JP2013245587A - Fuel injection direction changing method, fuel injection device and internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel injection direction changing method and a fuel injection device capable of accurately changing and controlling a fuel injection direction continuously and/or stepwise, without being affected by a state of fluid, and enabling the device to easily manage work accuracy, and to easily perform processing and production, by a combination of simple-shaped parts.SOLUTION: A passage member 11 is supported on the fuel injection side of the passage member 11 for constituting a fuel passage 11a so that an angle can be changed, and the fuel supply side of the passage member 11 is directly or indirectly supported by a turning member 13, and a fuel supply side position of the passage member 11 is moved by rotating the turning member 13 by driving of an actuator 14, so that the injection direction of fuel F is changed by changing the direction of the passage member 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel injection direction changing method, a fuel injection device, and an internal combustion engine that can easily control the fuel injection direction using an actuator.

  In recent years, automobile diesel engines are more popular in Europe and the like from the viewpoint of preventing global warming because they have better thermal efficiency than gasoline engines. However, this diesel engine contains harmful components that may be harmful to health, such as black smoke and nitrogen oxide (NOx), in exhaust gas, so it is not popular in Japan except for commercial vehicle engines. Absent.

  As one of countermeasures against this, a common rail device has come to be used for fuel injection of diesel engines, and it has become common. By using this common rail device, it is possible to inject ultra-high pressure fuel, so that atomization of fuel can be performed, mixing of fuel and air is promoted, and the amount of black smoke and particulate matter (PM) generated is reduced. can do. In addition, since the control of the fuel injection amount is easy, the combustion temperature can be lowered by finely changing the fuel injection amount and timing, thereby reducing the amount of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. Can do.

  However, in order to achieve more strict regulation values than the current exhaust gas regulations by suppressing the emission of components such as black smoke, particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas In addition to the fuel injection system using the common rail device, a more precise fuel control method is required.

  In this connection, since gentle initial combustion helps reduce nitrogen oxides and noise, by providing a mechanism that delays the pulling up of the needle that controls the fuel injection amount, the initial fuel injection amount is reduced, Then, as a fuel injection device that can increase the injection amount, prepare a plurality of needles, provide a throttle part in the hydraulic flow path for driving one needle, There has been proposed an injection device that realizes a “variable injection hole” by temporally manipulating the fuel injection amount so as to delay the operation start time between them (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  However, since this fuel injection device has a structure in which fuel injected from a flow path opened by a plurality of needles collides, fuel sprays collide with each other and a fuel rich region appears. It is estimated that harmful components such as black smoke, unburned hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide are generated in the gas. As a result, there is a trade-off relationship between the effects of nitrogen oxide reduction and noise reduction, and there is a problem that it does not lead to the development of a diesel engine that meets future exhaust gas regulations.

  In addition, it is conceivable that the cost for processing and production of the throttle part of the injection device also increases when mass production is considered. Also, since the timing of the injection delay is determined depending on the shape of the throttle, depending on the work accuracy of the throttle and its quality control, there is a high possibility that the timing of the injection delay will vary from injection unit to injection unit. Unless the fluid and the spring constant are controlled, there is a problem that it is difficult to control the engine by the fuel injection amount. In addition, there may be a flow loss due to the presence of the throttle portion, and there is also a problem that the mechanism is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of energy consumption, in which the energy required to increase the injection pressure is lost at the throttle portion.

  Further, the “variable injection hole” of this injection device cannot change the direction and angle of fuel injection, and is limited to the function of “variable injection amount”. However, in order to reduce harmful components in engine exhaust gas, the nozzle mechanism that changes the nozzle hole diameter, the number of injection holes, the injection direction, etc., that is, the state of the holes themselves can be made variable, There is a need for a nozzle mechanism that can control and deliver fuel. On the other hand, recently, a piezo-type injection device using a piezoelectric element (piezo element) has been realized, and it is possible to control fuel injection like the above-described injection device without preparing a plurality of needles. It is becoming.

