JP2014002576A - Scheduling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a scheduling device that performs efficient optimization while avoiding a useless search.SOLUTION: A grouping rule database 6 stores a rule for grouping a request. A grouping processing unit 7 refers to the rule of the grouping rule database 6, and groups each request on the basis of a schedule input from an initial schedule generation unit 5. An optimization execution unit 8 uses a scheduling processing unit 4 and a schedule evaluation value calculation unit 3 so as to improve evaluation with respect to the schedule grouped by the grouping processing unit 7, and thereby changes a schedule in a group unit of a request.

Description

  The present invention relates to a scheduling apparatus for determining a use start time of a request using an optimization technique so as to improve an evaluation value of a use schedule of the shared resource in a situation where a plurality of use requests exist for the shared resource. It is about.

For example, in a transportation system, a runway used by an aircraft, a station used by a train, a port used by a ship, a toll port used by a car, a multi-path traffic There are confluences. Furthermore, in the production system, there are a machine / worker who manufactures and a belt conveyor which moves the product in the factory as equipment used in the production of the product.
As described above, in a situation where there are a plurality of usage requests for a shared resource, it is necessary to assign a usage start time of the shared resource to each usage request and generate a usage schedule for the shared resource. At this time, it is required to generate a schedule that satisfies the following constraints.

Constraint 1: The use start time of the shared resource of the request is the lower limit of the use start time of the request (the time when the request can use the shared resource earlier) and the upper limit of the use start time (the request is shared with respect to the use start time lower limit). Allocate within the range of the maximum time that can delay the use of resources).
Constraint 2: A request cannot use a shared resource until a predetermined time elapses after a request starts using the shared resource. The time during which this shared resource is unavailable depends on the mutual dependency and individual nature of requests. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the unavailable time may be set according to the content of the request that uses the shared resource first and the request that is used next. FIG. 2 shows the contents of the unavailable time database used in the present invention, where T1 is the shortest unavailable time and T5 is the longest unavailable time.

  In schedule generation, it is also desired that efficiency is good while satisfying the above constraints, and that fairness between use requests is not significantly impaired. The efficiency is quantified based on the viewpoint of the request throughput in the shared resource, the delay time for each request (for example, calculated based on the lower limit of the use start time), and the like. The fairness is quantified based on, for example, the number of overtaking occurrences in the usage order when the usage start time lower limit order is considered to be the first-come-first-served order.

  As such a conventional technique, a method has been proposed in which optimization techniques are used to order individual aircrafts based on criteria such as throughput maximization and delay sum minimization, and to determine the runway start time. For example, there is what is shown in Patent Document 1. Here, GA (Genetic Algorithm) is used in the first embodiment as an optimization technique. In the case of an aircraft schedule on a runway, for example, regarding the contents of the request, the purpose is arrival, departure, etc., and the type is the size of the aircraft. Then, after a certain aircraft starts using the runway, the time during which the next aircraft cannot use the runway is set according to the purpose and type of the preceding aircraft and the following aircraft.

JP 2011-170502 A

However, the prior art has the following problems.
When a strict algorithm (branch-and-bound method, dynamic programming method, etc.) is used as an optimization technique: If there are a large number of target aircraft, processing takes a long time.
When a heuristic algorithm (local search method, GA, etc.) is used as the optimization technique: various orderings are evaluated probabilistically, and therefore, a combination that is clearly useless when viewed by humans is also evaluated.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a scheduling apparatus that performs efficient optimization while avoiding useless searches.

  In the scheduling apparatus according to the present invention, a use request database that stores the content of a request that uses a shared resource, and an arbitrary request starts using the shared resource, and then the next request uses the shared resource. An unavailable time database that stores information on unavailable time that is unavailable time, and a schedule evaluation value calculation unit that calculates an evaluation value indicating the degree of evaluation of the usage schedule for the input shared resource usage schedule For multiple permutations of requests, the use start time of the shared resource of multiple requests is other than the unavailable time based on the request contents in the usage request database and the unavailable time in the unavailable time database. Use shared resources to keep time A scheduling processing unit that generates a schedule and outputs an evaluation value added by a schedule evaluation value calculation unit, and a request request database, generates a permutation of requests. Based on the schedule input from the initial schedule generation unit, referring to the initial schedule generation unit that outputs the generated usage schedule as an initial schedule, the grouping rule database that stores rules for grouping requests, and the rules of the grouping rule database The grouping processing unit for grouping each request and the schedule grouped by the grouping processing unit can be changed for each request group so that the evaluation is improved. It is obtained by a optimization execution unit for.

