JP2014011700A - Radio communication device - Google Patents

Radio communication device Download PDF

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JP2014011700A
JP2014011700A JP2012148111A JP2012148111A JP2014011700A JP 2014011700 A JP2014011700 A JP 2014011700A JP 2012148111 A JP2012148111 A JP 2012148111A JP 2012148111 A JP2012148111 A JP 2012148111A JP 2014011700 A JP2014011700 A JP 2014011700A
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frequency
transmission
communication
data
interference
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JP5963574B2 (en
JP2014011700A5 (en
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Hiroshi Kondo
博 近藤
Izumi Otsuka
泉 大塚
Akinori Yamamura
彰紀 山村
Yuichi Tokunaga
雄一 徳永
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly restore communication by switching a transmission frequency if a communication fault occurs between a transmitting unit and a receiving unit due to interference.SOLUTION: A radio communication device can switch a communication frequency between a sensor 101 and a controller 203. In order to change the communication frequency if a communication fault occurs, a receiving unit 200 is able to receive frequencies of two channels, and a transmitting unit 100 and the receiving unit 200 have a frequency table 107 describing combinations of three kinds of different frequencies of a transmission main, transmission sub, and response. If the transmitting unit has detected interference, it transmits data to the receiving unit by switching from the main frequency to the sub frequency, and the receiving unit confirms that the data is sent at the sub frequency, looks for a combination describing that the frequency at which the data is sent from a frequency table 209 is the transmission main, and stands ready to receive at respective frequencies of the new combination after that.

Description

本発明は、プラットホームの安全設備である可動式ホーム柵などに設けられる無線通信装置に係わり、特に、可動式ホーム柵に対して配置されたセンサにおける信号干渉に起因する通信障害を回避する無線通信装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a wireless communication device provided on a movable home fence or the like which is a safety equipment of a platform, and in particular, wireless communication that avoids a communication failure caused by signal interference in a sensor arranged with respect to the movable home fence. Relates to the device.

本発明に近い従来技術を記載した文献としては、以下に示す特許文献1〜4がある。
特許文献1(特開2006−157671号公報)に記載の技術は、無線LANアクセスポイントに関するものであり、特許文献2(特開2009−171078公報)に記載の技術は、鉄道CBTC(ATACS)に関するものである。
特許文献1および特許文献2は、周波数組み合わせを記憶し、障害時に切り替える点で本発明に類似はしているが、切り替えの通知には他の通信手段を使うことが言及されており、無線障害によって切り替え指示ができないという問題を解決していない。
特許文献3(特開平9−83424公報)に記載の技術は、ISDNに関するものであり、異常時に周波数を切り替える点で類似するが、通信不能状態においては一度離脱動作となり、復帰に時間がかかるという問題がある。
特許文献4(特開2010−35068公報)に記載の技術は、マルチホップ通信に関するものであり、異常時に周波数を切り替える点で類似するが、障害時に制御情報を全周波数に繰り返し送受信するため、切り替えに時間がかかるという問題がある。
The documents describing the prior art close to the present invention include Patent Documents 1 to 4 shown below.
The technique described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-157671) relates to a wireless LAN access point, and the technique described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-171078) relates to a railway CBTC (ATACS). Is.
Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are similar to the present invention in that they store frequency combinations and switch at the time of failure, but it is mentioned that other communication means are used for notification of switching, and radio interference Does not solve the problem that the switching instruction cannot be made.
The technique described in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-83424) is related to ISDN, and is similar in that the frequency is switched at the time of an abnormality, but in the communication disabled state, it is once disconnected and takes time to recover. There's a problem.
The technique described in Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-3068) is related to multi-hop communication, and is similar in that the frequency is switched in the event of an abnormality, but switching is performed because control information is repeatedly transmitted and received to all frequencies in the event of a failure. There is a problem that it takes time.

特開2006−157671号公報JP 2006-157671 A 特開2009−171078号公報JP 2009-171078 A 特開平9−83424号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-83424 特開2010−35068号公報JP 2010-35068 A

無線通信障害のうち、通信環境の変化に伴う障害は、設計対処が難しく、障害時に原因を特定し、適切な対処を行うことで回避する必要がある。
環境変化による障害原因は、主に(1)信号干渉(第三者の通信や機器のノイズによる周波数干渉)と(2)障害物(遮蔽および反射波フェージング)の2点が考えられ、障害原因が信号干渉の場合は周波数切り替え、障害原因が障害物の場合は通信経路変更の対策を実施する事で大半の障害を克服できる。
Among wireless communication failures, failures associated with changes in the communication environment are difficult to deal with by design, and it is necessary to identify the cause at the time of failure and avoid it by taking appropriate measures.
There are two main causes of failure due to environmental changes: (1) signal interference (frequency interference due to third-party communications and equipment noise) and (2) obstacles (shielding and reflected wave fading). Most of the obstacles can be overcome by implementing a countermeasure for switching the frequency when the signal interference is a signal interference and when the cause of the obstacle is an obstacle.

