JP2013215182A - Greenhouse heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive greenhouse heating system highly reliable, causing no total decay of farm products even if put to failure, also having ventilative and sprinkling functions, usable semipermanently, and usable for cooling in summer as well.SOLUTION: A greenhouse heating system is provided such that a plurality of heat pump water heaters for domestic use are connected to a subtank with a predetermined volume, hot water in the subtank is fed by a pump into piping equipped in a greenhouse and circulated, the temperature of return water from the greenhouse is sensed and used as an alternative to the temperature in the greenhouse, and based on the temperature, a control of varying the operational number of the water heaters is made.

Description

The present invention is mainly used in the agricultural field, and is an air conditioner for adjusting the room temperature of a greenhouse or a greenhouse for producing vegetables and fruits to an environment suitable for the growth of crops. The present invention relates to an air conditioner specialized for greenhouses and greenhouses, which can suppress running costs, reduce the impact on crops at the time of failure, and obtain extremely high reliability.

In greenhouses and greenhouses, heating equipment that burns kerosene and heavy oil and generates hot water and hot air is mainly used as a countermeasure against cold damage in winter, but thermal efficiency is poor and fuel costs are pressing farmers' management . In addition, if a plurality of small devices are used, it takes time to replenish the fuel, and if the fuel runs out, there is a risk of leading to poor growth of the crop. Concentrated heating using a large device increases convenience, but if the device fails, the crops are annihilated, and there are significant risks and anxieties.
Furthermore, it was impossible to set the temperature precisely from the ground surface to several tens of centimeters above the ground, and it was impossible to adjust the humidity with existing devices.

The problem of the present invention is to overcome and solve all of the following problems and requirements possessed by greenhouses and greenhouses. If a problem that cannot be solved by one point remains, the invention cannot be realized.
1. I want to reduce the fuel cost to one third or less of the heating system that directly burns fossil fuel.
2. I want to save the trouble of refueling.
3. We want to minimize initial investment and equipment purchase costs.
4. We want to minimize initial investment and gradually increase capacity as necessary.
5. Unlike home use, some water leakage is acceptable, so I want to keep the price low.
6. When the equipment breaks down, the crops must not be annihilated.
7. Even if a problem occurs in the equipment, I want to secure more than a certain capacity and repair it without stopping operation.
8. If you have existing equipment such as hot water piping in the greenhouse, you want to use it.
9. I want to use atmospheric heat that can be used easily, but I want to use it in an environment where warm groundwater can be used.
10. I want to easily connect solar water heaters and cooling towers.
11. I want to easily switch to heating using fossil fuel in the event of a power failure.
12. I want to use auxiliary equipment such as humidifiers, sprinklers, hot air generators, cold air generators.
13. I want to clean the inside of the pipe with simple operation without getting my hands dirty.
14. I want to vary the amount of circulating water in the greenhouse regardless of the capacity of the hot water supply equipment.
15. I want to manage the temperature of the part close to the ground surface at an appropriate temperature.
16. I would like to use it as a cooling air for simple pipe switching work.
17. When the service life is reached, instead of exchanging the entire device, it is necessary to replace it partly, hold down the investment once and use it semipermanently.
18. I want to always use the latest equipment and parts for repairs and replacements regardless of the manufacturer.
19. I want a system that can be used in combination with water heaters from different manufacturers.
I want an extremely reliable system that satisfies all the above requirements and can reliably prevent the annihilation of crops.
21. We want to provide equipment that can solve all the management issues of farmers in a reliable way.

A plurality of small heat pump type hot water heaters are prepared and connected in parallel to a sub-tank having a predetermined volume, so that the water in each sub-tank is boiled independently and the water in the sub-tank is The pump is circulated through a pipe installed in the greenhouse, and the temperature of the water returning from the greenhouse to the sub-tank is detected to control the number of operating water heaters. Details are set up as described in any of claims 1 to 10. In addition, if the work described in claim 11 is performed, it can contribute widely to the development of agriculture, which is the primary industry in Japan.

According to the present invention, it is possible to select the cheapest equipment in that era, such as a small water heater for home floor heating, a floor heater for business use, and the number of connected devices is increased sequentially. Since it is possible to shift from the existing equipment to the present invention step by step, the equipment investment of the farmer can be reduced to the limit.
In addition, it is possible to keep the hot water temperature in the sub-tank substantially constant without requiring expensive inverter control. If one unit fails, if any power source voltage is the same, any manufacturer Even a hot water heater can be replaced. Therefore, regardless of the manufacturer, it is only necessary to replace the equipment that can be procured in the shortest time, so that the influence on the crops caused by the decrease in the room temperature can be minimized.
In addition, since a plurality of small hot water heaters are used, even if one unit fails, for example, when four units are used, a capacity of 75% can be secured, so damage to crops can be reduced as much as possible.
Furthermore, compared to large dedicated equipment, it uses small equipment that is overwhelmingly mass-produced, so it is highly reliable and can be easily replaced with the latest equipment even if it breaks down. High sense of security. Also, complicated control that varies the efficiency of the heat pump itself, such as inverter control, is not performed, and it is extremely simple control that only operates and stops, so that the failure rate can be drastically reduced. In other words, it is possible to provide a greenhouse-specific air conditioning device that is extremely reliable and can provide a great sense of security for farmers whose destruction of crops is a vital issue.
In addition, because it is configured to circulate hot water and cold water, it is easy to make additional settings for hot air generators and humidifiers, and solar water heaters and groundwater can be easily connected to the sub-tank, making it extremely convenient and expansible. It can satisfy the demands of the farmer.

