JP2014019538A - Hoisting machine and cooling system for hoisting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in which further cooling of a motor may be required in a hoisting machine for elevators.SOLUTION: A hoisting machine includes a rotor, and a stator. The rotor is rotatably supported by a bearing, and rotates a sheave around which a rope is wound. The stator surrounds the outer peripheral side of the rotor and rotates the rotor by electro-magnetic force. The hoisting machine is provided with a liquid passage in which liquid for cooling the stator flows.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a hoisting machine and a hoisting machine cooling system.

  Conventionally, an elevator hoisting machine in which a motor is cooled by gas flowing inside is known.

JP 2002-020063 A

  In an elevator hoist, further cooling of the motor may be desired.

  The hoist according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a rotor and a stator. The rotor is rotatably supported by the bearing and rotates the sheave on which the rope is hung. The stator surrounds the outer peripheral side of the rotor and rotates the rotor by electromagnetic force. The hoisting machine is provided with a liquid passage through which a liquid for cooling the stator flows.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a hoisting machine cooling system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view (partially sectional view) illustrating an example of a part of the hoisting machine cooling system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an example of a part of the stator of the hoist according to the first embodiment as viewed from the axial direction of the rotating shaft. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the stator of the hoist according to the first modification of the first embodiment as viewed from below (outside in the radial direction). FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a part of the stator of the hoist according to the second modification of the first embodiment as viewed from below (outside in the radial direction). FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the hoisting machine cooling system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view (partially sectional view) showing an example of a part of the hoisting machine cooling system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the hoisting machine cooling system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a heat radiating unit of a hoisting machine cooling system according to a third modification of the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of the hoisting machine cooling system according to the fourth embodiment.

  The following exemplary embodiments and modifications include similar components. Therefore, below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

<First Embodiment>
In this embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hoisting machine 1 includes a motor 2 (motor unit), a sheave 3 (roller), a bearing structure 4 (bearing), a base 5 and the like. ing. The sheave 3 is rotated about a substantially horizontal rotation axis Ax by the motor 2. A rope (not shown) is hung (turned around) on the sheave 3. As the sheave 3 rotates, an elevator car (not shown) suspended from the rope moves up and down. The shaft 6 of the motor 2 and the shaft (not shown) of the sheave 3 can be configured to rotate integrally on the same axis (rotation axis Ax). In that case, the shaft 6 can be rotatably supported around the rotation axis Ax by a plurality of (in the present embodiment, two as an example) bearing structures 4 spaced in the longitudinal direction (axial direction). In the present embodiment, as an example, the motor 2, the sheave 3, and the bearing structure 4 are installed on the base 5, that is, supported by the base 5. An opening 5 b is provided on the surface 5 a of the base 5. A rope hung (wound) around the sheave 3 is passed through the opening 5b. The base 5 is fixed (supported) to a floor or the like of a building via a vibration proof rubber (not shown) or the like.

  In this embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIG. 2, the motor 2 includes a case 2a, a stator 2b, a rotor 2c, and the like. As a basic structure of the motor 2, a known structure can be adopted. The stator 2b and the rotor 2c are accommodated in the case 2a. The rotor 2c is fixed to the shaft 6. The rotor 2c can rotate around the rotation axis Ax together with the shaft 6. The stator 2b is fixed to the case 2a. The stator 2b is formed in an annular shape that surrounds the outer peripheral side of the rotor 2c as a whole. The stator 2b has a coil 2d (winding) and a stator iron core 2e. The current flowing through the coil 2d is controlled by an electric circuit (control circuit, control device, not shown), and electromagnetic force is generated between the stator 2b and the rotor 2c. By this electromagnetic force, the rotor 2c rotates around the rotation axis Ax. The rotor 2c can rotate in both directions around the rotation axis Ax (clockwise and counterclockwise as viewed from one axial direction of the rotation axis Ax) by controlling the current flowing through the coil 2d.

  In the motor 2 of the hoisting machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the coil 2d, the stator core 2e, etc. generate heat as the coil 2d is energized, and the temperature of the stator 2b having the coil 2d and the stator core 2e rises. Along with this, the temperature around the stator 2b may increase. Therefore, in this embodiment, as an example, the hoisting machine 1 is equipped with a cooling system 10 (cooling system for the hoisting machine) that cools the internal structure of the motor 2 such as the stator 2b.