  Further, in a cylinder (in a cylinder) of an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, when the engine is operated in the same combustion chamber, depending on the load related to the fuel injection amount and the engine speed related to the in-cylinder air flow, It is predicted that the amount of harmful components of the fuel will be different, and that the spread distribution of the fuel spray that is optimal for the increase in thermal efficiency will be different. This is because the over-concentrated and lean regions of fuel produced by fuel injection differ depending on the in-cylinder environment such as in-cylinder density, pressure, temperature, and flow, which is greatly affected by the load and engine speed. This is because the fuel distribution after fuel injection varies depending on the engine speed.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the combustion chamber 43 at the top of the piston 42 inserted into the cylinder 41 has the same shape, and the injection state of the fuel F injected from the fuel injection device (injector) 20 Even if the load is the same, if the load and the engine speed are different, as shown in FIG. 15, a good spray state is obtained, or if the load is increased, the portion indicated by the arrow A as shown in FIG. Thus, it is predicted that the fuel spray collides with the lower surface of the cylinder head 41a and the heat loss increases. Further, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 16, when the shape of the combustion chamber 43 is different, the optimum spraying situation also differs. Therefore, the injection direction of the fuel F is set in accordance with the shape of the fuel chamber 43. It will be necessary to make it different.

  That is, in the cylinder of the diesel engine (inside the cylinder), as shown in FIG. 17, when the fuel F is injected toward the combustion chamber 43 formed at the top of the piston 42 in the cylinder 41, 18, the overlap F2 of the injected sprays, and as shown in FIG. 19, after the sprays collide with the wall surface of the combustion chamber 43, the fuel rich region F <b> 2 is formed, thereby exhaust gas. It is expected to lead to an increase in harmful components such as Soot and HC. On the other hand, a fuel lean region F1 is also generated, and fuel that is discharged without completing combustion is also expected, so that fuel consumption is also expected to deteriorate. That is, it is desired to realize a fuel spray distribution that does not form the fuel-rich region F2 as much as possible and also reduces the unburned region.

  Therefore, if fuel can be injected while changing the spray angle of spray, harmful components in the exhaust gas can be reduced regardless of the in-cylinder environment, and high efficiency can be realized. Therefore, it has been desired to realize a fuel supply device that can set an optimal spray spread distribution according to the environment in the cylinder.

  As shown in the injection device that realizes the above-mentioned “variable injection hole”, if processing is performed by changing the angle of the fuel injection hole between the needles, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 21, by spraying from the narrow-angle injection hole of the needle and then from the wide-angle injection hole of the other needle, the spray having the widening angle is widened from the spray having the widening angle. Can be changed to injection. However, there is a problem that the spread distribution in the wide-angle spray becomes constant due to the hole processing.

  In this connection, in order to realize low NOx and low smoke diesel combustion, two types of “premixed compression injection mode” and “normal injection mode” are selected according to the engine operation state of light load and high load. Various types of injection methods have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2), indicating that there is a high demand for injection devices that can change the injection angle. However, this is a proposal for a combustion method and a combustion control technique, and no mention is made of an injection device itself that can change the injection angle for realizing the method.

JP 2000-329025 A JP 2003-83119 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to change and control the fuel injection direction accurately and continuously or stepwise without being influenced by the state of the fuel. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection direction changing method and a fuel injection device that can be easily processed and manufactured by combining a combination of simple shaped parts so that the machining accuracy can be easily managed.

  Further, the fuel injection direction can be finely controlled, and the optimum fuel injection direction with respect to the combustion chamber formed at the top of the piston according to the state of the cylinder (inside the cylinder) of the internal combustion engine. The fuel can be injected with precise setting, enabling the control to freely create the desired spatial distribution of the fuel, and is an extremely effective means for the fuel control technique for reducing harmful components of the exhaust gas. It is to provide a fuel injection device.

  A further object is to set an optimal fuel spray spread distribution according to the load of the internal combustion engine and the engine speed, to reduce harmful components in the exhaust gas, and to reduce the fuel consumption. The present invention provides an internal combustion engine capable of changing the angle of fuel injection during the fuel injection period while injecting fuel so as to be optimal.

