JP2013226402A - Wheelchair - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wheelchair capable of achieving smooth riding thereon from a bed regardless of the height level of the bed.SOLUTION: A wheelchair 1 includes: a seat-sliding mechanism for sliding a seat 6 backward with a predetermined stroke; a seat-elevating mechanism for moving vertically the seat 6 with a predetermined stroke; an armrest flip-up mechanism for deforming armrests 10, 10 between a horizontal position and a tilt position where a back-end thereof leaps upward; and a backrest-deforming mechanism for deforming a backrest 11 between a closing position for closing the portion between the armrests 10, 10 and a releasing position for releasing the armrests 10, 10.

Description

  The present invention includes a wheel, a seat, an armrest provided on the left and right sides of the seat, and a backrest provided at the rear portion of the armrest so that a user can easily transfer to and from the bed. Related to the wheelchair.

  A wheelchair is known that is devised so that a user can easily transfer to and from the bed. For example, in Patent Document 1, a rail that can be attached to and detached from a wheelchair is bridged between a bed and a wheelchair, and a user moves between the wheelchair and the bed by moving a seat surface along the rail. An invention of a slide seat that has been made possible is disclosed. Further, in Patent Document 2, a backrest seat is moved backward from a standing state to a lying state parallel to the seat surface part with a rotating shaft provided at a lower part as a fulcrum, and a wheelchair and a bed that face backwards are created. The invention of the wheelchair which enabled the transfer of the user between is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 39677751 JP 2006-320678 A

  However, in the invention of Patent Document 1, it cannot be used unless the height of the rail matches the height of the bed, and the slide amount of the seating surface portion is large, so that there is a possibility that the balance may be lost during use. The invention of Patent Document 2 cannot be used unless the height of the lying backrest seat and the bed matches, and there is a problem that the frame and the handle obstruct the transfer.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a wheelchair that enables stable and smooth transfer to and from the bed regardless of the height of the bed.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a wheelchair comprising a wheel, a seat, armrests provided on the left and right sides of the seat, and a backrest provided at a rear portion of the armrest. The seat slide mechanism that slides the seat backward with a predetermined stroke, the seat lifting mechanism that moves the seat up and down with a predetermined stroke, and the armrest are deformed between a horizontal position and a tilt position where the rear end jumps upward. Armrest flip-up mechanism, and a backrest deformation mechanism for deforming the backrest between a closed position for closing between the armrests and an open position for opening between the armrests. .
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the backrest is divided into left and right parts and is provided separately to the left and right armrests.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, the backrest has a back plate and a plurality of links to support the back plate, and is deformed between the closed position and the open position. The link mechanism is characterized by locking the back plate in the closed position by generating a force in the opposite direction when a force is applied from the front to the back plate in the closed position. It is.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the third aspect, when a force in the opposite direction is generated, the links interfere with each other to restrict the rotation of the link.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the third aspect, when a force in the opposite direction is generated, the link abuts against the stopper to restrict the rotation of the link.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the seat height can be adjusted in accordance with the height of the bed, and a wide space is secured around the seat at the time of transfer by sliding the seat to the rear and raising the armrest. it can. Therefore, stable and smooth transfer to and from the bed is possible regardless of the height of the bed.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the deformation of the armrest and the backrest is symmetrical, and the space around the seat is evenly secured on the left and right. Therefore, transfer can be performed without any problem in either direction.
According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 1 or 2, even if a backrest deform | transforms, a backrest when a user leans without providing a lock mechanism etc. Can be prevented easily and reliably.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the third aspect, since the rotational force caused by leaning on the drive shaft of the link is not transmitted, no mechanical lock is required on the drive side. Moreover, rational rotation regulation using a link becomes possible.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the third aspect, the rotational force caused by leaning on the drive shaft of the link is not transmitted, so that no mechanical lock is required on the drive side.