  In the present embodiment, the cooling system 10 is, for example, a pump 11, a drain valve 12, a cooling unit 13 (first heat) as a system (liquid cooling system) that cools the internal structure of the motor 2 using liquid. Exchange part), release valve 14, heat radiation part 15 (heat radiation device, second heat exchange part), reservoir tank 16 and the like. Each component of the cooling system 10 is connected via a liquid pipe 17 (for example, a pipe, a hose, a tube, or the like) or a passage in the structure (for example, the liquid passage 13a of the cooling unit 13 or the like). The pump 11 is rotationally driven by a motor 18 and sucks and discharges the liquid stored (stored) in the reservoir tank 16. The pump 11 can switch between discharging and stopping the liquid in accordance with on / off of the motor 18 by an electric circuit (control circuit, control device, not shown). The pump 11 can be configured as a positive displacement pump, and can also be configured as a variable displacement pump. In the present embodiment, as an example, the pump 11, the reservoir tank 16, the motor 18, and the like are accommodated in the housing 20 a of the unit 20.

  The cooling unit 13 is provided with a liquid passage 13a along the circumferential direction of the stator 2b. In the present embodiment, as an example, a liquid passage 13a is formed between the stator 2b and an annular member 13b provided along the outer periphery thereof. The member 13b can be made of a material having relatively good thermal conductivity (for example, a metal material, aluminum, copper, or an alloy thereof). The member 13b has a surface 13c (circumferential surface, inner peripheral surface) in contact with the surface 2b1 (peripheral surface, outer peripheral surface) of the stator 2b. A groove 13d (concave portion) along the circumferential direction is provided on the surface 13c. That is, in the present embodiment, as an example, the open side (inner peripheral side, radially inner side) of the groove 13d is covered with the surface 2b1 of the stator 2b, and the liquid passage 13a is configured. When the liquid flows through the liquid passage 13a, heat is exchanged between the liquid and the stator 2b and the member 13b constituting the liquid passage 13a, and the liquid is heated and the stator 2b and the member 13b are cooled. Note that the stator 2b and the member 13b can be integrated by welding, adhesion, coupling by a coupling tool (screw or the like), and the like. Further, the space between the surface 2b1 and the surface 13c can be sealed by a seal member (gasket, O-ring, sealant, etc., not shown) interposed (sandwiched) between the surfaces 2b1 and 13c. . The configuration of the liquid passage 13a disclosed herein is merely an example, and a groove (not shown) is formed on the surface 2b1 of the stator 2b, and a groove (not shown) formed on the surface 13c of the member 13b. Or a groove (not shown) formed in the surface 2b1 may be covered with the surface 13c of the member 13b.

  The cooling unit 13 (in this embodiment, as an example, the member 13b) is provided with a liquid inlet 13e and a discharge port 13f. In the present embodiment, as an example, the introduction port 13e is provided at a position below the cooling unit 13 (lower and bottom), and the discharge port 13f is provided at a position above the cooling unit 13 (upper and top). It has been. Therefore, in this embodiment, as an example, since the liquid is filled from below the liquid passage 13a, the liquid easily spreads over the entire liquid passage 13a. Therefore, as an example, it becomes easy to cool more areas of the stator 2b with liquid. Moreover, the operation | work which fills the liquid in the liquid channel | path 13a can be performed more smoothly, extracting air from the discharge port 13f.

  The liquid heated in the cooling unit 13 flows from the cooling unit 13 to the heat radiating unit 15 through the pipe 17. The heat radiating portion 15 is provided with a passage (not shown) through which liquid flows. Further, the surface of the heat radiating portion 15 is provided with a gap (a space, not shown) through which air passes due to a recess, a hole, or the like, and the surface area is increased. A fan 19 that is rotated by an electric motor (not shown) or the like is provided near the heat radiating unit 15. The flow (air flow) of air (gas) generated by the rotation of the fan 19 hits the heat radiating part 15, enters the gap formed in the heat radiating part 15, flows between the gaps, and the air and the surface of the heat radiating part 15 Heat exchange between the two. That is, in the heat radiating unit 15, air is heated, and the heat radiating unit 15 and thus the liquid in the heat radiating unit 15 are cooled. The liquid cooled by the heat radiating unit 15 returns to the reservoir tank 16. Thus, in this embodiment, as an example, the cooling system 10 that cools the stator 2b and the like is configured by flowing (circulating) the liquid (medium) and exchanging heat at the two heat exchange units. ing. For example, a liquid (for example, an antifreeze liquid) that has been subjected to a rust prevention treatment can be used for the cooling system 10. The antifreeze can operate the cooling system 10 even in a sub-freezing environment. In the present embodiment, as an example, the heat radiating unit 15, the fan 19, and the like are housed in the housing 21 a of the unit 21.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the drain valve 12 is provided in the position below the inlet 13e between the pump 11 and the cooling unit 13 as an example. The drain valve 12 can communicate the inside and outside of the pipe 17. An opening (not shown) of the drain valve 12 is opened downward or sideward. An open valve 14 is provided between the cooling unit 13 and the heat radiating unit 15 at a position above the discharge port 13f. The release valve 14 can also communicate with the inside and outside of the pipe 17. An opening (not shown) of the release valve 14 is opened upward. While the pump 11 is stopped, the operator opens the release valve 14 and the drain valve 12, thereby introducing air from the release valve 14 into the cooling unit 13 and draining the liquid in the cooling unit 13. The valve 12 can be discharged. Therefore, according to this embodiment, as an example, the liquid can be discharged from the cooling unit 13 more easily or more efficiently. Therefore, as an example, it becomes easier to remove the member 13b in a state in which the liquid has escaped from the liquid passage 13a during maintenance of the motor 2 or the like. The drain valve 12 can be provided at a lower position (lower part, lowermost part) in the entire liquid passage of the cooling system 10. In that case, it becomes easier to discharge liquid contained in a wider range of the cooling system 10 more easily or more efficiently.

