JP2014025618A - Heat exchanger and installation method for tube support plates of heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchanger that is installed in a state that flatness and positional accuracy are secured at the time of installation of a plurality of tube support plates, and further to provide an installation method for the plurality of tube support plates thereof.SOLUTION: A heat exchanger comprises: tube plates 2 for supporting end portions of a plurality of heat transfer tubes 3; a plurality of tube support plates 4 disposed in parallel to the tube plates 2; and a stay rods 5 for holding intervals among the tube plates 2 and the plurality of tube support plates 4 and intervals among tube support plates 4 and 4 adjacent to one another. Fastening rods 6 that are inserted through heat transfer tube insertion holes 2a of the tube plates 2, are added by additional ones and fix the tube support plates 4 in parallel with intervals of a length of the stay rod 5. Rod engagement portions 4b are formed on heat transfer tube insertion holes 4a into which the fastening rods 6 of the tube support plates 4 positioned far off are inserted. Arrowhead-shaped engagement portions 6b that engage with the rod engagement portions 4b of the tube support plates 4 by twisting the fastening rods 6 in states that the fastening rods 6 pass through the heat transfer tube insertion holes 4a of the tube support plates 4 are formed on the fastening rods 6. Thread portions 6c through which nuts 9 are screwed are formed on base ends of the fastening rods 6.

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a heat exchanger used as a steam generator that generates steam using heat from a heat source and a method for installing a tube support plate of the heat exchanger.

  As a heat exchanger as described above, for example, there is a steam generator described in Patent Document 1. This steam generator includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes, a tube plate, and a tube support plate inside an outer shell having a hollow cylindrical shape.

  The tube sheet is located at the end of the outer shell, and has a plurality of heat transfer tube insertion holes for fixing the end of the heat transfer tube. On the other hand, the tube support plate supports an intermediate portion of the heat transfer tube, and has a plurality of heat transfer tube insertion holes, like the tube plate, and is disposed in parallel with the tube plate in the outer shell.

  In this steam generator, a stay rod is usually disposed between a tube plate and a tube support plate facing the tube plate, and a stay rod is also disposed between adjacent tube support plates so that the tube plate and the tube support plate are opposed to each other. The interval between the tube support plates to be used and the interval between the adjacent tube support plates are ensured.

  The plurality of tube support plates are sequentially inserted into the outer shell from the opposite side of the tube plate, and the tube support plate closest to the tube plate (the deepest side) is a stay rod previously attached to the tube plate. Positioning is performed. The second and subsequent tube support plates are sandwiched between the stay rod and the next stay rod joined to the stay rod, so that the positioning is performed sequentially.

JP 2010-197096

  Conventionally, as described above, a plurality of tube support plates are positioned by sandwiching the tube support plates between the stay rods while adding the stay rods. In many cases, the tightening torque between the stay rods is often limited. For example, if the tube support plate is sandwiched between the stay rods to be added, the tube support plate has a diameter of about 4 m and a thickness of about 30 mm. In the case of a plate, there is a problem that it may not be possible to correct the bending tolerance due to the weight of the tube support plate, and the geometrical tolerance such as the determined flatness may not be protected. It has become an issue.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described conventional problems, and at the time of installing a plurality of tube support plates, the deflection due to the weight of the tube support plates is easily and reliably corrected, and as a result, the flatness and It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger having a plurality of tube support plates installed in a state where positional accuracy is ensured, and a method for installing the tube support plates of the heat exchanger.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes, a tube plate that supports end portions of these heat transfer tubes, and the heat transfer tubes arranged in parallel with the tube plates. A plurality of tube support plates that support the intermediate portion of the tube plate, and are attached to the tube plate and sequentially added to maintain the interval between the tube plate and the tube support plate facing the tube plate, and the interval between adjacent tube support plates. In the heat exchanger provided with the stay rod, the plurality of the heat transfer tube insertion holes formed in the tube plate are repeatedly inserted from the opposite side of the tube support plate to the tube support plate. A clamp rod for fixing the tube support plates in parallel with each other at an interval corresponding to the length of the stay rod is provided, and the tip of the clamp rod in the tube support plate located farthest from the tube plate In the heat transfer tube insertion hole through which A locking portion is formed, and at the tip of the clamping rod, the clamping rod itself is twisted while passing through a heat transfer tube insertion hole of the tube support plate located farthest from the tube plate A support plate locking portion that locks with the rod locking portion of the tube support plate is formed at the base end of the clamping rod that is located on the opposite side of the tube support plate from the tube plate. The screw portion into which the nut is screwed is formed, and the heat exchanger having this configuration is used as a means for solving the conventional problems described above.

