JP2014016081A - Super-heated vapor device using super-heated vapor and heat treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a super-heated vapor device with good energy efficiency.SOLUTION: There is provided a super-heated vapor device 100 including a steam generation device, a heating device 30 generating super-heated vapor by heating steam, and a combustion chamber 10 in which a body to be heated is burnt with the super-heated vapor. In the combustion chamber 10, a spouting pipe 20 which spouts super-heated vapor is arranged, and the spouting pipe 20 includes a first pipe 20A inserted from one side of the combustion chamber 10 and a second pipe 20B inserted from the opposite side. In the combustion chamber 10, the first pipe 20A and second pipe 20B are arranged alternately. The heating device 30 is an electric heater, and an electric heater 30 is arranged in the first pipe 20A and second pipe 20B respectively.

Description

  The present invention relates to a superheated steam apparatus and a heat treatment method using superheated steam. In particular, the present invention relates to a superheated steam apparatus (for example, a superheated steam type food heating apparatus) excellent in energy efficiency.

  Superheated steam is steam obtained by heating steam to a temperature exceeding 100 ° C. at a constant pressure. This superheated steam (or superheated steam) is far-infrared radiation that is suitable for heating foods, unlike steam and high-pressure high-temperature steam, and in that atmosphere, oxygen is blocked to prevent oxidation. It has the advantage of being able to And it is supposed that meat, fish, etc. can be baked with good taste by using superheated steam (reference: Patent Document 1, etc.).

  For example, Patent Document 2 (corresponding to FIG. 8 of Patent Document 1) is known as an apparatus for baking food such as meat and fish with superheated steam. The apparatus described in Patent Document 2 is shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 33, this apparatus comprises a boiler (not shown), a superheated steam generator a having a discharge hole b connected to the boiler and a pipe d, and a conveyor c on which food is placed and transferred. Has been. In this apparatus, steam is generated from the boiler, the steam is sent to the heating pipe a1 provided in the superheated steam generator a through the pipe d, and the steam passing through the heating pipe a1 is sent to the superheated steam generator a. It is made into superheated steam by heating with the provided burner a2. The superheated steam is discharged from the discharge hole b and fired so as to be sprayed on the food placed on the conveyor c.

JP 2001-190410 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-83547 JP 2002-83673 A

  As described above, the method for generating superheated steam is generally to burn water vapor with a burner using a fuel such as gas or petroleum. However, in the method using such a burner, the equipment including the smoke exhausting equipment becomes very large, and the capital investment increases. In addition, additional facilities such as environmental pollution countermeasures are required. Furthermore, since this method is general, it is not so noticeable, but the energy efficiency in generating superheated steam is not so good. Moreover, although there exist some which used the electromagnetic induction type heating means, these also are not so energy efficient.

  Patent Document 3 can be cited as one using an electromagnetic induction heating means. Even if the type using the electromagnetic induction coil is small, power of about 90 kW (kilowatt) is required, and if a large commercial refrigerator is at a level of 75 kW at most, it consumes a large amount of power. On the other hand, there is a household superheated steam cooker that is almost the same size as a microwave oven, but its type is used to boil water into steam and use it as superheated steam each time. There is also a problem that it is difficult to use for continuous use at a business level because it requires time and is unusable and must be replenished every time water for water vapor is used up. In addition, when household products are used at the work volume level, the processing unit is too different, so that there is a problem that the amount of heat is insufficient and the heat treatment cannot be performed satisfactorily.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this point, The main objective is to provide the superheated steam apparatus with sufficient energy efficiency.

  The superheated steam device according to the present invention is a superheated steam device that heats an object to be heated using superheated steam, a steam generating device that generates steam, a heating device that heats the steam and generates superheated steam, A firing chamber in which the object to be heated is fired by the superheated steam, and an ejection pipe for ejecting the superheated steam is disposed inside the firing chamber, and the ejection pipe is disposed in the firing chamber. A first pipe inserted from one side and a second pipe inserted from the opposite side of the one; and the first pipe and the second pipe are alternately arranged inside the firing chamber The heating device is an electric heater, and the electric heater is disposed in each of the first pipe and the second pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator, and the steam supply pipe is connected to a connecting pipe section that passes steam passing through the steam supply pipe to the ejection pipe. In addition, a bypass pipe that connects an upstream part close to the steam supply pipe and a downstream part located downstream of the upstream part is connected to the connecting pipe part.

  In a preferred embodiment, the bypass pipe is a pipe that adjusts an internal pressure difference between the connection pipe section and the ejection pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, the bypass pipe is provided with a valve for adjusting a flow rate in the bypass pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, at least two steam supply pipes are provided, and a bypass pipe that connects the at least two steam supply pipes to each other is formed.

  In a preferred embodiment, the connection pipe portion is provided with a second heating device that heats steam from the steam supply pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, the second heating device is an electric heater, and the second heating device is disposed in the connecting pipe portion.

  In a preferred embodiment, each of the first pipe and the second pipe includes a plurality of pipes, and the first pipe and the second pipe extend in a horizontal direction and are alternately arranged.

  In a preferred embodiment, the connection pipe part is disposed above the baking chamber, the connection pipe part includes an integrated pipe connected to the steam supply pipe, and the plurality of the first pipes. And a branch pipe connecting each of the plurality of second pipes to the integrated pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, the branch pipe extends in the vertical direction from each of the first pipe and a plurality of horizontal pipes extending in the same direction as each of the second pipes, and from each of the plurality of horizontal pipes. And a vertical pipe connected to the ejection pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, a second electric heater is inserted into each of the plurality of horizontal pipes.

  In a preferred embodiment, a third electric heater is inserted into the integrated pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, the connection pipe section is composed of a plurality of connection pipe units, and each of the plurality of connection pipe units is connected to the steam supply pipe, and the plurality of connection pipes. Each of the units includes the integrated pipe and the branch pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator, and the steam supply pipe is connected to a connecting pipe section that passes steam passing through the steam supply pipe to the ejection pipe. The connecting pipe part is configured by connecting a first pipe member connected to the steam supply pipe and a second pipe member connected to the first pipe member, and the first pipe member and the Inside the pipe constituted by the second pipe member, at least two electric heaters are arranged in series, and the steam supplied from the steam supply pipe continues in series by the at least two electric heaters. Heated to move to the jet pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the inlet side and the outlet side of the baking chamber is provided with a wind shield portion having a cavity higher than the upper plate portion of the baking chamber.

  In a preferred embodiment, the wind shield portion is provided on both the inlet side and the outlet side of the baking chamber, and the wind shield portion is provided with a partition member that partitions the cavity into a plurality of regions. Yes.

  In a preferred embodiment, the height dimension of the opening of the wind shield part connected to the outside of the wind shield part is smaller than the height dimension based on the upper plate part of the firing chamber.

  In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a chain conveyor that passes through the inside of the baking chamber, and the baking chamber is an open space where the inlet and outlet portions of the heat-resistant conveyor are open, and the ejection pipe The outlet is located above the chain conveyor.

  In a preferred embodiment, the first pipe and the second pipe are arranged on the upper side with respect to the chain conveyor, and the ejection pipe is further provided from the one side of the baking chamber. Including a third pipe inserted and a fourth pipe inserted from a side opposite to the one, wherein the third pipe and the fourth pipe are arranged on the lower side with respect to the chain conveyor. In the baking chamber, the third pipe and the fourth pipe are alternately arranged, and the steam is heated in each of the third pipe and the fourth pipe to generate superheated steam. An electric heater to be generated is arranged.

  In a preferred embodiment, the first pipe and the third pipe are arranged symmetrically across the chain conveyor, and the second pipe and the fourth pipe are They are arranged symmetrically across the chain conveyor.

  In a preferred embodiment, the firing chamber has a structure capable of sealing the inside, and an ejection port of the ejection pipe is located above the object to be heated disposed in the firing chamber. Yes.

  In a preferred embodiment, the electric heater is located in the firing chamber at a length of more than half.

  In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further includes a control device that is connected to the electric heater and controls heating of the electric heater.

  In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the electric heater disposed in each of the first pipe and the second pipe, a further heating device is disposed between the steam generator and the baking chamber. ing.

  In a preferred embodiment, the further heating device is an electric heater.

  In a preferred embodiment, the electric heater is provided with fins.

  In a preferred embodiment, the electric heater includes a heat generating portion in which a plurality of heating wires are bundled, and a cross section of the heat generating portion has a circular shape, and the fin includes the fin An annular member having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the heat generating portion and smaller than the inner diameter of the ejection pipe, and a plurality of the fins are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the heat generating portion. ing.

  In a preferred embodiment, a rod-like member having an electric heater is arranged inside the firing chamber, separately from the ejection pipe, and the rod-like member is at least directly above and below the object to be heated. Arranged on one side.

  Another superheated steam device according to the present invention is a superheated steam device that heats an object to be heated using superheated steam, a steam generating device that generates steam, and a heating device that generates superheated steam by heating the steam. And a firing chamber in which the object to be heated is fired by the superheated steam, and a plurality of ejection pipes for ejecting the superheated steam are arranged inside the firing chamber, and the plurality of the ejections The sushi pipe is inserted into the firing chamber, a heating device is disposed inside the ejection pipe, and further includes a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator, and the steam The supply pipe is connected to a connecting pipe section through which steam passing through the steam supply pipe passes through the ejection pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, a bypass pipe for adjusting an internal pressure difference of each of the plurality of ejection pipes is attached to the connection pipe portion.

  In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator, and the steam supply pipe is connected to a connecting pipe section that passes steam passing through the steam supply pipe to the ejection pipe. The connecting pipe part is configured by connecting a first pipe member connected to the steam supply pipe and a second pipe member connected to the first pipe member, and the first pipe member and the Inside the pipe constituted by the second pipe member, at least two electric heaters are arranged in series, and the steam supplied from the steam supply pipe continues in series by the at least two electric heaters. Heated to move to the jet pipe.

  In the firing chamber, a bar-like member having an electric heater is arranged separately from the jet pipe, and the bar-like member is arranged at least one directly above and below the object to be heated.

  In a preferred embodiment, the steam generator includes a water storage tank that stores liquid, and steam that is connected to the water storage tank through a communication pipe and generates steam by heating the liquid supplied from the water storage tank. The liquid level in the water storage tank and the water level of the liquid in the steam generation unit coincide with each other.

  In a preferred embodiment, the steam generator has a liquid path and a vapor path that are independent of each other, and heat exchange is performed between the liquid flowing in the liquid path and the heating steam flowing in the vapor path. A high-pressure steam from a boiler is introduced into the steam path of the heat exchanger, and the liquid path of the heat exchanger is connected to the open water storage tank through the communication pipe. .

  In a preferred embodiment, the steam generating section is composed of an electric heater that heats the liquid, and a housing that houses the electric heater and holds the liquid, and the housing and the water storage tank are The communication pipes are connected to each other.

  In a preferred embodiment, the steam generated by the steam generator is saturated steam having a slight pressure of 0.12 MPaA (absolute pressure) or less.

  In a preferred embodiment, the object to be heated is a food product, and the food product is at least one selected from the group consisting of marine products, meat, vegetables, bread, rice, coffee beans, and tea.

