JP2013246299A - Fixing device, and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Fixing device, and image forming apparatus Download PDF

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JP2013246299A
JP2013246299A JP2012119625A JP2012119625A JP2013246299A JP 2013246299 A JP2013246299 A JP 2013246299A JP 2012119625 A JP2012119625 A JP 2012119625A JP 2012119625 A JP2012119625 A JP 2012119625A JP 2013246299 A JP2013246299 A JP 2013246299A
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heat
heat medium
temperature
fixing member
fixing
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Fumito Masubuchi
文人 増渕
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To introduce heat energy generated by a heat source outside an image forming apparatus to use for heat fixing, so as to reduce COgenerated by operation of a fixing heater in a comprehensive manner.SOLUTION: A heat pump 1 is interposed between a heat medium channel 2 supplying a heat medium from a heat medium supply source H to an electrophotographic printer P and a fixing member 5. When temperatures of both the heat medium and the fixing device 5 are lower than a temperature suitable for fixation, the heat pump 1 performs auxiliary heating operation to deprive the heat medium of heat and feed the heat medium to the fixing member 5. The heat pump 1 heats only the fixing member 5, and thereby eliminating the need of unnecessary energy to heat the heat medium. Supply of the heat medium is controlled on the basis of a temperature measured by a temperature sensor S.

Description

本発明は定着装置および画像形成装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a fixing device and an image forming apparatus.

電子写真方式の画像形成装置において、ジュール熱を用いる各種電熱ヒータ(抵抗発熱体や電磁誘導加熱装置など)を用いた加熱定着装置は、電力だけで動作可能であり、電力が入手容易な昨今では、制御も容易で利便性に優れた最も一般的な加熱定着装置として普及している。   In an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, a heating and fixing apparatus using various electric heaters using a Joule heat (such as a resistance heating element and an electromagnetic induction heating apparatus) can be operated only by electric power. It is widely used as the most common heat fixing device that is easy to control and excellent in convenience.

特許文献1には、商用電源から電気エネルギーを摂取する第1のエネルギー摂取手段と、燃料の燃焼による熱供給手段からなる第2のエネルギー摂取手段とを有し、前記第2のエネルギー摂取手段によって摂取された熱を定着部に供給することを特徴とする画像形成装置が開示されている。また、第2のエネルギー摂取手段から供給される熱媒による加熱と電熱ヒータによる加熱を組み合わせて加熱定着に用いる構成も開示されている。   Patent Document 1 has a first energy intake means for taking in electric energy from a commercial power source, and a second energy intake means consisting of a heat supply means by combustion of fuel, by the second energy intake means. An image forming apparatus is disclosed that supplies ingested heat to a fixing unit. Also disclosed is a configuration in which heating by a heat medium supplied from the second energy intake means and heating by an electric heater are combined and used for heat fixing.

画像形成装置外の熱源で発生した熱エネルギーを用いた加熱手段と電気を用いた加熱手段を組み合わせているが、電熱ヒータによる加熱では定着部材と熱媒の双方を加熱してしまうので、その分余計な電力を必要とし、電力会社を通じて大量のCOを排出する、というものとなっている。 A heating unit using heat energy generated by a heat source outside the image forming apparatus is combined with a heating unit using electricity. However, heating by an electric heater heats both the fixing member and the heat medium. It requires extra power and emits a large amount of CO 2 through the power company.

なお、「熱媒」と「冷媒」は、本来は熱を媒介する流体として同じ意味を持つ言葉であるが、本明細書においては便宜的に、電子写真装置外より導入した流体を「熱媒」、定着部材に放熱するヒートポンプの中を循環する流体を「冷媒」と区別して使用する。   “Heat medium” and “refrigerant” are originally terms having the same meaning as a fluid that mediates heat, but in this specification, for convenience, fluid introduced from outside the electrophotographic apparatus is referred to as “heat medium”. The fluid circulating in the heat pump that radiates heat to the fixing member is used separately from the “refrigerant”.

上述のような電熱ヒータを用いた定着用加熱装置は、電子写真方式の画像形成装置における消費電力の大半を占め、結果的に電力会社を通じて大量のCOを排出する。 The fixing heating device using the electric heater as described above occupies most of the power consumption in the electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and as a result, a large amount of CO 2 is discharged through the electric power company.

本発明は、画像形成装置外の熱源で発生した熱エネルギーを導入して加熱定着に利用し、定着用加熱装置に由来して発生するCOを総合的に軽減可能とすることを目的とする。 It is an object of the present invention to introduce heat energy generated by a heat source outside an image forming apparatus and use it for heating and fixing so that CO 2 generated from a fixing heating apparatus can be comprehensively reduced. .

本発明の定着装置は、電子写真装置外より導入した熱媒の熱を利用して定着部材を加熱する電子写真装置用の定着装置であって、前記熱媒供給源と前記定着部材の間に、前記熱媒が担持している熱エネルギーを吸い上げて前記定着部材に供給するヒートポンプを介在させている。   The fixing device of the present invention is a fixing device for an electrophotographic apparatus that heats a fixing member using heat of a heat medium introduced from outside the electrophotographic apparatus, and is between the heat medium supply source and the fixing member. In addition, a heat pump that sucks up the heat energy carried by the heat medium and supplies the heat energy to the fixing member is interposed.