  Further, in the heat exchanger according to claim 2 of the present invention, there is a support plate protection between the tube support plate located farthest from the tube plate and a support plate locking portion at the tip of the clamping rod. A washer is disposed, and a rod insertion hole through which the tip of the clamping rod of the support plate protection washer is inserted has a washer side rod locking portion. Since the support plate locking portion does not directly touch the tube support plate, the tube support plate is prevented from being damaged by the support plate locking portion.

  Furthermore, in the heat exchanger according to claim 3 of the present invention, the support plate protection washer has a plurality of rod insertion holes through which the tips of a plurality of clamping rods close to each other are inserted, In this case, it is not necessary to individually provide a protective washer at each end of the plurality of tightening rods, and labor time is reduced.

  On the other hand, in the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention, when installing the tube support plate of the heat exchanger according to claim 1, a tube support plate in which a stay rod is fixed to the tube plate and arranged opposite to the tube plate. While twisting the stay rod against the stay rod, twisting the clamping rod that has passed through the tube plate and the tube support plate in sequence, and a support plate locking portion of the clamping rod and a rod locking portion of the tube support plate Are fastened together, and a nut is screwed into the threaded portion of the base end of the tightening rod to fix the tube support plate disposed opposite to the tube plate. Thereafter, a predetermined number of tube support plates are installed. Until this is done, the stay rod is added, the nut is removed once, the extension rod is added to the clamping rod, and the support plate locking portion of the clamping rod is engaged with the rod locking portion of the next tube support plate. And the proximal end of the extension rod It is configured to repeat the screwing of the nut relative to Flip portion.

  In the heat exchanger according to the present invention, when the tube support plate is installed, the stay rod is first fixed to the tube plate. Next, a clamping rod is inserted into the transmission tube insertion hole of the tube plate while a tube support plate disposed opposite to the tube plate is applied to the distal end portion of the fixed stay rod, and the distal end portion penetrates the tube support plate. Push in until

  Next, by twisting the tightening rod, the support plate locking portion of the tightening rod is locked to the rod locking portion of the transmission tube insertion hole of the tube support plate, and subsequently protruding from the tube plate. By screwing a nut into the threaded portion of the proximal end of the tightening rod, fixing of the tube support plate closest to the tube plate is completed.

  Next, after connecting the stay rod for securing the distance from the next tube support plate to the stay rod fixed to the tube plate, remove the nut from the screw part of the tightening rod, and add and push in the additional rod. .

  Then, while the next tube support plate is applied to the stay rod, the support plate locking portion of the tightening rod that reaches the vicinity of the installation position of the next tube support plate and protrudes from the transmission tube insertion hole is inserted into the rod of the tube support plate. Next, the nut is screwed into the threaded portion at the proximal end of the clamping rod protruding from the tube plate, and the second tube support plate and tube plate are counted from the tube plate. Fixing with the nearest tube support plate is complete.

  After that, until the planned number of tube support plates are fixed, stay rods are added, nuts are removed, extension rods are added to tightening rods, the next tube support plate set and extension rod screws are added. Repeat the screwing of the nut into the part.

  At this time, a compressive force is applied to the stay rod that holds the interval between the tube plate and the tube support plate opposite to the tube plate and the interval between the adjacent tube support plates, while a tensile force is applied to the clamping rod. The bending due to the weight of the tube support plate is reliably corrected, and the flatness and position accuracy of the tube support plate are ensured.

  Thus, when installing the tube support plate, the nut is screwed into the fastening rod only on the tube plate side, so that the installation operation is facilitated.

  Since the heat exchanger according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, the bending of the tube support plate due to its own weight is easily and reliably corrected when the plurality of tube support plates are installed. However, it is possible to obtain a very excellent effect that each flatness and positional accuracy are secured.