The embodiment for implementing the present invention and solving the problems may be carried out as detailed in any one of claims 1 to 10. Specifically, a plurality of heat pump water heaters are connected to the sub tank, the temperature of the water in the sub tank is raised, the hot water is circulated in the greenhouse with a pump, and the temperature in the greenhouse is properly controlled by predetermined control. keep.

An embodiment for carrying out the present invention and solving the problems is as detailed in claims 1 to 11, and an example thereof will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the basic configuration of the present invention. 1 is a heat pump type hot water heater that is widely available on the market, and is generally used for domestic hot water type floor heating. However, household floor heating equipment is premised on installation in a limited space, and since piping is under the floor, water leakage becomes a fatal defect, and hot water temperature is raised to increase efficiency. After that, it is a device for use under many restrictions such as low temperature burns, and it is impossible to divert it to a greenhouse with completely different problems. There was no person skilled in the art who thought of utilizing this.

Therefore, in the present invention, the sub-tank 4 having a predetermined volume is installed, and the hot water supply pipe 2 and the return pipe 3 of the water heater 1 are connected to the sub-tank 4 and the water stored in the sub-tank is heated by a heat pump. The heated hot water is sent to the greenhouse 8 by the electric pump 9 through the discharge pipe 5 to the greenhouse. Circulation piping 6 is installed in the greenhouse, where heat is radiated from the piping to raise the temperature in the greenhouse. Then, it returns to the sub tank through the return pipe 7, is heated again, and circulates in the greenhouse. At this time, the temperature of the return water from the greenhouse is measured by a temperature sensor 10 attached immediately before the sub tank 4, and this measured value is used as the temperature in the greenhouse to control the ON / OFF of the water heater. The temperature inside is kept at a predetermined temperature. Since the piping is arranged along the ground surface in the greenhouse, the temperature sensor 10 can measure the actual ambient temperature of the agricultural product. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 1.

FIG. 2 is an application example of the present invention, and is a conceptual diagram when the number of water heaters is increased to three. Actually, any number of water heaters can be added as long as they can be physically connected to the sub tank 11. At this time, the temperature sensor 10 measures the temperature every predetermined time, and when the set temperature is higher than this value, the number of operating units is sequentially increased. In addition, when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the operation is sequentially stopped from the water heater that is operated first. By this control, the operation time of each water heater 12, 13, 14 can be made substantially uniform. Note that the water heaters ABC of 12, 13, and 14 do not need to be the same model, and can be connected to products of other manufacturers if the power supply voltage is the same, so that the convenience is extremely high. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 2.

In the configuration of FIG. 2, when the water temperature in the sub tank is extremely low, such as at the start of operation, the control method of claim 2 takes a long time to raise the water temperature, which is not practical. Therefore, only when the operation is started, all the water heaters are operated, and when a predetermined temperature is reached, the control of Claim 2 may be performed. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 3.

In the configuration of FIG. 2, it is also possible to recommend a method in which a plurality of temperature sensors 10 are provided and each sensor is connected to a hot water heater that performs ON-OFF control according to the measured temperature value in a one-to-one relationship. For example, the water heater A may be controlled by the temperature of the return water from the greenhouse, the water heater B may be controlled by the outside air temperature, and the water heater C may be controlled by the temperature in the greenhouse. If this control is carried out, for example, one operation is started at the time when the outside air temperature falls at night, so that it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which the temperature in the greenhouse suddenly falls behind the decrease in the outside air temperature. In this case, when there are many water heaters connected to the sub tank, a plurality of water heaters may be connected to one temperature sensor. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 4.