本発明によれば、画像形成装置外の熱源で発生させた熱エネルギーを導入して加熱定着に利用し、定着装置に由来して発生するCOを総合的に軽減できる。 According to the present invention, heat energy generated by a heat source outside the image forming apparatus is introduced and used for heat fixing, and CO 2 generated from the fixing apparatus can be comprehensively reduced.

本発明に係る一実施形態の概念図Conceptual diagram of one embodiment according to the present invention 本発明に係る一実施形態の概念図Conceptual diagram of one embodiment according to the present invention ヒートポンプとその周辺の図Figure of heat pump and surrounding area 定着部材とその周辺の断面図Cross-sectional view of the fixing member and its surroundings 熱交換器の断面図Cross section of heat exchanger 一定の熱量供給に必要なヒートポンプの負荷推移を示した模式的な3次元グラフ図Schematic three-dimensional graph showing the load transition of the heat pump required for supplying a certain amount of heat 本発明に係る一実施形態の動作のフロー図Flow chart of operation of one embodiment according to the present invention 本発明に係る一実施形態の各種数値決定のフロー図The flowchart of various numerical value determination of one Embodiment concerning this invention

以下、本発明の実施形態を説明する。この実施形態では、熱媒と定着部材とが直接接触せず、両者の間にヒートポンプが介在する構成であり、熱媒の温度が定着に適した温度よりも低い場合には熱媒が担持している熱エネルギーをヒートポンプが吸い上げて定着部材に付与し、結果として定着部材のみを加熱して熱媒の加熱に余計な電力を費やさないで済むようにすることで、定着用加熱装置に由来して発生するCOを総合的に軽減できるようにするものである。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In this embodiment, the heat medium and the fixing member are not in direct contact with each other, and a heat pump is interposed between them. When the temperature of the heat medium is lower than the temperature suitable for fixing, the heat medium is supported. The heat pump sucks up the heat energy that is applied to the fixing member and, as a result, only the fixing member is heated so that no extra power is consumed to heat the heating medium. This makes it possible to comprehensively reduce CO 2 generated.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。
まず、本発明を適用し得る画像形成装置の一例について図1を参照して説明を行う。図1において、100は画像形成装置本体、200はそれを載せる給紙テーブル、300は画像形成装置本体100上に取り付けるスキャナ、500はさらにその上に取り付ける原稿自動搬送装置である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, an example of an image forming apparatus to which the present invention can be applied will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, 100 is an image forming apparatus main body, 200 is a paper feed table on which it is placed, 300 is a scanner mounted on the image forming apparatus main body 100, and 500 is an automatic document feeder mounted on the image forming apparatus main body 100.

画像形成装置本体100には、潜像担持体としての感光体40の周囲に帯電、現像、クリーニング等の電子写真プロセスを実行する各手段を備えた画像形成手段18を、4つ並列にしたタンデム型画像形成装置20が備えられている。タンデム型画像形成装置20の上部には、画像情報に基づいて感光体40をレーザー光により露光し潜像を形成する露光装置21が設けられている。また、タンデム型画像形成装置20の各感光体40と対向する位置には、無端状のベルト部材からなる中間転写ベルト19が設けられている。中間転写ベルト19を介して感光体40と相対する位置には、感光体40上に形成された各色のトナー像を中間転写ベルト10に転写する一次転写手段62が配置されている。   The image forming apparatus main body 100 includes four tandem image forming units 18 each including various units for performing an electrophotographic process such as charging, developing, and cleaning around a photosensitive member 40 as a latent image carrier. A type image forming apparatus 20 is provided. Above the tandem image forming apparatus 20, there is provided an exposure apparatus 21 that exposes the photoreceptor 40 with laser light based on image information to form a latent image. Further, an intermediate transfer belt 19 made of an endless belt member is provided at a position facing each photoconductor 40 of the tandem type image forming apparatus 20. A primary transfer unit 62 for transferring the toner images of the respective colors formed on the photoconductor 40 to the intermediate transfer belt 10 is disposed at a position facing the photoconductor 40 via the intermediate transfer belt 19.

画像形成手段18の現像装置400には、上記のトナーを含んだ現像剤を用いる。現像装置400は、現像剤担持体が現像剤を担持、搬送して、感光体40との対向位置において交互電界を印加して感光体40上の潜像を現像する。交互電界を印加することで現像剤を活性化させ、トナーの帯電量分布をより狭くすることができ、現像性を向上させることができる。 The developing device 400 of the image forming unit 18 uses a developer containing the above toner. In the developing device 400, the developer carrying member carries and conveys the developer, and an alternating electric field is applied at a position facing the photoconductor 40 to develop the latent image on the photoconductor 40. By applying an alternating electric field, the developer can be activated, the toner charge amount distribution can be narrowed, and the developability can be improved.

上述の画像形成装置の動作は以下の通りである。
まず、原稿自動搬送装置500の原稿台30上に原稿をセットする、または、原稿自動搬送装置500を開いてスキャナ300のコンタクトガラス32上に原稿をセットし、原稿自動搬送装置500を閉じてそれで押さえる。
The operation of the above-described image forming apparatus is as follows.
First, the document is set on the document table 30 of the automatic document feeder 500, or the automatic document feeder 500 is opened and the document is set on the contact glass 32 of the scanner 300, and the automatic document feeder 500 is closed. Hold down.