  The heat treatment method according to the present invention is a heat treatment method using superheated steam, a step of generating steam with a steam generator, a step of generating superheated steam by heating the steam, and the superheated steam. An injection pipe for injecting the superheated steam is disposed inside the baking chamber, and the injection pipe is a first pipe inserted into the baking chamber. And an electric heater is disposed in each of the first pipe and the second pipe, and the superheated steam introduced into the firing chamber is the first pipe and the second pipe. Heated by the electric heater in each of the pipes.

  In a preferred embodiment, the first pipe is inserted from one side surface of the firing chamber, and the second pipe is inserted from the other side surface of the firing chamber, The first pipe and the second pipe are alternately arranged.

  In a preferred embodiment, the first pipe and the second pipe each include a plurality of pipes.

  In a preferred embodiment, the internal pressure of the ejection pipe is adjusted by a bypass pipe that adjusts a difference between the internal pressures of the ejection pipe.

  In a preferred embodiment, when the object to be heated is heated in the baking chamber, the inside of the baking chamber is in a state where oxygen is less than that in the atmosphere.

  In a preferable embodiment, a heat-resistant conveyor that passes through the inside of the baking chamber is further provided, and an object to be heated is disposed on the heat-resistant conveyor.

  In a preferred embodiment, the first pipe and the second pipe are arranged on the upper side with respect to the heat-resistant conveyor, and the jet pipe is further from the one side of the baking chamber. Including a third pipe inserted and a fourth pipe inserted from the opposite side, the third pipe and the fourth pipe being arranged on the lower side with respect to the heat-resistant conveyor In the baking chamber, the third pipe and the fourth pipe are alternately arranged, and the steam is heated in each of the third pipe and the fourth pipe to generate superheated steam. An electric heater to be generated is arranged.

  In a preferred embodiment, the heating temperature in the baking chamber is 300 ° C. or higher.

  In a preferred embodiment, the object to be heated in the baking chamber is a food, and the food is at least one selected from the group consisting of marine products, meat, vegetables, bread, rice, coffee beans, and tea. is there.

  The superheated steam device of the present invention includes a heating device that heats steam generated by the steam generating device to generate superheated steam, and a firing chamber in which an object to be heated is fired by the superheated steam, and is provided inside the firing chamber. Is provided with an ejection pipe for ejecting superheated steam. The ejection pipe includes a first pipe inserted from one side of the firing chamber and a second pipe inserted from the opposite side, and the first pipe and the second pipe are alternately arranged. . The heating device is an electric heater, and an electric heater is disposed in each of the first pipe and the second pipe. Therefore, since the electric heater is arranged in each of the first pipe and the second pipe arranged alternately in the inside of the firing chamber, the superheated steam that has become high temperature due to the heating of the electric heater is immediately heated. While being able to contact a thing, the heat of the electric heater arrange | positioned in a 1st pipe and a 2nd pipe can be utilized for the heating inside a baking chamber. As a result, an energy efficient superheated steam device can be realized. In addition, since the first pipes and the second pipes are alternately arranged, it is easy to uniformly heat the inside of the firing chamber.

  In addition, when the steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator is connected to the connecting pipe part and the bypass pipe is provided in the connecting pipe part, the internal pressure difference of each of the plurality of jet pipes is adjusted. This makes it easier to uniformly heat the inside of the baking chamber.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the superheated steam apparatus 100 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the plane structure of the baking chamber 10 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the baking chamber 10 which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the structure of the circumference | surroundings. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure inside the baking chamber 10 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the electric heater 30 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing typically the plane composition of superheated steam device 100 concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows typically the cross-sectional structure of the superheated steam apparatus 100 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an ejection port 25 of the ejection pipe 20. FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an ejection port 25 of the ejection pipe 20. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the superheated steam apparatus 150 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure of the connection piping part 23 and the baking chamber 10 in the superheated steam apparatus 150 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the structure of the connection piping part 23 and the baking chamber 10 in the superheated steam apparatus 150 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a windbreak portion 63 connected in the vicinity of a firing chamber 10. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a windbreak portion 63 connected in the vicinity of a firing chamber 10. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the superheated steam apparatus 150 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the superheated steam apparatus 150 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the side surface structure of the heat processing apparatus 200 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the heat processing apparatus 200 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the side surface structure of the heat processing apparatus 200 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the structure of the superheated steam apparatus 150 and the heat exchanger 70 which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the structure of the preheating chamber 90 and the heat exchanger 70 which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the grilled fish (baked mackerel) after a heating. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the side surface structure of the heat processing apparatus 200 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a steam generator 40. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a steam generator 40. FIG. (A) And (b) is the side view and front view which show the structure of the batch-type baking chamber 10. As shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the side surface structure of a superheated steam apparatus (modified example) 100 (150). It is sectional drawing which shows typically the planar structure of a superheated steam apparatus (modified example) 100 (150). It is sectional drawing which shows typically the side surface structure of a superheated steam apparatus (modified example) 100 (150). It is sectional drawing which shows typically the planar structure of a superheated steam apparatus (modified example) 100 (150). It is sectional drawing which shows typically the planar structure of a superheated steam apparatus (modified example) 100 (150). It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the heat processing apparatus 200 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the apparatus which bakes foodstuffs, such as meat and fish, with the conventional superheated steam.

  The heating process in food production is the most important point in producing delicious and good products. Usually, heating with a burner, heating with hot water, and heating with oil are mainly used. Compared to that, steam heating is actually less than the heating of burners, hot water, etc. It is not used much. The inventor of the present application changed to heating with hot water or the like, and as a result of earnestly searching for the possibility of steam heating, arrived at a heating method using superheated steam (superheated steam) and proceeded with its development.

The inventor of the present application has developed a technique in which a super-pressure steam (steam) is heated to form superheated steam, and the superheated steam is applied to food to perform heating, and disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-522303. In addition, as a cooking apparatus using superheated steam, there is a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-236991. However, this technique does not operate at atmospheric pressure, and the internal pressure in the heat exchanger is increased (5 0.0 to 5.2 kgf / cm ² ), and basically different in technical idea from the technique disclosed by the inventor in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-522303. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-325340 discloses a firing apparatus using superheated steam at normal pressure. However, since this baking apparatus generates superheated steam with a burner, as described in Patent Document 2 described above, the equipment including the flue gas equipment becomes very large and generates superheated steam. The energy efficiency above is not very good.

  The technology developed by the inventor of the present application (the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-522303) is excellent, but there is room for further progress in terms of improving energy utilization efficiency. That is, the technology developed by the inventor of the present application (the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-522303) is very good in energy efficiency as compared with the conventional technology (for example, Patent Document 2). In addition to the further improvement in energy efficiency, there is room for improvement in terms of heat uniformity during heating.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, for simplification of description, members and parts having the same action are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted or simplified. In addition, the dimensional relationship (length, width, thickness, etc.) in each drawing may not necessarily accurately reflect the actual dimensional relationship.

  Further, matters necessary for the implementation of the present invention other than matters specifically mentioned in the present specification can be grasped as design matters of those skilled in the art based on the prior art in this field. The present invention can be carried out based on the contents disclosed in the present specification and drawings and the common general technical knowledge in the field. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a superheated steam device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The superheated steam device 100 of the present embodiment is a superheated steam device 100 that heats an object to be heated using superheated steam. In particular, when the object to be heated is food, the superheated steam type food heating device 100 is used. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the superheated steam device 100 of this embodiment includes a steam generating device (not shown) that generates steam, a heating device 30 that heats the steam 45 to generate superheated steam, and the superheated steam. It is comprised from the baking chamber 10 in which a heating thing is baked. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a planar cross-sectional configuration of the baking chamber 10. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration around the baking chamber 10. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the baking chamber 10.

  An ejection pipe (or sparge pipe) 20 that ejects superheated steam is disposed inside the firing chamber 10 of the present embodiment. The ejection pipe 20 includes a first pipe 20A inserted from one side (10a) of the firing chamber 10 and a second pipe 20B inserted from the opposite side (10b). In the firing chamber 10, the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are alternately arranged. The heating device 30 in the present embodiment is an electric heater (heating heater), and the electric heater 30 is disposed in each of the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B. The electric heater 40 of this embodiment is an electric heater (for example, a plug heater, a flange heater, etc.) of about several kilowatts, for example.

  In the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B each include a plurality of pipes. Specifically, the first pipe 20A includes four pieces, and the second pipe 20B includes four pieces. The first pipes 20A and the second pipes 20B extend alternately in the horizontal direction. That is, when the outlet (52) of the firing chamber 10 is the front, when the one side 10a is the right side and the other side is the left side, the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B alternate from the right side and the left side. It is inserted into the firing chamber 10. As shown in FIG. 2, an opening 22 into which the electric heater 30 is inserted is formed at one end (rear end) of the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B. Further, the other ends (tips) of the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are closed, and in this example, the other ends (tips) have a bullet-like (or substantially hemispherical) shape. ing.

  Moreover, in the structure of this embodiment, the superheated steam apparatus 100 is provided with the chain conveyor 50 which passes the inside of the baking chamber 10, as shown in FIG.3 and FIG.4. As shown in FIG. 2, the baking chamber 10 is an open space in which the inlet 11 and outlet 12 portions of the chain conveyor 50 are opened. Further, the ejection port of the ejection pipe 20 is located above the chain conveyor 50. Here, the chain conveyor 50 moves from the upstream side as indicated by an arrow 51, passes through the baking chamber 10, and moves downstream as indicated by an arrow 52.

  In the superheated steam device 100 shown in FIG. 1, a windbreak hood 61 is provided on the downstream side (exit side) of the firing chamber 10. On the other hand, a windbreak hood 62 is also provided on the upstream side (inlet side) of the baking chamber 10. In other words, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the windbreak hood 61 is connected to the downstream side of the firing chamber 10, and the windbreak chamber is located upstream of the firing chamber 10. 62 is connected. The firing chamber 10 of the present embodiment is disposed on the pedestal 60. The platform 60 is installed on the ground (for example, a factory floor) via a grounding section (for example, a rubber stopper) 66. In addition, a control device 65 to which the wiring 31 extending from the electric heater 30 inserted into the ejection pipe 20 is connected is disposed on the base 60. The control device 65 includes a control circuit that can control the heating of the electric heater 30. The control circuit is constructed by an electronic circuit or an electric circuit including a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC). In a specific configuration, a temperature sensor is installed in the firing chamber 10, and the superheated steam device 100 is operated by controlling the electric heater 30 with the control device 65 based on the numerical value of the temperature sensor and the heating program. be able to.

  A steam supply pipe 42 is connected to the ejection pipe 20 of the present embodiment, and steam (for example, water vapor) or superheated steam passes through the steam supply pipe 42, and the ejection pipe 20. Supply steam or superheated steam. The arrows in FIG. 1 schematically show the flow of steam (or superheated steam).

  The pipe 42 for supplying steam includes a pipe part (steam introduction pipe) 42a connected to a steam generator (not shown), a pipe part (first integrated pipe) 42b connected to the pipe part 42a, and a pipe part 42b. And a pipe part (branch pipe) 42d branched from the pipe part 42c. The piping part 42b and the piping part 42c are connected to each other via a piping part (a connecting pipe extending vertically or a vertical pipe extending in the vertical direction) 42e. Further, one end (exit end) of the piping part 42 d is connected to the ejection pipe 20. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the steam introduction pipe 42 a is connected to the center position of the pipe part (first integrated pipe) 42 b connected to the pipe part 42 a, so that the inside of the steam pipe that flows separately from the right and left The pressure difference is avoided as much as possible.

