JP2014036940A - Waste liquid treatment method - Google Patents

Waste liquid treatment method Download PDF

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JP2014036940A
JP2014036940A JP2012181361A JP2012181361A JP2014036940A JP 2014036940 A JP2014036940 A JP 2014036940A JP 2012181361 A JP2012181361 A JP 2012181361A JP 2012181361 A JP2012181361 A JP 2012181361A JP 2014036940 A JP2014036940 A JP 2014036940A
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charcoal
waste liquid
waste
induction heating
treatment method
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Shinichi Nakamura
信一 中村
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Omega Inc
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Omega Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste liquid treatment method capable of more effective utilization of wastes such as plastic waste than conventional methods.SOLUTION: A waste liquid treatment method includes a step for subjecting wastes such as plastic waste to heat decomposition by induction heating to obtain charcoal, a step for introducing waste liquid into a storage tank 2 of the charcoal for the charcoal to adsorb contaminants in the waste liquid, and a step for heating the charcoal by induction heating to subject the contaminants to heat decomposition, wherein the charcoal having the contaminants heat-decomposed is sent back to the storage tank 2. The charcoal is heated by induction heating (for example, heated up to 900°C or higher) to have the contaminants (such as organic components) heat-decomposed and the charcoal thus deprived of the contaminants is sent back to the storage tank. The charcoal is thus reactivated (recycled) and repeatedly used for cleaning waste liquid.

Description

この発明は、特に高濃度の廃液に有用な廃液処理方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a waste liquid treatment method particularly useful for a high concentration waste liquid.

従来、被処理汚泥を熱分解炭化処理して熱分解ガス及び炭化物を生成する熱分解処理方法及び熱分解処理システムに関する提案があった（特許文献１）。
すなわち、近年、多量に排出されるプラスチックを始めとする廃棄物に対し所定の処理を施して資源として利用する各種の手法の提案がなされている。特に、ＣＯ２排出量を低減する観点から、化石燃料の代替エネルギーとして、カーボンニュートラルであるバイオマスが注目されている。その一例として、バイオマス（木材、汚泥、家畜糞尿、生ゴミ等）や廃プラスチック等の有機物処理材料を熱分解処理して、熱分解ガスと熱分解残渣とを生成し、熱分解ガスは凝縮することにより熱分解油として回収し、残渣は所定の処理をすることにより炭化物として利用するシステムが考えられている。
この中でも、有機物処理材料として廃プラスチックを用いると、高効率で熱分解油を回収できるので、このような廃プラスチックを熱分解油化処理する装置に関しては多くの提案がなされ、実用化している。
一方、下水処理場や食品工場などから大量に発生する汚泥はバイオマスの一つであるが、大半が埋め立て処理あるいは焼却処理されており、エネルギーの有効利用がされていないのが実情である。そこで、ＣＯ２排出量を抑制するために、すなわち、化石燃料の使用を抑制するために、安定した収集量が見込める下水汚泥などを、炭化処理により固体燃料化して、石炭火力発電用の燃料にするシステムが考えられている。
汚泥を焼却処理する場合は、汚泥の発熱量を全て焼却熱に使えるので助燃料の使用量は少ないが、汚泥を炭化処理する場合は、炭化物に熱量を残すために炭化処理する為の助燃料の使用量が多くなる。この為、助燃料として化石燃料の使用を抑制することを目的に木質系バイオマスを使用することが提案されている。
上記提案で記載されている技術では、炭化炉での炭化処理で汚泥から発生する熱分解ガスに木質系バイオマスから発生する熱分解ガスが加わることで、熱分解ガスを燃料として燃焼機関を運転し、汚泥を炭化処理するのに必要なエネルギーを得ることができる。
しかし、この文献に記載の技術では廃プラスチックなどの廃材の有効利用がなかなかうまく出来ないという問題があった。
特開２００８−２４８１６１号公報 Conventionally, there has been a proposal relating to a thermal decomposition treatment method and a thermal decomposition treatment system for producing a pyrolysis gas and carbide by subjecting a treated sludge to pyrolysis carbonization (Patent Document 1).
That is, in recent years, various methods have been proposed for applying predetermined processing to wastes such as plastics discharged in large quantities and using them as resources. In particular, from the viewpoint of reducing CO 2 emissions, carbon neutral biomass has attracted attention as an alternative energy for fossil fuels. As an example of this, organic materials such as biomass (wood, sludge, livestock manure, garbage, etc.) and waste plastics are pyrolyzed to produce pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue, and the pyrolysis gas is condensed. Therefore, a system has been considered in which it is recovered as pyrolysis oil and the residue is used as a carbide by performing a predetermined treatment.
Among these, when waste plastic is used as the organic material treatment material, pyrolyzed oil can be recovered with high efficiency. Therefore, many proposals have been made and put to practical use regarding an apparatus for pyrolyzing oil into such waste plastic.
On the other hand, sludge generated in large quantities from sewage treatment plants and food factories is one of the biomass, but most of it is landfilled or incinerated, and the actual situation is that energy is not effectively used. Therefore, in order to suppress CO 2 emissions, that is, to suppress the use of fossil fuels, sewage sludge, etc. that can be collected in a stable manner, is converted into solid fuel by carbonization and used as fuel for coal-fired power generation. The system to do is considered.
When incinerating sludge, the amount of heat generated from sludge can be used for incineration heat, so the amount of auxiliary fuel used is small. However, when sludge is carbonized, auxiliary fuel for carbonizing to leave the heat in the carbide. The amount of use increases. For this reason, it has been proposed to use woody biomass for the purpose of suppressing the use of fossil fuel as auxiliary fuel.
In the technology described in the above proposal, the pyrolysis gas generated from the woody biomass is added to the pyrolysis gas generated from the sludge in the carbonization treatment in the carbonization furnace, thereby operating the combustion engine using the pyrolysis gas as fuel. The energy required for carbonizing sludge can be obtained.
However, the technique described in this document has a problem that it is difficult to effectively use waste materials such as waste plastic.
JP 2008-248161 A