そして、不図示のスタートスイッチを押すと、原稿自動搬送装置500に原稿をセットしたときは、原稿を搬送してコンタクトガラス32上へと移動して後、他方コンタクトガラス32上に原稿をセットしたときは、直ちにスキャナ300を駆動し、第一走行体33および第二走行体34を走行する。そして、第一走行体33で光源から光を発射するとともに原稿面からの反射光をさらに反射して第二走行体34に向け、第二走行体34のミラーで反射して結像レンズ35を通して読取センサ36に入れ、原稿内容を読み取る。   When a start switch (not shown) is pressed, when the document is set on the automatic document feeder 500, the document is transported and moved onto the contact glass 32, and then the document is set on the other contact glass 32. At that time, the scanner 300 is immediately driven to travel the first traveling body 33 and the second traveling body 34. Then, the first traveling body 33 emits light from the light source and further reflects the reflected light from the document surface toward the second traveling body 34 and reflects by the mirror of the second traveling body 34 and passes through the imaging lens 35. The document is placed in the reading sensor 36 and the original content is read.

また、不図示のスタートスイッチを押すと、不図示の駆動モータで支持ローラ15、16、17の1つを回転駆動して他の2つの支持ローラを従動回転し、中間転写ベルト19を回転搬送する。同時に、個々の画像形成手段18でその感光体40を回転して各感光体40上にそれぞれ、ブラック(K)、イエロー(Y)、マゼンタ(M)、シアン(C)の単色画像を形成する。そして、中間転写ベルト19の搬送とともに、それらの単色画像を順次転写して中間転写ベルト19上に合成カラー画像を形成する。   When a start switch (not shown) is pressed, one of the support rollers 15, 16, and 17 is rotationally driven by a drive motor (not shown), the other two support rollers are driven to rotate, and the intermediate transfer belt 19 is rotated and conveyed. To do. At the same time, the individual image forming means 18 rotates the photoconductor 40 to form single color images of black (K), yellow (Y), magenta (M), and cyan (C) on each photoconductor 40. . Then, along with the conveyance of the intermediate transfer belt 19, the monochrome images are sequentially transferred to form a composite color image on the intermediate transfer belt 19.

一方、不図示のスタートスイッチを押すと、給紙テーブル200の給紙ローラ42の1つを選択回転し、ペーパーバンク43に多段に備える給紙カセット44の1つからシートを繰り出し、分離ローラ45で1枚ずつ分離して給紙路46に入れ、搬送ローラ47で搬送して複写機本体100内の給紙路48に導き、レジストローラ49に突き当てて止める。または、給紙ローラ50を回転して手差しトレイ51上のシートを繰り出し、分離ローラ52で1枚ずつ分離して手差し給紙路53に入れ、同じくレジストローラ49に突き当てて止める。   On the other hand, when a start switch (not shown) is pressed, one of the paper feed rollers 42 of the paper feed table 200 is selectively rotated, and the sheet is fed out from one of the paper feed cassettes 44 provided in multiple stages in the paper bank 43, and the separation roller 45. Then, the sheets are separated one by one into the paper feed path 46, transported by the transport roller 47, guided to the paper feed path 48 in the copying machine main body 100, and abutted against the registration roller 49 and stopped. Alternatively, the sheet feed roller 50 is rotated to feed out the sheets on the manual feed tray 51, separated one by one by the separation roller 52, put into the manual feed path 53, and abutted against the registration roller 49 and stopped.

そして、中間転写ベルト19上の合成カラー画像にタイミングを合わせてレジストローラ49を回転し、中間転写ベルト19と二次転写装置22との間にシートを送り込み、二次転写装置22で転写してシート上にカラー画像を記録する。   Then, the registration roller 49 is rotated in synchronization with the composite color image on the intermediate transfer belt 19, the sheet is fed between the intermediate transfer belt 19 and the secondary transfer device 22, and transferred by the secondary transfer device 22. A color image is recorded on the sheet.

画像転写後のシートは、二次転写装置22で搬送して熱定着装置25へと送り込み、熱定着装置25で熱と圧力とを加えて転写画像を熱と圧力で定着させた後、排出ローラ56で排紙トレイ57上にスタックする。または、シート反転装置28に入れ、そこで反転させて再び転写位置へと導き、裏面にも画像を記録して後、排出ローラ56で排紙トレイ57上に排出する。   The sheet after the image transfer is conveyed by the secondary transfer device 22 and sent to the heat fixing device 25. The heat fixing device 25 applies heat and pressure to fix the transferred image with heat and pressure, and then the discharge roller. At 56, the paper is stacked on the paper discharge tray 57. Alternatively, the sheet is put into the sheet reversing device 28, reversed there and led to the transfer position again, and the image is recorded also on the back surface, and then discharged onto the discharge tray 57 by the discharge roller 56.

一方、画像転写後の中間転写ベルト19は、中間転写ベルトクリーニング装置21で、画像転写後に中間転写ベルト19上に残留する残留トナーを除去し、タンデム画像形成装置20による再度の画像形成に備える。   On the other hand, the intermediate transfer belt 19 after the image transfer is removed by the intermediate transfer belt cleaning device 21 to remove residual toner remaining on the intermediate transfer belt 19 after the image transfer, so that the tandem image forming device 20 can prepare for the image formation again.