  In the present embodiment, as an example, the motor 2 is provided with an air passage 2i (gas passage) and a fan 22 as a system (air cooling system) for cooling an internal structure using air (gas). ing. The air passage 2i is at least a part of a gap (space) between the structure inside the motor 2 such as the rotor 2c, the stator 2b, the cooling unit 13, and the case 2a. As the fan 22 that generates the air flow in the air passage 2i, the rotor 2c is provided with a plurality of blades 2h (blades). The blade 2h is provided on the radially outer side of the surface 2c1 (end surface) of the end portion in the axial direction of the rotor 2c. The blade 2h is configured in a plate shape (thin plate shape, wall shape) along the radial direction of the rotation axis Ax. The blade 2h is along a virtual plane including the rotation axis Ax. The plurality of blades 2h are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. As the rotor 2c rotates, the plurality of blades 2h (fan 22) move around the rotation axis Ax, and the axial wall portion 2a1 (end wall) between the rotor 2c and the case 2a due to centrifugal force (inertial force) acting on the air. The air flow from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction is formed in the air passage 2i between the first part and the second part). Moreover, since the rotor 2c moves air also in the circumferential direction, a vortex flow (swirl flow) is generated in the air passage 2i in the motor 2 as a result. The wall 2a1 in the axial direction of the case 2a is provided with a vent 2f (opening, through-hole), and the plurality of vents 2g (opening, through-hole) are provided in the circumferential wall 2a2 of the case 2a. Is provided. Therefore, the rotation of the plurality of blades 2h (fan 22) causes air in the motor 2 to flow from the air vent 2f to the air vent 2g through the air passage 2i, as indicated by the dashed arrows in FIG. A flow is formed. The air flow (air) hits the stator 2b, and heat exchange is performed between the air and the stator 2b. That is, the stator 2b is cooled and the air is heated. Since the blade 2h is along the radial direction, an air flow can be generated regardless of the rotation direction of the rotor 2c.

  In the present embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cooling unit 13 includes a projection 13 g (fin, protrusion, rib, wall) and a portion facing the air passage 2 i. A recess 13h is provided. The convex portion 13g is configured in a plate shape (wall shape) along the radial direction of the rotation axis Ax. The convex portion 13g is along a virtual plane including the rotation axis Ax. A plurality of convex portions 13g are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. The concave portion 13h is provided between the plurality of convex portions 13g. With such a configuration, the air flow can pass through the concave portion 13 h that is a gap between the plurality of convex portions 13 g, and heat exchange is performed between the air and the surface of the cooling portion 13. According to this embodiment, as an example, the efficiency of heat exchange is likely to increase as compared with a case where the cooling portion 13 is not provided with the convex portion 13g or the concave portion 13h.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, as an example, in the cooling system 10 for the hoist 1, the liquid passage 13 a through which the liquid that cools the stator 2 b of the motor 2 flows is provided and the heat of the liquid is released. A heat dissipating part 15 is provided. Then, the liquid is circulated between the liquid passage 13 a and the heat radiating unit 15. Therefore, according to this embodiment, as an example, the heat generating portion (stator 2b) of the motor 2 of the hoisting machine 1 can be cooled using a liquid. Therefore, as an example, the heat generating part of the motor 2 is more easily cooled. Alternatively, as an example, the heat generating part of the motor 2 is easily cooled more efficiently.

  In the present embodiment, as an example, in the liquid passage 13a, the liquid flows from the lower side to the upper side of the stator 2b. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, as an example, the liquid is more likely to spread throughout the liquid passage 13a.