そこでこの発明は、廃プラスチックなどの廃材の有効利用が従来よりもうまく出来る廃液処理方法を提供しようとするものである。   In view of this, the present invention is intended to provide a waste liquid treatment method capable of effectively using waste materials such as waste plastics as compared with the prior art.

前記課題を解決するためこの発明では次のような技術的手段を講じている。
(１)この発明の廃液処理方法は、廃プラスチックなどの廃材を誘導加熱により熱分解させて炭を得る工程と、前記炭の貯留槽に廃液を及ぼして含有される汚れ成分を吸着させる工程と、前記炭を誘導加熱により昇温して汚れ成分を熱分解させる工程とを有し、汚れ成分を熱分解させた前記炭を再び貯留槽に供給するようにしたことを特徴とする。
このように構成すると、廃プラスチックなどの（有機系）廃材を誘導加熱（例えば900℃以上に加熱）により熱分解させて炭を得る工程を有するので、廃材を廃液処理に有効利用することが出来る。廃材として廃プラスチックの他に、材木、糸くず、ヤシがらなどの炭化可能なものを例示することが出来る。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.
(1) The waste liquid treatment method of the present invention includes a step of thermally decomposing waste materials such as waste plastic by induction heating to obtain charcoal, and a step of applying waste liquid to the charcoal storage tank to adsorb dirt components contained therein. And heating the charcoal by induction heating to thermally decompose the soil component, and supplying the charcoal having the soil component pyrolyzed again to the storage tank.
If comprised in this way, since it has the process of thermally decomposing (organic type) waste materials, such as a waste plastic, by induction heating (for example, heating to 900 degreeC or more) and obtaining charcoal, waste materials can be used effectively for waste liquid processing. . In addition to waste plastic, examples of the waste material include carbonizable materials such as timber, waste thread, and palm.

また、前記炭の貯留槽に廃液（高濃度の廃液に好適に適用できる）を及ぼして汚れ成分（有機成分など）を（炭のポーラスな孔部の隙間に）吸着させる工程を有するので、炭に吸着された分、廃液の汚れ指標（例えばＣＯＤ、ＴＯＣなど）を低減することができる。
さらに、前記炭を誘導加熱（例えば900℃以上に加熱）により昇温して汚れ成分（有機成分など）を熱分解させる工程を有し、汚れ成分を熱分解させた前記炭を再び貯留槽に供給するようにしたので、炭を再生（リサイクル）して廃液の浄化に繰り返し利用することが出来る。
ここで、前記各工程は必ずしも連続的に行われる必要はなく、たとえ断続的であっても実質的に有機的な連携関係にあれば足りる。 In addition, since there is a step of applying a waste liquid (suitably applicable to a high concentration waste liquid) to the charcoal storage tank to adsorb dirt components (such as organic components) (in the gaps between the porous pores of the charcoal) The amount of dirt index (for example, COD, TOC, etc.) of the waste liquid can be reduced by the amount adsorbed on the surface.
Furthermore, it has a process of raising the temperature of the charcoal by induction heating (for example, heating to 900 ° C. or more) and thermally decomposing the soil components (organic components, etc.), Since it was made to supply, charcoal can be regenerated (recycled) and used repeatedly for purification of waste liquid.
Here, the steps do not necessarily have to be performed continuously, and even if they are intermittent, it is only necessary to have a substantially organic cooperative relationship.