これまでは、通信異常の傾向を統計的に判断するなどして、原因特定と対処を実施していた。
しかし、産業用途においてはリアルタイム通信の品質向上が要求されるため、後対処では間に合わないという問題点がある。
そこで、ある送信部から受信部へ無線通信した際に、これが失敗した時点で、その原因が信号干渉である場合、ただちに周波数切り替えを実施し、通信スロット期間内での通信リカバリ(通信復旧)を行える無線通信装置を提供することを目的とする。
Up to now, the cause has been identified and dealt with by statistically judging the tendency of communication errors.
However, since there is a demand for improving the quality of real-time communication in industrial applications, there is a problem that it is not in time for post-processing.
Therefore, when wireless communication is performed from a certain transmission unit to a reception unit, when this fails, if the cause is signal interference, frequency switching is performed immediately, and communication recovery (communication recovery) within the communication slot period is performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wireless communication apparatus that can perform this.

この発明に係わる無線通信装置は、センサとコントローラ間の通信周波数の切り替えが行える無線通信装置であって、
周波数干渉による通信障害が発生した場合に通信周波数を切り替えるために、
受信部は、2チャンネルの周波数の受信が可能であり、
送信部および前記受信部は、送信メイン、送信サブおよび応答の3種類の異なる周波数の組みを記載した周波数テーブルを有し、
前記送信部で干渉を検知した場合、データを送信メイン周波数から送信サブ周波数に切り替えて前記受信部に送り、前記受信部では送信サブ周波数でデータが送られてきたことを確認して、前記周波数テーブルからデータが送られてきた周波数が前記送信メインとなる組みを探し、以降新たな組みのそれぞれの周波数で受信待機するものである。
A wireless communication apparatus according to the present invention is a wireless communication apparatus capable of switching a communication frequency between a sensor and a controller,
To switch the communication frequency when a communication failure due to frequency interference occurs,
The receiver is capable of receiving 2 channel frequencies,
The transmission unit and the reception unit have a frequency table that describes a set of three different frequencies of transmission main, transmission sub, and response,
When interference is detected by the transmission unit, the data is switched from the transmission main frequency to the transmission sub-frequency and sent to the reception unit, and the reception unit confirms that the data has been transmitted at the transmission sub-frequency, and the frequency A set in which the frequency at which data is sent from the table is the main transmission is searched for, and thereafter reception is waited for at each frequency of the new set.

この発明によれば、送信部と受信部の間で干渉による通信障害が発生した場合に、ただちに送信周波数の切り替えを実施して早急に通信復旧を行える。   According to the present invention, when a communication failure due to interference occurs between the transmission unit and the reception unit, it is possible to immediately switch the transmission frequency and quickly restore the communication.

周波数ホッピングによる動作例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the operation example by frequency hopping. 従来の「通信異常が発生した場合の状況」を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the conventional "situation when communication abnormality occurs." 本発明による無線通信装置のセンサおよびコントローラの基本的な配置状態を示すとともに、通信障害の原因が信号干渉の場合の状況を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the condition when the cause of a communication failure is signal interference while showing the basic arrangement state of the sensor and controller of the radio | wireless communication apparatus by this invention. 信号干渉検知(特定)の処理を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the process of signal interference detection (specific). 本発明による無線通信装置の送信側および受信側の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the transmission side and receiving side of the radio | wireless communication apparatus by this invention. 送信側における干渉検知時動作例を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the operation example at the time of the interference detection in the transmission side. 受信側における干渉検知時動作例を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the operation example at the time of the interference detection in the receiving side. ACKにおける干渉検知時動作例を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the operation example at the time of the interference detection in ACK.

以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
実施の形態1.
図1は、周波数CH(CH:チャンネル)を送受信で同期して切り替えながら通信する「周波数ホッピング(FHSS)」による動作例を示す図である。
通信を行うためには、送信側と受信側のタイミングを合わせる必要がある。
図1に示すように、特定CH(CH−X)で長い期間のプリアンブルを送出し、CHを変えながら受信を試行して受信側とタイミングを合わせる。
送信側からプリアンブルを送信し、受信側とタイミングが合うことを「同期」と言う。
フレーム(パケットの集まり)を短いパケットに分割、分割された短いパケットのそれぞれを異なる周波数で通信し、CH同期後はフレーム内で次のCHを指定し、送受ともにCHを切り替え、通信を行う。
これによりあるCHの信号干渉(単に、干渉とも記す)によるデータ全滅は防げるが、障害が発生するのは事実であり、また、センサデータのように小さいデータではパケット分割は難しい。そのため、確率的手法ではなく、安定した周波数に切り替える絶対的手法が必要である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an operation example by “frequency hopping (FHSS)” that performs communication while switching the frequency CH (CH: channel) in synchronization with transmission and reception.
In order to perform communication, it is necessary to match the timings of the transmission side and the reception side.
As shown in FIG. 1, a long-term preamble is transmitted on a specific CH (CH-X), and reception is attempted while changing the CH to match the timing with the receiving side.
Sending a preamble from the transmission side and matching the timing with the reception side is called “synchronization”.
The frame (collection of packets) is divided into short packets, and each of the divided short packets is communicated at different frequencies. After CH synchronization, the next CH is designated in the frame, and transmission and reception are switched between CHs for communication.
This prevents data annihilation due to signal interference of a certain CH (also simply referred to as interference), but it is true that a failure occurs, and packet division is difficult with small data such as sensor data. Therefore, an absolute method for switching to a stable frequency is required instead of a probabilistic method.

