JP2014025215A - Silencer, silencing system and method for reducing noise generated by blasting - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a silencer, a silencing system and a method, which enable an effective reduction in noises generated by blasting, depending on situations of an excavation site.SOLUTION: The present invention provides a silencer, a silencing system and a method for reducing noises generated by blasting. The silencer of the present invention, which assumes a hollow box shape, has one surface of the box shape provided with an opening into which a cylindrical member can be inserted. The silencer can comprise two box bodies that are slidably fitted, and the cylindrical member is installed in the state of protruding to the inside and outside of the box shape.

Description

  The present invention relates to a silencing technique for reducing noise caused by blasting, and more particularly, to a silencing device, a silencing system, and a method for reducing noise generated when blasting a rock.

  Conventionally, when excavation by blasting is performed in mountain tunnel construction, there is a method of reducing noise generated by blasting by installing one or more soundproofing doors in the tunnel mine at intervals in order to enhance the soundproofing effect. is there.

  As an example of a conventional silencing method, Patent Literature 1 discloses a silencing method and a silencer that reduce the blasting sound by installing a side branch. In this silencing method, a blasting sound is reduced by installing a silencer having several side branches for attenuating a sound wave having a predetermined frequency in a tunnel tunnel.

JP 2011-256609 A

  However, in the silencing method using a plurality of soundproof doors, a resonance sound is generated by resonating at a frequency determined by the installation interval of each soundproof door, etc., so that a soundproof effect in a band close to the frequency of the resonance sound is sufficiently obtained. There was a problem that it was not possible.

  In addition, the characteristics of the blasting sound, that is, the frequency and sound pressure of the sound wave included in the blasting sound, are determined by the excavation site, such as tunnel tunnel shape, tunnel tunnel temperature and humidity, bedrock strength, explosive amount, and soundproof door installation interval. Therefore, in the silencer of Patent Document 1 that attenuates only sound waves of a predetermined frequency, the user cannot adjust the blasting sound to be reduced according to the situation of the excavation site, There was a problem that the blast sound could not be effectively reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a silencer, a silencer system, and a method that can effectively reduce noise caused by blasting according to the situation of an excavation site. It is the purpose.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a silencer, a silencer system, and a method for reducing noise caused by blasting. The silencer mainly includes a cavity formed so as to be separated from the outside by a box, and an opening communicating the cavity and the outside, and a cylindrical member can be inserted into the opening. When in use, the mass of air in and near the cylindrical member mainly moves the air in the cavity as a spring, and exhibits sound absorption due to heat loss during the movement of the spring.

  The sound absorbing power of the silencer and the frequency band in which the sound absorbing force is exerted are determined by designing a single resonance system determined by the cavity of the silencer, the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical member, the length of the cylinder, the number of cylinders, etc. can do.

  The present invention can selectively and effectively reduce sound energy in a frequency band particularly requiring soundproofing among noises caused by blasting according to the situation of the excavation site by adopting the above-described configuration requirements.

The figure which shows one Embodiment of the silencer of this invention installed in the tunnel mine. The figure which shows one Embodiment of the silencer of this invention. The figure which shows one Embodiment of the silencing system of this invention installed in the tunnel mine. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ shown in FIG. 3. The figure which shows another embodiment of the silencer of this invention. The figure which shows other embodiment of the silencer of this invention. The figure which shows another embodiment of the silencing system of this invention installed in the tunnel mine.

  Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated with embodiment, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned later.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a silencer of the present invention installed in a tunnel mine. In the tunnel mine 100, soundproof doors 110 and 112 and a silencer 120 are installed. The soundproof door 110 is a wall having soundproofing performance installed on the side of the tunnel 102 of the tunnel mine 100. The soundproof door 112 is a wall having soundproofing performance installed on the face 104 side of the tunnel mine 100. The silencer 120 is a device that reduces noise generated by blasting, and is installed between the soundproof doors 110 and 112.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the silencer of the present invention. Hereinafter, the configuration of the silencer 120 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The silencer 120 is a Helmholtz type silencer. The silencer 120 has a block shape, and a plurality of silencers 120 can be stacked and used as shown in FIG. The silencer 120 has a hollow box shape, and a plurality of openings 202 are provided on one surface. In use, the cylindrical members 206 and 208 are inserted into the opening 202.

  The silencer 120 includes a hollow inside the box and an opening 202, and cylindrical members 206 and 208 can be inserted into the opening 202. By inserting the cylindrical members 206 and 208, the air mass in and around the cylindrical member mainly moves the air in the cavity as a spring, and exerts a sound absorbing force due to heat loss during the movement of the spring. Therefore, noise caused by blasting is reduced.

  The silencer 120 is designed and determined as a single resonance system that is determined by the sound absorbing force and the frequency band in which the sound absorbing force is exerted, which is determined by the cavity of the silencer, the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical member, the length of the cylinder, the number, etc. You can make things. In addition, the difference between the design and actual sound absorbing power and the frequency band in which the sound absorbing power is exerted can be resolved by changing to a cylindrical member with a different number or length of cylindrical members. Can be fine-tuned.

  In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the box body of the silencer 120 has a double box structure that is slidably fitted to the volume of the internal cavity so that the volume of the cavity inside the box body is increased or decreased. Fine adjustments can be made on site to eliminate the difference between the designed and actual sound absorbing power and the frequency band in which the sound absorbing power is exhibited. The box body 122 constituting the silencer 120 has a structure in which only the opposite surface of the surface having the opening 202 is opened among the six surfaces, and the box body 122 is inserted into the box body 124 among the six surfaces. Only the surface is open.