It is the perspective view which looked at the wheelchair from the front. It is the perspective view which looked at the wheelchair from back. It is explanatory drawing of a wheelchair, (A) is a front surface, (B) is a right side surface, (C) is a back surface, (D) shows a plane, respectively. It is explanatory drawing of the wheelchair which the armrest and the backrest deform | transformed, (A) is the perspective view seen from back, (B) shows the right side surface, respectively. It is explanatory drawing of the wheelchair which the armrest and the backrest deform | transformed and the sheet | seat slid back, (A) is the perspective view seen from back, (B) shows the right side. It is the perspective view seen from the front of the wheelchair which the armrest and the backrest changed. It is a front view of the wheelchair which the armrest and the backrest changed. It is a perspective view which shows the transfer state to a bed. It is a side view which shows the transfer state to a bed. It is a perspective view of the right side part of the backrest of the example of a change. It is explanatory drawing of the backrest of the example of a change, (A) shows a plane, (B) shows a left side, (C) shows a front, (D) shows a right side, respectively. It is explanatory drawing of the deformation | transformation operation | movement of the backrest of the example of a change, (A) is a perspective view, (B) shows a plane, respectively. It is explanatory drawing of the deformation | transformation operation | movement of the backrest of the example of a change, (A) is a perspective view, (B) shows a plane, respectively. It is explanatory drawing of the deformation | transformation operation | movement of the backrest of the example of a change, (A) is a perspective view, (B) shows a plane, respectively. It is explanatory drawing of the deformation | transformation operation | movement of the backrest of the example of a change, (A) is a perspective view, (B) shows a plane, respectively. It is a top view of the right side part of the backrest of other examples of a change. (A)-(C) are explanatory drawings of the deformation | transformation operation | movement of the backrest of the other example of a change.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 are perspective views showing an example of a wheelchair, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the front of the wheelchair and the like. The wheelchair 1 shown here includes a pair of left and right front wheels 3, 3 as wheels on the front side of the base 2 (lower left side in FIG. 1), and a pair of left and right rear wheels 4, 4 as wheels on the rear side. The motors 3 and 3 can be driven by being driven by a motor (not shown). Covers 5 and 5 are provided on the front side of the base 2 to cover the front wheels 3 and 3 from above.

  Further, on the base 2, between the front wheels 3 and 3, there are provided a seat 6 having a rectangular shape in plan view and a seat slide mechanism that allows the seat 6 to slide backward with a predetermined stroke. The seat slide mechanism is formed by a rectangular slide plate 7 that supports the seat 6 and a motor and trapezoidal screw (not shown) that move the slide plate 7 rearward. 1 to 4 show a state in which the seat 6 together with the slide plate 7 is maintained at the forward movement position (normal use position). When the slide plate 7 is moved rearward by the seat slide mechanism, the seat 6 slides to the retracted position shown in FIG.

  Further, a seat lifting mechanism for moving the seat 6 up and down with a predetermined stroke is provided here. The seat elevating mechanism includes a support portion 8 erected at the rear end of the slide plate 7, an elevating portion 9 fitted to the support portion 8 from above and horizontally connecting the front end of the seat 6 to the upper end, and a support It is formed by a motor and a trapezoidal screw (not shown) provided between the part 8 and the elevating part 9.

Reference numerals 10 and 10 denote arm rests whose front ends are connected to the left and right covers 5 and 5, respectively, and a horizontal position shown in FIGS. It can be deformed between the jumping positions of FIGS.
And the backrest 11 is provided in the rear part of the armrests 10 and 10. The backrest 11 includes a pair of first back plates 12 and 12 positioned on both outer sides between the armrests 10 and 10, and a pair of second back plates 13 and 13 positioned on the inner side of the first back plates 12 and 12. Consists of. These are distributed to the left and right, and the outer ends of the first back plates 12 and 12 are rotatably connected to the rear ends of the armrests 10, respectively, and the inner ends of the first back plates 12 and 12 are connected to the second back plates 13 and 13, respectively. The backrest 11 is divided into left and right parts.

  Further, each first back plate 12 is bent by a motor and a gear (not shown) so as to be bent inwardly from the armrest 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and linearly connected to the armrest 10 as shown in FIGS. It is possible to rotate between the rearward protruding position. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, each second back plate 13 is located at the bent position of the first back plate 12 by a link mechanism (not shown) provided between the second back plate 13 and the first back plate 12. So that the first back plate 12 is held in a folded position where it is folded so as to overlap the first back plate 12 as shown in FIGS. It has become.

  In the wheelchair 1 configured as described above, during normal use, the seat 6 is in the forward position, the armrests 10 and 10 are in the horizontal position, the backrest 11 is in the folded position, and the second back plates 12 and 12 are in the folded position. The back plates 13, 13 are in the extended position. Here, by operating an operation lever (joystick) 14 provided on the right armrest 10, the front wheels 3 and 3 can be driven to travel in an arbitrary direction.

  On the other hand, this wheelchair 1 can be remotely operated via a wireless communication from a removable portable terminal. Reference numeral 15 denotes a portable terminal held by a holder 16 provided on the left armrest 10. When the user transfers between the wheelchair 1 and the bed, the user sequentially turns to the portable terminal 15 as described later. By touching a button displayed on the wheelchair 1, the wheelchair 1 can be deformed by instructing a control device (not shown) mounted on the wheelchair 1.