  A fuel injection direction changing method of the present invention for achieving the above object is a fuel injection direction changing method for changing a fuel injection direction in a fuel injection device, comprising: The passage member is supported on the fuel injection side so that the angle can be changed, and the fuel supply side of the passage member is directly or indirectly supported by a turning member, and the turning member is rotated by driving of an actuator, thereby the passage member. In this method, the fuel injection direction is changed by moving the position of the fuel supply side to change the direction of the passage member.

  According to this method, the fuel injection direction can be inclined continuously and / or stepwise without being influenced by the state of the fuel.

  In the fuel injection direction changing method, the angle change on the fuel injection side is supported by providing a corrugated structure having an uneven surface between the passage member and the support member, and the actuator is piezoelectric. When the linear movement of the actuator is converted into movement in the rotational direction of the swivel member by the swirl generation mechanism, the piezoelectric element of the actuator outside the fuel passage through which the fuel passes is formed. The piezoelectric element is deformed by applying a voltage to (piezo element) and applying electric energy, thereby changing the position of the fuel supply side of the passage member via the swirl generation mechanism and the swirl member, and the fuel passes. Since the injection direction of the fuel passage is changed continuously or stepwise, it is added to the piezoelectric element by controlling the fuel injection direction using the piezoelectric element. That corresponding to the electrical signal, it is possible to fine control of the injection direction of the fuel.

  In order to achieve the above object, the fuel injection device of the present invention is a fuel injection device that changes the direction of fuel injected through the fuel passage, and the fuel of the passage member that constitutes the fuel passage. A rotation member that supports the injection side with a support member that can change the angle, and that directly or indirectly supports the fuel supply side of the passage member; and an actuator that rotates the rotation member. By rotating the swivel member and moving the fuel supply side of the passage member, the direction of the passage member is changed to change the fuel injection direction.

  According to this configuration, the fuel injection direction can be changed continuously and / or stepwise without being influenced by the state of the fuel, and the fuel injection direction can be changed to tilt the central axis of the injection hole. It is possible to control the spread of the fuel spray distribution by widely changing. Thereby, the variable injection spread distribution in the fuel injection can be realized.

  In the fuel injection device, the actuator may be formed including a piezoelectric element, the actuator control device may be formed by a voltage control device that applies a voltage to the piezoelectric element, and the actuator may be arranged in a linear direction. When a swirl generation mechanism that converts movement into movement in the rotation direction of the swivel member is provided and configured, in this configuration, the fuel injection direction is controlled using the piezoelectric element, so that according to the electrical signal applied to the piezoelectric element, Fine control of the fuel injection direction is possible. In addition to the fact that the fuel injection direction changing mechanism of this fuel injection device is configured by a combination of components, the components to be configured have a simple shape, which makes it easy to manage the machining accuracy. Is significantly improved, and inspection and management are facilitated.

  Further, in the fuel injection device described above, when the plurality of passage members are collectively supported by one swivel member, the plurality of passage members can be inclined by the control of one actuator. Also, even when a plurality of passage members are supported by the corresponding turning members, if the displacement is applied to each of the turning members by one actuator, the number of actuators can be reduced to one, and the fuel injection direction Simplify the structure and control of the change mechanism.

  Further, in the above fuel injection device, the support member is formed so as to support the fuel injection side of the passage member with an elastically deformable member, and the elastically deformable member has a corrugated structure having an uneven surface. Then, by using a corrugated structure having a concavo-convex surface having a relatively simple shape, the workability can be improved and the light support member can be obtained, and the corrugated structure is provided around the fuel injection side of the passage member. By providing the wall surface, the fuel injection side can be easily made into an airtight structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, an internal combustion engine of the present invention includes this fuel injection device. With this configuration, the fuel injection direction can be changed continuously and / or stepwise, and control for changing the fuel injection direction can be performed without being influenced by the state of the fuel. As a result, the fuel spray spread distribution can be set for each injection of one cycle of the piston stroke of the internal combustion engine, or the fuel injection direction can be changed even during fuel injection within one cycle. Fuel injection with a higher degree of freedom can be performed. In particular, when the fuel injection direction is controlled using a piezoelectric element, fine and accurate control is possible according to an electric signal applied to the piezoelectric element.

