JP2014020403A - Rolling bearing - Google Patents

Rolling bearing Download PDF

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JP2014020403A
JP2014020403A JP2012157345A JP2012157345A JP2014020403A JP 2014020403 A JP2014020403 A JP 2014020403A JP 2012157345 A JP2012157345 A JP 2012157345A JP 2012157345 A JP2012157345 A JP 2012157345A JP 2014020403 A JP2014020403 A JP 2014020403A
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Prior art keywords
pocket
rolling
cage
raceway surface
peripheral surface
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JP2012157345A
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Japanese (ja)
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Eri WATABE
絵里 渡部
Yujiro Toda
雄次郎 戸田
Atsushi Yokouchi
敦 横内
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling bearing in which grease is readily held in a pocket of a retainer and an inner peripheral surface of the retainer even if centrifugal force is large under a high speed condition.SOLUTION: A rolling bearing includes: an inner race having a raceway surface; an outer race having a raceway surface; a plurality of rolling elements arranged between the raceway surface of the inner race and the raceway surface of the outer race so as to be rotatable and having a rolling surface with respect to the raceway surface of the inner race and the raceway surface of the outer race; and an annular retainer for retaining the rolling elements in a pocket so as to be rotatable. The axial size of the pocket of the retainer on an outer peripheral surface side is smaller than the axial size of the pocket on an inner peripheral surface side.

Description

本発明は転がり軸受に関し、特に高速で回転する用途、例えば工作機械、ターボチャージャーに用いることが出来る。   The present invention relates to a rolling bearing, and can be used particularly for applications that rotate at a high speed, such as machine tools and turbochargers.

工作機械の主軸は、加工能率を上げるため高速で回転するものが好ましく、加えて様々な材料の加工を要求されていることから、高荷重で回転するものが好ましい。高速回転する主軸に適した潤滑方法としては、例えば、オイルミスト潤滑、オイルエア潤滑、ジェット潤滑などの方法が知られている。しかしこのような潤滑方法は、圧縮空気や給油装置などの付帯設備が必要なものであり、工作機械の初期投資及びランニングコストを高める原因である。これに対してグリース潤滑は、メンテナンスの必要が少なくて好ましい潤滑方法であるといえる。高速で回転する回転軸を支持する高速転がり軸受としては、工作機械主軸(スピンドル)などを支持するアンギュラ玉軸受や円筒ころ軸受などが挙げられる。これらの高速転がり軸受に使用されるグリースとしては、低粘度の合成油を基油としたグリースや、バリウム石けんで増ちょうしたグリースが使用されている。しかしこれらのグリースを用いても、高速下では遠心力が大きいため、グリースは保持器のポケットや保持器の内周面から保持器の外周面側に排除されやすく、また基油と増ちょう剤の分離も進行しやすいため、潤滑不良が起きやすい。また高速下では潤滑剤の攪拌抵抗による発熱が大きな問題となるため、グリース封入量は通常の軸受よりも少なくすることが一般的である。従って、グリースを転走面近傍に留め、長期に亘り潤滑不良を起こさないグリース技術が必要となる。   The main spindle of the machine tool is preferably one that rotates at a high speed in order to increase machining efficiency. In addition, since a variety of materials are required to be processed, one that rotates with a high load is preferable. As lubrication methods suitable for the main shaft rotating at high speed, for example, methods such as oil mist lubrication, oil air lubrication, and jet lubrication are known. However, such a lubrication method requires ancillary facilities such as compressed air and a fueling device, and increases the initial investment and running cost of the machine tool. On the other hand, grease lubrication is a preferable lubrication method because it requires less maintenance. Examples of the high-speed rolling bearing that supports a rotating shaft that rotates at high speed include an angular ball bearing and a cylindrical roller bearing that support a machine tool spindle (spindle) and the like. As greases used for these high-speed rolling bearings, greases based on low-viscosity synthetic oils and greases increased with barium soap are used. However, even if these greases are used, the centrifugal force is high at high speeds, so the grease is easily removed from the cage pocket and the inner circumferential surface of the cage to the outer circumferential surface of the cage, and the base oil and thickener are used. Since the separation of the toner tends to proceed, poor lubrication tends to occur. In addition, since heat generation due to the stirring resistance of the lubricant becomes a big problem at high speed, the amount of grease filled is generally less than that of a normal bearing. Accordingly, there is a need for grease technology that keeps the grease in the vicinity of the rolling surface and does not cause poor lubrication for a long period of time.