図2は、従来の「通信異常が発生した場合の状況」を示す図である。
従来は、図2に示すように、通信障害が発生した場合はセンサS1とコントローラC1、C2の通信は不可となっていた。
なお、図2において、「制御NW」とあるのは、「制御ネットワーク」のことである。
また、監視装置20は、例えば可動式ホーム柵の開閉状態や故障状態などを監視する。
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a conventional “situation when a communication abnormality occurs”.
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 2, when a communication failure occurs, communication between the sensor S1 and the controllers C1 and C2 is impossible.
In FIG. 2, “control NW” means “control network”.
In addition, the monitoring device 20 monitors, for example, the open / closed state and failure state of the movable home fence.

図3は、本発明による無線通信装置のセンサおよびコントローラの基本的な配置状態を示すとともに、通信障害の原因が信号干渉の場合の状況を示す図である。
なお、本発明による無線通信装置は、例えば、駅のプラットホームの可動式安全柵に対して適用する場合を想定しており、センサはカメラセンサである。
図3に示すように、複数のセンサS1、S2は、可動式ホーム柵の開口部の上方(天井など)に配置する。また、複数のコントローラC1〜C3は、複数のセンサS1、S2と対向する位置で可動式ホーム柵の戸袋部分に配置する。ここで、センサS1、S2は、可動式ホーム柵の扉での「異物挟まれ」を監視・検知する。コントローラC1〜C3は、可動式ホーム柵の扉の開閉制御(モータ)を実施する。
なお、「監視・記載」などと記載している「・」は、「および」を意味している。
図3は、通信障害の原因が信号干渉の場合、従来ではセンサS1とコントローラC1、C2の通信は不可であったが、通信周波数を変えることにより通信障害が回避でき、センサS1とコントローラC1、C2の通信が可能となる状況を示している。
本発明では、通信障害のうちの信号干渉に着目し、干渉発生時の対処方法について記載する。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a basic arrangement state of the sensors and controllers of the wireless communication apparatus according to the present invention and a situation when the cause of communication failure is signal interference.
In addition, the case where the radio | wireless communication apparatus by this invention is applied with respect to the movable safety fence of the platform of a station is assumed, for example, and a sensor is a camera sensor.
As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of sensors S <b> 1 and S <b> 2 are arranged above the opening (such as the ceiling) of the movable home fence. Further, the plurality of controllers C1 to C3 are arranged in the door pocket portion of the movable home fence at positions facing the plurality of sensors S1 and S2. Here, the sensors S1 and S2 monitor and detect “a foreign object is caught” at the door of the movable platform fence. The controllers C1 to C3 perform door opening / closing control (motor) of the movable home fence.
In addition, “·” described as “monitoring / description” means “and”.
FIG. 3 shows that when the cause of communication failure is signal interference, communication between the sensor S1 and the controllers C1 and C2 has been impossible in the past. However, the communication failure can be avoided by changing the communication frequency. The situation where C2 communication is possible is shown.
In the present invention, attention is paid to signal interference among communication failures, and a countermeasure method when interference occurs will be described.

本発明における信号干渉について、下記のように定義しておく。
送信側でパケット発信の直前(直後)の受信強度を監視し、受信部側で想定する本来のパケットの受信強度に干渉を与えるだけの受信強度を検出した上で通信失敗(ACK無応答)した場合、もしくは受信側でヘッダは得たもののその後のフレームにエラーあり、受信強度が正常であった障害原因は信号干渉と判断する。
なお、ACK(ACKNOWLEDGE)とは、受信完了信号である。
The signal interference in the present invention is defined as follows.
The transmission side monitors the reception strength immediately before (immediately after) the packet transmission, and the reception unit detects the reception strength sufficient to interfere with the expected reception strength of the packet, and then the communication fails (no ACK response). In this case, or even though the header is obtained on the receiving side, there is an error in the subsequent frame, and it is determined that the cause of the failure in which the reception intensity is normal is signal interference.
Note that ACK (ACKNOWLEDGE) is a reception completion signal.

