JP2013248054A - Training device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a training device capable of controlling rotary torque of a rotational drive means such as a pedal to an ideal torque, charging a secondary battery by output of a generator rotated by the rotational drive means, effectively utilizing electric power energy, charging the secondary battery by a desirable current and prolonging service life, even with a very simple structure.SOLUTION: A training device includes: a power generation mechanism 1 having a generator 3 rotated via a rotational drive means 2 rotated by an action from the outside; a control circuit 4 for current-controlling power outputted from the power generation mechanism 1; a torque setting circuit 5 for controlling the control circuit 4 and controlling rotary torque of the generator 3; and a load resistor 6 and a secondary battery 7 connected to the control circuit 4. The control circuit 4 controls a load current to be made to flow to the load resistor 6 and a charging current of the secondary battery 7, and executes control so as to be a rotary torque set by the torque setting circuit 5.

Description

  The present invention relates to a training apparatus having a rotational driving means such as a petal, and more particularly to a training apparatus that can control an optimal rotational torque while charging a secondary battery with a rotational torque such as a petal.

Training devices that rotate petals have been developed. (See Patent Documents 1 to 3)
The training device of Patent Document 1 rotates a petal to rotate a permanent magnet type DC generator. This training apparatus supplies the generated power of a DC generator to a DC power supply unit such as a solar cell connected to an existing AC power supply. In order to realize this, the output current of the DC generator is detected, and the detected current is controlled to be a set current. In order to set the output current of the generator as the set current, the output voltage of the DC generator is determined from the voltage of the capacitor constituting the DC power source of the PV inverter, and the current control circuit including the amplifier, the PMW circuit, the triangular wave generator, and the drive circuit. A step-up chopper circuit composed of a MOSFET and a diode to be increased is provided.

  The training device of Patent Literature 2 rotates a generator with a petal that is rotated by human power, supplies and consumes the generated power of the generator to an electromagnetic brake, and charges a secondary battery.

  The training device of Patent Literature 3 measures the pulse rate of a person who performs physical fitness training, and determines the magnitude of the load resistance from the difference between the measured pulse rate and a target value such as a preset target pulse. The load resistance adjusting device adjusts the magnitude of the load resistance of the physical fitness training apparatus body to the determined magnitude of the load resistance. The load resistance adjusting device includes a generator that works in conjunction with the physical fitness training device body, and an energy source for the load resistance adjusting device and a secondary battery that serves as a power source for the control system. Electric power is generated by the generator by performing training, and the secondary battery is charged with the electric power generated by the generator and used as an energy source for the load resistance adjusting device of the physical fitness training apparatus and a power source for the control system.

JP-A-8-130899 JP-A-5-309148 JP-A-5-317457

  Since the training device of Patent Document 1 supplies the output of the generator rotated by a petal to a DC power supply unit such as a solar cell connected to an existing AC power supply, the output of the solar cell and the generator is loaded. It can be used effectively by supplying resistance. However, this training device has a drawback that the circuit configuration is extremely complicated, and the component cost and assembly cost are significantly increased. In addition, since the output of the generator is controlled by a complicated circuit and supplied to the DC power supply unit of the solar cell, there is a drawback that it cannot be used for applications that do not include a solar cell.

  In addition, the training device of Patent Document 2 uses an electromagnetic brake with a complicated mechanism to charge a secondary battery with the output of a generator rotated by a petal and to control the rotational torque of the petal. As a result, the cost of parts increases. Further, the electromagnetic brake has a drawback that it is difficult to accurately and stably control the rotational torque in a state where the rotational speed varies greatly, and it is difficult to control the rotational torque of the petal in an ideal state.

  Furthermore, since the training device of Patent Document 3 controls the rotational torque of the petal with the charging current of the secondary battery, there is a drawback that it is difficult to charge the secondary battery in a preferable state. In the secondary battery, the optimum charging current is limited to a specific range depending on the full charge capacity and type. When charged with an excessive current or overcharged, it has the property of deteriorating significantly. If the charging current is specified by the rotational torque of the petal, the secondary battery is not always charged with a preferable current, and there are problems such as significant deterioration and shortening of the service life or generation of heat that cannot be safely charged. This training device uses a motor to rotate the petal to reduce the rotational torque, but this structure requires a motor and also requires a motor control circuit, so the parts cost is high and the structure is complicated. There are disadvantages to become.