図2は、本発明に係る一実施形態の概念図である。本実施形態では、電子写真方式のプリンタPへ熱媒供給源Hから供給される熱媒(図中2が熱媒流路を示す)と定着部材5との間にヒートポンプ1を介在させている。本実施形態で利用できるヒートポンプ1としては、蒸気圧縮ヒートポンプやスターリングヒートポンプのように冷媒を強制循環させる方式の他、ペルチエ効果を用いるもの、音響を用いるもの、磁気を用いるものなどが挙げられる。また、熱媒供給源Hとしては、燃焼熱や太陽熱等を用いた各種ボイラーやエンジン、コンピュータ機器、等が考えられ、これらの機器から無駄に排出される廃熱を、空気や温水などの各種流体の形で熱媒として利用する。   FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the heat pump 1 is interposed between the fixing member 5 and a heat medium (2 in the figure indicates a heat medium flow path) supplied from the heat medium supply source H to the electrophotographic printer P. . Examples of the heat pump 1 that can be used in the present embodiment include a system that uses a Peltier effect, a system that uses sound, and a system that uses magnetism, as well as a system that forcibly circulates a refrigerant, such as a vapor compression heat pump and a Stirling heat pump. Further, as the heat medium supply source H, various boilers, engines, computer equipment, etc. using combustion heat, solar heat, etc. are conceivable, and waste heat exhausted from these equipment is used for various kinds such as air and hot water. It is used as a heat medium in the form of fluid.

図中Cはヒートポンプ制御機構、Sは温度センサであり、熱媒と定着部材5がともに定着に適する温度よりも低い場合、ヒートポンプ1は熱媒から熱を奪い取って定着部材5に送り込む補助加熱動作をする。電熱ヒータによる補助加熱と比較すると、電熱ヒータでは定着部材5と熱媒の双方を加熱してしまうので、熱媒を加熱する分のエネルギーが無駄になるのに対し、ヒートポンプ1では定着部材5だけを加熱するので、熱媒を加熱する分の無駄なエネルギーが不要となる。さらに、ヒートポンプ1の加熱COP(Coefficient Of Performance:成績係数)値は原理的に1以上であることも併せて、電熱ヒータよりも少ない電力で定着部材5を加熱可能となっている。   In the figure, C is a heat pump control mechanism, and S is a temperature sensor. When both the heat medium and the fixing member 5 are lower than the temperature suitable for fixing, the heat pump 1 takes heat from the heat medium and sends it to the fixing member 5. do. Compared with the auxiliary heating by the electric heater, the electric heater heats both the fixing member 5 and the heat medium, so that the energy for heating the heat medium is wasted, whereas in the heat pump 1, only the fixing member 5 is used. As a result, the wasteful energy for heating the heating medium is not required. Further, the heating COP (Coefficient of Performance) value of the heat pump 1 is 1 or more in principle, and the fixing member 5 can be heated with less electric power than the electric heater.

図3〜図5は、本発明の一実施形態として、冷媒を強制循環させるタイプのヒートポンプ1を用いた構成例を説明する図で、図3はヒートポンプ1とその周辺の図、図4は定着部材5とその周辺の断面図、図5は熱交換器の断面図をそれぞれ示している。   3 to 5 are diagrams for explaining an example of a configuration using a heat pump 1 of a type in which a refrigerant is forcedly circulated as an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view of the heat pump 1 and its surroundings, and FIG. Sectional drawing of the member 5 and its periphery, FIG. 5 has each shown sectional drawing of the heat exchanger.

冷媒を強制循環させるタイプのヒートポンプ1としては、スターリングヒートポンプや蒸気圧縮ヒートポンプが挙げられる。スターリングヒートポンプはスターリングエンジンの逆動作によるヒートポンプで、主に冷媒であるガス(ヘリウムや窒素、空気など)の断熱膨張と断熱圧縮の繰り返しによって熱の移動を行う。蒸気圧縮ヒートポンプは、冷媒であるガスの加圧による液化と減圧による気化を繰り返すことで熱の移動を行う。蒸気圧縮ヒートポンプの冷媒としては、定着のために200℃近い温度に達する必要があるため、炭酸ガスが好ましい。   Examples of the heat pump 1 that forcibly circulates the refrigerant include a Stirling heat pump and a vapor compression heat pump. A Stirling heat pump is a heat pump based on the reverse operation of a Stirling engine, and moves heat mainly by adiabatic expansion and adiabatic compression of a gas (such as helium, nitrogen, and air) that is a refrigerant. A vapor compression heat pump performs heat transfer by repeating liquefaction by pressurization of gas as a refrigerant and vaporization by decompression. As the refrigerant of the vapor compression heat pump, carbon dioxide is preferable because it needs to reach a temperature close to 200 ° C. for fixing.