図4は、信号干渉検知の処理を説明するための図であり、送信時と受信時に信号干渉を特定できるケースを示している。
図4において、401、402、403は他者の通信ノイズ、501は本来のパケットのヘッダ部分、502は本来のパケットの中間部分である。
なお、干渉の場合は、パケットのヘッダ部分と中間部分に受信強度の変化は出ない。
(A)送信時に干渉を特定(検知)できるケース
ヘッダ部分501が干渉破壊されるとデータは受信部に伝わらない。
この場合、パケット送出直前の受信観測を行うことにより送信側で干渉を検知する。
(B)受信時に干渉を特定(検知)できるケース
中間部分502が干渉破壊されると送信部は分からない。
この場合、受信パケットエラーとなり、受信部側で干渉を特定(検知)する。
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining signal interference detection processing, and shows a case in which signal interference can be specified during transmission and reception.
In FIG. 4, 401, 402, and 403 are communication noises of others, 501 is a header portion of the original packet, and 502 is an intermediate portion of the original packet.
In the case of interference, there is no change in the received intensity between the header part and the intermediate part of the packet.
(A) Case where interference can be specified (detected) at the time of transmission When the header portion 501 is destroyed by interference, data is not transmitted to the receiving unit.
In this case, interference is detected on the transmission side by performing reception observation immediately before packet transmission.
(B) Case in which interference can be specified (detected) at the time of reception When the intermediate portion 502 is destroyed by interference, the transmitter is not known.
In this case, a reception packet error occurs, and interference is specified (detected) on the receiving unit side.

図5は、本発明による無線通信装置の構成を示す図であり、図5(a)は送信部の構成、図5(b)は受信部の構成を示している。
なお、図5(a)におけるセンサ101は、図3のセンサS1に相当するものであり、図5(b)におけるコントローラ203は、図3のコントローラC1、C2に相当するものである。
まず、図5(a)を用いて、送信部100の動作について説明する。
センサ101で受信した可動式ホーム柵の扉部分の異物検知有無データを、データ送信手段102の送信処理方法に従いデータ送信処理を行う。
5A and 5B are diagrams showing the configuration of the wireless communication apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 5A shows the configuration of the transmission unit, and FIG. 5B shows the configuration of the reception unit.
The sensor 101 in FIG. 5A corresponds to the sensor S1 in FIG. 3, and the controller 203 in FIG. 5B corresponds to the controllers C1 and C2 in FIG.
First, operation | movement of the transmission part 100 is demonstrated using Fig.5 (a).
The foreign substance detection presence / absence data of the door portion of the movable platform fence received by the sensor 101 is subjected to data transmission processing according to the transmission processing method of the data transmission means 102.

データ送信手段102では、以下の処理にて送信方法が決定する。
無線伝送手段103からの無線通信データを元に、受信強度計測手段104で無線強度の判定を行い、同時に、ACK受信手段105のACK受信方法に従いACK受信処理を行う。
ACK受信処理では、受信部からのACK(応答)情報より受信側で検知した通信障害情報を抜き出すことと、ACKの受信データの状態(正常あるいは破損)を確認する。
また、通信時間管理手段106にてそれぞれのフレーム(通信の単位)の通信が予定の時間内に正常に完了できているかの判定を行う。
In the data transmission means 102, the transmission method is determined by the following processing.
Based on the wireless communication data from the wireless transmission means 103, the reception strength measuring means 104 determines the wireless strength, and at the same time, an ACK reception process is performed according to the ACK reception method of the ACK receiving means 105.
In the ACK reception process, the communication failure information detected on the receiving side is extracted from the ACK (response) information from the reception unit, and the state (normal or damaged) of the ACK reception data is confirmed.
Further, the communication time management means 106 determines whether the communication of each frame (communication unit) has been completed normally within the scheduled time.

その後、受信強度計測手段104、ACK受信手段105、通信時間管理手段106により得られた情報を基に障害の原因を突き止める。そして、障害の原因が干渉の場合は、周波数変更手段108は送信周波数パターンテーブル107を参照して送信周波数を決定し、決定した送信周波数情報をコマンド発行手段109に送付する。
データ送信手段102は、コマンド発行手段109にて決定された周波数でデータ送信を行う。
これらによって得られたコマンドおよび通信時間管理手段106の通信時間管理方法、ACK受信手段105にて得られたACK情報を元にして送信方法を決定する。
通信手段としては、無線伝送手段103の伝送手順・伝送方法に従って無線通信処理を行う。
Thereafter, the cause of the failure is determined based on the information obtained by the received intensity measuring means 104, the ACK receiving means 105, and the communication time management means 106. When the cause of the interference is interference, the frequency changing unit 108 determines the transmission frequency with reference to the transmission frequency pattern table 107 and sends the determined transmission frequency information to the command issuing unit 109.
The data transmission unit 102 performs data transmission at the frequency determined by the command issuing unit 109.
The transmission method is determined based on the command obtained by these, the communication time management method of the communication time management means 106, and the ACK information obtained by the ACK reception means 105.
As a communication means, wireless communication processing is performed according to the transmission procedure / transmission method of the wireless transmission means 103.

次に、図5(b)を用いて、受信部200の動作について説明する。
無線伝送手段201の伝送手順・伝送方法に従って無線通信処理を行い、データ受信手段202の受信方法に従いデータ受信処理を行う。
データ受信処理によって得られた送信側情報(センサ情報等)をコントローラ203に送信する。
また、受信データ蓄積手段204のデータ蓄積方法に従って送信側情報のデータ蓄積処理を行う。
その後、コマンド発行手段205のコマンド発行方法に従ってコマンド発行処理を行い、これによって得られたコマンドを元にしてACK送信手段206の送信方法に従いACK送信処理を行う。
Next, the operation of the receiving unit 200 will be described with reference to FIG.
Wireless communication processing is performed according to the transmission procedure / transmission method of the wireless transmission means 201, and data reception processing is performed according to the reception method of the data reception means 202.
Transmission side information (sensor information and the like) obtained by the data reception process is transmitted to the controller 203.
Further, the data storage process of the transmission side information is performed according to the data storage method of the reception data storage means 204.
Thereafter, command issue processing is performed according to the command issuing method of the command issuing means 205, and ACK transmission processing is performed according to the transmission method of the ACK transmission means 206 based on the command obtained thereby.