  In addition, in the structure of this embodiment, in order to heat the steam (steam) from the steam supply pipe 42 continuously in series and send it to the ejection pipe 20, the first integrated pipe 42 b is also heated. An (electric heater) 30 is arranged. In addition, a heating device (electric heater) 30 is also disposed in the second integrated pipe 42c. With the heating device 30 connected in series, the steam (in a superheated steam state) introduced into the ejection pipe 20 can be made higher in temperature.

  However, the steam (steam) from the steam supply pipe 42 can be heated by the electric heater 30 in the ejection pipe 20 to be superheated steam, and the superheated steam can be ejected to an object to be heated (for example, food). It is. Therefore, in addition to the configuration in which the electric heater 30 is disposed in one of the first integrated piping 42b and the second integrated piping 42c, the configuration in which the electric heater 30 is not disposed in any of the first integrated piping 42b and the second integrated piping 42c. It is also possible to make it.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the piping portion (branch piping) 42 d is connected to the ejection pipe 20 via the socket 44. The socket 44 has three branches, and can be inserted into the opening 22 of the ejection pipe 20, and one end of a pipe part (branch pipe) 42 d can be connected to the socket 44. The socket 44 is formed with a socket opening 44 a for inserting the electric heater 30. The electric heater 30 inserted from the socket opening 44 a of the socket 44 is disposed inside the ejection pipe 20 through the opening 22 of the ejection pipe 20. In the example shown in FIG. 3, flanges for connecting the pipes are shown in the pipe part 42d and the pipe part 42a. However, as in the example shown in FIG. May be connected.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of the electric heater 30 of the present embodiment. The electric heater 30 of the present embodiment includes a heat generating portion 30a in which a plurality of heating wires 33 are bundled. The cross section of the illustrated heat generating portion 30a has a circular shape (or a substantially cylindrical shape). A disk-shaped portion (socket-corresponding portion) 30b for fixing to the ejection pipe 20 is provided at the root of the heat generating portion 30a.

  The electric heater 30 of the present embodiment is provided with fins 32. The fin 32 is an annular member having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the heat generating portion 30 a and smaller than the inner diameter of the ejection pipe 20. Moreover, the fin 32 of this embodiment is arrange | positioned at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the heat generating part 30a. The fin 32 increases the surface area of the heat generating portion to improve the heating efficiency, and the flow of the steam (steam, superheated steam) drifting in the ejection pipe 20 is stopped by the fin 32, and the steam (steam, superheated steam) by the effect. It also has the effect of heating.

  Moreover, the electric heater 30 (heat generating part 30a) of this embodiment is comprised from the stainless metal and titanium material which can endure high temperature, and it is preferable to comprise from the titanium material for corrosion prevention. The fin 32 is also made of a stainless metal or titanium material that can withstand high temperatures, and is preferably made of titanium. In addition, if the electric heater 30 is a heating device that can heat the steam (water vapor, superheated steam) introduced into the ejection pipe 20 to be superheated steam having a temperature higher than that of the introduced steam, FIG. It is not limited to the one shown in FIG.

Next, the superheated steam device 100 of this embodiment is further demonstrated, referring FIG.6 and FIG.7. FIG. 6 schematically shows a planar cross-sectional structure of the firing chamber 10 in the superheated steam apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 7 schematically shows a side sectional structure of the firing chamber 10.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the superheated steam device 100 of this embodiment includes a steam generating device 40 that generates steam. The steam generator 40 of the present embodiment is a steam generator that generates steam, and the steam generator 40 has a slight pressure (for example, an absolute pressure of about 0.12 MPaA or less, or a gauge pressure of 0.0187 MPaG or less). Saturated water vapor is generated. Typically, steam (low pressure steam) of 0.13 MPaA or less (in the example, 0.105 to 0.12 MPaA) is used. However, the pressure of the steam (steam) generated by the steam generator 40 is only an example, and a suitable pressure can be adopted according to the actual use conditions. It may be below the pressure.

  The steam generated from the steam generator 40 moves in the pipe 42 as indicated by an arrow 48 and is introduced into the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B). And the introduced steam is heated by the electric heater 30 arrange | positioned in the ejection pipe 20, and becomes superheated steam (superheated steam). In addition, the fin 32 for enlarging an electric heating area is attached to the electric heater 30 shown in FIG. In the illustrated example, a plurality of fins 32 are attached to each electric heater 30. Moreover, it is preferable that the electric heater 30 is located in the inside of the baking chamber 10 with a length of more than half, and moreover, the length of most (for example, 70% or 80% or more) is located. Is more preferable.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the superheated steam generated by the heating of the electric heater 30 is ejected from the ejection port 25 of the ejection pipe 20 as indicated by an arrow 54 to be chain conveyor (or heat-resistant conveyor). The object to be heated (eg, food) 55 located on the surface 50 is brought into contact. That is, the superheated steam in the ejection pipe 20 is ejected from the ejection port 25 located above the chain conveyor 50 to heat the object to be heated (for example, food) 55 (for example, to cook). When the object to be heated 55 is a frozen fish (for example, frozen mackerel), the frozen fish 55 positioned on the chain conveyor 50 is introduced from the inlet 11 of the baking chamber 10 as indicated by an arrow 51 and sprayed from the outlet 25. Baked by superheated steam (54) to become grilled fish. Thereafter, the grilled fish 55 advances forward (downstream) by the chain conveyor 50 and exits from the outlet 12 of the baking chamber 10 as indicated by an arrow 52. Here, an example of the system using the chain conveyor 50 will be described in detail. A grill net (such as heat-resistant stainless steel) is arranged on the chain conveyor 50, and an object to be heated (fish, meat, etc.) on the net. In an example, the chain conveyor 50 may be referred to as a chain conveyor 50.

  8 and 9 are perspective views schematically showing the shape of the ejection port 25 of the ejection pipe 20. The ejection port (through hole) 25a shown in FIG. 8 has a circular shape (or an elliptical shape, an oval shape, or other substantially circular shape). Note that the shape of the ejection port 25a shown in FIG. 8 may be a shape other than a circle or a substantially circle (for example, a quadrangle, a hexagon, etc.). The ejection port 25b shown in FIG. 9 has a slit shape. An elongated strip-shaped slit 25 b is formed in the ejection pipe 20. There may be one or more slit-shaped ejection ports 25b. The ejection port 25 (25a, 25b) is typically formed in a portion directly below the ejection pipe 20 (vertical downward portion), but the ejection port 25 is further added to other portions. May be formed. In addition, the ejection port 25 is not formed in the portion immediately below the ejection pipe 20 (vertical downward portion), and a plurality of ejection ports 25 are formed, for example, in the lower half region of the ejection pipe 20. Is also possible.

  In the superheated steam device 100 of the present embodiment, as described above, the heated object 30 is heated by the steam generated by the steam generating device 40 to generate superheated steam, and the heated object 55 is heated by the superheated steam (54). A firing chamber 10 to be fired is provided. Inside the firing chamber 10, an ejection pipe 20 that ejects superheated steam (54) is disposed. The ejection pipe 20 includes a first pipe 20A inserted from one side 10a of the firing chamber 10 and a second pipe 20B inserted from the opposite side 10b, and the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B. And are arranged alternately. And the heating apparatus 30 of this embodiment is an electric heater, and the electric heater 30 is arrange | positioned in each of the 1st pipe 20A and the 2nd pipe 20B.

  According to the configuration of the present embodiment, since the electric heater 30 is disposed in each of the first pipe 20 </ b> A and the second pipe 20 </ b> B that are alternately disposed in the firing chamber 10, the heating of the electric heater 30 is performed. Therefore, the heated superheated steam can be brought into contact with the heated object 55 immediately. Therefore, when superheated steam is generated outside the firing chamber 10 and the superheated steam is introduced into the firing chamber 10, the superheated steam is brought into contact with the heated object 55 in the firing chamber 10. However, in the case of the present embodiment, higher-temperature superheated steam (for example, superheated steam of 550 ° C. or higher) can be brought into contact with the object 55 to be heated. Therefore, when the temperature of the superheated steam when it is brought into contact with the article to be heated 55 is the same, the configuration of the present embodiment is more energy-efficient than that of the superheated steam generated outside the firing chamber 10. Efficiency is good. Further, since the electric heater 30 is disposed in the first pipe 20 </ b> A and the second pipe 20 </ b> B, the heat of the electric heater 30 can be used to heat the inside of the firing chamber 10. Accordingly, the configuration of the present embodiment can improve the energy efficiency because the heat of the electric heater 30 can be used. More specifically, in the configuration using the electric heater having the same specifications, the superheated steam apparatus 100 having the configuration of the present embodiment reduces the energy cost to 2 / compared with the configuration in which the superheated steam is generated outside the firing chamber 10. It was confirmed by the inventors of the present application that it can be set to 3.

  Furthermore, by arranging the first pipes 20A and the second pipes 20B alternately, it becomes easy to uniformly heat the inside of the firing chamber 10. As a result, the degree of heating of the object to be heated (for example, food) 55 can be made uniform, and a high-quality result (for example, heated food) can be produced. Here, when both the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are inserted from the same side, the side where the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are inserted (the root side), the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B Since there is a difference in the temperature inside the baking chamber 10 between the front end side and the finished product (for example, heated food), the finished product will vary. On the other hand, in the case of the configuration of the present embodiment, the first pipes 20A and the second pipes 20B are alternately arranged, so that it is possible to suppress the occurrence of variations due to such temperature differences.

  In addition, the superheated steam apparatus 100 having the configuration of the present embodiment can uniformly heat the inside of the firing chamber 10 as compared with the case where superheated steam is generated outside the firing chamber 10. The degree of baking of the heated object (for example, food) 55 can be improved, and uneven baking can be reduced. This is because the temperature of the superheated steam sprayed from the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B to the object to be heated 55 is stable as compared with the case of firing with the superheated steam generated outside the firing chamber 10. There is. At the same time, since the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are alternately arranged, the temperature difference of the superheated steam (hot steam) between the root portion and the tip portion of the jet pipe (sparge pipe) 20 is balanced on the left and right. This is because the difference between right and left in the degree of burn can be made uniform. Furthermore, according to the superheated steam apparatus 100 of this embodiment, since a result (for example, grilled fish) can be mass-produced by continuous operation, in addition to reducing the energy cost of each firing, The effect of energy cost reduction in introduction can also be obtained.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 6, two first pipes 20 </ b> A and two second pipes 20 </ b> B are disposed inside the firing chamber 10, but the configuration is not limited thereto. For example, three first pipes 20A and two second pipes 20B can be provided, or two first pipes 20A and one second pipe 20B can be provided. In the firing chamber 10, it is possible to arrange at least one first pipe 20A and two second pipes 20B. However, in order to secure a heating region inside the firing chamber 10 to some extent, the first pipe 20A. It is preferable to use a plurality of second pipes 20B. For example, the first pipe 20A may be eight and the second pipe 20B may be eight. Further, in addition to the region where the first pipes 20A and the second pipes 20B are alternately arranged, a preheated superheated steam ejection pipe arranged by extending from one side may be provided. In addition, as an aspect in which the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are alternately arranged, in addition to the structure in which the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are alternately arranged one by one, for example, two consecutive first pipes 20A are followed by two consecutive pipes. You may employ | adopt the form of the alternating arrangement which arranges the 2nd pipe 20B.