In the present invention, since a plurality of independent hot water heaters are operated, it is necessary to provide a main power source, and it is necessary to stop the operation when a device is replaced or an abnormality occurs.
Therefore, a switch is provided that can shut down all hot water heaters and greenhouse circulation pumps simultaneously. In addition, if the water level in the sub-tank drops due to evaporation or water leakage, the heat pump water heater will be cooked empty, resulting in a serious failure. If the water level drops below a specified level, all operations will be stopped. I do. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 5.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a sub tank. The sub-tank 11 is connected to the hot pipe 3 from the hot water heater and the return pipe 2 to the hot water heater at the facing position. A circulating pipe 7 to the greenhouse is connected to the hot side, and hot water is supplied into the greenhouse by the pump 9. The A return pipe 7 from the greenhouse is connected to the low temperature side, and the temperature is measured by the sensor 10. Reference numeral 27 denotes a water level sensor. When the water level falls below this position, it is determined that there is an abnormality, and the operation of the water heater or pump is stopped.
A ball tap 15 is attached to the upper part of the sub tank, and a water pipe 16 is connected. With this device, when the circulating water in the sub-tank 11 is reduced due to water leakage or evaporation, the floating ball is lowered and the stop cock is opened to replenish water, and when the water reaches a predetermined water level, the water is stopped by the buoyancy of the floating ball. , Can automatically maintain a predetermined water level.
Furthermore, when the inside of the pipe is cleaned, when the cleaning agent is put into the sub tank 11 and the drain cock provided in the middle of the return pipe 7 is released, the cleaning agent is discharged after being completely passed through the circulation pipe. Since the amount of water is automatically replenished from the ball tap 15, it is very convenient. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 6.

A plurality of hot water heaters are connected to the sub tank 11, water is circulated, and a large amount of hot water is circulated by the circulation pump 9 to the greenhouse. Therefore, it is difficult to provide a temperature difference such as returning low-temperature water to the water heater and discharging high-temperature hot water to the circulation pipe. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the high-temperature side pipe and the low-temperature side pipe are connected to the opposite positions, and the partition plate 12 is provided at the intermediate portion to prevent the high-temperature water and the low-temperature water from being mixed. . This partition plate may be provided with a slit or the like to adjust the water flow, or may be formed into a labyrinth with a plurality of partition plates. Moreover, if the end of each pipe is shaped like a bell mouth to reduce turbulent flow, further separation of high temperature water and low temperature water will be ensured. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 7.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing piping in a greenhouse. The piping 6 installed inside the greenhouse 8 may be bent at each part according to the shape and size of the greenhouse. At this time, detachable piping 17 having both ends connected by flanges is provided everywhere in the continuous piping. With this configuration, for example, when a hot air fan using hot water is necessary, the pipe 17 may be removed and the hot water hot air fan 18 may be attached. In addition, when humidification is necessary, it may be replaced with a watering pipe 19 provided with a large number of small holes. Note that piping may not be continuous piping depending on the greenhouse shape. In that case, a branched pipe 28 like the cecum may be provided.
In addition, when the outside air temperature is low and groundwater that maintains a constant temperature throughout the year can be used, the efficiency of the water heater can be increased by spraying the groundwater into the outside air heat exchanger of the air-cooled heat pump. Also, if a solar water heater is connected to the sub tank, daytime solar heat can also be used. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 8.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration for obtaining cold water by the apparatus of the present invention. Even if it is greenhouse cultivation, there are crops that dislike high temperatures in the summer, and in that case, if the water in the sub tank is cooled with the configuration of the present invention, it becomes possible to circulate the cold water into the greenhouse, and the cold water is circulated. For example, it is possible to generate cold air with 18 blowers, and 19 enables water spraying of cold water.
Therefore, attention is paid to the outside air heat exchanger, that is, the radiator 22 of the air-cooled heat pump type water heater. The water heater absorbs the heat of the outside air and moves it to the circulating water to supply hot water, so the radiator is extremely cold while making hot water, and the temperature difference between this cryogenic temperature and the outside air is It becomes the heat energy obtained. Hot water is sprinkled from the return pipe 7 from the greenhouse in the shower 20 provided with a large number of small holes on the extremely low temperature radiator. The water cooled on the surface of the radiator, that is, deprived of heat, is collected by the tray 21 and circulated again into the greenhouse by the pump 9. Since the temperature in the sub-tank rises, if the drain cock is released to drain the hot water and water is replenished from the ball tap, a liquid-cooled heat pump cycle is achieved, and the water heater can be used as a water heater. In addition, since the cold water circulation to a greenhouse will become impossible when the water level of the saucer 21 falls, what is necessary is just to provide the water replenishment apparatus by a ball tap also in the saucer 21. Moreover, when cold water is obtained, power consumption can be suppressed by controlling the fan motor to stop. For simplicity, only the operation of the water heater is stopped in the configuration of FIG. 2, a cooling tower is connected to the sub tank 11, the water temperature in the sub tank is lowered by the heat of vaporization of water, and the cold water is put into the greenhouse. It may circulate. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 9.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a unitized configuration when the present invention is sold as a practical product. A plurality of heat pump water heaters 12 to 14 are mounted on a dedicated rack 24 and connected to the sub tank 11. The panel 26 including the hot water supply pump 9 for the greenhouse is covered with a panel 26, and the entire unit is floated from the ground with 25 legs. With this configuration, the hot water heater can be completed with only one unit, and the hot water supply pipe 5 and the return pipe 7 can be connected to the greenhouse and connected to a power source. If the greenhouse is large, the capacity can be increased by connecting the units in series or parallel. In addition, each water heater in the unit can be freely combined with small equipment and large equipment according to the amount of heat required, so the capacity can be set very fine by changing the unit configuration and the number of units. Is possible.
In order to reduce capital investment, for example, only two units can be installed in a unit that can be equipped with four devices, and operation starts from the beginning of autumn. It is possible to install them in sequence, making it an extremely convenient device that is unprecedented for farmers.
Further, the shower 20 for obtaining cold water and the tray 21 can be stored in the panel 26 of the unit. Normally, it is impossible for household floor heaters to provide water pipes or showers inside, and those skilled in the art will not be able to come up with them. By specializing only for greenhouses, it solves all the problems and has become an extremely novel invention. The above is the embodiment of the present invention described in claim 10.