ACK送信処理完了後に無線伝送手段201の伝送手順・伝送方法に従って無線通信処理を行う。コマンド発行手段205のコマンド発行方法の決定に当たっては、以下の処理を実施する。
無線伝送手段201からの無線通信データを元に、受信強度計測手段207で無線強度の判定を行い、同時にデータ受信手段202の受信方法に従いデータ受信処理を行う。
データ受信処理では受信データの状態(正常あるいは破損)を確認する。その後、受信強度計測手段207とデータ受信手段202で得られた情報を元にして、障害原因判別手段208にて障害の原因を突き止める。そして、障害の原因が干渉の場合は、周波数変更手段210は、送信周波数パターンテーブル209を参照して送信周波数情報を取得して周波数を変更し、無線伝送手段201は変更された送信周波数でデータの無線伝送を行う。
After the completion of the ACK transmission process, the wireless communication process is performed according to the transmission procedure / transmission method of the wireless transmission means 201. In determining the command issuing method of the command issuing means 205, the following processing is performed.
Based on the wireless communication data from the wireless transmission unit 201, the wireless strength is determined by the reception strength measuring unit 207, and at the same time, data reception processing is performed according to the reception method of the data receiving unit 202.
In the data reception process, the status (normal or damaged) of the received data is confirmed. Thereafter, based on the information obtained by the reception intensity measuring means 207 and the data receiving means 202, the cause of failure is determined by the failure cause determination means 208. When the cause of the interference is interference, the frequency changing unit 210 refers to the transmission frequency pattern table 209 to acquire transmission frequency information and changes the frequency, and the wireless transmission unit 201 performs data transmission at the changed transmission frequency. Wireless transmission.

以上は、障害の原因が干渉である場合の送信部および受信部の処理について述べたが、実際には障害の原因が障害物(遮蔽および反射波フェージング)の場合もある。
障害の原因が障害物の場合は、対向して配置された複数のセンサとコントローラ間の通信経路を切り替えて対処することになる。しかし、本発明は、障害の原因が干渉の場合の通信品質の劣化を防止することを目的とするものであるので、障害の原因が障害物である場合の対策については説明を割愛する。
Although the processing of the transmission unit and the reception unit when the cause of the failure is interference has been described above, the cause of the failure may actually be an obstacle (shielding and reflected wave fading).
When the cause of the obstacle is an obstacle, the communication path between the plurality of sensors arranged opposite to each other and the controller is switched. However, the present invention aims to prevent deterioration of communication quality when the cause of the failure is interference, and the description of the countermeasure when the cause of the failure is an obstacle will be omitted.

本発明による無線通信装置は、送信部が定期的にセンサ情報を受信部に無線伝送し、受信部のコントローラに伝える装置において、周波数切り替えを実現する仕組みを加えた構成である。
すなわち、一般的な通信構成に加え、受信部には2CHの周波数を受信可能な無線伝送手段を備える。
また、送受信部ともに、周波数変更手段と周波数パターンテーブルを備える。
基本的な通信は、送信部がデータを送信、受信部が応答を返す動作を行うものとする。
The wireless communication apparatus according to the present invention has a configuration in which a mechanism for realizing frequency switching is added to an apparatus in which a transmission unit periodically transmits sensor information to a reception unit and transmits the information to a controller of the reception unit.
That is, in addition to a general communication configuration, the receiving unit includes a wireless transmission unit capable of receiving a 2CH frequency.
In addition, both the transmission and reception units include frequency changing means and a frequency pattern table.
In basic communication, a transmission unit transmits data and a reception unit returns a response.

以下、図6〜8および表1、2を用いて、本発明による無線通信装置の詳細な動作例に
ついて説明する。なお、干渉検知は、図4により判断する。
図6は、送信側における干渉検知時動作例を説明するための図である。
なお、図6〜図8において「キャリアセンス」とあるが、キャリアセンスとは、ネットワーク上に信号を送出する前に、「他の機器が同じ周波数の信号を送出している最中か」を検出する機能のことである。
また、表1は送信周波数パターンテーブルの例、表2はACK周波数パターテーブルの例である。
送受信共に同じ周波数パターンテーブルを設定している。(今回はパターン1に設定)
Hereinafter, detailed operation examples of the wireless communication apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the interference detection is determined according to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an operation example during interference detection on the transmission side.
6 to 8, “carrier sense” refers to carrier sense. Before sending a signal to the network, “carrier is sending a signal of the same frequency”. It is a function to detect.
Table 1 is an example of a transmission frequency pattern table, and Table 2 is an example of an ACK frequency pattern table.
The same frequency pattern table is set for both transmission and reception. (This time set to pattern 1)