このような要求に対して、特許文献1に示されているものがある。この技術では、保持器の外周面に油溜り用の微細溝を設けて潤滑性の向上を図っている。   There are some which are shown in patent documents 1 to such a demand. In this technique, a fine groove for oil sump is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cage to improve lubricity.

特開2001−248655号公報JP 2001-248655 A

しかしながら、特許文献1に示されている技術では、保持器の外周面に油溜り用の微細溝を設けているので、保持器のポケットや保持器の内周面にグリースを留めておくことは難しい。そこで、本発明では、高速下で遠心力が大きくても、グリースが保持器のポケットや保持器の内周面に保持され易い転がり軸受を提供する。   However, in the technique shown in Patent Document 1, since the oil retaining fine groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cage, it is not possible to keep grease on the pocket of the cage or the inner peripheral surface of the cage. difficult. Therefore, the present invention provides a rolling bearing in which grease is easily held in the pocket of the cage or the inner peripheral surface of the cage even when centrifugal force is large at high speed.

上記の目的を達成するために本発明の転がり軸受は、軌道面を有する内輪と、軌道面を有する外輪と、前記内輪軌道面及び前記外輪軌道面間に転動自在に配設され、前記内輪軌道面及び前記外輪軌道面に対する転動面を有する複数の転動体と、前記転動体をポケットに転動自在に保持する円環状の保持器を有する転がり軸受において、前記保持器のポケットの外周面側の軸方向の寸法が、前記ポケットの内周面側の軸方向の寸法より、小さいことを特徴とする。また、前記ポケットは、外周面側の軸方向の寸法が、前記ポケットの内周面側の軸方向の寸法より、小さいテーパになっていることが好ましい。   In order to achieve the above object, a rolling bearing according to the present invention includes an inner ring having a raceway surface, an outer ring having a raceway surface, and a rollable arrangement between the inner ring raceway surface and the outer ring raceway surface. In a rolling bearing having a plurality of rolling elements having a raceway surface and a rolling surface with respect to the outer ring raceway surface, and an annular cage that holds the rolling body in a pocket so as to be freely rollable, an outer peripheral surface of the pocket of the cage The axial dimension on the side is smaller than the axial dimension on the inner peripheral surface side of the pocket. Further, the pocket preferably has a taper in which the axial dimension on the outer peripheral surface side is smaller than the axial dimension on the inner peripheral surface side of the pocket.

本発明では、グリースが保持器のポケットや保持器の内周面に保持され易い転がり軸受を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rolling bearing in which grease is easily held in the pocket of the cage or the inner peripheral surface of the cage.

本発明の一実施形態に係る転がり軸受の概略構成についてシール付きアンギュラ玉軸受を例にとって示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the angular ball bearing with a seal | sticker as an example about schematic structure of the rolling bearing which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 従来の転がり軸受の概略構成についてシール付きアンギュラ玉軸受を例にとって示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the angular ball bearing with a seal | sticker as an example about the schematic structure of the conventional rolling bearing.

以下、本発明について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

本発明に係る転がり軸受の実施の形態を、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。図1は本発明に係る転がり軸受1の一種であるアンギュラ玉軸受の構造を示す縦断面図である。このアンギュラ玉軸受は、内周面に軌道面2aを有する外輪2と、外輪2の軌道面2aに対向する軌道面3aを外周面に有する内輪2と、両軌道面2a、3a間に転動自在に配された複数の転動体5(玉)と、外輪2と内輪3との間に転動体5を保持する円環状保持器6と、グリースを転がり軸受内に保持する為のシール10とを備えている。   Embodiments of a rolling bearing according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of an angular ball bearing which is a kind of rolling bearing 1 according to the present invention. This angular ball bearing has a rolling contact between the outer race 2 having a raceway surface 2a on the inner peripheral surface, the inner race 2 having a raceway surface 3a opposite to the raceway surface 2a of the outer race 2 on the outer peripheral surface, and both raceway surfaces 2a and 3a. A plurality of rolling elements 5 (balls) arranged freely, an annular cage 6 that holds the rolling elements 5 between the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3, and a seal 10 for holding grease in the rolling bearing It has.