In order to widely disseminate the present invention and contribute to cost reduction and convenience improvement of greenhouse farmers in the whole country, it is only necessary to develop a business based on the business condition described in claim 11. This business format makes it possible to provide greenhouse farmers with highly reliable air conditioning equipment at a low price.

By utilizing the present invention according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and developing the business according to claim 11, it is possible to reduce facility investment and running costs of greenhouse farmers nationwide. It can greatly contribute to the development of agriculture as the primary industry.

  It is a conceptual diagram showing the basic composition of this invention.   It is a conceptual diagram showing the structure which increased the water heater to 3 units | sets with respect to the basic composition.   It is sectional drawing of a sub tank, and is a conceptual diagram showing an internal structure.   It is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of piping and a fan in a greenhouse.   It is a conceptual diagram showing the apparatus for utilizing an air-cooling type water heater and obtaining cold water.   It is a conceptual diagram showing the structure which united each apparatus of this invention collectively.

1, heat pump hot water heater 2, hot water discharge pipe 3 from hot water heater to sub tank, return pipe 4 from sub tank to hot water heater, sub tank 5, discharge pipe 6 to greenhouse circulation pipe, arranged in greenhouse Circulation pipe 7, return pipe 8 from greenhouse circulation pipe, greenhouse 9, discharge pump 10 to greenhouse circulation pipe, temperature (water temperature) sensor 11, sub-tank 12 connected to a plurality of water heaters, heat pump water heater : A
13. Heat pump type water heater: B
14. Heat pump type water heater: C
15. Radiator type blower (blower with hot water heat exchanger) with a ball tap type stop cock 16, a pipe 17 from water or ground water, both ends connected with flange joints, a pipe 18 and both ends connected with flange joints
19. Sprinkler or humidifier 20 having small holes connected at both ends by flange joints, small holes 21, tray 22 and air heat exchanger (radiator) for spraying water to the radiator )
23, an electric fan 24 for an air heat exchanger, a rack 25 for holding a water heater or a sub-tank in a predetermined position, a leg 26 for supporting the rack, a hot water supply unit 27 for a greenhouse in which each device is packaged together, a water level sensor 28, Piping branched from circulation piping in greenhouse

Claims (11)