First, the operation when transferring from the wheelchair 1 to the bed will be described.
When the “armrest / backrest deformation” button displayed on the mobile terminal 15 is touched with the wheelchair 1 facing rearward and close to the side of the bed, the armrests 10 and 10 are horizontal as shown in FIGS. As the backrest 11 moves from the position to the flip-up position, the first back plates 12 and 12 move to the extended position and the second back plates 13 and 13 move to the folded position. Therefore, even when the user is sitting on the seat 6, the armrest 10 and the backrest 11 can be deformed without interference.

Next, when the “rear slide” button displayed on the mobile terminal 15 is touched, the slide plate 7 slides backward to move the seat 6 to the retracted position while the user is sitting. As a result, the seat 6 moves above the bed. Next, when the “seat lowering” button displayed on the portable terminal 15 is touched, the seat 6 is lowered and placed on the bed B as shown in FIGS. The seat 6 is provided with a sensor that detects the placement position on the bed B and stops the operation of the seat lifting mechanism.
In this way, the user H moves on the bed B together with the seat 6 while keeping the posture of the end sitting position, so that the user H can transfer to the bed B as it is and lie down.

At this time, since the armrests 10 and 10 are moved to the flip-up position and the seat 6 is also moved to the retracted position away from the covers 5 and 5, a wide space is ensured in front and on the left and right of the seat 6. Therefore, transfer from the seat 6 to the bed B can be performed without any trouble.
Thereafter, when the user on the bed B touches the “standby” button displayed on the portable terminal 15 removed from the holder 16, the seat 6 rises above the bed B and the slide plate 7 slides forward. The seat 6 moves to the forward position (deforms to the standby position). This completes the transfer from the wheelchair 1 to the bed B.

  On the other hand, when transferring from the bed B to the wheelchair 1, touching the “transfer” button displayed on the mobile terminal 15, the slide plate 7 slides backward from the standby position and the seat 6 moves to the retracted position. The sheet 6 is lowered and placed on the bed B. Therefore, the user can transfer from the bed B to the seat 6 and again reach the end sitting position as shown in FIGS. At this time, the armrests 10 and 10 remain in the flipped-up position, and the seat 6 is in the retracted position. Therefore, a wide space is secured in front and on the left and right of the seat 6 so that transfer to the seat 6 can be performed without any trouble.

When the “seat up” button displayed on the portable terminal 15 is touched from here, the seat 6 rises and leaves the bed B. Next, when the “forward slide” button displayed on the mobile terminal 15 is touched, the slide plate 7 slides forward to move the seat 6 to the forward position while the user is sitting.
When the “armrest / backrest deformation” button displayed on the portable terminal 15 is touched, the armrests 10 and 10 move from the flip-up position to the horizontal position, and the backrest 11 includes the first back plates 12 and 12. In the bent position, the second back plates 13 and 13 are moved to the extended position, and the wheelchair 1 returns to its original form. Therefore, normal traveling using the operation lever 14 is possible.

  Thus, according to the wheelchair 1 of the above embodiment, the seat slide mechanism that slides the seat 6 rearward with a predetermined stroke, the seat lifting mechanism that moves the seat 6 up and down with the predetermined stroke, and the armrests 10 and 10 An armrest flip-up mechanism that deforms between a horizontal position and a tilting position in which the rear end jumps upward; a closed position that closes the backrest 11 between the armrests 10 and 10; and an open that opens between the armrests 10 and 10 The backrest deformation mechanism that deforms between the positions of the seats 6 can be adjusted so that the height of the seat 6 can be adjusted according to the height of the bed B, and the seat 6 slides backward and the armrest 10 jumps up. As a result, a large space can be secured around the seat 6 during transfer. Therefore, stable and smooth transfer to and from the bed B is possible regardless of the height of the bed B.

  In particular, here, the backrest 11 is divided into left and right parts so as to be distributed to the left and right armrests 10 respectively. The left and right spaces are secured evenly. Therefore, transfer can be performed without any problem in either direction.

In the above embodiment, the deformation of the armrest and the backrest and the sliding of the seat are individually performed by the operation of the mobile terminal. However, the deformation of the armrest and the backrest can be performed by one operation of the mobile terminal. It does not matter if the sliding of the sheet is performed continuously.
In addition, the backrest is divided into left and right parts and distributed to the left and right armrests. However, the backrest is not divided into two parts and is rotatably connected to only one armrest and closes between the other armrest. You may make it deform | transform between an obstruction | occlusion position and the open position which opens between armrests.