  Further, the steam introduced into the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B may be superheated steam in addition to the fine steam. Specifically, in addition to the electric heater 30 disposed in each of the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B, a further heating device may be disposed between the steam generator 40 and the firing chamber 10. it can. Then, the steam can be turned into superheated steam by the further heating device, the superheated steam is supplied to the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B, and is arranged inside the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B. By the electric heater 30, the supplied superheated steam can be changed to a higher temperature superheated steam. When the further heating device is an electric heater, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, an electric heater is inserted into one or both of the piping part 42b and the piping part 42c, and steam is heated there to generate superheated steam. Can be generated. Note that the superheated steam generated by heating the steam with the electric heater is also a superheated steam at a low pressure, and the internal pressure (superheated steam pressure) during operation of the electric heater is, for example, 1.2 atmospheres or less.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the conditions of each member will be described as an example. The pitch between the first pipe 20A and the first pipe 20A adjacent to the first pipe 20A is, for example, 100 mm to 200 mm (in the example, 150 mm). Similarly, the pitch of the second pipe 20B is, for example, 100 mm to 200 mm (in the example, 150 mm). The width of the firing chamber 10 (the length substantially corresponding to the internal length of the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B) is, for example, 800 mm to 2000 mm (in one example, 1000 mm). Further, in the configuration shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the distance between the ejection port 25 (or the lowermost surface of the ejection pipe 20) of the ejection pipe 20 (20 </ b> A, 20 </ b> B) and the chain conveyor 50 is, for example, 30 mm. ˜100 mm (in one example, 50 mm). Moreover, the height from the bottom face of the baking chamber 10 to the lowest surface of the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) is, for example, 100 mm to 300 mm (in one example, 200 mm). The height from the upper surface (ceiling) of the firing chamber 10 to the uppermost surface of the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) is, for example, 50 mm to 200 mm (in one example, 100 mm). The diameters of the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are, for example, 30 mm to 100 mm (in the example, 50 mm). The shape of the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B is preferably a cylindrical shape from the viewpoint of strength and the like considering aging deterioration, but a shape other than a cylinder may be used. The firing chamber 10, the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B), and the steam supply pipe 42 are typically made of stainless steel.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the superheated steam device 150 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The superheated steam apparatus 150 of this embodiment is an apparatus for performing a process (particularly, food heating or food production) for heating an object to be heated using superheated steam. Moreover, FIG. 11 has shown the mode of the piping structure seen from the upper direction of the baking chamber 10 of the superheated steam apparatus 150 of this embodiment. Further, FIG. 12 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of the firing chamber 10 of the superheated steam device 150 of the present embodiment. Note that description of matters common to the first embodiment described above is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the superheated steam device 150 of this embodiment includes a steam generator (not shown) that generates steam, a heating device 30 that heats the steam 45 to generate superheated steam, and the superheated steam. It is comprised from the baking chamber 10 in which a heating thing is baked. In addition, a plurality of jet pipes 20 for jetting superheated steam are arranged inside the firing chamber 10. The plurality of ejection pipes 20 are inserted into the firing chamber 10. An electric heater 30 is disposed inside the ejection pipe 20. Also in the configuration shown in FIG. 10, the ejection pipe 20 includes a first pipe 20A and a second pipe 20B. In the firing chamber 10, the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are alternately arranged.

  In the configuration of the present embodiment, a connecting pipe portion 43 connected to a steam supply pipe 41 extending from a steam generator (not shown) is disposed around the firing chamber 10 (particularly, the upper portion). The connection piping part 43 is a piping structure part for supplying steam that passes through the steam supply pipe 41 to the ejection pipe 20. And in the superheated steam apparatus 150 of this embodiment, the bypass piping 45 (45A, 45B) which adjusts the internal pressure difference in the connection piping part 43 and the ejection pipe 20 is provided. The bypass pipe 45 (45A, 45B) of the present embodiment connects the upstream part 46a of the connecting pipe part 43 close to the steam supply pipe 41 and the downstream part 46b positioned downstream of the upstream part. ing.

  In the illustrated configuration, the connecting pipe portion 43 is disposed above the baking chamber 10. And the connection piping part 43 is comprised from the integrated piping 43a connected to the steam supply piping 41, and branch piping 43b, 43c extended from the integrated piping 43a. The steam supply pipe 41 is connected to the integrated pipe 43a at a connection point (connection point) 47 of the integrated pipe 43a. Moreover, branch piping 43b and 43c are piping connected to the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B). The branch pipe 43b is a horizontal pipe 43b extending in the same direction as the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B). The branch pipe 43 c is a vertical pipe 43 c that extends in the vertical direction from the horizontal pipe 43 b and is connected to the ejection pipe 20.

  In this configuration example, the second electric heater 30 is inserted into each of the plurality of horizontal pipes 43b. And the 3rd electric heater 30 is inserted in the inside of the integrated piping 43a. The second electric heater 30 and / or the third electric heater 30 can raise the temperature of the steam moving in the connecting pipe portion 43 in series. Note that the second electric heater 30 and the third electric heater 30 are not essential electric heaters, and may be arranged in either one or in a configuration example in which neither is arranged.

  Furthermore, in the configuration of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the connecting piping unit 43 is configured by a plurality of connecting piping units 49A and 49B. In addition, steam supply pipes 41A and 41B are connected to the plurality of connecting pipe units 49A and 49B, respectively. And each connection piping unit 49A, 49B is provided with the integrated piping 43a and the branch piping (43b, 43c). In the illustrated example, two connecting piping units 49A and 49B are shown, but it is also possible to construct the connecting piping unit 43 by connecting three or more connecting piping units (49A and the like). In the illustrated configuration example, a bypass pipe 45C that connects the steam supply pipes 41A and 41B to each other is formed. By this bypass pipe 45C, the pressure difference between the steam supply pipes 41A and 41B can be adjusted (made uniform).

  In the configuration of the present embodiment, the bypass pipe 45 (45A, 45B) is provided, which is based on the following. The inventor of the present application conducted an experiment in the superheated steam device 100 shown in FIG. 1, and even in the structure in which the first pipes 20 </ b> A and the second pipes 20 </ b> B are alternately arranged, the heating in the firing chamber 10 is still performed. It has been found that the temperature unevenness occurs. Of course, the superheated steam device 100 is superior in the uniformity of the heating temperature in the firing chamber 10 compared to the configuration in which the electric heater 30 does not exist inside the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B, and the first Even if the 1 pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are not alternately arranged (staggered arrangement) (one side arrangement), the uniformity of the heating temperature in the firing chamber 10 is excellent. In spite of having such excellent heating uniformity, there is still a non-uniform heating temperature, and the steam pressure in the pipe between each of the jet pipes 20 (20A, 20B) is examined. It has been found that the difference (non-uniformity) of the above is the cause of the non-uniformity of the heating temperature. And in the structure of this embodiment, in order to suppress that a pressure difference arises while a vapor | steam (steam or superheated steam) passes through the inside of the piping structure (connection piping part 43) extended in front and back, length, and width, bypass piping 45 is provided. Thereby, the pressure difference in the connection piping part 43 can be adjusted, As a result, the pressure between each ejection pipe 20 can be made uniform. In addition, the heating temperature of the superheated steam ejected from the ejection pipe 20 can be made uniform, and the uniformity of the heating temperature in the firing chamber 10 can be further improved.

  Moreover, in the structure of this embodiment, the connection piping part 43 is comprised from several connection piping unit 49A, 49B, and it is preferable to reduce the difference in the heating temperature between the connection piping unit 49A, 49B. In the illustrated configuration example, a bypass pipe 45C that connects the steam supply pipes 41A and 41B to each other is provided. Therefore, the pressure difference between the steam supply pipes 41A and 41B can be made uniform by the bypass pipe 45C. As a result, heating temperature unevenness between the connecting piping units 49A and 49B can be suppressed.

  The effect of the structure using the bypass pipe 45 can be obtained even when the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are not alternately arranged (staggered arrangement) (when arranged on one side). When the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are arranged on one side, the temperature unevenness in the firing chamber 10 tends to be larger than when the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are arranged in a staggered manner. Therefore, it is technically significant to make the pressure difference between the first pipe 20 </ b> A and the second pipe 20 </ b> B as uniform as possible by the structure using the bypass pipe 45 to suppress temperature unevenness.

  Furthermore, a valve (for example, a proportional valve) capable of adjusting the flow rate in the pipe is provided in the bypass pipe 45, and the steam pressure in the pipe structure part can be adjusted with higher accuracy by adjusting the valve. Note that a proportional valve (proportional control valve or electromagnetic proportional control valve) is not only an on / off valve open / close control, but can also control fluid proportionally. By changing the control signal to the control valve), the flow rate of the flowing fluid can be continuously controlled in the range of 0 to 100% with respect to the maximum flow rate.

  In addition, even when the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are not arranged alternately (staggered arrangement) without using the bypass pipe 45 (when arranged on one side), the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B are used. The effect of the structure that the electric heater 30 is arrange | positioned in each of these can be acquired. That is, in the case of the structure, the superheated steam that has become high temperature due to the heating of the electric heater 30 can be immediately brought into contact with the article 55 to be heated. More specifically, when superheated steam is generated outside the firing chamber 10 and introduced into the firing chamber 10, when the superheated steam is brought into contact with the article 55 to be heated in the firing chamber 10, The temperature of the superheated steam decreases, resulting in an obstacle to good heat treatment. On the other hand, when heating is performed with superheated steam heated (most recently heated) using the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) in which the electric heater 30 is incorporated, a favorable heat treatment can be performed. Further, since the electric heater 30 is disposed in the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B), the heat of the electric heater 30 can be used to heat the inside of the firing chamber 10, and the electric heater 30 Energy efficiency can be improved by the amount of heat available.

  Further, although not shown in FIGS. 1 and 10, in addition to the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B), a rod-like member having an electric heater (30) can be disposed in the firing chamber 10. . The rod-shaped member having the electric heater (30) does not eject superheated steam, but the inside of the firing chamber 10 can be heated by the electric heater (30). And when the electric heater (30) of the said rod-shaped member is arrange | positioned in one (or both) immediately above and under a to-be-heated material (55), the to-be-heated material (for example, foodstuff) can be baked. As such a rod-shaped member, the one in which the electric heater 30 of this embodiment is built in a pipe (heater pipe) or the one in which the electric heater 30 itself as shown in FIG. Can be mentioned.

  Further, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 10, at least one of the inlet side 11 and the outlet side 12 (both in this example) of the baking chamber 10 is a cavity having a height higher than that of the upper plate portion 10 t of the baking chamber 10. Wind shields 63 and 64 having 16 are provided. FIG. 13 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of the wind shield 63 (64).

  As shown in FIG. 13, by providing the cavity 16 in which the top plate 63t of the windbreak portion 63 is higher than the upper plate portion 10t of the firing chamber 10, the heating atmosphere inside the firing chamber 10 (excellent uniformity of the heating temperature is excellent). Can be maintained more as compared with the case where there is no wind shield 63. That is, when the windbreak portion 63 exists, the atmosphere inside the firing chamber 10 (substantially oxygen-free atmosphere filled with superheated steam) is indicated by an arrow 19 in the vicinity of the entrance (12A) of the firing chamber 10. Since it flows into the windbreak portion 63 and stays in the cavity 16 inside the windbreak portion 63, it can be prevented that it directly goes out to the entrance / exit (12A) of the firing chamber 10. And as shown in FIG. 10, it is more preferable to provide the windbreak part 63 in both the entrance and exit of the baking chamber 10.