Use either a heat pump type water heater, an electric heater type water heater, a gas water heater, or an oil water heater such as kerosene or heavy oil, which consists of a motor driven compressor and heat exchanger, etc. A heating device for a greenhouse characterized by the equipment The above-mentioned types of water heaters are collectively referred to as a heat pump type water heater.
1. A heat pump type hot water heater is provided with a pump that circulates water integrally or as a separate unit, sucking water from the water supply port, and forcing hot water that has risen through the heat exchanger from the discharge port. Install the device so that it can be discharged. In addition, when the power switch to the water heater is turned on, power is supplied to both the motor that drives the compressor and the circulation pump.
2. A discharge port and a water supply port of a water heater are directly connected to a sub tank having a predetermined volume, and water stored in the sub tank is circulated in the water heater to raise the water temperature in the sub tank.
3. A continuous pipe circulating in the greenhouse is installed, and both ends of the pipe are connected to the sub-tank, and an electric or engine-type pump is provided in the vicinity of one of the connecting parts, and water or hot water in the sub-tank is In order to circulate in the piping installed in the greenhouse.
4. At the pipe connection on the side where the water or hot water circulated in the greenhouse by the pump returns to the sub tank, a thermometer is attached to the pipe near the sub tank, and the temperature measured here is compared with the set temperature. When the set temperature is higher, control is performed to turn on the power to the water heater.
5. When a liquid level sensor is attached to the sub-tank and the water level in the tank is detected to be lower than the set height, control is performed to turn off the power to the hot water heater and the circulation pump to the greenhouse. To prevent damage to each device. In the configuration of claim 1, two or more heat pump water heaters are connected to the sub-tank, and the following ON-OFF control is performed so that the total operation time of each water heater is substantially equal. A greenhouse heating system. The water heater and the sub tank are connected in parallel, and the discharge port and the water supply port of each water heater are individually connected to the sub tank. In addition, the two or more heat pump water heaters include a configuration in which various water heaters according to claim 1 are mixed.
1. By turning on the main power supply, electric power is supplied to a pump that circulates water in the sub-tank to piping in the greenhouse, the pump is operated, and temperature control is started.
2. When there is a difference between the temperature measured by the thermometer and the set temperature, and the set temperature is higher, the operation of one water heater is started. That is, power is supplied to only one unit.
3. If the difference between the temperature of the thermometer and the set temperature is not reduced even after the predetermined time has elapsed, power is supplied to the second water heater and the operation is started.
4. Thereafter, the temperature measurement value is compared with the set temperature every predetermined time or every time set manually, and the number of operating units is increased until the temperature reaches substantially the same temperature.
5. When a predetermined time elapses after reaching substantially the same temperature, the measured temperature value is compared with the set temperature. If the same temperature is maintained, the number of operating units is reduced by one. At this time, the power supply to the hot water heater that started operation first is stopped.
6. After reducing the number of operating units by one, when a predetermined time has elapsed, the measured temperature value is compared with the set temperature, and if the same temperature is maintained, the number of operating units is further decreased by one. At this time, the power supply to the hot water heater that has started operation second is stopped.
7. After that, the temperature measurement value and the set temperature are compared every predetermined time, and the temperature of hot water circulating in the greenhouse is kept substantially constant by controlling the number of operating units in order, The operation time of the heat pump type water heater is controlled to be substantially uniform. In the configuration of claim 2, when the main power is turned on, if the difference between the temperature measurement value and the set temperature is larger than a predetermined value, one of the following controls is performed: Heating device.
1. All heat pump hot water heaters are operated for a predetermined time.
2. A predetermined time can be arbitrarily set by a timer, and all the heat pump hot water heaters are operated only for the time set by the timer.
3. All the heat pump hot water heaters are operated until the measured temperature value and the set temperature are substantially the same, and thereafter, the process shifts to control 5 of claim 2.
4. All the heat pump type hot water heaters are operated, and when the difference between the measured temperature value and the set temperature becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the process shifts to the control of 5 of claim 2. The structure of claim 2, that is, a plurality of heat pump water heaters are connected in parallel to the sub tank, and a pipe installed in the greenhouse is connected to the sub tank, and water or hot water in the sub tank is circulated in the greenhouse by the pump. A heating apparatus for a greenhouse characterized by performing any of the following controls in the configuration.
1. Equipped with the same number of temperature sensors as the number of heat pump water heaters, and the temperature sensors are installed in multiple locations, and there is a difference between the temperature measured by each temperature sensor and the set temperature. If it is high, power is supplied to the water heater connected to the thermometer. Specifically, the temperature of the circulation pipe, the outside air temperature, the temperature in the greenhouse, the temperature in the sub tank, the temperature of the ground, etc. are measured, and individual water heaters are operated according to the temperature of each place. The water heater and each temperature sensor are connected in a one-to-one relationship.
2. With respect to the above control 1, the operation of a plurality of water heaters is controlled by one temperature sensor. Specifically, it refers to the control of operating three units at the pipe temperature and one unit each at the outside air temperature and the temperature in the greenhouse. The temperature sensor and the water heater are connected in a one-to-many relationship. ing. 5. The heating apparatus for a greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 4, having any or all of the following features.
1. A manual switch for simultaneously turning on and off the power supply of all the heat pump water heaters was provided.