It is a fragmentary perspective explanatory view which shows a part of heat exchanger by one Example of this invention in a cross section. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view showing in detail a tube support plate installation structure in the vicinity of the tube plate in the heat exchanger of FIG. 1. It is a fragmentary sectional explanatory view at the time of insertion of a clamp rod which shows the installation point of a tube support plate in the heat exchanger of FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory perspective view of the vicinity of a distal end portion of a tightening rod when the state of FIG. 3 is viewed from the tube support plate side. FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view showing in detail the relationship between a ring-shaped washer and a clamping rod when the situation of FIG. 3 is viewed from the tube support plate side. Enlarged explanatory view (a) showing a situation in which the tip of the tightening rod is inserted into the rod insertion hole of the ring washer, and a situation in which the barbed engagement portion of the tightening rod is engaged with the rod engagement portion of the rod insertion hole. It is an enlarged explanatory view (b) shown. FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view of the vicinity of a threaded portion of a proximal end of a tightening rod when the state of FIG. 3 is viewed from the tube sheet side. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view showing a state in which the first tube support plate is installed through the state of FIG. 3. It is a fragmentary sectional explanatory view at the time of the addition rod insertion showing the installation point of the 2nd pipe support plate. It is a partial cross section explanatory drawing at the time of pushing in the extension rod which shows the installation point of the 2nd pipe support plate. It is a partial cross section explanatory view of the situation where the ring washer which showed the installation point of the 2nd pipe support plate was once removed from the clamping rod. It is a fragmentary sectional explanatory view which shows the condition which attaches the ring-shaped washer at the time of installing the 2nd pipe | tube support plate to a clamping rod again.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1-12 has shown one Example of the installation method of the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention, and the pipe | tube support plate of a heat exchanger, In this Example, the case where a heat exchanger is a steam generator is shown as an example. Will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the steam generator 1 accommodates a plurality of heat transfer tubes 3, a tube plate 2, and a tube support plate 4 inside an outer shell 1 a having a hollow cylindrical shape. .

  The tube sheet 2 is located at the end of the outer shell 1 a and has a plurality of heat transfer tube insertion holes 2 a for fixing the end of the heat transfer tube 3. On the other hand, the tube support plate 4 supports an intermediate portion of the heat transfer tube 3, and has a plurality of heat transfer tube insertion holes 4a in the same manner as the tube plate 2, and in parallel with the tube plate 2 in the outer shell 1a. Multiple sheets are arranged.

  In this steam generator 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the stay rod 5 is disposed between the tube plate 2 and the tube support plate 4 facing the tube plate 2, and between the tube support plates 4 and 4 adjacent to each other. In addition, by arranging the stay rods 5, the interval between the tube plate 2 and the tube support plate 4 opposed to the tube plate 2 and the interval between the adjacent tube support plates 4 and 4 are ensured.

  In the steam generator 1, when the tube support plate 4 is installed in the outer shell 1a, the tube plate 2 is opposite to the tube support plate 4 with respect to the heat transfer tube insertion hole 2a (see FIG. 2), the tube support plate 4 is fixed at an interval corresponding to the length of the stay rod 5, and the additional rod 6A is added each time the number of the tube support plates 4 increases. The length of the tightening rod 6 is extended by repeating the addition of the above.

  In this case, a ring washer 7 is disposed adjacent to the tube support plate 4 located far from the tube plate 2, and as will be described later, each arrowhead of the plurality of tightening rods 6 is attached to the ring washer 7. The nut 9 is screwed into the threaded portion 6c at the proximal end of the tightening rod 6 located on the tube plate 2 side via the tube plate protection washer 8 while the shaped locking portion 6b is locked.

Therefore, the attachment procedure of the pipe support plate 4 of the steam generator 1 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 3, the screw portion 5 d at the base end of the stay rod 5 is screwed into the screw hole 2 b of the tube plate 2 and fixed.

  Next, the transfer tube insertion of the tube plate 2 is performed while the rod receiver 4d of the stay rod connection hole 4c of the tube support plate 4 disposed opposite to the tube plate 2 is applied to the shoulder 5b of the distal end portion 5a of the fixed stay rod 5. The tightening rod 6 is inserted into the hole 2a and pushed in until the tip 6a of the tightening rod 6 reaches the tube support plate 4 as shown in FIG.