  Therefore, in accordance with the state of the cylinder (inside the cylinder) of the internal combustion engine, it becomes possible to precisely set the optimum fuel injection direction for the combustion chamber formed at the top of the piston and inject the fuel. It is possible to control to create a desired fuel spatial distribution freely in the combustion chamber. Therefore, since the fuel supply in the internal combustion engine can be further optimized, the internal combustion engine is provided with extremely effective means for the fuel control method for reducing harmful components of the exhaust gas.

  According to the fuel injection direction changing method according to the present invention, the swivel member is rotated by driving an actuator provided outside the fuel passage, so that the fuel injection direction can be accurately and continuously controlled regardless of the fuel state. The fuel injection direction can be changed and controlled manually and / or stepwise. In addition, the structure of the fuel injection direction changing mechanism is a combination of parts, and the constituent parts have a simple shape. Therefore, it is easy to manage the machining accuracy, and machining and production can be easily performed.

  According to the fuel injection device of the present invention, fine control is possible with respect to the direction of fuel injection, so that the combustion chamber formed at the top of the piston in accordance with the state in the cylinder (inside the cylinder) of the internal combustion engine Therefore, it is possible to precisely set the optimal fuel injection direction and inject fuel, and control to freely create a desired fuel spatial distribution is possible.

  Further, the internal combustion engine according to the present invention can set an optimal fuel spray spread distribution according to the load and the engine speed, can further reduce harmful components in the exhaust gas, and has low fuel consumption. The fuel injection direction can be changed while injecting fuel during the fuel injection period to be optimal for combustion. Therefore, this internal combustion engine is an internal combustion engine provided with means extremely effective for a fuel control method for reducing harmful components of exhaust gas.

It is a fragmentary sectional side view which shows the structure of the fuel-injection apparatus of embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of a nozzle. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the nozzle of FIG. It is a typical perspective view which shows the relationship between a turning member and a nozzle. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of an actuator, a turning member, and a turning generation mechanism. It is a typical perspective view which shows the relationship between the drive of an actuator, and turning of a turning member. It is a typical side view which shows the relationship between the drive of an actuator, and turning of a turning member. It is a figure which shows the change of the shape of fuel spray at the time of changing a fuel injection direction continuously, and is a figure which shows the state of an injection start. It is a figure which shows the change of the shape of fuel spray at the time of changing a fuel injection direction continuously, and is a figure which shows the state in the middle of injection. It is a figure which shows the change of the shape of the fuel spray at the time of changing a fuel injection direction continuously, and is a figure which shows the state of the completion | finish of injection. It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape of the fuel spray in a combustion chamber at the time of changing a fuel injection direction continuously. It is a typical fragmentary sectional side view which shows the spray condition of the fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. It is a typical fragmentary sectional side view which shows the spray condition of another fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. It is a typical fragmentary sectional side view which shows the spray condition of the fuel in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine in a prior art. It is a typical fragmentary sectional side view which shows the spray condition of another fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in the same combustion chamber shape as FIG. 14 in a prior art. FIG. 15 is a schematic partial cross-sectional side view showing a state of fuel spraying in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in a combustion chamber shape different from that in FIG. 14 in the prior art. It is a perspective view which shows typically the mode of the fuel injection in a cylinder. It is a figure which shows typically a mode that an injection area | region overlaps by the fuel injection in a cylinder. It is a perspective view which shows typically the mode of the fuel rich area which arises after spray collides with the wall surface of a combustion chamber by the fuel injection in a cylinder. It is typical partial sectional drawing which shows the injection in a narrow angle in the injection device which has a some injection hole in a prior art. It is a typical fragmentary sectional side view which shows the injection in a wide angle in the injection device which has a some injection hole of FIG.