Figure 2014011700
Figure 2014011700

Figure 2014011700
Figure 2014011700

図6、表1、2を用いて、送信側における干渉検知時動作の例について、具体的に説明する。
(1)送信側60aでCH=2のときに干渉検知する。しかし、キャリアセンスを検出しているのでこのままでは送信できない。
(2)CH=10では送信側60aで干渉が検知されなかった。
(3)CH=10でキャリアセンス未検出であるので、CH=10で受信側60bに送信する。
(4)受信側60bはサブ周波数で受信を検知する。つまり、受信側60bではCH=10で干渉が検知されない。
(5)CH=10で通信に成功したので、CH=10をサブ周波数からメイン周波数に変更するよう受信側60bから送信側60aへ通知する。
(6)CH=8を用いて、受信完了と周波数変更を送信側60aに要求する。
(7)メイン周波数CH−A=10であるパターンを検索し、新たにメインとサブのパターンを決定する。(パターン5)
(8)これ以降は、干渉検知されるまではパターン5での通信を行う。
An example of the operation at the time of interference detection on the transmission side will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
(1) Interference detection is performed when CH = 2 on the transmission side 60a. However, since carrier sense is detected, it cannot be transmitted as it is.
(2) No interference was detected on the transmission side 60a when CH = 10.
(3) Since CH = 10 and carrier sense is not detected, transmission is made to the receiving side 60b with CH = 10.
(4) The receiving side 60b detects reception at the sub-frequency. That is, no interference is detected on the receiving side 60b with CH = 10.
(5) Since communication was successful at CH = 10, the receiving side 60b notifies the transmitting side 60a to change CH = 10 from the sub frequency to the main frequency.
(6) Using CH = 8, request the transmission side 60a to complete reception and change frequency.
(7) A pattern having a main frequency CH-A = 10 is searched, and new main and sub patterns are determined. (Pattern 5)
(8) From this point on, communication in pattern 5 is performed until interference is detected.

次に、図7、表1、2を用いて、受信側における干渉検知時動作の例について具体的に説明する。
(1)送信側70aでは、CH=2で干渉検知されない。
(CH=2でキャリアセンスは未検出。)
(2)CH=2でキャリアセンスは未検出であるので、送信側がCH=2で送信する。
(3)CH=2では受信できなかった。(つまり、受信側で干渉発生中)
(4)応答メッセージで送信周波数の切替要求を追加。
(5)受信に失敗したので、送信側70aにサブ周波数での送信を要求。
(6)送信側でCH=10では干渉検知されない。
(7)送信側がCH=10で再度送信する。
(8)CH=10で受信し、受信完了を通知。
(9)送信側でCH=10がメイン周波数となる新たな周波数パターンテーブル(パターン2)を設定する。
Next, an example of the operation at the time of interference detection on the reception side will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
(1) On the transmission side 70a, interference detection is not performed with CH = 2.
(CH = 2 and carrier sense is not detected.)
(2) Since CH = 2 and carrier sense is not detected, the transmission side transmits with CH = 2.
(3) Reception was not possible with CH = 2. (In other words, interference is occurring on the receiving side)
(4) A request for switching the transmission frequency is added in the response message.
(5) Since the reception has failed, the transmission side 70a is requested to transmit at the sub-frequency.
(6) No interference is detected at CH = 10 on the transmission side.
(7) The transmitting side transmits again with CH = 10.
(8) Receiving with CH = 10 and notifying completion of reception.
(9) A new frequency pattern table (pattern 2) in which CH = 10 is the main frequency is set on the transmission side.

次に、図8、表1、2を用いて、ACKにおける干渉検知時動作例について、具体的に説明する。
(1)送信側(80a)ではCH=2で干渉が検知されない。
(CH=2でキャリアセンスは未検出。)
(2)CH=2でキャリアセンスは未検出であるので、送信側がCH=2で送信する。
(3)応答用の周波数であるCH=8(パターン1)が受信側(80b)で干渉検知。
(4)受信側からの通知がないので、送信側が再度CH=2で送信する。
(5)CH=2で再度送信側が送信。
(6)CH=8が使えないので、送信用の周波数と重複しないACK周波数を設定。
(ACK周波数のパターン2,3は送信周波数と重複のためパターン4)
(7)パターン4のCH=9で信号干渉が検知されない。
(8)CH=9で受信完了通知とACK周波数の変更切替を要求。
Next, referring to FIG. 8 and Tables 1 and 2, an example of operation at the time of interference detection in ACK will be specifically described.
(1) On the transmission side (80a), no interference is detected at CH = 2.
(CH = 2 and carrier sense is not detected.)
(2) Since CH = 2 and carrier sense is not detected, the transmission side transmits with CH = 2.
(3) CH = 8 (pattern 1), which is a response frequency, detects interference on the receiving side (80b).
(4) Since there is no notification from the receiving side, the transmitting side transmits again with CH = 2.
(5) The transmission side transmits again with CH = 2.
(6) Since CH = 8 cannot be used, an ACK frequency that does not overlap with the transmission frequency is set.
(ACK frequency patterns 2 and 3 are pattern 4 because they overlap with the transmission frequency)
(7) No signal interference is detected at CH = 9 of pattern 4.
(8) Request for completion of reception and change of ACK frequency when CH = 9.