  The scheduling apparatus according to the present invention groups the generated schedule requests, and changes the schedule for each request group so that the evaluation is improved with respect to the schedule in which the requests are grouped. Avoid efficient optimization.

It is a block diagram which shows the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the content of the unusable time database of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of determination of the use start time of the request of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rule of the grouping rule database of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the grouping process of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the schedule change of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the schedule change of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the scheduling apparatus by Embodiment 6 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a scheduling apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The scheduling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a use request database 1, an unusable time database 2, a schedule evaluation value calculation unit 3, a scheduling processing unit 4, an initial schedule generation unit 5, a grouping rule database 6, a grouping processing unit 7, and an optimization execution. Part 8 is provided.

The use request database 1 stores the content of a request that uses a runway that is a shared resource. For example, the content of the request is as follows.
-ID: Identifier of the request that uses the shared resource-Purpose: A or B
・ Type: α or β
・ Use start time lower limit: The time when the shared resource can be used earliest in the request.
-Use start time upper limit: Time obtained by adding the maximum time that a request can delay the use of a shared resource to the use start time lower limit

  The unusable time database 2 stores a time (hereinafter referred to as unusable time) when a next request cannot use the shared resource after a certain request starts using the shared resource. This unusable time is set according to the content of the request that uses the shared resource in advance and the request that is used next. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, it cannot be used depending on the purpose and type of a request that uses a shared resource in advance (hereinafter referred to as a preceding request) and a request that is used next (hereinafter referred to as a subsequent request). Time is set. Here, the purpose A or B of the request is, for example, departure or arrival of an aircraft, and α or β of the request type is an aircraft model (size of an aircraft such as a large aircraft or a small aircraft). Is shown.

The schedule evaluation value calculation unit 3 calculates an evaluation value of the input use schedule of the shared resource. For example, as a criterion for the degree of evaluation for determining an evaluation value, it is conceivable to use one or more of the following items.
・ Based on the lower limit of use start time, the delay of use start time of each request in the schedule is calculated, and the sum of the delays ・ Request throughput in shared resources ・ The lower limit order of use start time is considered to be the first-come-first-served basis of requests Occurrence status of overtaking in use order

The scheduling processing unit 4 refers to the use request database 1 and the unusable time database 2 and determines the use start times of the requests one by one from the top according to the permutation of the input requests. Generate a usage schedule. For example, the use start time of the request is determined as the earliest time out of the time ranges included in common in the following time ranges [A] and [B]. At this time, if there is no time range that is commonly included in the time ranges [A] and [B], it is assumed that the use start time cannot be assigned to the request.
[A] Time range after the time when the unavailable time is added to the use start time of the request (scheduled immediately before) [B] Time range between the use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit of the request to be scheduled

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing whether allocation is possible. Here, Ra and Rb indicate the input requests, and their permutations are “..., Ra, Rb,. Here, an example is shown in which the request Ra is already scheduled, and then the request Rb is scheduled. In the figure, (a) is an example in which a time range between the upper limit and the lower limit of the use start time of the request Rb is included in the time range after the time when the unavailable time is added to the use start time of the request Ra. The use start time of the request Rb is determined as the use start time lower limit of the request Rb. (B) is an example in which the use start time upper limit of the request Rb is included in the time range after the time when the unavailable time is added to the use start time of the request Ra, but the use start time lower limit is not included. In this case, the use start time of the request Rb is determined as a time obtained by adding the unavailable time to the use start time of the request Ra. Furthermore, (c) is an example in which the time range between the upper limit and the lower limit of the use start time of the request Rb is not included in the time range after the time when the unusable time is added to the use start time of the request Ra. Cannot be assigned to the request Rb.