  Hereinafter, a fuel injection direction changing method, a fuel injection device, and an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, a fuel injection device and a method for changing the fuel injection direction will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, in the fuel injection device (injector) 20 in this embodiment, a needle 21 that is also in a conventional fuel injection device is shown at the top of the fuel injection device 20 in FIG. 1. The fuel supply device 20 includes a fuel injection direction changing mechanism 1, a fuel flow path configuration block 22, an injector housing 23, a piezoelectric element control wiring 24, a nozzle restraining member 25, and the like in order to form the minimum structural unit of the device. Composed. Further, the needle 21 of the fuel injection device 20 hits the valve seat of the fuel flow path constituting block 22.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel injection direction changing mechanism 1 includes a nozzle 10, a turning member 13, an actuator 14 having a piezoelectric element, a turning generating mechanism 15, and the like. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the passage member 11 having the fuel passage 11a and the injection port 11b and the support member 12 are provided.

  The support member 12 includes a skirt portion 12 a and an elastic deformation portion 12 b provided between the skirt portion 12 a and the injection port 11 b of the passage member 11. The elastically deforming portion 12b is constituted by a corrugated structure having an uneven surface. In particular, since heat resistance needs to be taken into consideration, the combustion gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is behind the injection port 11b of the passage member 11. Since it is necessary not to wrap around the fuel supply side, the metal plate having a corrugated structure as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is used. Furthermore, it can be deformed by a corrugated structure. With the support structure of the passage member 11 on the injection port 11b side of the nozzle 10, the fuel ejection side of the passage member 11 constituting the fuel passage 11a is supported by a support member 12 that supports the angle changeable.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the swivel member 13 includes a disk portion 13a, a fuel passage 13b provided at the center of the disk portion 13a, a recess 13c into which the passage member 11 of the nozzle 10 is inserted, a fuel passage 13b, and the passage member 11. A branch fuel passage 13d communicating with the fuel passage 11a is provided.

  The skirt portion 12a of the nozzle 10 is fixed to the injector housing 23 and supported by the support member 12 that supports the fuel injection side of the passage member 11 constituting the fuel passage 11a so that the angle can be changed. On the other hand, the fuel supply side of the passage member 11 is inserted into the recess 13 c of the turning member 13, and the passage member 11 is supported by the turning member 13.

  The actuator 14 for turning the turning member 13 by the turning generating mechanism 15 is formed to include a piezoelectric element, and includes a control device (not shown) for controlling the driving of the actuator 14. It is formed by a voltage control device (not shown) configured to be able to supply electric energy by applying a voltage to the 14 piezoelectric elements. As shown in FIG. 1, the actuator 14 is pressed by a nozzle restraining member 25.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the turning generation mechanism 15 is composed of a fixed disk 15a and an elastic member 15b, and the lower side of the elastic member 15b is concentrically fixed to the upper surface side of the fixed disk 15a. Further, the upper side of the drawing is formed of a wire or a metal rod having a thick curved portion fixed to the lower surface side of the disc portion 13a of the turning member 13, and when pressed from above the drawing, the circle of the disc portion 13a When the tilting member 13 is tilted in the circumferential direction and the tilting member 13 is turned, and the force pushed from the top of the drawing is released, the elastic member 15b causes the disk portion 13a to move by the biasing force (elastic restoring force). While pushing up, it returns to the original from the fall of the disk part 13a in the circumferential direction, and it is comprised so that the turning member 13 may be rotated in a reverse direction by the return from this fall.

  In this configuration, since the turning member 13 rotates while the upper surface of the disk portion 13a of the turning member 13 and the lower surface 14a of the actuator 14 are in contact with each other, the lower surface 14a of the actuator 14 is processed by Teflon (registered trademark) processing or the like. It is preferable to form on a slippery surface.