  In the example shown in FIG. 13, the height dimension H1 of the opening 12A connected to the outside of the windbreak part 63 (64) is the same as the height dimension H2 based on the upper plate part 10t of the firing chamber 10. However, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 10 (and the example shown in FIG. 14), the height H1 is made smaller. That is, by lowering the exit or entrance (12A) of the firing chamber 10, the atmosphere inside the firing chamber 10 is less likely to be exposed to the outside, thereby maintaining a good heating atmosphere.

  Further, in the example shown in FIG. 14, the windbreak portion 63 (64) is provided with a sorting member 17 that divides the cavity 16 into a plurality of regions 16a and 16b. When the sorting member (sorting plate) 17 is provided in this way, the atmosphere inside the firing chamber 10 remains in the cavities 16a and 16b inside the windbreak portion 63 as indicated by an arrow 19, and thus the firing chamber 10 is more effectively used. Can be prevented from exiting to the doorway (12A).

  The configuration of the windbreak portion 63 can be suitably applied not only to the structure of the superheated steam device 150 shown in FIG. 10 but also to other structures (particularly, the superheated steam device 100 shown in FIG. 1). .

  Further, the bypass pipe 45 described with reference to FIG. 10 can also be applied to the structure shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, a bypass pipe 45 (45A, 45B) that connects locations (46a, 46b) of remote pipes (here, horizontal pipe 42d) where a pressure difference is likely to occur may be provided. it can. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the steam supply pipe 42 a (42) is connected to the center of the pipe (integrated pipe) 42 b, but if it is connected to a position shifted from the center of the pipe 42 b, the steam supply pipe 42 a (42) is separated. Further, since the pressure difference between the locations (46a, 46b) of the horizontal pipes 42d is likely to occur, the technical significance of the pressure uniformity effect by the bypass pipes 45 (45A, 45B) increases.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16, it is possible to provide bypass pipes 45 (45A, 45B) that connect all the horizontal pipes 42d. Further, the bypass pipe 45 can be provided not only with the horizontal pipe 42d but also with the bypass pipe 45 that connects each vertical pipe (distant pipe or all pipes). It is also possible to provide a bypass pipe 45 that connects the pipes on one side and the other side.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a modified example of the superheated steam device of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG.17 and FIG.18 has shown the structure of the heat processing apparatus 200 containing the superheated steam apparatus 100 (or 150) of this embodiment. 17 is a side sectional view of the heat treatment apparatus 200, and FIG. 18 is a plan sectional view of the heat treatment apparatus 200.

  In the heat treatment apparatus 200 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, a preheating chamber 90 is connected upstream of the superheated steam apparatus 100 including the baking chamber 10. The inside of the preheating chamber 90 and the baking chamber 10 has a structure through which the chain conveyor 50 can pass. In the example shown in FIG. 18, a steam ejection pipe 26 is arranged inside the preheating chamber 90, and steam is ejected from the pipe 26 toward the conveyor 50. Preheating is performed by the jetted steam.

  The steam ejection pipe 26 is connected to a steam supply pipe 27. The steam supply piping 27 includes a steam introducing portion 27a, a first common piping portion 27b connected to the steam introducing portion 27a, and a second common piping portion 27c branched from the first common piping portion 27b. When the steam from the steam generator 40 is introduced into the steam introduction part 27a, superheated steam generated by heating the steam from the steam generator 40 with a heating device may be introduced. It may be adopted. The preheating chamber 90 is a device that performs preheating on the object to be heated on the chain conveyor 50. Therefore, if the preheating process can be executed, the steam is discharged from the steam discharge pipe 26 by another method. You may make it inject.

  In the illustrated example, a windbreak chamber 66 is provided on the upstream side (near the entrance) of the preheating chamber 90. A windbreak chamber 67 is provided on the downstream side (near the exit) of the firing chamber 10. In this example, the length of the preheating chamber 90 is exemplarily described. The length of the preheating chamber 90 is 5 to 10 meters. However, the length of the preheating chamber 90 may be appropriately selected according to use conditions.

  In the heat treatment apparatus 200, as shown by an arrow 51, an object to be heated (for example, food) is introduced from the entrance of the chain conveyor 50, and then the object to be heated is preheated in the preheating chamber 90. Thereafter, in the firing chamber 10, heating of the object to be heated is performed by superheated steam ejected from the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B). Finally, as shown by an arrow 52, a heat-treated product (for example, heated food) comes out from the outlet of the chain conveyor 50.

  In the structure shown in FIG. 17, the chain conveyor 50 is made higher than the entrance, but it may be made to proceed while being flat at the same height as the entrance. When the chain conveyor 50 is arranged on the upside, an effect that the heated object can be brought close to the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) in the firing chamber 10 (an effect that the heating can be performed more) is obtained. Moreover, in the preheating chamber 90, the effect that it can be brought close to the vapor | steam ejection piping 26 can be acquired.

  FIG. 19 shows a configuration of another heat treatment apparatus 200. In the heat treatment apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 19, the chain conveyor 50 moves flat, but may be moved upside as shown in FIG. 17. In addition, the heat treatment apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 19 is provided with the high windbreak chambers 66, 67a, 67b and the windbreak chambers 63, 64 with lower heights, so that the heat treatment can be performed more reliably. The state of the heating atmosphere in the apparatus 200 can be kept good.

  FIG. 20 shows a cross-sectional structure of the firing chamber 10 when the superheated steam device 150 is used, and a steam generator (heat exchanger) 70 is disposed beside the firing chamber 10. The steam supply pipe is connected to the connection location 51 of the steam generating unit 70. Details of the steam generating section (heat exchanger) 70 will be described later. Further, FIG. 21 shows a cross-sectional structure in the preheating chamber 90, and a steam generator (heat exchanger) 70 is arranged beside the preheating chamber 90. Similarly, a steam supply pipe 58 is connected to the connection location 59 of the steam generating section 70, and this steam supply pipe 58 is connected to the steam introduction section 27 a of the preheating chamber 90. Here, the steam generation unit 70 of FIG. 20 and the steam generation unit 70 of FIG. 21 are of the same type, but different types can also be used. However, if the same type is used, preparation for installation of equipment in the factory can be facilitated.

  FIG. 22 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing the food (here, mackerel) that has been heat-treated by the superheated steam device 100 (150) or the heat treatment device 200 of the present embodiment. The frozen mackerel introduced into the superheated steam apparatus 100 (or the heat treatment apparatus 200) in the frozen state is baked by the superheated steam apparatus 100 of the present embodiment and comes out as a baked mackerel as shown in FIG. . Since this grilled mackerel (baked fish or baked food) was heat-treated in a good heating atmosphere (under an atmosphere with little heating unevenness) made of superheated steam, the taste was also good.

  In the superheated steam apparatus 100 of this embodiment, compared with the case where the electric heater 30 is installed outside the firing chamber 10 to generate superheated steam, the electric heat in the jet pipe 20 located inside the firing chamber 10 is increased. Since heat treatment is performed using the heater 30, higher-temperature superheated steam can be easily generated, and as a result, energy efficiency can be improved. If it demonstrates from a different viewpoint, compared with the case where the electric heater 30 is installed in the exterior of the baking chamber 10, the heating process of superheated steam can be performed using the electric heater 30 with smaller output.

<Other embodiments>
FIG. 23 shows a modification of the heat treatment apparatus 200 of the present embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 23, the heat processing apparatus 200 provided with the superheated steam apparatus 100 of this embodiment is shown, In this example, between the steam generator 40 and the baking chamber 10, the further heating apparatus 21 is shown. Is arranged. In the illustrated configuration example, a plurality of further heating devices 21 are provided in series (21a, 21b), and the steam moving from the steam generating device 40 through the pipe 42 as indicated by the arrow 48 is heated in multiple stages to be fired. It feeds into the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) located inside the chamber 10.

  More specifically, the steam from the steam generator 40 becomes superheated steam in the first heating device 21a (for example, an electric heater), and then higher-temperature superheated steam in the second heating device 21b (for example, an electric heater). It becomes. Subsequently, the superheated steam is further heated by the electric heater (30) in the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B), and is then sprayed on an object to be heated (for example, food) on the chain conveyor 50, immediately. The object to be heated is heated in contact with. According to the heat treatment apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 12, high-temperature superheated steam can be efficiently generated by heating in multiple stages.

  In this example, a preheating line 90 is disposed upstream of the baking chamber 10. Therefore, the article 55 to be heated on the chain conveyor 50 is preheated in the preheating line 90 and then heated in the baking chamber 10. In the preheating line 90, steam (for example, steam or superheated steam) is introduced as indicated by an arrow 48, and the heated object 55 is heated by the steam (see arrow 56) ejected from the steam ejection pipe 26. Preheating is performed.

  The steam generated by the steam generator 40 of this embodiment means not a high-pressure steam such as boiler steam but a low-pressure steam. In other words, “steam” in the present embodiment is a low-pressure steam (for example, a steam having an absolute pressure of 0.12 MPaA or less) unlike high-temperature and high-pressure steam steam. In addition, "steam" here is characterized by being a low-pressure steam, and any steam (water vapor) that rises from the hot water may be used, and the steam is in a state of becoming white smoke as small water droplets. It is not limited to that. That is, the steam may be in a white smoke state or in a transparent state.

  The steam generator 40 can employ a method in which a certain amount of water (or liquid) is heated by a heating device (for example, a boiler, an electric heater, a high-frequency heating device, etc.), and steam is generated there. Further preferable forms include the following. In order to stably generate steam (slight pressure steam) in the steam generator 40, it is preferable that the water level (liquid level) in the steam generator 40 is kept constant because it is easy to control. Such a steam generator 40 is shown in FIG.

  The steam generating apparatus 40 shown in FIG. 24 includes a water storage tank 76 in which a liquid 77 is stored, and a steam generating unit 70 that generates steam 73 by heating the liquid 77 supplied from the water storage tank 76. . The water storage tank 76 and the steam generator 70 are connected through a communication pipe 75. Here, by being connected through the communication pipe 75, the water level WL1 of the liquid 77 in the water storage tank 76 and the water level WL2 of the liquid 77 in the steam generating unit 70 are obtained using atmospheric pressure (based on Pascal's principle). Match each other.