以下に、周波数変更手段の動作、送信側の干渉検知時動作、受信側の干渉検知時動作、およびACKの干渉検知時動作について、説明を補足しておく。
[周波数変更手段の動作]
送受両方の周波数パターンテーブルには、送信メイン、送信サブ、応答の3種類を異なる周波数に割り当てた組を複数備える。
各組における送信メイン、サブはすべて異なる周波数とし、いずれかの周波数から、パターンテーブル上のどのパターンであるかを特定できるようにしておく。
応答周波数は、メイン、サブとは独立しており、切り替え指示時の周波数の切替順番を規定する。すなわち、パターンテーブルは表1,2に基づいており、基本的にはパターンテーブルNo.の若い方から順に設定するが、送信側の周波数と受信(ACK)側の周波数が重複しないように設定する。
通常は、送受が同じテーブル組に基づき、送信メイン周波数で送信部がデータ送信し、応答周波数で受信部が応答を返している。
The following description supplements the operation of the frequency changing unit, the operation at the time of interference detection on the transmission side, the operation at the time of interference detection on the reception side, and the operation at the time of interference detection of ACK.
[Operation of frequency changing means]
The frequency pattern tables for both transmission and reception include a plurality of sets in which three types of transmission main, transmission sub, and response are assigned to different frequencies.
The transmission mains and subs in each set are all different in frequency, and it is possible to specify which pattern on the pattern table from any frequency.
The response frequency is independent of the main and sub, and defines the frequency switching order when switching is instructed. That is, the pattern table is based on Tables 1 and 2. Basically, the pattern table No. Are set in order from the younger, but the frequency on the transmission side and the frequency on the reception (ACK) side are set so as not to overlap.
Normally, based on the same table set for transmission and reception, the transmission unit transmits data at the transmission main frequency, and the reception unit returns a response at the response frequency.

[送信側の干渉検知時動作(図6)]
送信側にて干渉を検知した場合、ただちに送信サブ周波数に切り替える。
受信部は、周波数パターンテーブルに基づき、送信メイン、サブ両CHを受信可能としているため、サブ周波数の送信データを受信できる。
受信部は、サブ周波数での受信を検知すると、周波数パターンテーブルを参照し、送信メインが受信したサブ周波数と一致するパターンを探し、以後新たな送信メイン、サブ周波数で受信待機するとともに、応答メッセージにて送信部に周波数変更を通知する。送信部は、応答受信により送信サブ周波数による通信が成功したことを知り、これをメイン周波数とする周波数パターンを検索し、新たな送信メイン、サブ周波数を設定する。
[Transmission-side interference detection operation (Fig. 6)]
When interference is detected on the transmission side, the transmission is immediately switched to the transmission sub-frequency.
Since the receiving unit can receive both the transmission main and sub CHs based on the frequency pattern table, it can receive the transmission data of the sub frequency.
When the reception unit detects reception at the sub-frequency, it looks up the pattern matching the sub-frequency received by the transmission main with reference to the frequency pattern table, and thereafter waits for reception at the new transmission main and sub-frequency, and also responds to the response message. To notify the transmitter of the frequency change. The transmission unit learns that communication by the transmission sub-frequency has succeeded by receiving the response, searches for a frequency pattern using this as the main frequency, and sets a new transmission main and sub-frequency.

[受信側の干渉検知時動作(図7)]
一方、送信メイン周波数の干渉を受信側で検知した場合、応答メッセージに周波数切替を指示する。
これを受けた送信部は、サブ周波数で送信リトライ(送信再試行)を行う。以後は送信側で干渉検知した場合と同等である。
[Reception-side interference detection operation (Fig. 7)]
On the other hand, when interference on the transmission main frequency is detected on the receiving side, frequency switching is instructed in the response message.
Receiving this, the transmission unit performs transmission retry (transmission retry) at the sub-frequency. The subsequent steps are the same as when interference is detected on the transmission side.

[ACKの干渉検知時動作(図8)]
最後に、応答周波数の干渉を送信側で検知した場合、送信リトライを実施するとともに、メッセージに応答周波数の切り替え指示を加える。
受信部は、これに従い周波数テーブルを参照し、新たな周波数を設定する。
なお、テーブル上の新たな応答周波数が、送信メイン、サブ周波数と一致するときは、これをスキップし、異なる周波数を設定する。
送信部も、周波数テーブルに従い同周波数で受信できるように設定する。
以上により、最大2往復で周波数切り替えての通信リカバリを完了することができる。
なお、本発明では、送信メイン周波数に障害が発生した場合は、サブ周波数で通信が可能である場合を想定している。そのため、何らかの障害により送信できないケースは除外する。
[Operation when ACK interference is detected (Fig. 8)]
Finally, when response frequency interference is detected on the transmission side, a transmission retry is performed and a response frequency switching instruction is added to the message.
The receiving unit refers to the frequency table according to this and sets a new frequency.
When the new response frequency on the table matches the transmission main and sub frequencies, this is skipped and a different frequency is set.
The transmission unit is also set so as to be able to receive at the same frequency according to the frequency table.
As described above, it is possible to complete the communication recovery by switching the frequency by a maximum of two reciprocations.
In the present invention, when a failure occurs in the transmission main frequency, it is assumed that communication is possible at the sub-frequency. Therefore, cases that cannot be transmitted due to some kind of failure are excluded.