  If the use start time cannot be assigned to the request during the generation of the schedule, the fact that the schedule generation has failed is output and the processing of the scheduling processing unit 4 is terminated. On the other hand, when the use start times of all requests are determined, that is, when the generation of the schedule is completed, the evaluation value calculation process in the schedule evaluation value calculation unit 3 is executed, and the evaluation value of the generated schedule is acquired. Then, the evaluation value is added to the generated schedule and output, and the processing of the scheduling processing unit 4 is terminated.

  The initial schedule generation unit 5 refers to the use request database 1 and generates a permutation of requests. Then, by executing the scheduling processing unit 4 with the permutation of the requests as an input, an initial schedule is generated and output. For example, a permutation generated by sorting requests in order of the lower limit of use start time is input to the scheduling processing unit 4 to generate an initial schedule.

  The grouping rule database 6 stores rules for grouping requests and the priority of each rule. For example, in the case of the unavailable time database 2 illustrated in FIG. 2, the unavailable time is long when the type of the preceding request is “α” and the type of the subsequent request is “β”. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, combinations that are unlikely to generate long unusable times are registered as grouping rules, and priorities are set. That is, the rules 1 to 4 are set from the following viewpoints.

Rule 1: When performing optimization (reordering in units of groups) by grouping requests with the same type and the same type, “preceding request: A and α, subsequent In order to reduce the possibility of occurrence of the request sequence (request: A and β) (sequence that becomes T5). Rule 2: By grouping the request sequences whose purpose is “B” and the same type, In order to reduce the possibility of occurrence of a request sequence (sequence that becomes T4) that is “preceding request: B and α, subsequent request: B and β” when performing optimization (reordering in units of groups) Rule 3: Optimization by grouping a sequence of requests where “Prior request: B and α” and the purpose of the subsequent request is “A” In order to reduce the possibility of occurrence of a sequence of requests (a sequence that becomes T4) that is “preceding request: B and α, subsequent request: B and β” when performing (changing the order in group units), rule 4 : When performing optimization (reordering in group units) by grouping a sequence of requests where “Prior request: A and α” and the purpose of the subsequent request is “B”, “Prior request: A And α, subsequent request: A and β ”in order to reduce the possibility of occurrence of a sequence of requests (sequence of T5)

  The grouping processing unit 7 refers to the grouping rule database 6 and groups the requests that are registered in the grouping rule database 6 and within a predetermined time in the order of priority set in each rule on the input schedule. I will do it. FIG. 5 shows an example in which grouping is performed according to the grouping rule database 6 shown in FIG. Further, when the grouped request and another request match any of the rules 1 to 4, grouping is further performed. For example, as indicated by reference numeral 501 in the figure, a request with the purpose “A” and the type “α” grouped according to the rule 1 is further divided by the request with the purpose “B” and the type “α” and the rule 3. Grouped. In addition, as indicated by 502 in the figure, a request with the purpose “B” and the type “β” grouped by the rule 2 is a request with the purpose “A” and the type “α” according to the rule 4. Further grouping is performed. In addition, as shown by 503 in the figure, when the use start time is longer than a predetermined time, there is a possibility that another request can be scheduled during this free time, so the case where the arrangement matches one of the rules. There is no grouping even if it exists.

  The optimization execution unit 8 changes the schedule for each group of the input requests so that the evaluation value of the input schedule is improved.

Next, the operation of the scheduling apparatus according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
Here, the optimization method will be described assuming that a local search method is used. The local search method retains one candidate solution, generates a neighborhood solution set that slightly changes the candidate solution, and repeatedly updates the candidate solution with a solution that is better than the current evaluation value. This is a method of searching for a good solution. In the local search method of this embodiment, the representation of the solution is a request permutation, and the evaluation value of the solution is the evaluation value of the schedule generated by determining the use start time of each request according to the permutation. And

Step ST1: The initial schedule generation unit 5 is executed to generate an initial schedule.
Step ST2: The grouping processing unit 7 executes the grouping process with the initial schedule generated by the initial schedule generating unit 5 as an input. Then, the optimization execution unit 8 performs an optimization process with the grouped request information and the initial schedule as inputs. Here, the optimization execution unit 8 initializes the candidate solutions (request permutations) in the order in which the shared resources are used in the requests in the input initial schedule.
Step ST3: As shown in FIG. 7, the optimization execution unit 8 exchanges one set of permutation orders of requests that are candidate solutions for each set of request groups, thereby creating a new permutation (neighborhood). Multiple solutions). In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, as illustrated in 701, a group of requests with a grouped purpose “B” and a type “β”, and requests with a single purpose “B” and a type “α” are displayed. 702, the order is changed.