図3で示すように、プリンタ筐体壁10を通した一対の熱媒流路2と、熱媒の本流用の流量調節弁14a(符号14bは迂回用の流量調節弁を示す)を経由してプリンタPの外から導入された熱媒は、熱交換器3を通過する際に吸熱パイプ1cに熱を分け与える。吸熱パイプ1c内では冷媒が熱を受け取り、その後、冷媒がヒートポンプ本体1aを経由する際には、断熱圧縮(スターリングヒートポンプの場合)または蒸気凝縮(蒸気圧縮ヒートポンプの場合)等によりさらに温度を上げる。最高点まで温度が上がった冷媒は、放熱パイプ1b内を通過する際に定着ヘッド7内の定着部材5に熱を分け与える。放熱パイプ1bからヒートポンプ本体1aに戻った冷媒は、断熱膨張(スターリングヒートポンプの場合)または蒸発(蒸気圧縮ヒートポンプの場合)等によって温度を下げられ、再度吸熱パイプ1cに還流する。図中7は加熱定着ヘッド(以下、単に定着ヘッドという)、13aは定着部材用の温度センサ、13bは熱交換器3よりも上流の熱媒用の温度センサ、13cは調整弁14よりも上流の熱媒用の温度センサである。   As shown in FIG. 3, it passes through a pair of heat medium flow paths 2 through the printer housing wall 10 and a flow rate control valve 14a for main flow of the heat medium (reference numeral 14b indicates a bypass flow rate control valve). The heat medium introduced from the outside of the printer P distributes heat to the heat absorption pipe 1 c when passing through the heat exchanger 3. In the heat absorption pipe 1c, the refrigerant receives heat, and then, when the refrigerant passes through the heat pump main body 1a, the temperature is further increased by adiabatic compression (in the case of a Stirling heat pump) or vapor condensation (in the case of a vapor compression heat pump). The refrigerant whose temperature has risen to the highest point distributes heat to the fixing member 5 in the fixing head 7 when passing through the heat radiating pipe 1b. The refrigerant that has returned from the heat radiating pipe 1b to the heat pump main body 1a is lowered in temperature by adiabatic expansion (in the case of a Stirling heat pump) or evaporation (in the case of a vapor compression heat pump), and then recirculates to the heat absorbing pipe 1c. In the figure, 7 is a heat fixing head (hereinafter simply referred to as a fixing head), 13a is a temperature sensor for a fixing member, 13b is a temperature sensor for a heat medium upstream of the heat exchanger 3, and 13c is upstream of the regulating valve 14. This is a temperature sensor for the heat medium.

図4で示すように、定着ヘッド7は放熱パイプ1bと定着部材5の間が溶接又はロウ付けなどによって熱的に導通した構成になっており、その一方で、放熱パイプ1bの定着部材5と接していない部分は断熱材4で覆って熱が逃げにくい構造になっている。その他に、定着部材5に貫通孔を開けて冷媒を通す構成も考えられる。   As shown in FIG. 4, the fixing head 7 has a structure in which the heat radiating pipe 1b and the fixing member 5 are thermally connected to each other by welding or brazing. The portion that is not in contact is covered with a heat insulating material 4 so that heat does not easily escape. In addition, a configuration in which a through hole is formed in the fixing member 5 to allow the refrigerant to pass therethrough can be considered.

定着部材5の下面は、無端状の定着ベルト11と摺動していて、定着部材5は定着ベルト11を介して加圧ローラ9との間に紙等の記録媒体を挟み(以下、紙8と記載する)、紙8上のトナー像に熱と圧力を印加して定着を行う。定着部材5には、熱伝導性が良い材料として金属やセラミックを用いることが好ましい。特に、銅やアルミを単体または合金として用いるのが好適である。定着部材5の定着ベルト11と接触する面には、摺動の摩擦力軽減のためにフッ素樹脂などの低摩擦材料で表面をコートすることができる。また、定着部材5と転写ベルト11の間には、摩擦軽減に加えて熱伝達性を向上させるため、シリコングリース等の不揮発性の液体を介在させることができる。また、断熱材4の材質としては、スポンジのように大量の細かい気泡を含んだセラミックやポリイミド樹脂等の耐熱素材を用いることができる。また、定着ヘッド7を固定するためや付勢するために、少なくとも断熱材4の一部には構造材としての強度を備えた材質を用いることが望ましい。なお図中12はベルト送りローラである。   The lower surface of the fixing member 5 slides on an endless fixing belt 11, and the fixing member 5 sandwiches a recording medium such as paper between the pressure roller 9 and the fixing belt 11 (hereinafter, paper 8). The toner image on the paper 8 is fixed by applying heat and pressure. The fixing member 5 is preferably made of metal or ceramic as a material having good thermal conductivity. In particular, it is preferable to use copper or aluminum as a simple substance or an alloy. The surface of the fixing member 5 that comes into contact with the fixing belt 11 can be coated with a low friction material such as a fluororesin to reduce sliding frictional force. Further, a non-volatile liquid such as silicon grease can be interposed between the fixing member 5 and the transfer belt 11 in order to improve heat transfer in addition to reducing friction. Moreover, as a material of the heat insulating material 4, a heat resistant material such as ceramic or polyimide resin containing a large amount of fine bubbles such as sponge can be used. In order to fix or bias the fixing head 7, it is desirable to use a material having strength as a structural material for at least a part of the heat insulating material 4. In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes a belt feed roller.