  In the present embodiment, as an example, an air passage 2i through which gas flows is provided in the motor 2 of the hoisting machine 1, and at least a part of the member 13b constituting the liquid passage 13a (in the present embodiment, as an example) The axial end portion and the radially outer end portion (outer peripheral portion) faced the air passage 2i. Therefore, according to this embodiment, as an example, the air flowing through the air passage 2i cools the member 13b. Therefore, as an example, the stator 2b is more easily cooled.

  In the present embodiment, as an example, a concave portion 13h or a convex portion 13g is provided in a portion facing the air passage 2i of the member 13b constituting the liquid passage 13a (in the present embodiment, an axial end portion as an example). It was. Therefore, according to this embodiment, as an example, heat exchange between the member 13b and air is further promoted. Therefore, as an example, the stator 2b is more easily cooled.

  When the stator 2b is cooled by both the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system (air cooling system) as in the present embodiment, the liquid temperature (control target temperature, actual temperature) of the liquid cooling system is an example. As above, it can be set higher than the temperature of air (gas) (atmosphere temperature of the motor 2 of the hoist 1). In this case, as an example, the cooling of the liquid by air can be used more effectively, and as a result, the energy consumption of the fan 19 and the motor 18 accompanying the increase in the cooling effect of the liquid cooling system is suppressed. Cheap. Needless to say, the temperature of the liquid is set lower than the temperature of the heat generating portion of the motor 2.

<First Modification>
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the liquid passage 13 a can be configured in a branched state. Therefore, according to this modification, it is easy to obtain a cooling effect by the cooling liquid over a wider range of the stator 2b. Therefore, as an example, temperature unevenness in the stator 2b hardly occurs.

<Second Modification>
Further, the liquid passage 13a can be configured to be bent as illustrated in FIG. In the example of FIG. 5, the liquid passage 13a extends along the circumferential direction (up and down direction in FIG. 5) while repeatedly turning back in the axial direction of the rotation axis Ax (left and right direction in FIG. 5). Therefore, according to this modification, it is easy to obtain a cooling effect by the cooling liquid over a wider range of the stator 2b. Therefore, as an example, temperature unevenness in the stator 2b hardly occurs. Note that the shape of the bent portion is not limited to that in FIG. 5, and may be U-shaped or crank-shaped. For the liquid passage 13a, for example, the ratio (volume ratio) of the portion of the liquid passage 13a that is provided in the portion of the member 13b or the stator 2b where heat generation is larger is set to the ratio of the heat generation of the member 13b or the stator 2b. It can be made larger than the ratio of the portion provided in the smaller portion. Or as another example, it was provided in the axial direction (width direction, the left-right direction of FIG. 2) end part side of the stator 2b in which the cooling effect by air (gas) is more easily obtained in the liquid passage 13a. The ratio of the part can be made lower than the ratio of the part provided in the axially central part side of the stator 2b where the cooling effect by air (gas) is more difficult to obtain.

Second Embodiment
The hoisting machine 1A and the cooling system 10A according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 have the same configuration as the hoisting machine 1 and the cooling system 10 of the above embodiment. Therefore, also according to this embodiment, the same result (effect) based on the same configuration as the above embodiment can be obtained. However, in the present embodiment, as an example, the units 20 and 21 in which the pump 11 of the cooling system 10A, the heat radiating unit 15, the reservoir tank 16, the motor 18, the fan 19, and the like (see FIG. It is placed on the surface 5 a and supported by the base 5. Therefore, as an example, the hoisting machine 1A and the cooling system 10A are more easily installed as compared with the case where the base 5 and the units 20 and 21 are installed separately.

  In the present embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIG. 7, the base 5 is provided between the area A where the motor 2, the units 20, 21, etc. (cooling system 10 </ b> A) are installed, and the opening 5 b. In addition, a barrier portion 5c (wall portion, suppressing portion, rib, protruding portion) is provided. In this embodiment, as an example, the barrier 5c is provided at the edge of the opening 5b and protrudes upward from the surface 5a. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, as an example, even when the liquid used in the cooling system 10A spills on the surface 5a of the base 5 for some reason, for example, during maintenance, the liquid Is likely to be prevented from falling downward from the opening 5b. Although not shown, the barrier 5c can be provided so as to surround the motor 2, the units 20, 21 and the like (region A). In this case, the barrier 5c constitutes a liquid reservoir (temporary reservoir) on the surface 5a of the base 5.