  Here, as shown also in FIG. 5, an arrowhead-like locking portion 6 b is formed at the distal end portion 6 a of the clamping rod 6, while adjacent to the transmission tube insertion hole 4 a of the tube support plate 4 and the tube support plate 4. Each of the plurality of rod insertion holes 7a of the ring-shaped washer 7 has an arrowhead shape, and these transmission pipe insertion holes 4a and the arrowhead-like locking portions 6b of the tightening rod 6 that have passed through the rod insertion holes 7a. Is twisted (by changing from the state shown in FIG. 6A to the state shown in FIG. 6B), the barbed engagement portion 6b of the tightening rod 6 is inserted into the rod insertion hole of the ring washer 7. The washer side rod locking portion 7b formed on 7a is locked.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a ring-shaped tube having a plurality of screw insertion holes 8a in the threaded portion 6c at the proximal end of the clamping rod 6 protruding to the opposite side of the tube support plate 4 of the tube plate 2. By screwing the nut 9 through the plate protection washer 8, the installation of the tube support plate 4 closest to the tube plate 2 is completed.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the stay rod 5 that keeps the distance between the tube plate 2 and the tube support plate 4 opposite to the tube plate 2 is subjected to a compressive force (an arrow in a direction away from each other). Since the rod 6 is subjected to a tensile force (arrows approaching each other), the flatness and positional accuracy of the tube support plate 4 are ensured.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9, the next tube support plate 4 is connected to the screw hole 5 c of the stay rod 5 exposed to the center portion of the ring washer 7 through the stay rod connection hole 4 c of the tube support plate 4. After the screw portion 5d of the base end of the stay rod 5 for securing the space is screwed and connected, the nut 9 on the tube plate 2 side and the ring-shaped tube plate protective washer 8 are connected to the screw portion of the base end of the clamping rod 6. The screw portion 6c of the tightening rod 6 from which the nut 9 has been removed is once removed from the screw 6c, and the screw portion 6c is screwed into the screw hole formed at the tip of the rod 6A.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the fastening rod 6A is added, and the fastening rod 6 whose length is extended is pushed in. At this time, as shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 10, the ring-shaped washer 7 is sandwiched between the shoulder 6d and the arrowhead-shaped locking portion 6b at the tip 6a of the tightening rod 6, so By further pushing the attached rod 6, the ring washer 7 can be easily moved to the vicinity of the position where the next tube support plate 4 is installed.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the ring-shaped washer 7 is temporarily removed by applying a return torsion to the clamping rod 6 from the distal end portion 6a of the clamping rod 6 that has reached the vicinity of the installation position of the next tube support plate 4. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12, the rod receiver 4d of the stay rod connection hole 4c of the next tube support plate 4 is applied to the shoulder 5b of the tip portion 5a of the stay rod 5 and protruded from the transmission tube insertion hole 4a. The ring-shaped washer 7 is attached to the arrowhead-like locking portion 6b of the tightening rod 6 in the same manner as described above.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, the nut 6 c is attached to the threaded portion 6 c at the base end of the extension rod 6 A protruding to the opposite side of the tube support plate 4 of the tube plate 2 via a ring-shaped tube plate protective washer 8. By screwing 9, the installation of the second tube support plate 4 counted from the tube plate 2 and the tube support plate 4 closest to the tube plate 2 is completed.

  Thereafter, until the planned number of tube support plates 4 are installed, the stay rod 5 is added, the nut 9 and the ring-shaped tube plate protective washer 8 are once removed, and then the extension rod 6A is added, and the ring-shaped washer. After removing 7 once, the setting of the next tube support plate 4 and the screwing of the nut 9 to the threaded portion 6c of the proximal end of the adding rod 6A are repeated.

  Thus, when installing the tube support plate 4, the screw 8 is screwed into the tightening rod 6 only on the tube plate 2 side, so that the installation operation is facilitated.