  The present invention was developed for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an important object of the present invention is to make the rotational torque of a rotational drive means such as a petal ideal torque while having a very simple structure. A training device that can control the power of the rechargeable battery with the output of the generator rotated by the rotation drive means and effectively use the generated energy, and further charge the rechargeable battery with a preferable current to extend the life. It is to provide.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  A training apparatus according to the present invention includes a power generation mechanism 1 including a generator 3 that is rotated via a rotation driving unit 2 that is rotated by an external action, and a control circuit that controls the current output from the power generation mechanism 1. 4, a torque setting circuit 5 that controls the rotational torque of the generator 3 by controlling the control circuit 4, and a load resistor 6 and a secondary battery 7 that are connected to the control circuit 4. The load current flowing through the load resistor 6 and the charging current of the secondary battery 7 are controlled so that the rotational torque set by the torque setting circuit 5 is obtained.

  The above training device has an extremely simple structure, and can control the rotational torque of the rotational drive means to an ideal torque. In addition, the secondary battery is charged with the output of the generator rotated by the rotational drive means to generate the generated energy. Can be used effectively, and the life of the secondary battery can be extended by charging it with a preferable current. The reason why the rotational torque of the rotational drive means can be controlled to an ideal torque is because the output of the generator is controlled by the load current and the charging current of the secondary battery. The rotational current of the rotary drive means can be increased by increasing the load current and the charging current of the secondary battery, but the load current and charging current can be controlled continuously and accurately with a simple circuit. It can be controlled to an ideal state. In addition, since the rotational torque of the rotational drive means is controlled by both the load current and the charging current, the rotational torque of the rotational drive means can be controlled to an ideal state while controlling the charging current of the secondary battery to the optimum current. . This is because the rotational torque can be controlled by increasing the load current when the charging current is too large and decreasing the load current when the charging current is small. In addition, since the secondary battery is charged in an ideal state, a feature that reduces the deterioration and extends the life is also realized.

In the training apparatus of the present invention, the power generation mechanism 1 can include the AC generator 3A and the rectifier circuit 8 that rectifies the alternating current output from the alternating current generator 3A and converts it into direct current.
Since this training device uses an AC generator as a generator, the structure of the generator is simplified, there are few failures, and maintenance can be simplified. This is because the AC generator uses a slip ring instead of the brush of the DC generator.

In the training apparatus of the present invention, the secondary battery 7 can be a lead battery.
This training device can increase the charging current with an inexpensive secondary battery.

In the training device of the present invention, the control circuit 4 can include the switching element 18 that controls the load current and the charging current with an on / off duty.
This training device can control the duty of the switching element to smoothly and significantly control both the load current and the charging current without power loss, and to control the rotational torque of the rotational driving means to an ideal torque.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a training device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the setting electric current which makes rotation torque of a rotation drive means a setting torque. It is a graph which shows an example of the ratio of the load current memorize | stored in a control circuit, and a charging current.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a training device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the training device as follows. Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the examples are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

  The training apparatus of FIG. 1 includes a power generation mechanism 1 that includes a generator 3 that is rotated via a rotation drive unit 2 that is rotated by an external action, and a control circuit that controls the power output from the power generation mechanism 1. 4, a torque setting circuit 5 for controlling the rotational torque of the generator 3 by controlling the control circuit 4, a load resistor 6 and a secondary battery 7 connected to the control circuit 4.

The rotation driving means 2 is rotated by an external action, and rotates the generator 3 with this rotational force. As such a rotation driving means 2, the training apparatus shown in the figure includes a petal 9 that a user rotates with a foot. In the rotation driving means 2, the user rotates the petal 9 with his / her foot, and the generator 3 is rotated by this rotational force. However, the rotational drive means is not necessarily specified as a petal that the user rotates with his / her foot. The rotation driving means may be a handwheel or a roller that rotates by walking or running. These rotation driving means also have a structure in which the handle and the roller are rotated by the user's movement and the generator is rotated by this rotational force. Moreover, the training apparatus of this invention does not necessarily specify the object of training to a human, but can also be animals, such as a dog and a hamster.
Hereinafter, a structure in which the rotation driving means 2 is the petal 9 and the user rotates the generator 3 through the petal 9 will be described.

  The power generation mechanism 1 includes an AC generator 3A that is rotated by a petal 9 that is a rotation driving means 2, and a rectifier circuit 8 that rectifies the alternating current output from the alternating current generator 3A and converts it into direct current. The AC generator 3 </ b> A is connected to the rotating shaft of the petal 9 that is rotated via the power transmission mechanism 10. The illustrated power transmission mechanism 10 includes a large pulley 13 that fixes a petal 9 to a crankshaft 11 that is connected to the tip of a crank arm 12, and a small pulley 14 that is fixed to a rotating shaft 3 a of the generator 3. The belt 15 is connected to the large pulley 13 and the small pulley 14. The power transmission mechanism 10 can increase the rotation of the petal 9 and rotate the AC generator 3A. The crankshaft 11 is a 180-degree crank and is connected to the tip of the crank arm 12 so that the petal 9 can rotate. When the user puts his / her feet on the petal 9 and rotates the crankshaft 11, the AC generator 3 </ b> A is rotated via the large pulley 13, the small pulley 14 and the belt 15. The AC generator 3A controls the output voltage to a constant voltage by controlling the current of the exciting coil. The AC generator 3A outputs an alternating current with a constant voltage while being rotated at a predetermined rotational speed. However, an alternator whose output voltage increases in proportion to the rotational speed can be used as the alternator.