  In the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 5, the cylindrical members 206 and 208 are installed so as to protrude from the outer surface of the box body of the silencer 120 toward the inner cavity, but in other embodiments, as shown in FIG. These cylindrical members may be installed so as to protrude from the outer surface of the box to the outside, or may be installed in a form protruding to the inner cavity and both sides of the outside.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2, 5 and 6, a cylindrical tubular member is adopted, but in other embodiments, various tubular members having a cross-sectional shape such as a rectangle, a triangle, an ellipse, and a star are used. Can be adopted.

  The mass that moves the air in the cavity of the silencer 120 as a spring varies depending on the length of the cylindrical members 206 and 208 inserted into the silencer 120. For this reason, the cylindrical members 206 and 208 have a length designed from the sound absorption force expected by the user to the silencer 120 and the frequency band in which the sound absorption force is exhibited.

  In the above-described embodiment, when the user uses the silencer 120 based on the design of the silencer 120, the length, the number, etc. of the tubular members 206, 208 are selected and attached to the silencer 120. In the embodiment, various types of silencer 120 with a specific cylindrical member attached in advance are prepared by changing the specifications of the cylindrical member, and similar results are obtained by combining the silencer 120 with different specifications. Also good.

  Based on the design of the silencer 120, the number of the cylindrical members 206, 208 increases or decreases. Therefore, a large number of openings 202 provided in the box of the silencer 120 are provided at the time of production, and the openings 202 in excess of the necessary number of the cylindrical members 206 and 208 are produced without remanufacturing the box. The stopper 204 closes.

  In this embodiment, since the user can select the number of silencers 120 installed in the tunnel mine and the cylindrical member to be inserted into the silencer 120, the noise caused by blasting is effective depending on the conditions of the excavation site. Can be reduced.

  In particular, by using a silencer that absorbs resonance sound due to resonance of two soundproof doors, the frequency of the resonance sound is generated by the generation of resonance sound using a sound deadening method that uses two soundproof doors. Thus, it is possible to effectively eliminate the drawback that the soundproofing effect in a band close to is not sufficiently obtained.

  That is, in the prior art, in order to alleviate this drawback, it was necessary to provide a sufficient interval between the two soundproof doors. However, according to the present invention, it is no longer necessary and tunnel excavation is limited to the vicinity of the wellhead. A silencing method using two soundproof doors can be adopted, and the applicable range of blast excavation can be expanded, leading to shortened construction period and construction cost.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the silencing system of the present invention installed in a tunnel mine. The silencer system 310 includes two soundproof doors 312 and 314 adjacent to each other, and a sound silencer 316 in which boxes of the sound absorber 120 are stacked along the outer periphery of the tunnel in a space between the two soundproof doors. This is an integrated system.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ shown in FIG. 3. As with the silencer 120 shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, the silencer 316 allows the user to insert a tubular member according to the situation at the excavation site.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the silencer 316 in which three boxes of the same shape are stacked is illustrated, but the number of boxes constituting the silencer is not limited to this, and the tunnel tunnel Depending on the size of 300, any number of boxes can be incorporated. The silencing system of the present embodiment includes a silencing device 316 in a space sandwiched between two soundproof doors, but in other embodiments, three or more soundproofing doors are provided, It is good also as a structure provided with the silencer 316 in one or more.

  Further, in another embodiment of the silencing system shown in FIG. 7, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 and the point that the opening of the silencing device 316 faces the space between two soundproof doors are installed. Although it is the same, you may install the several silencer 316 so that it may oppose on both sides of the two soundproof doors 312,314.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7, the noise reduction system 310 is configured such that the soundproof doors 312 and 314 and the noise reduction device 316 are integrally configured, so that space saving is possible. As a result, even when the face 304 is close to the tunnel wellhead 302, the silencing system 310 can be installed. As a result, the rock can be excavated by blasting, and the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be further reduced. Become.

  Although the present embodiment has been described so far, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the constituent elements of the present embodiment are changed or deleted, or the constituent elements of the present embodiment are changed to other configurations. It can be changed within a range that can be conceived by those skilled in the art, such as adding an element, and any aspect is included in the scope of the present invention as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.

  The present invention can be used for a rock excavation business in mountain tunnel construction. In particular, the present invention is useful for blasting work in a work environment where reduction of noise due to blasting is strictly required.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Tunnel well, 102 ... Anti-pit, 104 ... Face, 110, 112 ... Soundproof door, 120 ... Silencer, 300 ... Tunnel well, 302 ... Anti-mouth, 304 ... Face, 310 ... Silencer system, 312, 314 ... Soundproof Door, 316 ... Silencer

Claims (10)

A silencer that reduces noise from blasting,
The silencer is
It has a hollow box shape,
A silencer comprising an opening into which a cylindrical member can be inserted on one surface of the box shape.   The silencer according to claim 1, wherein the silencer is configured by two boxes that are slidably fitted.   The silencer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tubular member is installed so as to protrude inside the box shape.   The silencer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tubular member is installed to protrude outside the box shape. A silencing system that reduces noise from blasting,
The silencing system comprises a plurality of soundproof doors and a sound deadening device installed between the soundproof doors,
The silencer is
It has a hollow box shape,
A silencing system comprising an opening through which a cylindrical member can be inserted on one surface of the box shape.   The silencer system according to claim 5, wherein the silencer is configured by two boxes that are slidably fitted.   The silencing system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the tubular member is installed so as to protrude inside the box shape.   The silencing system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the tubular member is installed so as to protrude outside the box shape. A silencing system that reduces noise from blasting,
The silencer system includes a plurality of soundproof doors and a silencer,
The silencer is
It has a hollow box shape,
Provided with an opening into which a cylindrical member can be inserted into one surface of the box shape,
The silencing device is a silencing system installed so as to face each other with the soundproof door interposed therebetween.   A method for reducing noise caused by blasting using the silencer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the silencer system according to any one of claims 5 to 9.