2. A manual switch for individually turning on and off the power of each heat pump type water heater was provided.
3. A manual switch for individually turning on and off the power source of the pump for supplying hot water into the greenhouse was provided.
4. When the water level in the sub-tank falls below the specified height, the greenhouse is owned by any of the following methods: indicator lamp, flashing lamp, patrol light, alarm sound, siren, wireless announcement, e-mail To the administrator or administrator.
5. When the water level in the sub-tank falls below a predetermined height, the power of all the heat pump water heaters is turned off and the above notification 4 is made.
6. When the water level in the sub-tank falls below a predetermined height, the power of all the heat pump hot water heaters and the power of the hot water pump into the greenhouse are turned off and the above notification 4 is made. In the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the sub-tank is connected to any or all of water supply pipes from a water supply system, agricultural water, groundwater, or another water supply tank, and any of the following: Or a greenhouse heating device with all the features.
1. A ball tap is installed in the sub tank, and the above water supply pipe is connected. The ball tap is a device that opens and closes the water tank by buoyancy such as a floating ball. When the water surface falls, the floating ball descends and the water tank opens to supply water, and when the water level reaches a predetermined level, the buoyancy of the floating ball Refers to a device that closes the water tank, and generally refers to a device used in the water tank of a flush toilet.
2. A water tank with a liquid level sensor and an electromagnetic valve was installed in the sub-tank, and when the water in the sub-tank decreased below the level, the electromagnetic valve was opened to supply water.
3. The sub tank has a sealed structure. In addition, a configuration in which a radiator cap and a reservoir tank are provided in the vicinity of the upper portion of the sub tank to prevent an increase in pressure inside the pipe due to a temperature rise is included.
4. A breather device was provided near the upper part of the sub-tank to communicate with the outside air.
5. A sub-tank was provided with a pipe cleaning agent inlet. Note that the charging port refers to a configuration in which a lid that can be opened and closed without using a tool is provided near the top of the sub tank, or a configuration in which a cleaning agent can be poured from the breather device. The top of the sub tank is attached and detached as a lid. Also includes a possible device configuration.
6. In the vicinity of the connection part between the pipe circulating in the greenhouse and the sub tank, on the return pipe from the greenhouse, or near the lower part of the sub tank, a drain cock is provided, regardless of whether the heating device is operating or stopped. The inside of the piping can be cleaned. That is, if the drain cock is released after the cleaning agent is introduced, the cleaning agent is discharged immediately before returning to the sub tank through the pipe, and the amount of water in the sub tank reduced by the discharge is 1 or 2 above. It is automatically replenished by this device.
The drain cock refers to all devices including a drain bolt and a normal water tank and opening and closing a liquid flow path.
7. In the configuration of 6 above, the diameter of the drain cock was set equal to or smaller than the diameter of the water supply pipe, or the flow rate was set so that the drain cock was smaller. The heating apparatus for greenhouses according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sub-tank has any or all of the following structures.
1. Connect the pipe to the hot water heater and the return pipe from the greenhouse at a low temperature to the end of the sub-tank, and away from the hot water heater on the opposite side or far from the low temperature pipe. The hot water supply piping and the hot water supply piping to the greenhouse were connected.
2. In the apparatus of 1 above, the low temperature pipe is arranged near the bottom of the sub tank, and the high temperature pipe is arranged near the top of the sub tank at a position lower than the minimum water surface height.
3. A plate provided with a plurality of through-holes and slits was provided between a pipe part having a low temperature and a pipe part having a high temperature.
4. A plurality of rod-shaped members were arranged at predetermined intervals between a pipe part having a low temperature and a pipe part having a high temperature.
5. Between the pipe part with a low temperature and the pipe part with a high temperature, plates in contact with one of the left and right walls were alternately arranged to form a labyrinth. In addition, the structure which provided the several through-hole and slit in the board is also included.
6. Divide the sub-tank into two parts, the low temperature pipe part and the high temperature pipe part, and connect them with one or more pipes, or partition with a metal wall with high thermal conductivity, Heat exchange was possible while separating the liquid. In addition to partitioning with a metal wall, partitioning with a metal wall means that a plurality of thin pipes are passed through one liquid and the other liquid is passed through the pipe, or a radiator is placed in one liquid. In which the other liquid is passed.
7. The cross-sectional area of the substantially central portion of the sub-tank on the side of the low temperature pipe and the side of the high temperature pipe was made smaller than the other parts.
8. When the sub-tank was made to be a substantially rectangular parallelepiped or a substantially spherical body, a knob-like convex portion was provided in the expression, and piping was provided on the convex portion.
9. In a configuration in which a plurality of water heaters are provided, each return pipe and each tapping pipe are gathered outside the sub tank and in the vicinity of the sub tank, and the connection section with the sub tank has both return pipe and tapping pipe. , Less than the number of water heaters.
10. The connection part of each pipe to the sub-tank is a pipe part, that is, the pipe protrudes to the inside of the sub-tank, and its tip has a bell mouth shape, or the inner diameter side of the end is rounded, or An annular member was attached to the outside.
11. The return pipe to the water heater and the return pipe from the greenhouse were arranged in a relative positional relationship so that the water returned from the greenhouse was smoothly sucked out as it was to the water heater.
12. The hot water supply piping from the water heater and the hot water supply piping to the greenhouse were arranged in a relative positional relationship, and the hot water from the water heater was smoothly sucked out to the greenhouse side as it was.
13. A drain device for discharging was provided at the lowest position of the sub tank or in the vicinity thereof. In the structure in any one of Claim 1 to 7, the heating apparatus for greenhouses which has the following any or all the characteristics.