  More specifically, the steam generator 70 shown in the figure is a heat exchanger and has a liquid path 71 and a vapor path 72 that are independent of each other. In the heat exchanger (steam generation unit) 70, heat exchange is performed between the liquid flowing in the liquid path 71 and the heating steam flowing in the vapor path 72. High-pressure steam (boiler steam) from the boiler 74 is introduced into the steam path 72 of the heat exchanger 70. On the other hand, the liquid path 71 of the heat exchanger 70 is connected to the open water storage tank 76 through the communication pipe 75. The open water storage tank 76 is provided with a water level indicator (for example, a floating ball) 76a indicating the water level. In addition, a pipe (for example, a water pipe) 78 for supplying liquid (water) is connected to the open water storage tank 76. As described above, since the water storage tank 76 and the liquid path 71 are connected by the communication pipe 75, the water level (WL1) of the water storage tank 76 and the water level (WL2) of the liquid path 71 coincide. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, it is possible to easily control the water level (liquid level) WL2 using atmospheric pressure.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 25, the steam generator 40 can be adopted. The steam generator 40 shown in FIG. 25 includes a steam generator 80. The steam generator 80 includes an electric heater 82 that heats the liquid 77 and a housing 81 that houses the electric heater 82 and holds the liquid 77. The housing 81 and the water storage tank 76 are connected to each other by a communication pipe 75. Further, since the housing 81 and the water storage tank 76 are connected to each other by the communication pipe 75, the liquid level (WL2) of the liquid in the housing 81 is caused by the atmospheric pressure as in the apparatus shown in FIG. The water level (WL1) of the liquid 77 in the water storage tank 76 is in a matched state. Therefore, even with the configuration shown in FIG. 14, it is possible to easily control the water level (liquid level) WL2 using atmospheric pressure.

  More specifically, a replenishing tank 79 for replenishing the liquid 77 is connected to the water storage tank 76 via a pipe 78. When the liquid 77 in the water storage tank 76 is consumed, the liquid 77 is appropriately supplied from the supply tank 79. In this example, the water storage tank 76 is provided with a water level indicator (for example, a floating ball) 76a indicating the water level (WL1) of the liquid 77. Therefore, the liquid level indicator 76a can be used to supply the liquid 77 from the supply tank 79 in accordance with the water level (WL1) indicated by the water level indicator 76a. It is also possible to connect a tap (not shown) to the supply tank 79 and introduce tap water into the supply tank 79. Instead of using the replenishing tank 79, it is possible to connect the water supply port to the water storage tank 76 and replenish the liquid 77 from the water supply port.

  In the example shown in FIG. 25, the communication pipe 75 has at least two connection ends on the water storage tank 76 side. The communication pipe 75 (75a, 75b) of this example has two configurations. Or, in other words, the communication pipe 75 has a bifurcated structure, one end of each of the communication pipes 75 a and 75 b is connected to the water storage tank 76, and the other end common to the communication pipe 75 is connected to the housing 81. It is connected. If the control is performed in accordance with the water level (WL1, WL2), only one communication pipe 75 is sufficient. However, when the communication pipe 75 is configured to be plural or branched, the liquid 77 in the housing 81 is liquid. It can suppress that a surface shakes temporarily.

  More specifically, when the number of the communication pipes 75 is one, compared to the case where the communication pipe 75 is branched (75a, 75b), the inflow is likely to be intermittent. The liquid level may be temporarily shaken. On the other hand, when branched like the communication pipes 75a and 75b, intermittent inflow can be suppressed, and as a result, smooth inflow of the liquid 77 from the communication pipe 75 into the housing 81 can be achieved. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the liquid level of the liquid 77 in the housing 81 from being shaken, and it becomes easy to stabilize the liquid level in the steam generating unit 80. That is, in this configuration, the communication pipe 75b is used as an intermittent prevention pipe.

  An electric heater 82 (for example, a plug heater, a flange heater, etc.) is inserted into the housing 81 of the steam generating unit 80, and steam 85 is generated from the liquid 77 when the electric heater 82 heats the liquid 77. . In the steam generation unit 80, heating is performed at an internal pressure substantially equal to the atmospheric pressure (for example, an internal pressure of 1.2 atm or less) during operation. The housing 81 is made of metal (for example, stainless steel), and the electric heater 82 is inserted from the rear portion of the housing 81. The electric heater 82 is provided with fins 83 for increasing the electric heating area. In this embodiment, the electric heater 82 is provided with a plurality of fins 83.

  The steam generated in the steam generating section 80 advances from the housing 81 to the pipe 84 (see arrow 85), and is then introduced into the pipe 42 of the superheated steam device 100. Since the steam is a low pressure steam, unlike the high temperature and high pressure steam steam, the steam progresses slowly in the pipe 42 and reaches the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) of the superheated steam device 100.

  The steam generated by the steam generator 40 of the present embodiment is introduced into the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) as described above. And it is heated by the electric heater 30 in the ejection pipe 20 and becomes superheated steam (superheated steam). If the temperature of the steam generated by the steam generator 40 is, for example, about 95 ° C. to 110 ° C., it is heated by the electric heater 30 and is 150 ° C. or higher, preferably 180 ° C. or higher (or 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. or higher). Of superheated steam (superheated vapor). As described above, the electric heater 30 of the present embodiment is an electric heater of about several kilowatts (for example, a plug heater, a flange heater, etc.).

  As described above, the fins 32 for increasing the electric heating area as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 can be attached to the electric heater 30. In addition to the function of expanding the electric heating area, the fin 32 has a function of increasing the heating efficiency of the electric heater 30 by convection of steam and superheated steam present in the ejection pipe 20. That is, when the fin 32 does not exist, the steam that is the low pressure steam and the superheated steam generated from the steam move slowly in the jet pipe 20, but the fin 32 is provided in the electric heater 30, If the flow of steam and superheated steam is obstructed, convection is generated in the jet pipe 20 by the effect of the fins 32. Due to the convection generated by the fins 32, steam / superheated steam with a small degree of heating is likely to come into contact with the electric heater 30 and the fins 32, thereby improving the heating efficiency for generating superheated steam.

  Moreover, since the steam introduced into the superheated steam device 100 is saturated steam (saturated steam), the superheated steam introduced into the firing chamber 10 is a gas containing a lot of moisture even at a high temperature. Therefore, when food is heated with superheated steam generated by heating steam (saturated steam), it is possible to prevent water from being taken out from the food more than necessary and becoming papasa. In this respect, superheated steam heated to high temperature by heating steam is different from superheated steam heated to high temperature by heating high-temperature and high-pressure steam steam (superheated steam from steam steam).

  Furthermore, superheated steam has the following advantages. First, the heat transfer of superheated steam has a feature that the heat efficiency is very high because radiant heat transfer is added in addition to convective heat transfer. The roasting of fish and meat is more than that of direct fire and gas, and since it is water vapor, convection transfer is fast, and convection transfer is about 10 times faster than air. In addition, superheated steam condenses when it touches a low-temperature substance, and at that time heat is given to the substance to raise the temperature (core temperature) and has the property of heating the substance like heated air. Therefore, firing can be performed in a short time.

  In addition, since the core temperature of the product is increased in a short time, the two steps of thawing and baking can be performed in a short time at a time with frozen foods such as frozen fish, meat, and bread. Furthermore, it is known that when the temperature exceeds a certain temperature, drying in water vapor is faster than in dry air, so that steaming and drying can be performed simultaneously. Moreover, since it can also be finished in a porous state, it can be suitably used for instant noodles and tea making.

  Furthermore, since the superheated steam is in an oxygen-free state (or in a state lower than the oxygen concentration at atmospheric pressure), oxidation of fats and oils, destruction of vitamins, and the like can be suppressed, and product storage can be improved. It is also useful for preventing fading of food. And when water evaporates, it has a property of holding oil, and this property can be used as a deoiling effect.

  Cooking with superheated steam having such characteristics has the potential to prevent the curing of the surface without taking too much moisture of the food (for example, yield of 85% or more) and to bring out the deliciousness of the material.

  The superheated steam device 100 according to the present embodiment operates at an internal pressure of substantially 1 atm, although it can generate superheated steam of, for example, 300 ° C. to 400 ° C. or higher (for example, 550 ° C.). It is carried out. Specifically, it operates at an internal pressure of 1.2 atmospheres or less. In addition, if it is going to perform high temperature heating of 300 degreeC-400 degreeC or more using a boiler vapor | steam, naturally the operating pressure of several atmospheres or more will be requested | required.

  The reason why the superheated steam device 100 can operate at substantially 1 atm is because the steam that is the low pressure steam can be heated to generate high-temperature superheated steam. According to technical common sense, high pressure is essential to generate high-temperature gas. For example, when heating high-temperature and high-pressure boiler steam, is it difficult to actually heat well because the steam flow rate is high? Even if it can be heated, it requires enormous energy and becomes inefficient. On the other hand, in the configuration of the present embodiment, the steam, which is the low pressure steam, drifts slowly in the ejection pipe 20, and can be heated by the electric heater 30 during that time, and is heated to high pressure (for example, 300 ° C. or more) at atmospheric pressure. Superheated steam can be generated. And the high temperature superheated steam can be sprayed to the to-be-heated material 55 on the chain conveyor 50 just under high temperature.

  In addition, when boiler steam (high-temperature and high-pressure steam) is introduced and the boiler steam is further heated and superheated steam is sprayed on food, the superheated steam generated from the boiler steam with high flow velocity is likely to be a good part. The difference with the non-parts is severe, and it is difficult to become a delicious heated food. Also, in the case of superheated steam with a high flow rate, heating control is extremely difficult and is not suitable for very delicate temperature management (heating temperature control) of food heating (for example, it is easy to cause scorching or partial burning) Or unfired parts occur). Furthermore, since the boiler steam contains impurities (for example, strong alkali components), when the superheated steam derived from the boiler steam hits the food, the taste is affected. Further, since the boiler steam contains air, the air functions as a heat insulating material, and heating unevenness occurs due to the air mixed in the superheated steam. To explain further, in heating using superheated steam derived from boiler steam, precise temperature control is not possible because the conditions (temperature, heat, volume, etc.) fluctuate rapidly while boiler steam moves in the pipe. This is a difficult task, and temperature unevenness occurs. In the first place, when boiler steam is heated with a flame type device, superheated steam can only be set at a predetermined temperature, and it is impossible to set a wide range of temperatures, and delicate temperature adjustment is impossible. Heating with such superheated steam causes partial scorching and burning of the food, which increases protein denaturation and leads to poor taste and odor.

  On the other hand, in the configuration of the present embodiment, 0.12 MPaA (104 ° C.) steam (clean steam) 15 is generated by the heat exchanger 90 (in other words, steam indirect steaming steam generator 10), and the above-mentioned. Since the superheated steam is generated by such a mechanism, the superheated steam containing no impurities can be generated, and the flow rate is slow, so that the temperature can be easily controlled. As a result, a delicious food with reduced protein denaturation can be produced by heating the superheated steam with precise temperature control. In addition, since the configuration of the present embodiment is substantially an atmospheric pressure operation, there is a great safety advantage. Moreover, the advantage which can perform a continuous driving | operation (conveyor type driving | operation) as the open-type baking chamber 10 is also large.

  Even in the open-type firing chamber 10, if the temperature of the superheated steam is set to 300 ° C. to 400 ° C. (typical example is 400 ° C. ± 10 ° C.), for example, unthawed frozen fish (frozen mackerel etc.) ) Can be completed in a few minutes in addition to thawing as well as the baking process. Usually, when unfrozen frozen fish is heated in a heating cooker, it takes a considerable amount of time (several tens of minutes or more) just to thaw, and after the extract drips from the frozen fish at the time of thawing, It will be baked. In the configuration of the present embodiment, the inside of the baking chamber 10 operates substantially at atmospheric pressure, and baking can be performed continuously by the chain conveyor 50, so the heat treatment process is performed very efficiently. can do.