  The turning generation mechanism 15 is not necessarily configured as shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, as long as the linear displacement received by the deformation of the actuator 14 can be converted into the turning direction. Further, when the plurality of passage members 11 are collectively supported by one swivel member 13, the plurality of passage members 11 can be inclined by the control of one actuator 14. Even when the plurality of passage members 11 are supported by the corresponding turning members 13, if each of the turning members 13 is rotated by one actuator 14, the number of actuators 14 is reduced to one. The structure and control of the fuel injection direction changing mechanism 1 can be simplified.

  The fuel injection direction changing mechanism 1 described above is attached as a component to each injection hole provided in a conventional fuel injection device to form the fuel injection device 20 of this embodiment. The structure of the fuel injection device 20 above the fuel injection direction changing mechanism 1 is the same as the structure of the conventional fuel injection device.

  With the above configuration, the fuel injection device 20 that changes the direction of the fuel F injected via the fuel passage 11a supports the fuel injection side of the passage member 11 that constitutes the fuel passage 11a so that the angle can be changed. 12, a revolving member 13 that directly (or indirectly) supports the fuel supply side of the passage member 11, and an actuator 14 that rotates the revolving member 13. The revolving member 13 is driven by the actuator 14. By rotating and moving the fuel supply side of the passage member 11, the direction of the passage member 11 is changed to change the injection direction of the fuel F.

  Next, a method for changing the fuel injection direction in the fuel injection device 20 will be described. When a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element of the actuator 14 by the control device and the actuator 14 is driven, the actuator 14 expands through the turning member 13 as shown in the diagrams on the right side of FIGS. Then, the elastic member 15b of the turning generation mechanism 15 is pushed. The elastic member 15b is formed of a thick wire or the like that is fixed to the fixed disk 15a on the lower side of the drawing. When the elastic member 15b is pushed from above the drawing, the elastic member 15b falls in the circumferential direction of the disk portion 13a. Rotate.

  Further, when the application of the voltage to the piezoelectric element of the actuator 14 is stopped by the control device and the driving of the actuator 14 is stopped, the actuator 14 contracts as shown in the left diagrams of FIGS. 6 and 7. The force pushing the elastic member 15b of the turning generation mechanism 15 through the turning member 13 is released. By releasing the pressing force, the elastic member 15b pushes up the disk portion 13a by its urging force (elastic restoring force) and returns to the original state from the fall of the disk portion 13a in the circumferential direction. 13 is rotated in the reverse direction.

  As the swiveling member 13 rotates, as shown in FIG. 4, the fuel supply side position of the passage member 11 inserted into the recess 13c of the swiveling member 13 moves in the swirling direction, and the angle of the passage member 11 is inclined. Then, the fuel injection direction is changed. That is, the movement of the actuator 14 in the linear direction is converted into the movement of the turning member 13 in the rotating direction by the turning generation mechanism 15, and the turning member 13 is turned by driving the actuator 14 to move the turning member 13 on the fuel supply side of the passage member 11. By moving the position, the direction of the passage member 11 is changed to change the fuel injection direction.

  Next, the operation of the fuel injection device 20 will be described with reference to FIG. Normally, the fuel F that has flowed out from the gap between the needles 21 passes through the fuel flow path constituting block 22, flows from the fuel passage 11a provided in the nozzle 10 to the injection port 11b, and the fuel F exits from the injection port 11b. When no voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element of the actuator 14, the fuel passage 11a of the nozzle 10 is in its original state. On the other hand, in a state where a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element of the actuator 14, the direction of the fuel passage 11 a of the nozzle 10 changes due to the deformation of the piezoelectric element of the actuator 14, thereby causing a fuel injection spread distribution in the swirling direction of the nozzle 10. Be changed. That is, since the turning member 13 is rotated by pressing the turning generation mechanism 15 through the turning member 13 that is in contact with the piezoelectric element of the actuator 14 with or without deformation of the piezoelectric element of the actuator 14, the passage member 11 and the direction of the fuel passage 11a change, the direction of the injection port 11b changes accordingly, and the injection direction of the fuel F changes.