Step ST4: The optimization execution unit 8 inputs the plurality of permutations (neighboring solution sets) generated in step ST3 to the scheduling processing unit 4, and acquires a schedule corresponding to each permutation and its evaluation value.
Step ST5: If the best solution of the neighborhood solution set is better than the evaluation value of the candidate solution, the optimization execution unit 8 updates the candidate solution with the best solution of the neighborhood solution set, and proceeds to step ST6. On the other hand, when the best solution of the neighborhood solution set is worse than the evaluation value of the candidate solution, the schedule corresponding to the current candidate solution and its evaluation value are output to the outside as the optimization result, and the process is terminated.
Step ST6: The optimization execution unit 8 proceeds to step ST3 when the candidate solution update count (optimization repeat count) has not reached the predetermined count. On the other hand, if the candidate solution update count reaches a predetermined number, the schedule corresponding to the current candidate solution and its evaluation value are output to the outside as a result of optimization, and the process ends.

  As described above, according to the scheduling apparatus of the first embodiment, the use request database that stores the content of the request that uses the shared resource, and the next request after the arbitrary request starts using the shared resource. An evaluation value that indicates the degree of evaluation of the usage schedule for the usage schedule for the shared resource that is entered, and the usage schedule for the shared resource that is entered, which stores information about the unavailable time, which is the time when the shared resource cannot be used Start of using shared resources for multiple requests based on the content of requests in the usage request database and the unavailable time in the unavailable time database for the schedule evaluation value calculation unit that calculates The time will be a time other than the unavailable time , Generate a shared resource usage schedule, generate a request permutation by referring to the scheduling processing unit that outputs the evaluation value added by the schedule evaluation value calculation unit, and the usage request database. The initial schedule generation unit that outputs the usage schedule generated by the scheduling processing unit as an initial schedule, the grouping rule database that stores rules for grouping requests, and the rules of the grouping rule database are input from the initial schedule generation unit. The group unit of requests to improve the evaluation of the grouping processing unit that groups each request based on the schedule and the schedule grouped by the grouping processing unit Since an optimization execution unit for changing the schedule, it is possible to perform efficient optimization avoid useless search.

  Further, according to the scheduling apparatus of the first embodiment, the scheduling processing unit makes the use start time of the shared resource of the request one by one from the top according to the permutation of the input request, to be a time other than the unavailable time. Since the determination is made, the performance of the optimization process can be improved.

  Further, according to the scheduling device of the first embodiment, the priority is set for each rule in the grouping rule database, and the grouping processing unit performs the grouping by applying each rule according to the priority. Grouping is performed to improve the optimality of the obtained schedule, and a schedule that is natural for the schedule creation / execution manager can be obtained.

  Further, according to the scheduling apparatus of the first embodiment, the grouping processing unit applies the rules of the grouping rule database to the arrangement of the request contents to perform the grouping. That is, requests whose use start times are separated from each other are not grouped, ensuring fairness between requests, and shortening the delay time of requests.

  Further, according to the scheduling apparatus of the first embodiment, the grouping processing unit is configured such that, even if the request content conforms to the rules of the grouping rule database, the time difference between the use start times of requests is longer than a predetermined time. Since the grouping is not performed, the optimization process can be performed without impairing the possibility of scheduling other requests during this idle time.

  Further, according to the scheduling device of the first embodiment, the unavailable time registered in the unavailable time database is set according to the content of the request that uses the shared resource in advance and the request that is used next. As a result, a more highly feasible schedule (a schedule reflecting more realistic constraints) can be generated.