熱交換器3としては、さまざまな構成が考えられるが、ここでは一例として図5で示すもののように、最も単純に熱媒流路2の中に放熱パイプ1cを浮かべた構成を例示する。放熱パイプ1cには、熱媒流路2との接触面積を増やして熱伝達を向上させるために、フィン6を取り付けることができる。また、熱媒流路2は全体を断熱材4で覆い、熱の損失を防ぐことが望ましい。このときの断熱材4は、それ自体に構造材としての強度を持たせても良いし、金属等の管を断熱材で包んだ形態でも良い。   As the heat exchanger 3, various configurations are conceivable. Here, as an example, a configuration in which the heat radiating pipe 1c is floated in the heat medium flow path 2 is illustrated as shown in FIG. Fins 6 can be attached to the heat radiating pipe 1c in order to increase the contact area with the heat medium flow path 2 and improve heat transfer. Further, it is desirable that the heat medium flow path 2 is entirely covered with a heat insulating material 4 to prevent heat loss. The heat insulating material 4 at this time may itself have a strength as a structural material, or may be a form in which a tube of metal or the like is wrapped with a heat insulating material.

このような熱媒とヒートポンプ1とで定着部材5を加熱する際の課題としては、熱媒の温度変化にかかわらず、定着部材5を高精度に温度調整する必要性が挙げられる。定着部材5の温度が、定着に適した所定の温度範囲をたとえ一瞬でも逸脱すると定着不良につながる可能性がある。それに対して、外部から熱媒を取り込む構成であれば、当然のことながら熱媒の温度が変動することも考慮に入れなくてはならず、したがって極端な場合ではあるが、熱媒が常温付近から一転して定着適温をはるかに超える高温となって突発的に流入することも有り得る。   As a problem when the fixing member 5 is heated with such a heat medium and the heat pump 1, there is a need to adjust the temperature of the fixing member 5 with high accuracy regardless of a temperature change of the heat medium. If the temperature of the fixing member 5 deviates from a predetermined temperature range suitable for fixing even for a moment, there is a possibility that fixing failure will occur. On the other hand, if the heat medium is taken in from the outside, it must be taken into consideration that the temperature of the heat medium fluctuates. There is also a possibility that it will suddenly flow in at a high temperature far exceeding the optimum fixing temperature.

その対策としてまず、図3に示したように、温度センサ13a、13bを設け、温度センサ13aは定着部材5の温度、温度センサ13bは熱交換器3の熱媒入口付近の熱媒温度をそれぞれ計測する。そして、ヒートポンプ1はインバータ方式等で連続的に負荷が可変な構成とし、ヒートポンプ1の負荷は、温度センサ13aだけでなく温度センサ13bの計測値も加味して決定することができる。このときのヒートポンプ1の負荷は、例えば図6のようなグラフをもとにして、定着部材の加熱に必要なワット数からの換算が可能である。   As countermeasures, first, as shown in FIG. 3, temperature sensors 13 a and 13 b are provided, the temperature sensor 13 a is the temperature of the fixing member 5, and the temperature sensor 13 b is the temperature of the heat medium near the heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger 3. measure. The heat pump 1 has a configuration in which the load is continuously variable by an inverter method or the like, and the load of the heat pump 1 can be determined in consideration of not only the temperature sensor 13a but also the measured value of the temperature sensor 13b. The load of the heat pump 1 at this time can be converted from the wattage required for heating the fixing member based on a graph as shown in FIG. 6, for example.

図6は、冷媒が循環するタイプのヒートポンプ1を用いた構成で、定着部材の温度と熱媒の温度をパラメータとして、定着部材に時間当たり一定の熱量(=仕事率W)を供給するのに必要なヒートポンプ1の負荷がどのように推移するかを示した模式的な3次元グラフである。図6において定着の適温領域は図示されていないが、定着部材5の温度と熱媒の温度それぞれの中央付近に定着の適温領域がある。なお、熱媒温度における定着の適温は、定着部材5における定着の適温に準じている。   FIG. 6 shows a configuration using a heat pump 1 of a type in which a refrigerant circulates, and supplying a fixed amount of heat per hour (= working power W) to the fixing member using the temperature of the fixing member and the temperature of the heat medium as parameters. It is the typical three-dimensional graph which showed how the load of the required heat pump 1 changed. Although an appropriate temperature region for fixing is not shown in FIG. 6, there is an appropriate temperature region for fixing near the center of the temperature of the fixing member 5 and the temperature of the heat medium. The appropriate temperature for fixing at the temperature of the heat medium is in accordance with the appropriate temperature for fixing in the fixing member 5.

さらに、ヒートポンプ1の負荷変更だけでは対応できない場合に備えて、図2に示したように、温度センサ13cを熱媒流路の上流に配置し、その下流に流量調整弁14a、14bを設けて、熱交換器3から熱媒を迂回可能とする構成を採用できる。これは、例えば熱交換器3の耐熱温度をはるかに超えるような熱媒が流入しそうになったときは(そのような温度を、以下で危険温度という)、これを温度センサ13cで事前に察知し、流量調整弁14aを閉じると同時に流量調整弁14bを開け、流量調整弁14bを介して熱媒を熱交換器3から排出側の熱媒流路2へ迂回させる、という動作をとることができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the temperature sensor 13c is arranged upstream of the heat medium flow path, and the flow rate adjusting valves 14a and 14b are provided downstream thereof in preparation for the case where it is impossible to cope with the load change of the heat pump 1 alone. In addition, a configuration in which the heat medium can be bypassed from the heat exchanger 3 can be adopted. This is because, for example, when a heat medium that is much higher than the heat-resistant temperature of the heat exchanger 3 is likely to flow in (this temperature is referred to as a dangerous temperature below), this is detected in advance by the temperature sensor 13c. Then, the flow adjustment valve 14a is closed and the flow adjustment valve 14b is opened at the same time, and the heat medium is diverted from the heat exchanger 3 to the discharge-side heat medium flow path 2 via the flow adjustment valve 14b. it can.