  In addition, it is preferable that the temperature of the superheated steam ejected from the ejection pipe 20 is 180 ° C. or higher. This is because the superheated steam obtained by heating steam (saturated steam) changes its properties around 180 ° C. and is suitable for heat treatment of foods and the like. To explain further, superheated steam heated with saturated steam is very light and easily fills every corner of the enclosed space, has a high volumetric expansion rate, low oxygen content, and high heat transfer speed. When the food is heated using such superheated steam, the surface layer of the food can be burnt, penetrates into the outer layer, raises the internal temperature of the food, Since most of the water can be evaporated, it is possible to realize baking that the surface is crisp and the inside is juicy. Since the superheated steam has the property of rapidly changing the temperature with a slight change in the amount of heat, it generates superheated steam of 180 ° C or higher than the relatively unstable superheated steam of about 120 ° C, and the firing chamber It is preferable to introduce it into the inside of 10 in the heat treatment of food.

  In the embodiment described above, the superheated steam apparatus 100 or the heat treatment apparatus 200 using the conveyor 50 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The superheated steam device 100 of the present embodiment can be suitably applied to a batch-type firing device.

  FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the batch-type superheated steam apparatus 100. FIGS. 26A and 26B are a side view and a front view of the batch-type superheated steam apparatus 100, respectively. In the superheated steam device 100 shown in FIG. 26, the firing chamber (or heating chamber) 10 has a structure capable of sealing the inside. The point that the ejection pipe 20 (20A, 20B) in which the electric heater 30 is inserted is disposed inside the firing chamber 10 is the same as the above-described configuration, and thus the description thereof is omitted. In the configuration shown in FIG. 26, a bypass pipe 45 can be provided. In addition, the configuration may be such that the bypass pipe 45 is provided instead of the staggered arrangement, but a more preferable heating atmosphere can be obtained by the staggered arrangement, as described above.

  An object to be heated (55) is arranged in the baking chamber 10, and the entrance 13 of the baking chamber 10 can be closed with a door portion 15. Further, the ejection port (25) of the ejection pipe 20 is set so as to be positioned above an object to be heated (for example, food) disposed in the baking chamber 10. The wheel 67 is provided under the base part 60 of the superheated steam apparatus 100 of this example, and it is comprised so that the superheated steam apparatus 100 can be moved in a factory, for example.

  In the superheated steam apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 26, the door 15 of the baking chamber 10 is opened, food is placed in the baking chamber 10, and then the door 15 is closed to make the baking chamber 10 hermetically sealed. . However, even if the baking chamber 10 is hermetically sealed, the inside of the baking chamber 10 is substantially at atmospheric pressure. Therefore, after the food is heated with superheated steam, the superheated steam device 100 is operated and the heated food It can be taken out and then the next food can be introduced. Therefore, even in the closed type baking chamber 10, the working efficiency can be remarkably increased as compared with the case where the baking chamber 10 is returned to the atmospheric pressure and the food is taken in and out.

  In the above-described embodiment, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the jet pipe 20 (20 </ b> A, 20 </ b> B) is arranged on the upper side of the chain conveyor 50, and the single-sided baking of the object to be heated (for example, food) 55 is performed. Although the structure was shown, the superheated steam apparatus 100 of embodiment which concerns on this invention is not restricted to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 27, the jet pipe 20 (20C, 20D) is also arranged on the lower side of the chain conveyor 50 to perform double-side baking of the object to be heated (for example, food) 55. It is also possible.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 27, the ejection pipe 20 includes a third pipe 20C and a fourth pipe 20D in addition to the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B. The third pipe 20C and the fourth pipe 20D are connected to the steam generator 40 via a steam supply pipe 42. In this example, as shown in FIG. 28, the third pipe 20C is inserted from one side (10a), like the first pipe 20A. The fourth pipe 20D is inserted from the other side (10b), like the second pipe 20B. And the 3rd pipe 20C and the 4th pipe 20D are alternately arranged like the 1st pipe 20A and the 2nd pipe 20B.

  In this example, as shown in FIG. 27, the first pipe 20A and the third pipe 20C are arranged symmetrically with the chain conveyor 50 interposed therebetween. In addition, the second pipe 20B and the fourth pipe 20D are arranged symmetrically with the chain conveyor 50 interposed therebetween. In FIG. 28, the third pipe 20C and the fourth pipe 20D are illustrated with a slight shift so that they can be easily seen in the drawing.

  In this configuration, since the third pipe 20C and the fourth pipe 20D are provided in addition to the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B, not only the surface of the object 55 to be heated but also the object to be heated is provided. The back side of the object 55 can be burned well. And the uneven baking of the back surface of the article 55 to be heated can be reduced. When the first pipe 20A and the third pipe 20C, and the second pipe 20B and the fourth pipe 20D are arranged symmetrically, it is convenient to adjust the degree of burning between the front surface and the back surface of the object 55 to be heated.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 27, the first pipe 20A and the third pipe 20C, and the second pipe 20B and the fourth pipe 20D are arranged symmetrically, but the configuration is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 29, the third pipe 20C is disposed between the first pipe 20A and the second pipe 20B, and the fourth pipe 20D is disposed between the second pipe 20B and the first pipe 20A. It doesn't matter. If it does in this way, superheated steam can be sprayed to the field between the 1st pipe 20A and the 2nd pipe 20B (or between 2nd pipe 20B and the 1st pipe 20A), It is possible to improve the uniformity of the temperature of the located region (region extending in the traveling direction of the chain conveyor 50).

  Further, as in the configuration shown in FIG. 30, the first pipe 20A and the fourth pipe 20D, and the second pipe 20B and the third pipe 20C may be configured as a pair. In the example shown in FIG. 30, the first pipe 20 </ b> A and the fourth pipe 20 </ b> D, and the second pipe 20 </ b> B and the third pipe 20 </ b> C are arranged so as to be symmetrical with respect to the chain conveyor 50. The configuration of double-sided baking of the first pipe 20A to the fourth pipe 20D can be applied not only to the continuous superheated steam device 100 using the chain conveyor 50 but also to the batch-type superheated steam device 100 shown in FIG. Is possible. In the case of the batch-type superheated steam device 100, an arrangement member (for example, a wire mesh or a heat-resistant member) for arranging the object to be heated 55 is arranged inside the baking chamber 10 instead of the chain conveyor 50, and the arrangement is performed. What is necessary is just to arrange | position the 1st pipe 20A and the 2nd pipe 20B, and the 3rd pipe 20C and the 4th pipe 20D across the member.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 31, the ejection pipe 20 located on the lower side of the conveyor 50 and the ejection pipe 20 located on the upper side of the conveyor 50 may be arranged. In addition to this, a suitable arrangement can be adopted as appropriate. For example, it is also possible to arrange a rod-shaped member (a heat pipe or an electric heater 30 alone) having an electric heater (30) in the arrangement of the ejection pipes 20.

  Furthermore, in the superheated steam device 100 of the present embodiment, the electric heater 30 is used as the heating device (temperature raising device). However, when the electric heater is used for other heating devices, a burner (gas burner) is used. It is not necessary to use it. Therefore, the superheated steam device 100 can be operated with a power source (for example, a 200V power source), is very convenient, and is safe because it does not use fire. Moreover, since the superheated steam apparatus 100 is operating at atmospheric pressure, there is an advantage also in this respect from the viewpoint of safety.

  The heated object 55 disposed in the superheated steam apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is typically a food, for example, a marine product (fish, shellfish, mollusk, shellfish, seaweed, etc.), meat (beef, Pork, chicken, ham, bacon, etc.), vegetables, fruits, tea, coffee beans, rice. A bread can also be mentioned as a to-be-heated material. Moreover, rice cooking can also be performed with the superheated steam in the superheated steam device 100. Based on the investigations and experimental results of the inventor of the present application, the rice is heated by sucking plenty of water with superheated steam without being confined to the usual rice cooking method (for example, a rice cooking method that does not take the lid with a low heat first and then a high heat). It was proved that it would be possible to cook delicious rice in a short time. To explain further, when cooked with superheated steam at about 120 ° C to 400 ° C, rice and water quickly reach the boiling point (this is based on the absence of oxygen and all the surroundings are in a high temperature state) and absorb plenty of moisture. Cooked rice is cooked. In addition, rice can be cooked in a state where rice is standing by convection of intense water. In normal rice cooking, heat conduction is slow because it is heated by electric heat only on the bottom (or in some cases, the side) of the kettle, and if you try to make it faster, you have to use high temperature.

  FIG. 32 shows a heat treatment apparatus 200 including the firing chamber 10 (10A to 10C) and the preheating chamber 90. Here, in the case of the rice cooking method, as shown by an arrow 210, first, after the superheated steam heating process (typically 300 ° C. or higher) is performed in the baking chamber 10, the preheating chamber 90 (Typically up to 100 ° C.). In addition, marine products, meats (including ham and bacon ingredients), and especially frozen foods (frozen fish, frozen meats, etc.) are first heated in the preheating chamber 90 as indicated by an arrow 220. (Typically, a maximum of 100 ° C.) is performed, and then heat treatment of superheated steam in the baking chamber 10 is performed. Furthermore, roasting of coffee beans, processing of tea leaves, etc. can proceed as indicated by arrow 230, and heat treatment (typically 200 ° C. to 300 ° C.) of superheated steam in the baking chamber 10 can be performed.

  For example, when the food is fish, the heat treatment with superheated steam is baked without drying, so it is succulent and delicious, and is also sterilized. In the case of meat, it has a soft finish, increases umami, and is greasy. When cooking tempura, low-oil-containing tempura can be obtained simply by adding powdered fats or fats to clothing. In the case of bread, the surface is thin and crisp, and the inside can be obtained with a crispy texture. Even vegetables and eggs can be cooked delicious using the characteristics of superheated steam. In addition, the heating of superheated steam can also be used for roasting coffee and tea leaves.

  In addition, in order to cook rice with the technique of this embodiment, it is good to use the thing of about 150 degreeC superheated steam. The water content can be increased from 120% to 150%, and the cooking time can be shortened by almost half, and the taste can be improved. In addition, the technology of the present embodiment can be suitably used for a marine product steaming process and baking process, as well as confectionery using bread, tea, and rice, or Western confectionery, cooking of meat, vegetables and potatoes It can be used actively for steaming dishes. Furthermore, it can be applied to the processing of fish that can eat even bones by utilizing the characteristics of superheated steam. In addition, superheated steam is also suitable for cooking foods such as rice cakes.

  Further, for example, as the liquid that is the source of the superheated steam, not only water but also other liquids can be used, and the food is cooked using the liquid steam (superheated steam) to which the seasoning is added. It is also possible. However, since the superheated steam is circulated and used, it is desirable to take measures so as not to cause a problem in that respect (for example, an impurity removal step).

  Furthermore, steam frying instead of oil-like heating can be realized in the superheated steam device 100 (150). Specifically, a healthy fly without oil (or less) can be realized by making a fly using high-temperature (ultra-high temperature) superheated steam. Moreover, this makes it possible to solve the deterioration of the factory environment accompanying the oil condition and the environmental problems of waste oil.