  Further, according to the scheduling device of the first embodiment, the rules of the grouping rule database indicate the order of the request contents that are difficult to use for a long time, so the time for each group to occupy the resource is short. As a result, a schedule in which the total delay time of the request is reduced as a whole, and a schedule in which the request throughput is improved can be obtained.

  In addition, according to the scheduling apparatus of the first embodiment, the contents of the request registered in the use request database include information on the use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit of the request. When determining the use start time of the request, the request use start time is assigned within the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit, while the request start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit are If the request use start time was not assigned, it was output that the request use start time could not be assigned, so a more highly feasible schedule (a schedule reflecting more realistic constraints) Can be obtained.

  In addition, according to the scheduling apparatus of the first embodiment, the initial schedule generation unit generates the permutation of requests by referring to the use request database and sorting in order of the use start time lower limit. It is possible to ensure fairness and to obtain a natural schedule for the schedule creation and implementation manager.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
The configuration on the drawing in the second embodiment is the same as that in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment, and will be described with reference to FIG. The initial schedule generation unit 5 of Embodiment 2 refers to the use request database 1 and generates a permutation of requests by sorting the requests in order of the use start time upper limit. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted here.

  Next, the operation of the scheduling apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described. The initial schedule generation unit 5 refers to the use request database 1 and generates a permutation of requests by sorting the requests in order of the use start time upper limit. Then, with the permutation of the requests as an input, the scheduling processing unit 4 executes the scheduling process, thereby generating and outputting an initial schedule. Other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the scheduling apparatus of the second embodiment, the initial schedule generation unit generates the permutation of requests by referring to the use request database and sorting in order of the use start time upper limit. When the initial schedule is generated, it is impossible to assign the use start time to the request (the request use start time cannot be assigned within the range between the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit). The frequency can be reduced.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
Since the configuration of the third embodiment on the drawing is the same as that of FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, description will be made with reference to FIG. The optimization execution unit 8 according to the third embodiment is configured to change a group in which the number of requests belonging to a predetermined number or less is a change target when changing the schedule. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted here.

  Next, as the operation of the scheduling apparatus according to the third embodiment, only the operation of the optimization execution unit 8 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Moreover, the optimization execution part 8 is the same as Embodiment 1 except the operation | movement of step ST3 of the flowchart of FIG. Therefore, only the operation of step ST3 will be described.

  In step ST3 in the flowchart of FIG. 6, the optimization execution unit 8 exchanges one set of permutation orders of requests that are candidate solutions for each set of request groups, thereby creating a new permutation (neighboring solution). Generate multiple. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the group to which the number of belonging requests is equal to or less than the predetermined number is to be changed, and the order is not changed beyond the group in which the number of belonging requests exceeds the predetermined number. To do. For example, in the example of FIG. 8, as shown in 801, a group having 3 or more requests belonging to a group is set not to be changed, and as shown in 802, the number of requests belonging to a predetermined number It is set so that the order is not changed beyond a group larger than the number (for example, a group having three or more requests).

  As described above, according to the scheduling device of the third embodiment, when the optimization execution unit changes the schedule, the group having the number of requests belonging to the predetermined number or less is set as the change target. , Decrease the frequency that the use start time cannot be assigned to the request due to the schedule change (the request use start time cannot be assigned within the range between the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit) In other words, useless searches can be further reduced.

  Further, according to the scheduling apparatus of the third embodiment, the optimization execution unit changes the use order of the shared resources of the group whose number of requests belonging to the predetermined number is less than or equal to the predetermined number. Since the order is not changed beyond a larger number of groups, it is not possible to assign the use start time to the request due to the schedule change (the request use is within the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit). The frequency of occurrences of (unable to assign a start time) can be reduced, i.e., useless searches can be further reduced.

  In the scheduling apparatus according to the third embodiment, assuming that fairness among requests is important, an initial schedule is generated based on a permutation in which requests are sorted in order of lower limit of use time, and the optimization execution unit changes the initial schedule. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the fairness from being greatly impaired (the order in which the shared resources are actually used is greatly delayed from the order of use time lower limit).