  On the other hand, the seat slide mechanism and the seat elevating mechanism are not limited to those using a motor and a trapezoidal screw as in the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed in design, for example, using another actuator such as a ball screw instead of the trapezoidal screw. Also in the armrest flip-up mechanism and the backrest deformation mechanism, the design can be appropriately changed as long as the desired deformation operation of the armrest and the backrest is possible.

By the way, in the wheelchair of the said form, since the backrest is divided into right and left and it distributes to the left and right armrests respectively, the direction in which the backrest is deformed to the open position and the weighting direction when the user leans Are the same. Therefore, a lock mechanism for preventing rotation and a gear ratio for self-locking are required so that the backrest does not open when leaning, and the structure becomes complicated and the weight increases.
Therefore, an example of changing a wheelchair that can easily and reliably prevent the deformation of the backrest when the user leans without providing a lock mechanism or the like will be described below. However, since the structure of the wheelchair other than the backrest is the same as the above-described form, the description other than the backrest is omitted.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the right side portion of the backrest 11, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the plane, left side, front, and right side, respectively. In addition, since the left part of the backrest 11 is the same structure which is left-right symmetric, only the right part is demonstrated here.
A bracket 20 is attached to the rear surface of the armrest 10 and includes a mounting plate 21 having a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and support plates 22 and 22 that are fixed to the top and bottom of the mounting plate 21 and protrude rearward. The second back plate 13 is connected to the bracket 20 via a link mechanism 23. The link mechanism 23 includes a pair of upper and lower first links 24 and 24, and a pair of upper and lower links 25 and 25, a circular outer end 24 a of the first link 24, and a second link 25. Are connected to the support plate 22 by shafts 26 and 27 so as to be horizontally rotatable. Here, the shaft 27 of the second link 25 is arranged on the rear outer side than the shaft 26 of the first link 24. The first link 24 is formed to be slightly longer than the second link 25.

  The second back plate 13 is connected to circular inner ends 24 b and 25 b of the first link 24 and the second link 25. Here, the second back plate 13 is attached to the front surface of the main plate portion 13a and a rectangular main plate portion 13a having a length that protrudes upward beyond the first and second links 24, 25 on the upper side. A pair of connecting rods 28 and 28 are provided on the outer edge of the main plate portion 13a. The pair of connecting rods 28 and 28 protrude outward with a width that fits within the inner method of the first and second links 24 and 25. Here, the inner ends 24b and 25b of the upper first and second links 24 and 25 are on the upper surface of the upper connecting rod 28, and the inner ends 24b and 25b of the lower first and second links 24 and 25 are on the lower side. Are connected to the lower surface of the connecting rod 28 by shafts 29 and 30 so as to be horizontally rotatable.

  This connecting position is set so that the shaft 29 is positioned at an intermediate portion of the connecting rod 28 and the shaft 30 is positioned at the outer end of the connecting rod 28. When the second back plate 13 faces the front and is parallel to the left-right direction (closed position between the armrests 10 and 10), the inner end 24b of the first link 24 is more than the outer end 24a in plan view. Also, the second link 25 is positioned in the left-right direction substantially parallel to the connecting rod 28 in a plan view, and is located outside the inner end 24b of the first link 24. The inner end 25 b of the first abutment 25 abuts against the rear surface of the first link 24. 31 is a bar installed between the connecting rods 28 and 28 at the positions of the shafts 29 and 30. The first back plate 12 is attached to the front surface of the first link 24 at the center in the left-right direction of the first link 24.

  In the wheelchair 1 configured as described above, when the “armrest / backrest deformation” button is touched when transferring from the wheelchair 1 to the bed, a motor (not shown) provided in the armrest 10 is driven, and the first link 24, By rotating the shafts 26 and 26 via a speed reducer (not shown) provided between the 24 shafts 26 and 26, the first links 24 and 24 are horizontally rotated clockwise from a closed position in FIGS. Let Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the second links 25, 25 also start horizontal rotation clockwise through the connecting rods 28, 28 of the second back plate 13.

At this time, the second links 25, 25 have an outer end 25 a on the rear outer side than the outer end 24 a of the first link 24 and an inner end 25 b on the outer side of the inner end 24 b of the first link 24. Since it is connected to the tips of 28 and 28, the second back plate 13 moves backward while rotating counterclockwise around the axis 29 of the first link 24 in plan view. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the rotation amount of the second back plate 13 is such that the first link and the inner end 25 b of the second link 25 in the front-rear direction and the first link as the first and second links 24 and 25 rotate. Increasing the distance from the inner end 24b of 24 increases gradually.
Then, at the position of FIG. 15 where the first and second links 24 and 25 are rotated by approximately 90 ° and stopped, the amount of rotation of the second back plate 13 is maximized and is folded. The cushion portion 13b of the second back plate 13 is formed with a relief portion 13c that avoids interference with the first back plate 12 in the folded state.