  According to the present invention, an energy-efficient superheated steam device can be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Firing chamber 11 Firing chamber inlet 12 Firing chamber outlet 13 Firing chamber inlet 15 Door portion 20 Ejection pipe 20A First pipe 20B Second pipe 20C Third pipe 20D Fourth pipe 21 Heating device 22 Opening portion 25 Ejection port 25a Through-hole 25b Slit 26 Steam ejection pipe 27 Steam supply pipe 27a Steam introduction part 27b First common pipe part 27c Second common pipe part 30 Heating device (electric heater)
31 Wiring 32 Fin 40 Steam generator 41 Steam supply piping 42 Piping 42a Piping portion 42b Piping portion 42c Piping portion 42d Piping portion 44 Socket 43 Connecting piping portion 44a Socket opening 45 Bypass piping 49A, 49B Connecting piping unit 50 Chain conveyor 55 Covered Heated food (food)
60 base 61, 62 Windbreak hood (windbreak room)
65 Control device 66, 67 Windbreak chamber 67 Wheel 70 Steam generating section 71 Liquid path 72 Steam path 73 Steam 74 Boiler 75 Communication pipe 76 Water storage tank 76a Water level indicator 77 Liquid 78 Pipe 79 Supply tank 80 Steam generating section 81 Housing 82 Electric heater 83 Fin 84 Piping 85 Steam 90 Preheating chamber (preheating line)
100 superheated steam device 200 heat treatment device

Claims (46)

A superheated steam device for heating an object to be heated using superheated steam,
A steam generator for generating steam;
A heating device for heating the steam to generate superheated steam;
A firing chamber in which an object to be heated is fired by the superheated steam,
Inside the firing chamber, an ejection pipe for ejecting the superheated steam is disposed,
The ejection pipe includes a first pipe inserted from one side of the firing chamber and a second pipe inserted from the opposite side of the one,
Inside the firing chamber, the first pipe and the second pipe are alternately arranged,
The heating device is an electric heater,
The superheated steam device, wherein the electric heater is disposed in each of the first pipe and the second pipe. Furthermore, a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator is provided,
The steam supply pipe is connected to a connection pipe part that passes steam through the steam supply pipe through the jet pipe,
2. The overheating according to claim 1, wherein a bypass pipe that connects an upstream part close to the steam supply pipe and a downstream part located downstream of the upstream part is connected to the connection pipe part. Steam equipment.   The superheated steam device according to claim 2, wherein the bypass pipe is a pipe that adjusts an internal pressure difference between the connection pipe section and the ejection pipe.   The superheated steam device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the bypass pipe is provided with a valve for adjusting a flow rate in the bypass pipe. At least two steam supply pipes are provided,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a bypass pipe that connects the at least two steam supply pipes to each other is formed.   The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a second heating device that heats steam from the steam supply piping is provided in the connection pipe portion. The second heating device is an electric heater,
The superheated steam device according to claim 6 with which said 2nd heating device is arranged in said connecting piping part. Each of the first pipe and the second pipe comprises a plurality of pipes,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe extend in a horizontal direction and are alternately arranged. The connecting pipe part is disposed above the baking chamber,
The connecting piping part is
An integrated pipe connected to the steam supply pipe;
The superheated steam device according to claim 8, comprising: each of the plurality of first pipes and a branch pipe that connects each of the plurality of second pipes to the integrated pipe. . The branch pipe is
A plurality of horizontal pipes extending in the same direction as each of the first pipes and each of the second pipes;
The superheated steam device according to claim 9, comprising a vertical pipe extending in a vertical direction from each of the plurality of horizontal pipes and connected to the ejection pipe.   The superheated steam device according to claim 10, wherein a second electric heater is inserted into each of the plurality of horizontal pipes.   The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein a third electric heater is inserted into the integrated pipe. The connecting piping part is composed of a plurality of connecting piping units,
The steam supply pipe is connected to each of the plurality of connecting pipe units,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein each of the plurality of connection piping units includes the integrated piping and the branch piping. Furthermore, a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator is provided,
The steam supply pipe is connected to a connection pipe part that passes steam through the steam supply pipe through the jet pipe,
The connecting pipe part is configured by connecting a first pipe member connected to the steam supply pipe and a second pipe member connected thereto,
At least two electric heaters are arranged in series inside the pipe constituted by the first pipe member and the second pipe member,
6. The steam according to claim 1, wherein the steam supplied from the steam supply pipe is heated continuously in series by the at least two electric heaters and moves to the ejection pipe. 6. Superheated steam device.   At least one of the entrance side and the exit side of the firing chamber is provided with a windbreak portion having a cavity having a height higher than that of the upper plate portion of the firing chamber. The superheated steam device as described. The windbreak portion is provided on both the inlet side and the outlet side of the baking chamber,
The superheated steam device according to claim 15, wherein the windbreak portion is provided with a sorting member that divides the cavity into a plurality of regions.   The superheated steam device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein a height dimension of the opening of the wind shield part connected to the outside of the wind shield part is smaller than a height dimension based on an upper plate part of the baking chamber. Furthermore, a chain conveyor that passes through the inside of the baking chamber is provided,
The baking chamber is an open space where the entrance and exit portions of the heat-resistant conveyor are open,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein an ejection port of the ejection pipe is located above the chain conveyor. The first pipe and the second pipe are arranged on the upper side with respect to the chain conveyor,
Further, the ejection pipe includes a third pipe inserted from the one side of the firing chamber, and a fourth pipe inserted from the opposite side of the one,
The third pipe and the fourth pipe are arranged on the lower side with respect to the chain conveyor,
Inside the firing chamber, the third pipe and the fourth pipe are alternately arranged,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein an electric heater for heating the steam to generate superheated steam is disposed in each of the third pipe and the fourth pipe. . The first pipe and the third pipe are arranged symmetrically across the chain conveyor, and
The superheated steam device according to claim 19, wherein the second pipe and the fourth pipe are arranged symmetrically across the chain conveyor. The firing chamber has a structure capable of sealing the inside,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein an ejection port of the ejection pipe is located above the object to be heated disposed in the firing chamber.   The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the electric heater is located in the firing chamber at a length of more than half.   The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising a control device that is connected to the electric heater and controls heating of the electric heater.   In addition to the electric heater disposed in each of the first pipe and the second pipe, a further heating device is disposed between the steam generator and the baking chamber. The superheated steam device according to any one of 23.   The superheated steam device according to claim 24, wherein the further heating device is an electric heater.   The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the electric heater is provided with fins. The electric heater includes a heat generating part formed by bundling a plurality of heating wires,
The cross section of the heat generating part has a circular shape,
The fin is an annular member having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the heat generating portion and smaller than an inner diameter of the ejection pipe,
27. The superheated steam device according to claim 26, wherein a plurality of the fins are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the heat generating portion. In addition to the jet pipe, a rod-shaped member having an electric heater is arranged inside the firing chamber,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the rod-shaped member is disposed at least one directly above and below the object to be heated. A superheated steam device for heating an object to be heated using superheated steam,
A steam generator for generating steam;
A heating device for heating the steam to generate superheated steam;
A firing chamber in which an object to be heated is fired by the superheated steam,
Inside the firing chamber, a plurality of jet pipes for jetting the superheated steam are arranged,
The plurality of jet pipes are inserted into the firing chamber,
A heating device is arranged inside the ejection pipe,
Furthermore, a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator is provided,
The said steam supply piping is a superheated steam apparatus connected to the connection piping part which lets the steam which passes the said steam supply piping pass through the said ejection pipe.   30. The superheated steam device according to claim 29, wherein a bypass pipe for adjusting an internal pressure difference of each of the plurality of ejection pipes is attached to the connection pipe section. Furthermore, a steam supply pipe connected to the steam generator is provided,
The steam supply pipe is connected to a connection pipe part that passes steam through the steam supply pipe through the jet pipe,
The connecting pipe part is configured by connecting a first pipe member connected to the steam supply pipe and a second pipe member connected thereto,
At least two electric heaters are arranged in series inside the pipe constituted by the first pipe member and the second pipe member,
The superheated steam device according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the steam supplied from the steam supply pipe is continuously heated in series by the at least two electric heaters and moves to the ejection pipe. In addition to the jet pipe, a rod-shaped member having an electric heater is arranged inside the firing chamber,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the rod-shaped member is disposed at least one directly above and immediately below the object to be heated. The steam generator is
A water storage tank for storing liquid,
A steam generating unit connected to the water storage tank through a communication pipe, and generating steam by heating the liquid supplied from the water storage tank;
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 32, wherein a water level of the liquid in the water storage tank and a water level of the liquid in the steam generating unit coincide with each other. The steam generator has a liquid path and a vapor path that are independent from each other, and is a heat exchanger in which heat exchange is performed between the liquid flowing in the liquid path and the heating steam flowing in the vapor path,
High pressure steam from a boiler is introduced into the steam path of the heat exchanger,
The superheated steam device according to claim 33, wherein the liquid path of the heat exchanger is connected to the open water storage tank through the communication pipe. The steam generating part is
An electric heater for heating the liquid;
A housing for storing the electric heater and holding the liquid;
The superheated steam device according to claim 34, wherein the housing and the water storage tank are connected to each other through the communication pipe.   The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein the steam generated by the steam generator is saturated steam having a fine pressure of 0.12 MPaA or less. The heated object is food,
The superheated steam device according to any one of claims 1 to 36, wherein the food is at least one selected from the group consisting of marine products, meat, vegetables, bread, rice, coffee beans, and tea. A heat treatment method using superheated steam,
A process of generating steam with a steam generator;
Generating superheated steam by heating the steam;
Introducing the superheated steam into the firing chamber,
Inside the firing chamber, an ejection pipe for ejecting the superheated steam is disposed,
The ejection pipe includes a first pipe and a second pipe inserted into the firing chamber,
An electric heater is disposed in each of the first pipe and the second pipe,
The heat treatment method, wherein the superheated steam introduced into the baking chamber is heated by the electric heater in each of the first pipe and the second pipe. The first pipe is inserted from one side surface of the firing chamber,
The second pipe is inserted from the other side surface of the firing chamber,
39. The heat treatment method according to claim 38, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are alternately arranged inside the baking chamber.   40. The heat treatment method according to claim 39, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe each include a plurality of pipes.   41. The heat treatment method according to claim 38, wherein the internal pressure of the ejection pipe is adjusted by a bypass pipe that adjusts a difference between the internal pressures of the ejection pipe.   The heat treatment method according to any one of claims 38 to 41, wherein when the object to be heated is heated in the baking chamber, the inside of the baking chamber is in a state of less oxygen than the atmosphere. Furthermore, it comprises a heat-resistant conveyor that passes through the inside of the baking chamber,
43. The heat treatment method according to any one of claims 38 to 42, wherein an object to be heated is disposed on the heat-resistant conveyor. The first pipe and the second pipe are arranged on the upper side with respect to the heat-resistant conveyor,
Further, the ejection pipe includes a third pipe inserted from the one side of the firing chamber, and a fourth pipe inserted from the opposite side of the one,
The third pipe and the fourth pipe are arranged on the lower side with respect to the heat-resistant conveyor,
Inside the firing chamber, the third pipe and the fourth pipe are alternately arranged,
44. The heat treatment method according to any one of claims 38 to 43, wherein an electric heater that generates superheated steam by heating the steam is disposed in each of the third pipe and the fourth pipe. .   45. The heat treatment method according to claim 38, wherein a heating temperature in the baking chamber is 300 ° C. or higher. The object to be heated in the baking chamber is a food,
46. The heat treatment method according to claim 38, wherein the food is at least one selected from the group consisting of marine products, meat, vegetables, bread, rice, coffee beans, and tea.