1. A part or all of the piping circulating in the greenhouse was provided with heat radiation fins or heat exchangers.
2. Part or all of the piping from the sub tank to the greenhouse was covered with a heat insulating material or buried in the ground.
3. The piping circulating in the greenhouse was detachably installed at a plurality of locations for a predetermined length. Detachable means that a part of a continuous pipe is cut and removed at a predetermined length, a flange is provided at the cut part, and it is fixed with a bolt. A configuration in which packing is interposed in the connection part, a pipe that branches in the middle of a continuous pipe, or a pipe that gathers after branching into multiple parts is provided, and it can be attached or detached in the middle of the tip part or branch part Also includes a configuration in which piping is provided.
4. In the configuration of 3 above, the detachable pipe is a flexible pipe that can be bent freely, and both ends thereof are fixed by a fitting type one-touch joint or screws or bands. The flexible pipe includes not only metal but also vinyl or rubber hose.
5. In the configuration of 3 or 4 above, instead of the removed pipe, a hot water type hot air generator having a radiator and an electric fan having a large number of radiation fins was attached. The hot water type hot air generator is a device that exchanges heat by flowing hot water through a radiator and sending wind with an electric fan, and refers to an apparatus that becomes a cold air generator if cold water is flowed instead of hot water.
6. In the configuration of 3 or 4 above, instead of the removed pipe, a spray-type humidifier having a large number of pinholes was attached. In addition to the configuration that generates fine water droplets, that is, mist only by the pressure of the circulating hot water, the humidifier can be sprayed with an electric fan installed to force the mist to diffuse or with a pinhole as a large hole. Including the configuration of the apparatus.
7. A solar water heater was connected on the circulation pipe to the sub tank or greenhouse. It should be noted that the solar water heater includes a configuration in which water supply, agricultural water, well water, and ground water are connected, and when hot water in a tank is used, water is automatically replenished.
8. In the above configuration 7, the solar water heater is provided with a hot water tank at the upper part of the heat collector, and is a device for raising the temperature of the water in the tank by natural convection. The hot water in the tank is supplied to the sub tank and the circulation pipe in the greenhouse. It was installed so that it would flow into.
9. In the configuration of 7 or 8 above, the temperature of the part where the circulating water returns from the greenhouse to the sub-tank, or the water temperature in the sub-tank and the water temperature in the tank of the solar water heater are detected by sensors, and the solar water heater is Only when the temperature is high and a temperature difference equal to or higher than the set temperature is generated, the solenoid valve is opened so that the hot water in the solar water heater tank is guided to the sub tank.
10. In the configuration of 9 above, the return pipe from the greenhouse is connected to the reciprocating pipe to the solar water heater, and the solenoid valve is provided at the connecting portion. The hot water was pushed into the water heater, and the hot water in the tank of the solar water heater was returned to the sub tank via the return pipe from the greenhouse.
11. In the above configuration 9 or 10, the electromagnetic valve is a manual valve.
12. If there is an existing hot water supply system that uses fossil fuels such as heavy oil, kerosene, or gas, connect it to the piping and provide a switching cock at the connection, so that if there is insufficient power due to a power outage, When the temperature is low, the existing equipment can be used. In addition, including a configuration in which an existing hot water supply device or a newly installed fossil fuel type hot water supply device is connected to the sub tank, and a hot water supply device using fossil fuel or the like requires a power source for operation control, etc. Is used.
13. When an air-cooled heat pump type hot water heater is installed in a place where well water or groundwater is available, and the temperature of the well water is higher than the outside temperature, the pipe of the well water etc. is led to the water heater, and a plurality of small holes A shower was provided, and water was sprayed on the outdoor air heat exchanger of the water heater, that is, the heat-absorbing fin of the radiator. In addition, the piping to the shower was free to stop and run with an electromagnetic water stop valve or a manual cock.
14. In the above-described configuration of 13, the apparatus is provided so that the motor of the blower fan for the outside air heat exchanger can be stopped when watering. The blower fan is stopped in conjunction with running water to the shower or by a dedicated manual switch. In the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 8, by performing any or all of the following devices, cooling in the greenhouse, blowing of cool air into the greenhouse, or spraying of cold water into the greenhouse is possible. A greenhouse heating device characterized by
1. When a cooling tower is connected to the sub-tank, that is, a device that lowers the temperature of the water by applying outside air to the sub-tank, and the water in the sub-tank whose temperature has been lowered is circulated into the greenhouse and the cooling tower is used. Controls so that the power supply of the hot water supply device is turned off.
2. Connect a chiller unit or other chilled water production equipment or refrigeration equipment to the sub-tank, and circulate the water in the sub-tank with the temperature lowered into the greenhouse. When using the refrigeration equipment, Control is performed so that the power of the apparatus is turned off.
3. In a configuration in which well water, that is, groundwater, is connected to the subtank, when the temperature of the return water from the greenhouse is higher than the temperature of the groundwater, the subtank drain is opened and the groundwater is guided into the subtank from the water stop by the ball tap. At the same time, the power supply of the hot water heater was turned off and only the hot water pump for circulation into the greenhouse was driven.
4. A switching cock and a branch pipe are installed in the return pipe from the greenhouse, and the other end of the pipe is routed to the outside air heat exchanger of the hot water supply equipment, that is, the upper part of the radiator that sucks up heat in the atmosphere. A small hole will be provided, and the water returned from the circulation to the greenhouse will be sprinkled evenly on the heat sink fins of the radiator. A receiving tray is provided under the endothermic fin to collect the water cooled by the endothermic fin, and the cold water is connected between the sub tank and the hot water supply pump to the greenhouse using a pipe. Is provided with a switching cock. With the above configuration, the drain of the sub tank is opened, each switching cock is operated, and the circulating water in the greenhouse circulates through the heat sink fins and the greenhouse, and the tap water or groundwater connected to the sub tank once enters the sub tank. Then, after being heated by a water heater, it was discharged from the drain, and cold water was circulated in the greenhouse.