<Third Embodiment>
The hoisting machine 1B and the cooling system 10B according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8 have the same configuration as the hoisting machines 1 and 1A and the cooling systems 10 and 10A of the above embodiment. Therefore, also according to this embodiment, the same result (effect) based on the same configuration as the above embodiment can be obtained. However, in this embodiment, as an example, the hoisting machine 1B is provided in the chamber 23, and the unit 20 in which the pump 11 of the cooling system 10B, the heat radiating unit 15, the reservoir tank 16, the motor 18, the fan 19, and the like are accommodated. , 21 are provided outside the room 23, for example, on the rooftop 24 of the building. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, as an example, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation portion 15 is more likely to be increased. Further, as an example, maintenance of parts in the units 20 and 21 can be performed more easily.

<Third Modification>
The unit 21C of the cooling system 10C according to the third modification shown in FIG. 9 can be used in place of the unit 21 of the cooling systems 10, 10A, 10B according to the above embodiment. In this unit 21 </ b> C, the heat radiation part 25 of another system (for example, an air conditioning system) can be cooled by using the flow of air applied to the heat radiation part 15. That is, in this modification, the fan 19 can be shared for cooling the heat radiating part 15 and the heat radiating part 25. Therefore, according to the present modification, for example, effects such as simplification of the device configuration, reduction in size, reduction in weight, and reduction in manufacturing cost can be obtained.

<Fourth embodiment>
The hoisting machines 1D and 1E according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 have the same configuration as the hoisting machines 1, 1A and 1B of the above embodiment. Therefore, also according to this embodiment, the same result (effect) based on the same configuration as the above embodiment can be obtained. However, in the present embodiment, as an example, the cooling system 10D is shared by the two hoisting machines 1D and 1E. Specifically, the units 20 and 21 in which the pump 11, the heat radiating unit 15, the reservoir tank 16, the motor 18, the fan 19, and the like are accommodated are shared by the two hoisting machines 1D and 1E. As an example, the cooling units 13 in the two hoisting machines 1D and 1E are connected in series via a pipe 17. Specifically, the downstream side of the cooling unit 13 (see FIG. 2) in the hoisting machine 1E and the upstream side of the cooling unit 13 in the hoisting machine 1D are connected via the pipe 17, and the hoisting machine The downstream side of the cooling unit 13 in 1D and the heat radiating unit 15 (see FIG. 2) in the unit 21 are connected. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, for example, it is possible to obtain an effect that the apparatus configuration is simplified, downsized, reduced in weight, or the manufacturing cost is suppressed. In addition, it replaces with the unit 21 concerning this embodiment, and unit 21C concerning the said 3rd modification can be used.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was illustrated, the said embodiment is an example to the last, Comprising: It is not intending limiting the range of invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, combinations, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof. In addition, the specifications of each component (structure, type, direction, shape, size, length, width, thickness, height, number, arrangement, position, material, etc.) should be changed as appropriate. Can do. For example, as the liquid, it is possible to use a liquid (for example, oil, refrigerant, etc.) other than the antifreeze.

  1, 1A, 1B, 1D, 1E ... Hoisting machine, 2b ... Stator (component), 2c ... Rotor, 2i ... Air passage (gas passage), 3 ... Sheave, 4 ... Bearing structure (bearing), 5 ... Base 5b: opening, 5c: barrier, 10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D ... cooling system, 13 ... member (component), 13a ... liquid passage, 13g ... fin (convex), 13h ... concave, 15 ... heat radiation part, 23 ... chamber, 25 ... (another) heat radiation part, A ... area.

Claims (7)

A rotor that is rotatably supported by a bearing and rotates a sheave on which a rope is hung;
A stator that surrounds the outer periphery of the rotor and rotates the rotor by electromagnetic force;
Have
A hoisting machine provided with a liquid passage through which a liquid for cooling the stator flows.   The hoist according to claim 1, wherein the liquid passage is installed on an outer peripheral portion of the stator.   The hoist according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the liquid passage, the liquid flows in the stator from the lower side to the upper side.   The hoist according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat of the liquid heated in the liquid passage is released in a heat radiating section. A liquid passage rotatably supported by a bearing and having a rotor that rotates a sheave to which a rope is hung, and a stator that surrounds the outer periphery of the rotor and rotates the rotor by electromagnetic force, and in which a liquid that cools the stator flows. A hoisting machine provided with
A heat radiating part for releasing heat of the liquid heated in the liquid passage;
A cooling system for hoisting machines. A gas passage through which gas flows is provided in the hoisting machine,
The cooling system for a hoist according to claim 5, wherein at least a part of the constituent members of the liquid passage faces the gas passage.   The cooling system for a hoisting machine according to claim 6, wherein a concave portion or a convex portion is provided on a portion of the constituent member of the liquid passage facing the gas passage.

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