Embodiment 4 FIG.
Since the configuration of the fourth embodiment on the drawing is the same as that of FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, description will be made with reference to FIG. When the schedule execution value is improved by changing the schedule, the optimization execution unit 8 of the fourth embodiment inputs the schedule to the grouping processing unit 7 and performs the optimization processing again after performing the grouping processing. It is configured. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted here.

Next, the operation of the scheduling apparatus according to the fourth embodiment will be described. Since the fourth embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the operation of the optimization execution unit 8 is different, only the operation of the optimization execution unit 8 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
If the best solution of the neighborhood solution set is better than the evaluation value of the candidate solution in step ST5 of the flowchart of FIG. 6, the optimization execution unit 8 updates the candidate solution with the best solution of the neighborhood solution set in step ST3. In this case, the grouping processing unit 7 executes the grouping process using the schedule with the improved evaluation value as an input, and then proceeds to step ST3. That is, when the evaluation value is improved in step ST5, if the number of optimization iterations has not reached the predetermined number in step ST6, the process returns to step ST3 to perform the grouping process. On the other hand, in step ST5, when the best solution of the neighborhood solution set is worse than the evaluation value of the candidate solution, the schedule corresponding to the current candidate solution and its evaluation value are used as the optimization result as in the first embodiment. , Output to the outside and finish the process.

  As described above, according to the scheduling device of the fourth embodiment, when the schedule is changed and the evaluation value of the schedule is improved, the optimization execution unit performs the grouping process with the schedule as an input, and then executes the schedule again. Since the change processing is performed, the sequence of requests corresponding to the newly generated grouping rule is grouped together, and the number of elements to be optimized can be further reduced and the processing time required for optimization can be shortened. .

Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the scheduling apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Embodiment 5 newly includes an environment information database 9 for storing environment information that affects the use of shared resources. In addition, grouping rules registered in the grouping rule database 6a are set for each content of the environment information. Further, the grouping processing unit 7a refers to the environment information database 9 and determines the grouping rules according to the contents of the environment information. It is configured to select a rule of the database 6a. Since the configuration other than this is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions, and the description thereof is omitted.

The environment information database 9 stores, for example, information indicating the following items as environment information that affects the use of the shared resource for creating the schedule.
-Administrator who manages the execution of requests using the generated schedule-Configuration of the system to which the shared resource belongs (for example, there are other shared resources that can process only requests for purpose A)
・ Matters that affect the use conditions of shared resources (weather, temperature, etc.)

  The grouping rules registered in the grouping rule database 6a are set for each environment information in the environment information database 9. For example, when “an administrator who manages the execution of a request using the generated schedule” is registered in the environment information, a grouping rule is set for each administrator. Further, the grouping processing unit 7a refers to the environment information database 9 and selects a grouping rule to be used according to the contents of the environment information. For example, when the grouping rule is set for each administrator, the environment information database 9 is referred to obtain information on “an administrator who manages the execution of a request using the generated schedule”. Then, a grouping rule corresponding to the administrator is selected from the grouping rule database 6a, and requests are grouped using the grouping rule. Other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the scheduling apparatus of the fifth embodiment, the environment information database that stores the environment information that affects the use of the shared resource is provided, and the rules of the grouping rule database are based on the contents of the environment information. Since the grouping processing unit is set and selects a rule of the grouping rule database according to the contents of the environment information with reference to the environment information database, a more appropriate schedule can be generated.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the scheduling apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In the sixth embodiment, a schedule example database 10 and a grouping rule generation unit 11 are newly provided in addition to the environment information database 9. The grouping rule database 6b is a database generated by the grouping rule generation unit 11. Since the configuration other than this is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The environment information database 9 has the same configuration as the environment information database 9 of the fifth embodiment. The schedule case database 10 stores schedule cases. For example, the past usage status of shared resources, schedule results by simulation, and the like can be mentioned. The grouping rule generation unit 11 extracts schedule examples similar to the contents of the use request database 1 and the environment information database 9 from the schedule example database 10. Then, a grouping rule is created using the schedule example and registered in the grouping rule database 6b. For example, when “an administrator who manages the execution of a request using the generated schedule” is registered in the environment information database 9, it is conceivable to generate a grouping rule by the following procedure.