本発明は、干渉による通信障害が発生した場合に、ただちに周波数切り替えを実施して早急に通信復旧を行える無線通信装置の実現に有用である。
なお、本発明は、その発明の範囲内において、実施の形態を適宜、変形、省略することが可能である。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful for realizing a wireless communication apparatus that can immediately perform frequency switching and quickly restore communication when a communication failure due to interference occurs.
In the present invention, the embodiments can be appropriately modified and omitted within the scope of the invention.

S1、S2 センサ
C1、C2、C3 コントローラ
100 送信部 101 センサ
102 データ送信手段 103 無線伝送手段
104 受信強度計測手段 105 ACK受信手段
106 通信時間管理手段 107 送信周波数パターンテーブル
108 周波数変更手段 109 コマンド発行手段
200 受信部 201 無線伝送手段201
202 データ受信手段 203 コントローラ
204 受信データ蓄積手段 205 コマンド発行手段
206 ACK送信手段206 207 受信強度計測手段
208 障害原因判別手段 209 送信周波数パターンテーブル
210 周波数変更手段
S1, S2 Sensor C1, C2, C3 Controller 100 Transmitter 101 Sensor 102 Data transmission means 103 Wireless transmission means 104 Reception strength measurement means 105 ACK reception means 106 Communication time management means 107 Transmission frequency pattern table 108 Frequency change means 109 Command issuing means 200 Receiving Unit 201 Wireless Transmission Unit 201
202 Data Receiving Means 203 Controller 204 Received Data Accumulating Means 205 Command Issuing Means 206 ACK Transmitting Means 206 207 Reception Strength Measuring Means 208 Failure Cause Determination Means 209 Transmission Frequency Pattern Table 210 Frequency Changing Means

Claims (3)

センサとコントローラ間の通信周波数の切り替えが行える無線通信装置であって、
周波数干渉による通信障害が発生した場合に通信周波数を切り替えるために、
受信部は、2チャンネルの周波数の受信が可能であり、
送信部および前記受信部は、送信メイン、送信サブおよび応答の3種類の異なる周波数の組みを記載した周波数テーブルを有し、
前記送信部で干渉を検知した場合、データを送信メイン周波数から送信サブ周波数に切り替えて前記受信部に送り、前記受信部では送信サブ周波数でデータが送られてきたことを確認して、前記周波数テーブルからデータが送られてきた周波数が前記送信メインとなる組みを探し、以降新たな組みのそれぞれの周波数で受信待機することを特徴とする無線通信装置。
A wireless communication device capable of switching a communication frequency between a sensor and a controller,
To switch the communication frequency when a communication failure due to frequency interference occurs,
The receiver is capable of receiving 2 channel frequencies,
The transmission unit and the reception unit have a frequency table that describes a set of three different frequencies of transmission main, transmission sub, and response,
When interference is detected by the transmission unit, the data is switched from the transmission main frequency to the transmission sub-frequency and sent to the reception unit, and the reception unit confirms that the data has been transmitted at the transmission sub-frequency, and the frequency A wireless communication apparatus characterized by searching for a set in which the frequency at which data is sent from the table is the main transmission, and then waiting for reception at each frequency of the new set.
前記受信部で干渉を検知した場合、応答周波数を用いて周波数数切り替えを前記送信部に指示し、この指示を受信した前記送信部は、前記送信サブ周波数を用いてデータの送信を行い、以降は、前記周波数テーブルからデータが送られてきた周波数が前記送信メインとなる新たな組みを探し、新たな組みのそれぞれの周波数でデータ送信を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線通信装置。   When the reception unit detects interference, the transmission unit is instructed to switch the number of frequencies using a response frequency, and the transmission unit that has received this instruction transmits data using the transmission sub-frequency, and so on. 2. The wireless communication according to claim 1, wherein a search is made for a new set in which the frequency from which data is transmitted from the frequency table becomes the main transmission, and data transmission is performed at each frequency of the new set. apparatus. 応答周波数の干渉を前記送信部で検知した場合、送信リトライデータに応答周波数の切り替え指示を追加して送信リトライを行い、前記受信部では、この指示に従って前記周波数テーブルを参照して新たな周波数の組みを設定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の無線通信装置。   When interference at the response frequency is detected by the transmission unit, a response frequency switching instruction is added to the transmission retry data to perform transmission retry, and the reception unit refers to the frequency table according to this instruction to determine a new frequency. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a set is set.
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JPWO2017169454A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-01-24 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Train communication system
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