また、熱媒の温度がそれほど高くない場合(そのような温度を、以下で超過温度という)には、流量調整弁14aを全閉にはせず、定着に必要となる熱量分だけ熱媒を熱交換器3に流すこともできる。ただしその場合は、図6で示した換算グラフを、流量に応じて補正する必要がある。具体的には、例えば流量と熱媒温度と定着部材5の温度の3種類をパラメータとした三元ルックアップテーブルなどを用いることができる。   In addition, when the temperature of the heat medium is not so high (such temperature is hereinafter referred to as an excess temperature), the flow rate adjusting valve 14a is not fully closed, and the heat medium is removed by the amount of heat necessary for fixing. It can also be passed through the heat exchanger 3. However, in that case, it is necessary to correct the conversion graph shown in FIG. 6 according to the flow rate. Specifically, for example, a three-way lookup table using three types of parameters, that is, a flow rate, a heat medium temperature, and a temperature of the fixing member 5 can be used.

上述した動作のフロー、各種数値の決定のフローを図7、図8を用いて簡単に示す。この例では、2つの独立したフローからなり、少なくとも安全対策系制御フローは、他の制御フローからの干渉を受けないように設計することが好ましい。   The flow of the above-described operation and the flow of determination of various numerical values are simply shown using FIGS. In this example, it is preferable that the flow is composed of two independent flows, and at least the safety countermeasure control flow is designed so as not to receive interference from other control flows.

図7のフロー図を説明する。温度センサ13cで流入する熱媒の温度を計測し(ステップS1)、計測した温度が危険温度か否かを判断し(ステップS2)、危険温度に達していなければ超過温度か否かを判断し(ステップS3)、超過温度未満であればステップS1へ戻って計測を続行する。ステップS2において危険温度以上であれば、流量調整弁14bを開けて熱媒を熱交換器3から排出側の熱媒流路2へ迂回させて排出し、ステップS1へ戻って計測を続行する(ステップ4)。また、ステップS3で熱媒が超過温度以上であれば、流量調整弁14bを適宜の開度だけ開けて熱媒を熱交換器3から排出側の熱媒流路2へ部分的に迂回させて部分的に排出し、ステップS1へ戻って計測を続行する(ステップ5)。   The flowchart of FIG. 7 will be described. The temperature of the inflowing heat medium is measured by the temperature sensor 13c (step S1), and it is determined whether or not the measured temperature is a dangerous temperature (step S2). (Step S3) If the temperature is lower than the excess temperature, the process returns to Step S1 to continue the measurement. If the temperature is higher than the dangerous temperature in step S2, the flow rate adjusting valve 14b is opened to discharge the heat medium from the heat exchanger 3 to the discharge side heat medium flow path 2, and the flow returns to step S1 to continue the measurement ( Step 4). Further, if the heat medium is at or above the excess temperature in step S3, the flow rate adjusting valve 14b is opened by an appropriate degree of opening so that the heat medium is partially bypassed from the heat exchanger 3 to the heat medium flow path 2 on the discharge side. Partially discharged, the process returns to step S1 to continue measurement (step 5).

図8のフロー図を説明する。温度センサ13aで定着部材5の温度を計測し(ステップS1)、これをもとに定着部5の加熱ワット数を決定し(ステップS2)、温度センサ13bで熱交換器3の熱媒入口付近の熱媒温度を計測し(ステップS3)、これをもとにヒートポンプ1の負荷を決定する(ステップS4)。すなわち、ヒートポンプ1の負荷を、温度センサ13aと温度センサ13bの計測値を加味して決定するフローを繰り返す。   The flowchart of FIG. 8 will be described. The temperature of the fixing member 5 is measured by the temperature sensor 13a (step S1), and the heating wattage of the fixing unit 5 is determined based on this (step S2), and the vicinity of the heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger 3 by the temperature sensor 13b. Is measured (step S3), and based on this, the load of the heat pump 1 is determined (step S4). That is, the flow for determining the load of the heat pump 1 in consideration of the measured values of the temperature sensor 13a and the temperature sensor 13b is repeated.

また本発明は以上説明した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、多くの変形が本発明の技術的思想内で当分野において通常の知識を有する者により可能である。   The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and many modifications can be made by those having ordinary knowledge in the art within the technical idea of the present invention.