[Step ST1]: With reference to the environment information database 9, information of “an administrator who manages the execution of a request using the generated schedule” is acquired. And the schedule example which is the usage condition of the past shared resource which the management managed execution of the request from the schedule example database 10 is extracted.
[Step ST2]: Among the schedule examples extracted in Step ST1, schedule examples similar to the contents of the use request database 1 are further extracted.
[Step ST3]: In the schedule example extracted in Step ST2, the number of occurrences of the arrangement of the contents of two requests (continuously using shared resources) is counted. Then, the arrangement method of the contents of requests having a large number of occurrences is registered in the grouping rule database 6b as a grouping rule. At this time, the higher the number of occurrences, the higher the priority of the rule. The number of rules to be registered is limited to a predetermined number.

  As described above, according to the scheduling apparatus of the sixth embodiment, the environment information database that stores the environment information that affects the use of the shared resource, the schedule case database that stores the schedule case, and the request in the use request database Rules that are similar to the environment information in the environment information database are extracted from the schedule case database, grouping rules are created based on the extracted schedule cases, and the created grouping rules are grouped rule database rules Since there is a generation unit, there is no need to set grouping rules manually, and grouping rules are set according to the contents of the usage request database and environment information database. Since the, it is possible to generate a more appropriate schedule.

Embodiment 7 FIG.
Since the configuration of the seventh embodiment on the drawing is the same as that of FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, description will be made with reference to FIG. The scheduling processing unit 4 according to the seventh embodiment, when the request use start time is not allocated within the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit, It is configured to set the use start time of the request outside the range. In addition, the schedule evaluation value calculation unit 3 determines the schedule evaluation value when the request use start time is assigned outside the range between the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit in the input schedule. It is comprised so that it may output as a value which reduces evaluation. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted here.

Next, operations of the scheduling apparatus according to the seventh embodiment will be described with respect to the scheduling processing unit 4 and the schedule evaluation value calculation unit 3.
If the request use start time is not allocated within the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit, the scheduling processing unit 4 requests the request outside the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit. Set the use start time of. For example, “the earliest time in a non-unusable time period” is set as the request use start time.

The schedule evaluation value calculation unit 3 is a value that lowers the evaluation of the schedule when the use start time of the request is assigned outside the range between the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit in the input schedule. As a result, the evaluation value is penalized and output. For example, a penalty is given as follows.
-If the smaller the evaluation value of the schedule is, the better: the evaluation value of the schedule is increased according to the number of request use start times assigned outside the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit. Let
-If the larger the evaluation value of the schedule is, the better it is: Decrease the evaluation value of the schedule according to the number of request use start times allocated outside the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit Let

  As described above, according to the scheduling apparatus of the seventh embodiment, when the scheduling processing unit cannot allocate the request use start time within the range between the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit, The use start time of the request is set outside the range of the use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit, and the schedule evaluation value calculation unit calculates the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit in the input schedule. Since the evaluation value of the schedule is output as a value that lowers the evaluation when the use start time of the request is assigned outside the range, there is an effect that the schedule is always generated. In addition, if the request start time is assigned outside the range of the request start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit, a penalty is given to the evaluation value of the schedule, and optimization is performed based on this evaluation value By doing so, it is possible to reduce the number of request use start times allocated outside the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit.

  In the present invention, within the scope of the invention, any combination of the embodiments, or any modification of any component in each embodiment, or omission of any component in each embodiment is possible. .

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Use request database, 2 Unusable time database, 3 Schedule evaluation value calculation part, 4 Scheduling process part, 5 Initial schedule production | generation part, 6, 6a, 6b Grouping rule database, 7, 7a Grouping process part, 8 Optimization execution part , 9 Environment information database, 10 Schedule example database, 11 Grouping rule generator.