(２) 前記炭を燃料炭に用いるようにしてもよい。このように構成すると、廃液処理に利用した炭を最終的に燃料・動力源として有効活用することが出来る。 (2) The charcoal may be used as fuel charcoal. If comprised in this way, the charcoal utilized for waste-liquid processing can be effectively utilized finally as a fuel and a motive power source.

（３）前記廃液の処理後に電気分解によって浄化する工程を有するようにしてもよい。このように構成すると、廃液の処理後にその汚れ指標（例えばＣＯＤ、ＴＯＣなど）が低減された状態で電気分解（有効塩素ＨＯＣｌや活性酸素・ＯＨなどの酸化物質が生成）よってより高度に浄化することが出来る。 (3) You may make it have the process refine | purified by the electrolysis after the process of the said waste liquid. If comprised in this way, it will purify | clean more highly by electrolysis (production | generation of oxidation substances, such as effective chlorine HOCl, active oxygen, and OH), in the state which the dirt parameter | index (for example, COD, TOC, etc.) reduced after the waste liquid process. I can do it.

この発明は上述のような構成であり、次の効果を有する。
廃材由来の炭を再生（リサイクル）して廃液の浄化に繰り返し利用することが出来るので、廃プラスチックなどの廃材の有効利用が従来よりもうまく出来る廃液処理方法を提供することが出来る。 The present invention is configured as described above and has the following effects.
Since the charcoal derived from the waste material can be regenerated (recycled) and repeatedly used for the purification of the waste liquid, a waste liquid treatment method that can effectively use the waste material such as waste plastic can be provided.

以下、この発明の実施の形態を説明する。
図１に示すように、この実施形態の廃液処理方法は、廃プラスチックなどの有機系廃材をロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１で誘導加熱により熱分解させて炭（この実施形態では活性炭）を得る工程と、炭の貯留槽２（活性炭濾過槽）に廃液（高濃度の廃液に好適に適用できる）を及ぼして含有される汚れ成分（有機成分など）を吸着させる工程と、前記炭をロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１で誘導加熱により昇温して汚れ成分を熱分解させる工程とを有し、汚れ成分を熱分解させた前記炭を再び貯留槽２（活性炭濾過槽）に供給するようにした。
ここで、前記各工程は必ずしも連続的に行われる必要はなく、たとえ断続的であっても実質的に有機的な連携関係にあれば足りる。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
As shown in FIG. 1, the waste liquid treatment method of this embodiment is a process of obtaining charcoal (activated carbon in this embodiment) by thermally decomposing organic waste material such as waste plastic by induction heating in a rotary kiln type activated carbonization regenerator 1. And a step of applying a waste liquid (suitably applicable to a high concentration waste liquid) to the charcoal storage tank 2 (activated carbon filtration tank) to adsorb dirt components (such as organic components) contained therein, and the charcoal to a rotary kiln activated carbon And the step of thermally decomposing the soil component by induction heating in the catalytic regenerator 1, and the charcoal obtained by thermally decomposing the soil component is again supplied to the storage tank 2 (activated carbon filtration tank).
Here, the steps do not necessarily have to be performed continuously, and even if they are intermittent, it is only necessary to have a substantially organic cooperative relationship.

前記廃液として汚れ成分の濃度が濃いもの、具体的にはＣＯＤやＴＯＣの数値が高いものに好適に利用できる。また、前記廃液の処理後に電気分解によって浄化する工程を有するようにした（図示せず）。   The waste liquid can be suitably used for those having a high concentration of dirt components, specifically, those having high values of COD and TOC. Further, a step of purifying by electrolysis after the treatment of the waste liquid is provided (not shown).