  The rectifier circuit 8 includes a diode bridge 16 that rectifies the three-phase alternating current output from the AC generator 3A, and an electrolytic capacitor 17 that smoothes the pulsating current output from the diode bridge 16. The circuit that rectifies the three-phase alternating current with the diode bridge 16 reduces the ripple of the pulsating current that is output, so it is not always necessary to connect an electrolytic capacitor.

  The power generation mechanism 1 in FIG. 1 rectifies AC power output from the AC generator 3A by a rectifier circuit 8 and converts it into DC, but a DC generator can also be used for the power generation mechanism. Since the direct current generator outputs direct current power, it is not necessary to provide a rectifier circuit.

  The control circuit 4 controls the output current of the power generation mechanism 1 so that the rotational torque of the petal 9 that is the rotational driving means 2 is set to the torque set by the torque setting circuit 5. When the output current of the power generation mechanism 1 is set large, the rotational torque of the petal 9 is large. Conversely, when the output current of the power generation mechanism 1 is set small, the rotational torque of the petal 9 is small. Therefore, the control circuit 4 can control the output current to set the rotational torque of the petal 9 to the set torque.

  The control circuit 4 controls the output current of the power generation mechanism 1 by controlling the load current flowing through the load resistor 6 connected thereto and the charging current of the secondary battery 7. The control circuit 4 increases the output current of the power generation mechanism 1 as much as possible, that is, increases the ratio of the charging current to the load current and supplies it to the secondary battery 7. This is to effectively store the generated energy of the power generation mechanism 1 in the secondary battery 7. However, since the secondary battery 7 deteriorates when it is overcharged and its life is shortened, the charging current is controlled so as not to overcharge. The control circuit 4 in FIG. 1 controls the charging current while detecting the voltage of the lead battery that is the secondary battery 7. The training device using the secondary battery 7 as a lead battery controls the charging current so that the voltage of the lead battery does not exceed 14.5V.

  The secondary battery 7 is not necessarily a lead battery, and any rechargeable secondary battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lithium ion battery, or a lithium polymer battery can be used. Alkaline batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries and nickel cadmium batteries are fully charged when, for example, the charging current is limited to a constant current and constant current charging is performed, and the battery voltage drops by ΔV from the peak voltage in a constant current charging state. The charging current is cut off. Lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries control the charging current so that the battery voltage does not exceed 4.1 V / cell to 4.3 V / cell.

  The control circuit 4 controls the total current of the charging current and the load current to be the set current, and sets the rotational torque of the petal 9 that is the rotation driving means 2 as the set torque. That is, the total current obtained by adding the charging current and the load current is set as the set current.

  The control circuit 4 includes a switching element 18 that controls a load current and a charging current. The switching element 18 is a semiconductor switching element such as an FET or a transistor. The control circuit 4 controls the load current and the charging current by adjusting the duty for switching the switching element 18 on and off at a predetermined cycle by the control circuit 19. The control circuit 19 increases the ON time with respect to the OFF time of the switching element 18, that is, increases the duty, increases the load current and the charging current, and conversely decreases the duty to decrease the load current and the charging current. To do.

  The control circuit 4 controls the load current flowing through the load resistor 6 and the charging current of the secondary battery 7 separately to adjust the total current. In order to independently adjust the currents of the load resistor 6 and the secondary battery 7, the output side of the rectifier circuit 8 is branched, and a switching element 18 is connected to each output side. The load current flowing through the load resistor 6 is controlled by adjusting the duty of the first switching element 18A connected between the output side of the rectifier circuit 8 and the load resistor 6, and the charging current of the secondary battery 7 is The duty of the second switching element 18B connected between the output side of the rectifier circuit 8 and the secondary battery 7 is adjusted and controlled. The control circuit 4 uses the control circuit 19 to set the duty of the first switching element 18A and the second switching element 18B so that the total current of the load current and the charging current is the set current input from the torque setting circuit 5. Control.