図2の従来の転がり軸受において、前記転動体5を保持する保持器6のポケット7の外周面側の軸方向の寸法B1と、前記ポケット7の内周面側の軸方向の寸法B2とがほぼ同じ寸法であるのに対して、図1に示した本発明の転がり軸受の前記転動体を保持する保持器のポケットの外周面側の軸方向の寸法が、前記ポケットの内周面側の軸方向の寸法より、小さい。また、前記ポケットの転動体接触面9は、外周面側の軸方向の寸法が、前記ポケットの内周面側の軸方向の寸法より、小さいテーパになっていることが好ましい。   In the conventional rolling bearing shown in FIG. 2, an axial dimension B1 on the outer peripheral surface side of the pocket 7 of the cage 6 holding the rolling element 5 and an axial dimension B2 on the inner peripheral surface side of the pocket 7 are as follows. While the dimensions are substantially the same, the axial dimension of the outer peripheral surface side of the pocket of the cage for holding the rolling elements of the rolling bearing of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is the same as the inner peripheral surface side of the pocket. Smaller than the axial dimension. Moreover, it is preferable that the rolling element contact surface 9 of the pocket has a taper in which the axial dimension on the outer peripheral surface side is smaller than the axial dimension on the inner peripheral surface side of the pocket.

これにより高速回転時に遠心力により保持器のポケットや保持器の内周面から保持器の外周面側に飛ばされるグリースを保持器内径面に留めることができるため、長期にわたりグリースやグリースの基油を転動体や外輪や内輪に供給することができ、潤滑寿命を飛躍的に向上させることが可能となる。また保持器のポケットや内周面側にグリースを多く留めておくことができるため、保持器と転動体の接触による摩擦が低減し、保持器の摩耗が起こりにくい。   This makes it possible to retain grease and grease base oil over a long period of time because the grease that is blown from the cage pocket or cage inner surface to the outer surface of the cage due to centrifugal force during high-speed rotation can be retained on the cage inner surface. Can be supplied to the rolling elements, outer ring, and inner ring, and the lubrication life can be dramatically improved. In addition, since a large amount of grease can be retained in the pocket or inner peripheral surface side of the cage, friction due to contact between the cage and the rolling elements is reduced, and wear of the cage is unlikely to occur.

前記転がり軸受に封入されるグリースの増ちょう剤はウレア化合物及び金属石けんのいずれも使用できる。またグリースの基油粘度は高速においても異音やトルク上昇が起こらないよう40℃における動粘度が10〜80mm/sの範囲のものを使用することが好ましい。このように本発明の保持器を有する転がり軸受をグリース潤滑にて使用することにより、高速下でも潤滑不良を起こしにくくし、潤滑寿命を長くすることが可能となる。 Either a urea compound or a metal soap can be used as the thickener for the grease sealed in the rolling bearing. Further, it is preferable to use a grease having a kinematic viscosity in the range of 10 to 80 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C. so that no abnormal noise or torque increase occurs even at high speed. Thus, by using the rolling bearing having the cage of the present invention by grease lubrication, it becomes difficult to cause poor lubrication even under high speed, and the lubrication life can be extended.

実施例1〜4と比較例1、2の転がり軸受に関して、以下のような各試験や観察を行なった。表1に、実施例1〜4と比較例1、4の保持器材料、グリースの種類、保持器形状、軸受耐久試験寿命比、保持器摩耗、グリース漏洩試験漏洩率を記載した。なお、実施例と比較例の各保持器は、ガラス繊維で補強している。また、各試験の条件や観察方法は以下の通りである。   The following tests and observations were performed on the rolling bearings of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the cage material, grease type, cage shape, bearing durability test life ratio, cage wear, and grease leakage test leakage rate of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4. In addition, each holder | retainer of an Example and a comparative example is reinforced with glass fiber. The conditions and observation methods for each test are as follows.

