the panel mount;
The second solar light with the hinge as a fulcrum until the surface of the second solar panel base is in communication with the surface of the first solar panel base in a state along the first roof surface. A second drive for lifting the panel mount;
A memory that stores calendar information regarding the sunrise time, south-south time, and sunset time at the place where the building is located;
A control signal output unit that compares the current date and time with the calendar information, and outputs a control signal indicating the time at the sunrise time, south-central time, and sunset time of the day;
Based on the direction in which the control signal and the first roof surface and the second roof surface face, the first drive panel is lifted or lowered by the first drive device, and the second drive device is used to raise or lower the first solar panel mount. 2 platform drive control unit for controlling the lifting or lowering of the solar panel platform;
With solar power roof.   The photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, wherein the roof structure forms a gable structure with the first roof surface and the second roof surface.   The photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, wherein the roof structure is a dormitory structure in which a pair of flat roofs are formed by the first roof surface and the second roof surface.   2. The photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, wherein the memory stores calendar information relating to a sunrise time, a south-central time, and a sunset time at the longitude and latitude of the place where the building is located. .   2. The photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, wherein the calendar information is a table relating to a sunrise time, a south-central time, and a sunset time in units of four seasons, months, weeks, or days.   The gantry drive control unit includes a wind speed sensor, and when the wind speed sensor detects a wind speed of a predetermined value or more, the gantry drive control unit stops the lifting operation of the first solar panel gantry or the second solar panel gantry. The first drive device or the second drive device is controlled so as to lower the first solar panel mount or the second solar panel mount when the first drive device or the second drive device is in a lifted state. The solar power roof according to claim 1, wherein the solar power roof is controlled.   The gantry drive control unit includes a solar radiation intensity detecting unit, and the gantry drive control unit stops the lifting operation of the first solar panel gantry or the second solar panel gantry when the solar radiation intensity is a predetermined value or less. The device or the second drive device is controlled, and the first drive device or the second drive device is controlled so as to lower the first solar panel mount or the second solar panel mount when the device is in the lifted state. The photovoltaic roof according to claim 1.

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