  According to the fuel injection device 20 and the method for changing the fuel injection direction configured as described above, the actuator 14 provided outside the fuel passage 11a is easily driven without being influenced by the state of the fuel F, and accurately. The injection direction of the fuel F can be changed and controlled continuously and / or stepwise. Furthermore, since the injection direction of the fuel F is controlled using the piezoelectric element, fine control of the injection direction of the fuel F according to the electric signal applied to the piezoelectric element becomes possible. As a result, it is possible to control the spatial distribution of the injected fuel F into a free spatial distribution.

  In addition, the structure of the fuel injection direction changing mechanism 1 is a combination of parts, and the constituent parts have a simple shape, so that the machining accuracy is easy to manage and the machining and production can be easily performed. become.

  Further, if the elastic deformation portion 12b of the support member 12 has a corrugated structure having an uneven surface, the workability is good and the light support member 12 can be obtained, and the corrugation around the fuel injection side of the passage member 11 is provided. An airtight structure can be easily obtained by providing a wall surface having a structure.

  Next, an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The internal combustion engine of this embodiment includes the fuel injection device 20 described above.

  In this internal combustion engine, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the fuel F spray state as shown in FIG. 11 can be created by continuously changing the injection direction of the fuel F during the continuation of the fuel injection. become able to. That is, if the injection direction of the nozzle 10 is changed during fuel injection, the overlap of fuel sprays is reduced, so that the overlap of fuel sprays in the combustion chamber 43 is reduced, and fuel overconcentration is caused by the spray collision in the combustion chamber 43. It becomes possible to aim at the spatial arrangement of the fuel so that the region is not formed.

  Further, in this internal combustion engine, by operating the fuel injection device 20 according to the engine load and the rotational speed, the engine load state as shown in FIG. 12 is light or the engine as shown in FIG. It is possible to set the fuel F injection direction and the spray spread distribution in accordance with the high load state. In addition, the premixed compression injection mode and the normal injection mode can be realized.

  Further, the internal combustion engine provided with the fuel injection device 20 can perform control by changing the injection direction of the fuel F without being influenced by the state of the fuel F. Thereby, it is possible to control to create a desired fuel spatial distribution in the combustion chamber 43. In particular, when the ejection direction is controlled using the control of the piezoelectric element, fine and accurate control according to the electric signal applied to the piezoelectric element becomes possible.

  Therefore, in accordance with the state in the cylinder (inside the cylinder) of the internal combustion engine, the fuel can be injected by precisely setting the optimum fuel injection direction for the combustion chamber 43 formed at the top of the piston 42. Therefore, it is possible to control to create a desired fuel spatial distribution in the combustion chamber 43 freely. Therefore, this internal combustion engine is equipped with a very effective means for a fuel control technique for reducing harmful components of exhaust gas. This spray spread distribution can be set for each injection in one cycle of the piston stroke of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel injection direction can be changed even during the fuel injection in one cycle. Since high fuel injection can be performed, the fuel supply in the internal combustion engine can be further optimized.

  According to the fuel injection direction changing method and the fuel injection device 20 described above, fine control is possible with respect to the direction of fuel injection, and the top of the piston 42 is matched to the in-cylinder (in-cylinder) state of the internal combustion engine. It is possible to precisely set the optimal fuel injection direction for the formed combustion chamber 43 and to inject fuel, and to control to create a desired fuel spatial distribution freely, thereby reducing harmful components of exhaust gas. Therefore, it can be used for a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine.

  In addition, since the control of the spread of the jet distribution that changes the inclination of the central axis of the jet port 11b is performed by combining the actuator 14 formed including the piezoelectric element and the nozzle 10 supported by the elastically deforming portion 12b, it is fine. It is possible to control the combustion state by controlling the fuel injection direction.