  After the installation of the planned number of tube support plates 4 is completed, the tube support plates 4 are fixed to the outer shell 1a by welding, and after this fixing, a plurality of tubes used for the installation of the tube support plates 4 are used. The tightening rods 6 are all pulled out from the heat transfer tube insertion holes 2a, 4a of the tube plate 2 and the plurality of tube support plates 4, and the heat transfer tube insertion holes 2a, 4a from which the tightening rod 6 is pulled out. Is used as an insertion hole for the heat transfer tube 3 in the same manner as the other heat transfer tube insertion holes 2a, 4a.

  In the embodiment described above, the ring-shaped washer 7 having a plurality of rod insertion holes 7a is disposed adjacent to the tube support plate 4, and the ring-shaped tube sheet protection washer 8 having a plurality of screw insertion holes 8a is provided. Since it is disposed adjacent to the tube plate 2, the tube support plate 4 has an engagement mark of the arrowhead-like engagement portion 6 b of the tightening rod 6, and the tube plate 2 has an engagement mark of the nut 9. In addition to avoiding this, it is possible to reduce time and effort by eliminating the need for individual washers.

  The ring-shaped washer 7 and the tube plate protection washer 8 described above can be omitted if necessary. In this case, the tube support protrusion 4b in the heat transfer tube insertion hole 4a of the tube support plate 4 is rod-locked. It functions as a part.

  The configuration of the heat exchanger according to the present invention and the method of installing the tube support plate of the heat exchanger is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

1 Steam generator (heat exchanger)
2 Tube plate 2a Heat transfer tube insertion hole 3 Heat transfer tube 4 Tube support plate 4a Heat transfer tube insertion hole 4b Tube support protrusion (rod locking portion)
5 Stay rod 6 Tightening rod 6A Extension rod 6a Tightening rod tip 6b Arrowhead lock (support plate lock)
6c Screw part 7 Ring washer (support plate protection washer)
7a Rod insertion hole 7b Washer side rod locking part 9 Nut

Claims (4)

A plurality of heat transfer tubes;
Tube plates that support the ends of these heat transfer tubes,
A plurality of tube support plates arranged in parallel with the tube plate and supporting an intermediate portion of the heat transfer tube;
In the heat exchanger comprising a stay rod attached to the tube plate and sequentially added to maintain the interval between the tube plate and the tube support plate facing the tube plate and the interval between adjacent tube support plates,
The plurality of tube support plates are inserted into the heat transfer tube insertion holes formed in the tube plate by repeatedly adding from the opposite side of the tube plate to the tube support plate. There are provided clamping rods that are fixed in parallel with each other at an interval,
In the hole for heat transfer tube insertion through which the tip of the clamping rod in the tube support plate located farthest from the tube plate is inserted, a rod locking portion is formed,
At the tip of the tightening rod, the tube support plate is locked by twisting the tightening rod itself while passing through the heat transfer tube insertion hole of the tube support plate located farthest from the tube plate. A support plate locking portion for locking with the portion is formed, and a screw portion into which a nut is screwed is formed at the proximal end of the tightening rod located on the side opposite to the tube support plate of the tube plate. A heat exchanger characterized by   A support plate protection washer is disposed between the tube support plate located farthest from the tube plate and a support plate locking portion at the tip of the clamping rod, and the clamping rod of the support plate protection washer The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a washer-side rod locking portion is formed in a rod insertion hole through which the tip of the rod is inserted.   The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the support plate protection washer has a plurality of rod insertion holes through which tips of a plurality of clamping rods close to each other are inserted. When installing the tube support plate of the heat exchanger according to claim 1,
A stay rod is fixed to the tube plate, and a tube support plate disposed opposite to the tube plate is applied to the stay rod, while the tube rod and the tube support plate are sequentially passed through the tightening rod, The support plate locking portion of the clamping rod and the rod locking portion of the tube support plate are locked to each other, and a nut is screwed into the screw portion at the proximal end of the clamping rod, and is arranged opposite to the tube plate. Fixing the tube support plate to
Thereafter, until the planned number of tube support plates have been installed, the stay rod is added, the nut is removed, the extension rod is added to the tightening rod, and the rod locking portion of the next tube support plate is added. The method of installing a tube support plate of a heat exchanger, wherein the locking of the support plate locking portion of the tightening rod and the screwing of the nut into the thread portion of the proximal end of the extension rod are repeated.

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