具体的にシステム・フローに沿って説明すると、先ず処理すべき廃液を廃液受入槽３に注入しておく。この廃液受入槽３から廃液をポンプＰで活性炭濾過槽２へと下方から供給して浄化し、上方から排水貯留槽４へと排出する。活性炭濾過槽２には、廃材を誘導加熱により熱分解させてなる活性炭を予め供給しておく。そして、活性炭濾過槽２で、廃液中の汚れ成分を活性炭に吸着させる。この活性炭濾過槽２には、モータMにより回転駆動されるフィーダー５が貫通して配設されている。浄化後の廃液は排水貯留槽４に溜めていき、その後排出し、電気分解によってより高度に浄化するようにしている（図示せず）。
前記活性炭が経時的に汚れてくると、前記活性炭濾過槽２のフィーダー５が回転駆動されてロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１へと供給される。ロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１では内筒が誘導加熱より900℃以上に加熱されつつモータＭにより回転駆動され、活性炭に吸着した汚れ成分が熱分解されつつ図示の右方向へと移動せしめられていく。また、活性炭に吸着された廃液中の汚れ成分も、同様に熱分解されて炭化せしめられる。ロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１の外周には純水６が循環せしめられており、その外表面を冷却するようにしている。 More specifically, according to the system flow, first, the waste liquid to be treated is poured into the waste liquid receiving tank 3. From the waste liquid receiving tank 3, the waste liquid is supplied to the activated carbon filtration tank 2 from below by the pump P to be purified, and discharged from above to the drainage storage tank 4. Activated carbon obtained by thermally decomposing waste materials by induction heating is supplied to the activated carbon filtration tank 2 in advance. And the activated carbon filtration tank 2 makes the activated carbon adsorb | suck the dirt component in a waste liquid. The activated carbon filtration tank 2 is provided with a feeder 5 that is driven to rotate by a motor M. The waste liquid after purification is stored in the drainage storage tank 4 and then discharged and purified to a higher degree by electrolysis (not shown).
When the activated carbon becomes dirty over time, the feeder 5 of the activated carbon filtration tank 2 is rotationally driven and supplied to the rotary kiln activated carbonization regenerator 1. In the rotary kiln activated carbonization regenerator 1, the inner cylinder is driven to rotate by a motor M while being heated to 900 ° C. or more by induction heating, and the dirt component adsorbed on the activated carbon is moved to the right in the figure while being thermally decomposed. . In addition, the dirt component in the waste liquid adsorbed on the activated carbon is also thermally decomposed and carbonized. Pure water 6 is circulated around the outer periphery of the rotary kiln-type activated carbonization regenerator 1, and its outer surface is cooled.

ロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１の排出口の上方には、誘導加熱式のアフターバーニング装置７を配置しており、前記炭化装置で未燃焼のガスを誘導加熱によって900℃以上に加熱して、より完全に燃焼させるようにしている。ロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１の排出口の下方に、再生した活性炭が落下するようにしている。再生した活性炭は、必要に応じて再び活性炭濾過槽２に供給する。
前記アフターバーニング装置７通過後の排気は、電解スクラバー装置８に導いてさらに清浄度を向上させて大気中に排出するようにしている。電解スクラバー装置8内の洗浄水はポンプＰで、電解装置９との間を循環して浄化するようにしている。 An induction heating type afterburning device 7 is arranged above the discharge port of the rotary kiln activated carbonization regenerator 1, and the unburned gas is heated to 900 ° C. or more by induction heating in the carbonization device. It is made to burn completely. The regenerated activated carbon falls below the outlet of the rotary kiln activated carbonization regenerator 1. The regenerated activated carbon is supplied again to the activated carbon filtration tank 2 as necessary.
The exhaust gas after passing through the afterburning device 7 is guided to the electrolytic scrubber device 8 to be further improved in cleanliness and discharged into the atmosphere. The washing water in the electrolytic scrubber device 8 is circulated between the electrolytic device 9 and purified by the pump P.