Claims (16)

A usage request database that stores the content of requests that use shared resources;
An unavailable time database that stores information on unavailable time, which is a time when a next request cannot use the shared resource after an arbitrary request starts using the shared resource;
A schedule evaluation value calculation unit that calculates an evaluation value indicating a degree of evaluation of the use schedule for the input use schedule of the shared resource;
For the permutation of a plurality of requests, based on the content of the request in the use request database and the unavailable time in the unavailable time database, the use start time of the shared resource of the plurality of requests is not available. A scheduling processing unit that generates a use schedule of the shared resource so as to be a time other than time, and outputs an evaluation value added by the schedule evaluation value calculation unit;
An initial schedule generation unit that generates a permutation of requests with reference to the use request database, and outputs a use schedule generated by the scheduling processing unit for the permutation of the request as an initial schedule;
A grouping rule database storing rules for grouping the requests;
A grouping processing unit that references the rules of the grouping rule database and groups each request based on the schedule input from the initial schedule generation unit;
A scheduling apparatus comprising: an optimization execution unit configured to change the schedule in units of groups of the requests so that evaluation of the schedule grouped by the grouping processing unit is improved.   The scheduling processing unit, according to a permutation of input requests, determines the use start time of the shared resource of the request one by one from the head so as to be a time other than the unusable time. Scheduling device.   3. The scheduling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a priority is set for each rule of the grouping rule database, and the grouping processing unit performs grouping by applying each rule according to the priority.   The scheduling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grouping processing unit performs grouping by applying the rules of the grouping rule database to the arrangement of request contents.   The grouping processing unit does not perform grouping even if the request contents conforming to the rules of the grouping rule database are arranged when the time difference between the use start times of the requests is longer than a predetermined time. The scheduling apparatus according to claim 4.   6. The unusable time registered in the unusable time database is set in accordance with a request to use a shared resource in advance and a content of a request to be used next. The scheduling apparatus of any one of them.   7. The scheduling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the rules of the grouping rule database indicate an arrangement of request contents that are difficult to extend the unavailable time. As the contents of the request registered in the use request database, it has information on the lower limit of the start time and upper limit of the start time of the request
When determining the use start time of any request, the scheduling processing unit assigns the use start time of the request within the range of the use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit of the request, while the use start time The output of the fact that the use start time of the request cannot be assigned is output when the use start time of the request is not assigned within the range between the lower limit and the use start time upper limit. The scheduling device according to claim 7.   9. The scheduling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the initial schedule generation unit generates a permutation of requests by referring to the use request database and sorting in order of the use start time lower limit.   The scheduling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the initial schedule generation unit generates a permutation of requests by referring to the use request database and sorting in order of use start time upper limit.   11. The optimization execution unit according to claim 8, wherein when the schedule is changed, a group having a number of requests belonging to the predetermined number or less is set as a change target. Scheduling device.   When the optimization execution unit changes the use order of the shared resources of the group whose number of requests belonging to the predetermined number or less, the optimization execution unit does not change the order exceeding the group where the number of requests belonging to the predetermined number is larger than the predetermined number. The scheduling apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:   5. The optimization execution unit, when the schedule is changed and the evaluation value of the schedule is improved, performs the grouping process with the schedule as an input, and then performs the schedule change process again. 13. The scheduling device according to any one of twelve. It has an environmental information database that stores environmental information that affects the use of shared resources.
The rules of the grouping rule database are set based on the contents of the environment information, and the grouping processing unit refers to the environment information database and selects the rules of the grouping rule database according to the contents of the environment information. 14. The scheduling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the scheduling apparatus is characterized in that: An environment information database that stores environment information that affects the use of shared resources;
A schedule case database for storing schedule cases;
The contents of the request in the use request database and the schedule case similar to the environmental information in the environment information database are extracted from the schedule case database, a grouping rule is created based on the extracted schedule case, and the created grouping rule is The scheduling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a grouping rule generation unit configured as a grouping rule database rule. When the scheduling processing unit is unable to allocate the use start time of the request within the range of the use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit of the request, the scheduling processing unit is outside the range of the request use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit. Set the request start time,
And,
The schedule evaluation value calculation unit evaluates the evaluation value of the schedule when the use start time of the request is allocated outside the range of the use start time lower limit and the use start time upper limit of the request in the input schedule. 16. The scheduling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the scheduling apparatus outputs the value as a decreasing value.

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