  The torque setting circuit 5 outputs, to the control circuit 4, a set current having a set torque that is a rotation torque for the user to rotate the petal 9 as the rotation drive unit 2. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the set current with the rotational torque of the petal 9 as the set torque. As shown in this figure, the set torque of the petal 9 is increased by increasing the set current. The torque setting circuit 5 stores the set current for the set torque shown in FIG. 2 as a function or as a lookup table. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the torque setting circuit 5 includes a switch 21 that increases and decreases the set torque, and a display unit 22 that displays the set torque. In the torque setting circuit 5, the user operates the switch 21 to set the torque set on the display unit 22 to his or her favorite torque. The torque setting circuit 5 specifies a set current from the user's set torque and outputs the set current to the control circuit 4.

  The control circuit 4 stores the load current and the charging current with respect to the set current as a function or a lookup table. The control circuit 4 stores the load current and the charging current with respect to the set current so that the charging current does not exceed the maximum charging current of the secondary battery 7. FIG. 3 shows the ratio between the load current and the charging current stored in the control circuit 4. The control circuit 4 storing as shown in this figure sets the set current as the charge current in the region where the set current is smaller than the maximum charge current of the secondary battery 7. When the set current becomes larger than the maximum charge current, the difference current between the set current and the charge current is set as the load current. However, as shown by the chain line in FIG. 3, the charging current and the load current can be increased as the set current gradually increases, and the total current of the load current and the charging current can be controlled to be the set current. .

  Furthermore, the control circuit 4 also stores the duty of the first switching element 18A with respect to the load current and the duty of the second switching element 18B with respect to the charging current as a function or a lookup table. The training apparatus including the generator 3 whose output voltage changes with respect to the rotation speed includes the duty of the first switching element 18A for the output voltage and load current of the rectifier circuit 8, and the second switching element for the output voltage and charging current. The duty of 18B is stored as a function or a lookup table.

  The training device of FIG. 1 includes a current detection circuit 20 that detects the output current of the rectifier circuit 8, and the control circuit 19 controls the first switching element so that the detection current of the current detection circuit 20 becomes a set current. The duty for switching on and off 18A and second switching element 18B is adjusted.

  The control circuit 4 controls the duty of the first switching element 18A and the second switching element 18B so that the set current input from the torque setting circuit 5 becomes the total current of the load current and the charging current.

The training apparatus described above sets the rotational torque of the petal 9 as the rotational drive means 2 as the set torque as follows.
(1) The user operates the torque setting circuit 5 to input a set torque.
(2) The torque setting circuit 5 specifies a set current from the set torque.
(3) The control circuit 4 controls the duty for switching the first switching element 18A and the second switching element 18B on and off so that the set current becomes the total current.
The first switching element 18A is switched on / off at a predetermined duty, the average current flowing through the load resistor 6 is adjusted to a set value, and the second switching element 18B is switched on / off at a predetermined duty, The average current of the secondary battery 7 is adjusted to the set value.
(4) The total current of the load resistor 6 and the charging current is adjusted to the set current, and the rotational torque of the petal 9 which is the rotation driving means 2 is adjusted to the set torque.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a training device that rotates a rotational driving means such as a petal, and can be suitably used particularly for a training device that charges a secondary battery with a rotational torque such as a petal.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power generation mechanism 2 ... Rotation drive means 3 ... Generator 3A ... Alternator
3a ... Rotating shaft 4 ... Control circuit 5 ... Torque setting circuit 6 ... Load resistance 7 ... Secondary battery 8 ... Rectifier circuit 9 ... Petal 10 ... Power transmission mechanism 11 ... Crankshaft 12 ... Crank arm 13 ... Large pulley 14 ... Small pulley DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Belt 16 ... Diode bridge 17 ... Electrolytic capacitor 18 ... Switching element 18A ... 1st switching element
18B ... 2nd switching element 19 ... Control circuit 20 ... Current detection circuit 21 ... Switch 22 ... Display part

Claims (4)

A power generation mechanism (1) having a generator (3) rotated via a rotation drive means (2) rotated by an external action, and a control for current control of electric power output from the power generation mechanism (1) A circuit (4), a torque setting circuit (5) for controlling the rotational torque of the generator (3) by controlling the control circuit (4), and a load resistor (6) connected to the control circuit (4) ) And a secondary battery (7),
The control circuit (4) controls the load current flowing through the load resistor (6) and the charging current of the secondary battery (7), and the rotational torque set by the torque setting circuit (5) A training apparatus characterized by being controlled to become.   The said power generation mechanism (1) is provided with an alternating current generator (3A) and the rectifier circuit (8) which rectifies | straightens the alternating current output from this alternating current generator (3A), and converts it into direct current | flow. Training device.   The training device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the secondary battery (7) is a lead battery.   The training device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control circuit (4) includes a switching element (18) for controlling a load current and a charging current with an on / off duty.

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