1:ヒートポンプ
1a:ヒートポンプ本体
1b:ヒートポンプの放熱パイプ
1c:ヒートポンプの吸熱パイプ
2:熱媒流路
3:熱交換器
4:断熱材
5:定着部材
6:フィン
7:定着ヘッド
8:紙(記録媒体)
9:加圧ローラ
10:プリンタ筐体壁
11:定着ベルト
12:ベルト送りローラ
13a:定着部材用温度センサ
13b:熱交換器3よりも上流の熱媒用温度センサ
13c:調整弁14よりも上流の熱媒用温度センサ
14a:本流用
14b:迂回用
18:画像形成手段
20:タンデム型画像形成装置
40:感光体
100:画像形成装置本体
200:給紙テーブル
300:スキャナ
500:原稿自動搬送装置
P:プリンタ
H:熱媒供給源
C:ヒートポンプ制御機構
S:温度センサ
1: Heat pump 1a: Heat pump body 1b: Heat pump radiating pipe 1c: Heat pump heat absorbing pipe 2: Heat medium flow path 3: Heat exchanger 4: Heat insulating material 5: Fixing member 6: Fin 7: Fixing head 8: Paper (recording) Medium)
9: Pressure roller 10: Printer housing wall 11: Fixing belt 12: Belt feed roller 13a: Temperature sensor 13b for fixing member: Temperature sensor 13c for heating medium upstream from the heat exchanger 3: Upstream from the adjusting valve 14 Temperature sensor 14a: main flow 14b: bypass 18: image forming means 20: tandem type image forming apparatus 40: photoconductor 100: image forming apparatus main body 200: paper feed table 300: scanner 500: automatic document feeder P: Printer H: Heat medium supply source C: Heat pump control mechanism S: Temperature sensor

特許第3310767号公報Japanese Patent No. 3310767 特開昭62−267786号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-267786 特開平09−179430号公報JP 09-179430 A 特開2006−010942号公報JP 2006-010942 A

Claims (6)

電子写真装置外より導入した熱媒の熱を利用して定着部材を加熱する電子写真装置用の定着装置であって、
前記熱媒供給源と前記定着部材の間に、前記熱媒が担持している熱エネルギーを吸い上げて前記定着部材に供給するヒートポンプを介在させた、ことを特徴とする定着装置。
A fixing device for an electrophotographic apparatus that heats a fixing member using heat of a heat medium introduced from outside the electrophotographic apparatus,
A fixing device, wherein a heat pump that sucks up heat energy carried by the heat medium and supplies the heat energy to the fixing member is interposed between the heat medium supply source and the fixing member.
請求項1に記載の定着装置において、前記熱媒供給源から前記定着部材に熱媒を供給する経路と、前記定着部材から前記熱媒供給源へ熱媒を戻す排出側の経路と、前記両経路の間をつなぐ迂回経路と、該迂回経路を開閉する弁を備える、ことを特徴とする定着装置。   2. The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein a path for supplying a heat medium from the heat medium supply source to the fixing member, a discharge-side path for returning the heat medium from the fixing member to the heat medium supply source, the both A fixing device comprising a bypass route connecting between the routes and a valve for opening and closing the bypass route. 請求項2に記載の定着装置において、
前記熱媒供給源から前記定着部材に熱媒を供給する経路で流入する熱媒の温度を計測する温度センサを備え、該温度センサで計測した温度が所定の危険温度か否か、該危険温度未満ではあるが所要の温度を超えている超過温度か否かを判断し、熱媒が前記危険温度以上であれば前記迂回経路を開閉する弁を開けて熱媒を前記排出側の経路を介して前記熱媒供給源側へ排出する、ことを特徴とする定着装置。
The fixing device according to claim 2,
A temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the heat medium flowing in the path for supplying the heat medium from the heat medium supply source to the fixing member, and whether or not the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is a predetermined dangerous temperature; It is determined whether or not the temperature exceeds the required temperature, but if the heating medium is higher than the dangerous temperature, a valve that opens and closes the bypass path is opened to pass the heating medium through the discharge side path. The fixing device is discharged to the heat medium supply source side.
請求項2または3に記載の定着装置において、
前記温度センサで計測した温度が前記危険温度未満で前記超過温度を超えている超過温度か否かを判断し、熱媒の温度が前記超過温度以上であれば前記迂回経路を開閉する弁を適宜開度だけ開けて熱媒を前記排出側の経路を介して前記熱媒供給源側へ部分的に排出する、ことを特徴とする定着装置。
The fixing device according to claim 2 or 3,
It is determined whether the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is an excess temperature that is less than the critical temperature and exceeds the excess temperature. If the temperature of the heating medium is equal to or greater than the excess temperature, a valve that opens and closes the bypass path is appropriately set. A fixing device, wherein the heating medium is partially opened and the heat medium is partially discharged to the heat medium supply source side through the discharge side path.
請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の定着装置において、前記熱媒供給源から前記定着部材に熱媒を供給する経路中に、該経路内を流れる熱媒との接触面積を増やして熱伝達を向上させるためのフィンを備えた放熱パイプを配した、ことを特徴とする定着装置。   5. The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein heat transfer is performed by increasing a contact area with the heat medium flowing in the path in the path for supplying the heat medium from the heat medium supply source to the fixing member. A heat dissipating pipe provided with fins for improving the temperature is provided. 請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の定着装置を用いたことを特徴とする画像形成装置。
An image forming apparatus using the fixing device according to claim 1.
JP2012119625A 2012-05-25 2012-05-25 Fixing device, and image forming apparatus Pending JP2013246299A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018124343A (en) * 2017-01-30 2018-08-09 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Thermal insulation system that keeps fixing part of image forming apparatus warm
US10807779B2 (en) 2014-12-23 2020-10-20 Sonoco Development, Inc. Die cut opening for multi-layer flexible package

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10807779B2 (en) 2014-12-23 2020-10-20 Sonoco Development, Inc. Die cut opening for multi-layer flexible package
JP2018124343A (en) * 2017-01-30 2018-08-09 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Thermal insulation system that keeps fixing part of image forming apparatus warm

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