(1)軸受耐久試験
軸受試験は、アンギュラ玉軸受(内径Φ50mm)にグリースを空間容積の5%封入、定圧のアキシアル荷重1200Nを負荷し、内輪回転数18000min−1で回転させた。外輪は冷却水により冷却を行っている。異常温度上昇となった時点を焼付き寿命とした。焼付き寿命は比較例1の寿命を1とし、他はそれに対する比として表した。
(1) Bearing endurance test In the bearing test, an angular ball bearing (inner diameter Φ50 mm) was filled with grease at 5% of the space volume, a constant pressure axial load of 1200 N was applied, and the inner ring was rotated at 18000 min −1 . The outer ring is cooled by cooling water. The time at which the abnormal temperature rises was defined as the seizure life. The seizure life is represented by 1 as the life of Comparative Example 1 and the other as a ratio thereto.

(2)軸受耐久試験後の保持器摩耗観察
耐久試験(1)後の保持器ポケット部の観察を行い、玉と接触したことによる摩耗がみられないか観察した。
(2) Cage wear observation endurance test after bearing endurance test (1) The cage pocket portion after observation was observed, and it was observed whether there was any wear due to contact with the balls.

(3)グリース漏洩試験
耐熱ゴムシールを備えた6210玉軸受(外径90mm、内径50mm、幅20mm)にグリースを30%封入し、アキシアル荷重980N、回転数15000min−1で100時間回転させて、試験後のグリース漏洩率を測定した。
(3) Grease leakage test A 6210 ball bearing (outer diameter 90 mm, inner diameter 50 mm, width 20 mm) equipped with a heat-resistant rubber seal is filled with 30% grease and rotated for 100 hours at an axial load of 980 N and a rotational speed of 15000 min −1. The subsequent grease leakage rate was measured.

Figure 2014020403
Figure 2014020403

表1に示すように本発明の転がり軸受である実施例1〜3は、寿命が長く、摩耗が無く、グリース漏れも少なかった。 As shown in Table 1, Examples 1 to 3 which are rolling bearings of the present invention had a long life, no wear, and few grease leaks.

1 転がり軸受
2 外輪
2a、3a 軌道面
3 内輪
5 転動体
6 保持器
7 ポケット
8、9 転動体接触面
B1 ポケットの外周面側の軸方向の寸法
B2 ポケットの内周面側の軸方向の寸法
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rolling bearing 2 Outer ring 2a, 3a Raceway surface 3 Inner ring 5 Rolling body 6 Cage 7 Pocket 8, 9 Rolling body contact surface B1 Axial dimension on the outer peripheral surface side of pocket B2 Axial dimension on the inner peripheral surface side of pocket

Claims (2)

軌道面を有する内輪と、軌道面を有する外輪と、前記内輪軌道面及び前記外輪軌道面間に転動自在に配設され、前記内輪軌道面及び前記外輪軌道面に対する転動面を有する複数の転動体と、前記転動体をポケットに転動自在に保持する円環状の保持器を有する転がり軸受において、前記保持器のポケットの外周面側の軸方向の寸法が、前記ポケットの内周面側の軸方向の寸法より、小さいことを特徴とする転がり軸受。   An inner ring having a raceway surface, an outer ring having a raceway surface, and a plurality of rolling rings disposed between the inner ring raceway surface and the outer ring raceway surface and having rolling surfaces with respect to the inner ring raceway surface and the outer ring raceway surface. In a rolling bearing having a rolling element and an annular cage that holds the rolling element in a pocket so as to roll freely, the axial dimension on the outer circumferential surface side of the pocket of the cage is such that the inner circumferential surface side of the pocket A rolling bearing characterized by being smaller than the dimension in the axial direction. 前記ポケットは、外周面側の軸方向の寸法が、前記ポケットの内周面側の軸方向の寸法より、小さいテーパになっていることを特徴とした請求項1の転がり軸受。 The rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the pocket has a taper in which an axial dimension on the outer peripheral surface side is smaller than an axial dimension on the inner peripheral surface side of the pocket.
JP2012157345A 2012-07-13 2012-07-13 Rolling bearing Pending JP2014020403A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112867874A (en) * 2018-10-15 2021-05-28 日本精工株式会社 Angular contact ball bearing

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112867874A (en) * 2018-10-15 2021-05-28 日本精工株式会社 Angular contact ball bearing
CN112867874B (en) * 2018-10-15 2023-01-10 日本精工株式会社 Angular contact ball bearing

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