  According to the above internal combustion engine, it is possible to control the fuel distribution in the cylinder (inside the cylinder) of the internal combustion engine by changing the injection spread distribution of the fuel spray. As a result, it is possible to realize premixed combustion aiming at simultaneous reduction of NOx and soot, which has been proposed in the past, creating a fuel distribution with a small overconcentration region in the combustion chamber 43, and complete combustion In addition, the fuel spray can be controlled to achieve a fuel distribution that reduces NOx.

  According to the fuel injection direction changing method of the present invention, it is possible to easily and accurately and continuously and / or stepwise by driving an actuator provided outside the fuel passage, without being influenced by the state of the fuel. The fuel injection direction can be changed and controlled. In addition, the structure of the fuel injection direction changing mechanism is a combination of parts, and the constituent parts have a simple shape. Since it is easy to manage and can be easily processed and produced, it can be used for a method of changing the fuel injection direction of many fuel injection devices.

  Further, according to the fuel injection device of the present invention, it is possible to finely control the direction of fuel injection, and with respect to the combustion chamber formed at the top of the piston in accordance with the state of the cylinder (inside the cylinder) of the internal combustion engine. It is possible to precisely set the optimal fuel injection direction and inject fuel, and control to freely create the desired fuel spatial distribution, which is extremely useful for fuel control techniques to reduce harmful components of exhaust gas Since it becomes an effective means, it can utilize for the fuel-injection apparatus of an internal combustion engine.

  Furthermore, according to the internal combustion engine of the present invention, an optimal fuel spray spread distribution can be set according to the load of the internal combustion engine and the engine speed, and harmful components in the exhaust gas can be reduced. Since the angle of fuel injection can be changed during the fuel injection period while injecting fuel so as to be optimal for combustion with a small amount, it can be used as an internal combustion engine or the like mounted on an automobile.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel injection direction change mechanism 10 Nozzle 11 Passage member 11a Fuel passage 11b Injection port 12 Support member 12a Skirt part 12b Elastic deformation part 13 Turning member 13a Disk part 13b Fuel path 13c Recessed part 13d Branch fuel path 14 Actuator 15 Turning generation mechanism 15a Fixed Disk 15b Elastic member 20 Fuel injection device 21 Needle 22 Fuel flow path building block 23 Injection device housing 24 Piezoelectric element control wiring 25 Nozzle restraining member F Fuel

Claims (6)

  A fuel injection direction changing method for changing a fuel injection direction in a fuel injection device, wherein the passage member is supported on a fuel injection side of a passage member constituting the fuel passage by a support member capable of changing an angle, and the passage The fuel supply side of the member is directly or indirectly supported by the turning member, and the turning member is rotated by driving an actuator to move the position of the passage member on the fuel supply side, thereby changing the direction of the passage member. Changing the fuel injection direction by changing the fuel injection direction.   The angle changeable support on the fuel injection side is performed by providing a corrugated structure having an uneven surface between the passage member and the support member, and the actuator is formed including a piezoelectric element, and the linear direction of the actuator 2. The fuel injection direction changing method according to claim 1, wherein the movement is converted into movement in a rotation direction of the swivel member by a swirl generation mechanism.   In the fuel injection device for changing the direction of the fuel injected through the fuel passage, the fuel injection side of the passage member constituting the fuel passage is supported by a support member that supports the angle change, and the fuel of the passage member A revolving member that directly or indirectly supports the supply side; and an actuator that rotates the revolving member. The revolving member is rotated by driving the actuator to move the fuel supply side of the passage member. The fuel injection device is characterized in that the direction of the passage member is changed to change the fuel injection direction.   The actuator is formed including a piezoelectric element, and the actuator control device is formed by a voltage control device that applies a voltage to the piezoelectric element, and the linear movement of the actuator is performed in the rotational direction of the turning member. The fuel injection device according to claim 3, further comprising a turning generation mechanism that converts the movement into a movement.   4. The support member is formed so as to support a fuel injection side of the passage member with an elastically deformable member, and the elastically deformable member is configured with a corrugated structure having an uneven surface. Or the fuel-injection apparatus of 4.   An internal combustion engine comprising the fuel injection device according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

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