In contrast to the deformation operation of the backrest 11, when the user leans against the second back plate 13 at the closed position shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the second back plate 13 has a timepiece centered on the shaft 29. A rotational urging force in the rotating direction acts, and a rotational urging force in the counterclockwise direction acts on the second link 25. This rotation urging is opposite to the rotation direction during the deformation operation of the backrest 11 described above. That is, in order to deform, the second back plate 13 must be able to rotate counterclockwise, and the second link 25 must be able to rotate clockwise. In order to work, the deformation of the backrest is always locked as long as it leans against the second back plate 13.
Further, the second link 25 that acts to rotate counterclockwise when leaning against the second back plate 13 is prevented from further rotation by the inner end 25b coming into contact with the first link 24. Therefore, the postures of the first and second links 24 and 25 are maintained as they are.

  Thus, according to the wheelchair 1 of the said modification, the backrest 11 has the 2nd back board 13, the 1st, 2nd links 24 and 25, supports the 2nd back board 13, and is a closed position. And a link mechanism 23 that rotates with the deformation between the open position and the link mechanism 23, when a force is applied to the second back plate 13 from the front in the closed position, a force in the opposite direction is generated. Since the second back plate 13 is locked at the closed position, even if the backrest 11 is deformed, the backrest 11 is deformed when the user leans without providing a lock mechanism or the like. Can be easily and reliably prevented.

  In particular, here, when a force in the opposite direction is generated on the second back plate 13, the first and second links 24 and 25 interfere with each other to restrict the rotation of the first and second links 24 and 25. As a result, the rotational force caused by leaning on the shaft 26 of the first link 24, which is the drive shaft, is not transmitted, and no mechanical lock is required on the drive side. Moreover, rational rotation regulation using a link becomes possible.

In the above modification, the rotation of the second link 25 when leaning against the second back plate 13 is prevented by contacting the first link 24, but this is not limiting, as shown in FIG. In addition, the support plate 22 of the bracket 20 may be provided with a stopper 32 that contacts the inside of the second link 25 at the closed position. In this case, even if the second link 25 is urged to rotate counterclockwise when the user leans against the second back plate 13 at the closed position, the rotation is restricted by the stopper 32. Therefore, since the rotational force caused by leaning on the shaft 26 is not transmitted, no mechanical lock is required on the drive side.
Of course, in this case as well, when the second link 25 is rotated clockwise, that is, away from the stopper 32 as shown in FIG. There is no problem in operation.

  On the other hand, the link mechanism is not limited to the above modification example, and can be changed as appropriate as long as the structure generates a force in the opposite direction to the weighting direction when the user leans at the closed position. For example, two links are crossed. It is also conceivable to form a link mechanism.

  1 .... Wheelchair, 2 .... Base, 3 .... Front Wheel, 5 .... Cover, 6 .... Seat, 7 .... Slide Plate, 10 .... Armrest, 11 .... Backrest, 15 .... Mobile Terminal, B. · Bed, H · · User, 20 · · Bracket, 23 · · Link mechanism, 24 · · First link, 25 · · Second link, 26, 27, 29, 30 · · Shaft, 28 · · Connecting rod 32. Stopper.

Claims (5)

A wheelchair comprising a wheel, a seat, an armrest provided on the left and right of the seat, and a backrest provided at a rear portion of the armrest,
A seat slide mechanism for sliding the seat backward with a predetermined stroke;
A seat lifting mechanism for moving the seat up and down with a predetermined stroke;
An armrest jumping mechanism for deforming the armrest between a horizontal position and a tilting position where the rear end jumps upward;
A backrest deformation mechanism for deforming the backrest between a closed position for closing between the armrests and an open position for opening between the armrests;
A wheelchair characterized by comprising   2. The wheelchair according to claim 1, wherein the backrest is divided into left and right parts and distributed to the left and right armrests.   The backrest includes a back plate, a link mechanism that has a plurality of links, supports the back plate, and rotates in accordance with deformation between the closed position and the open position, and the link mechanism The wheelchair according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when a force is applied to the back plate from the front in the closed position, a force in an opposite direction is generated to lock the back plate in the closed position.   The wheelchair according to claim 3, wherein when the force in the opposite direction is generated, the links interfere with each other to restrict rotation of the links.   The wheelchair according to claim 3, wherein when the force in the opposite direction is generated, the link abuts against a stopper to restrict the rotation of the link.

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