次に、この実施形態の廃液処理方法使用状態を説明する。
この廃液処理方法では、廃プラスチックなどの有機系廃材をロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１で誘導加熱により熱分解させて炭（活性炭）を得る工程を有するので、廃材を廃液処理に有効利用することが出来る。
また、前記炭の貯留槽２に廃液を及ぼして汚れ成分を炭のポーラスな孔部の隙間に吸着させる工程を有するので、炭に吸着された分、廃液の汚れ指標（例えばＣＯＤ、ＴＯＣなど）を低減することができる。 Next, the usage state of the waste liquid treatment method of this embodiment will be described.
This waste liquid treatment method includes a step of obtaining charcoal (activated carbon) by thermally decomposing organic waste materials such as waste plastics by induction heating in the rotary kiln activated carbonization regenerator 1, so that the waste materials can be effectively used for waste liquid treatment. I can do it.
In addition, since there is a step of applying waste liquid to the charcoal storage tank 2 to adsorb dirt components in the gaps between the porous holes of the charcoal, the waste liquid dirt index (for example, COD, TOC, etc.) Can be reduced.

さらに、前記炭をロータリーキルン式活性炭化再生装置１で誘導加熱により昇温して汚れ成分（有機成分など）を熱分解させる工程を有し、汚れ成分を熱分解させた前記炭を再び貯留槽２に供給するようにしたので、炭を再生（リサイクル）して廃液の浄化に繰り返し利用することができ、廃プラスチックなどの廃材の有効利用が従来よりもうまく出来るという利点を有する。   Furthermore, it has the process of heating up the said charcoal by induction heating with the rotary kiln type activated carbon regenerator 1 and thermally decomposing the soil components (organic components, etc.), and again storing the charcoal that has thermally decomposed the soil components. Therefore, the charcoal can be regenerated (recycled) and used repeatedly for the purification of waste liquid, and there is an advantage that waste materials such as waste plastic can be effectively used more effectively than before.

また、前記炭をその後燃料炭に用いるようにすると、廃液処理に利用した炭を最終的に燃料・動力源として有効活用することが出来るという利点を有する。
さらに、前記廃液の処理後に電気分解によって浄化する工程を有するようにしたので（図示せず）、廃液の処理後にその汚れ指標（例えばＣＯＤ、ＴＯＣなど）が低減された状態で電気分解（有効塩素ＨＯＣｌや活性酸素・ＯＨなどの酸化物質が生成）よってより高度に浄化することが出来るという利点を有する。 Further, if the charcoal is used as fuel charcoal thereafter, there is an advantage that the charcoal used for the waste liquid treatment can be finally effectively used as a fuel / power source.
Furthermore, since it has a process of purifying by electrolysis after the treatment of the waste liquid (not shown), the electrolysis (effective chlorine) is performed after the waste liquid has been treated with its dirt index (for example, COD, TOC, etc.) reduced. This has the advantage that it can be purified to a higher degree by the generation of oxidizing substances such as HOCl and active oxygen / OH.

廃材由来の炭を再生（リサイクル）して廃液の浄化に繰り返し利用することが出来るので、廃プラスチックなどの廃材の有効利用が従来よりもうまく出来ることによって、種々の廃液処理方法の用途に適用することができる。   Since charcoal derived from waste materials can be recycled (recycled) and reused for purification of waste liquid, it can be applied to various waste liquid treatment methods by using waste materials such as waste plastic more effectively than before. be able to.

この発明の廃液処理方法の実施形態を説明するシステム・フロー図。The system flow figure explaining embodiment of the waste-liquid processing method of this invention.

２ 貯留槽   2 Reservoir

Claims (3)

廃プラスチックなどの廃材を誘導加熱により熱分解させて炭を得る工程と、前記炭の貯留槽（２）に廃液を及ぼして含有される汚れ成分を吸着させる工程と、前記炭を誘導加熱により昇温して汚れ成分を熱分解させる工程とを有し、汚れ成分を熱分解させた前記炭を再び貯留槽（２）に供給するようにしたことを特徴とする廃液処理方法。   A step of thermally decomposing waste materials such as waste plastic by induction heating to obtain charcoal, a step of applying waste liquid to the charcoal storage tank (2) to adsorb dirt components contained therein, and a step of raising the charcoal by induction heating And a process for thermally decomposing the soil component, and supplying the charcoal obtained by thermally decomposing the soil component to the storage tank (2) again. 前記炭を燃料炭に用いるようにした請求項１記載の廃液処理方法。   The waste liquid treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the charcoal is used as fuel charcoal. 前記廃液の処理後に電気分解によって浄化する工程を有する請求項１又は２記載の廃液処理方法。   The waste liquid treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of purifying by electrolysis after the treatment of the waste liquid.
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JP2016019933A (en) * 2014-07-14 2016-02-04 株式会社オメガ Drainage treatment unit and treatment method
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