In this configuration, the water heater is limited to a heat pump type.
5. In the configuration of 4 above, a sub-tank for cold water is installed in any of the piping paths that circulate between the greenhouse and the heat-absorbing fins of the water heater, and tap water or well water or Groundwater was connected, and a water stop with a ball tap was installed inside, so that the water surface height of the sub-tank for cold water was made substantially constant.
6. During operation with the above configuration 4 or 5, control is performed to turn off the motor of the fan that sends air to the outdoor heat exchanger of the hot water supply, or the device can be turned off manually.
7. In the configuration of 4, 5, or 6 above, the pipe switching cock is an electromagnetic switching valve, the sub-tank drain is also an electromagnetic valve, and the operation of sending hot water into the greenhouse by electrical control or switch switching, The operation of sending cold water to the vehicle can be switched automatically or with a simple switch operation.
8. In the configuration of 7 above, a four-way valve is used to switch between cold water and hot water.
9. Household air conditioners are unitized by placing them on a base that can be moved by a set of indoor units and outdoor units. In summer, this unit can be used in combination with cold water circulation and water spraying functions.
10, In a configuration using two or more hot water heaters, one or several units are replaced with an air-cooled or liquid-cooled chilled water supply device, a so-called chilling unit, and in summer, only by operating the chilling unit, A device was installed to allow cold water to circulate in the greenhouse. The heating apparatus for a greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the number of water heaters is 2 to 10 and further has any or all of the following features.
1. Mount each hot water supply device on a loadable rack and stack it in two or three stages, install sub-tanks on either side of it, connect each water heater and sub-tank with piping, and each water heater and sub-tank A hot water supply unit having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape is configured by covering with a single box-shaped panel. In addition, the hot water supply pump for the greenhouse also includes a configuration installed inside the unit.
2. In the above configuration 1, the hot water supply piping to the greenhouse, the return piping from the greenhouse, and the power cord can be taken out or connected from the side, back or bottom of the hot water supply unit. Are provided on the surface of the panel, or through holes and windows are provided in the panel, and the internal operation panel and operation switch can be operated and visually recognized from the outside of the panel.
3. In the configuration of 1 or 2 above, in the case where the blower fan of the outside air heat exchanger exists, all the hot water heaters are loaded on the same surface, and a part or all of the panel that hits the surface is formed in a mesh shape. Or a number of slits and through holes were provided.
4. In the configuration of 3 above, each water heater can be loaded on the rack in the front-rear direction, and the panel covering the outside can be switched between front and back, so that the sub tank It was configured so that the position could be placed on either the left or right side.
5. In the configuration of any one of 1 to 4 above, each of the hot water heaters is loaded on the rack so that the blower fan of the outside air heat exchanger faces two or three sides, and a part of the panel facing the blower fan or The whole was made into a net shape or provided with a large number of slits and through holes.
6. In the configuration of any one of 1 to 5 above, a specific water heater can be used even during operation, such as when the wiring to each water heater is individually detachable / interruptible by an independent outlet or coupler, etc. Only the power supply is disconnected and can be replaced.
7. When water is sprayed to the heat absorption fins of the outdoor air heat exchanger, an individual shower is piped on the upper part of each water heater, or a shower is piped on the uppermost part so that water can be sprinkled on a plurality of water heaters.
8. When water is sprayed to the heat absorption fins of the outdoor air heat exchanger, a tray is installed at the bottom of each water heater, or a large tray is installed at the bottom, making it possible to receive water from multiple water heaters. .
9. In any one of 1 to 8 above, the total cooling / heating capacity can be changed by changing the number of units according to the size of the greenhouse.
10. In 9 above, the piping that circulates in the greenhouse was piped so as to circulate independently for each unit, or a plurality of units were installed on the circulating piping to form a series piping.
11. In the case of serial piping in 10 above, the arrangement of each unit was the farthest position from an adjacent unit on the piping route, or a position separated by a predetermined distance.
12. In the configuration of 10 or 11 described above, the number of units to be operated is controlled to be changeable according to the water temperature, the air temperature, or the temperature in the greenhouse.
13. On the surface of the hot water supply unit where no blower fan is provided, or on the lower part of the hot water supply unit, an air intake port or an exhaust port for blowing air is provided. In addition, a configuration in which the lower part of the unit is released, legs are provided, and the entire unit is floated from the installation surface is also included.
14, 2 to 10 water heaters share the same power supply voltage, and the specifications, capacity, manufacturer, etc. are not unified. That is, several types of water heaters were procured from a plurality of manufacturers and combined. The business model which uses the apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 10 with respect to the farmer who operates agriculture in a greenhouse or a greenhouse which needs the heating in the winter and the air conditioning in the summer.
1. Calculate the required amount of heat and the amount of electricity estimated by examining the size and installation environment of the greenhouse or existing equipment, and present it to the farmers who are customers.
2. From the above calculation results, examine the configuration of the unit, that is, how much hot water capacity is required.
3. Determine the specifications of the unit by examining the most inexpensive combination of hot water supply equipment that can secure the required hot water capacity and circulating flow rate.
4. Consider the location of the unit and the piping in the greenhouse. In addition, when existing piping exists, the use possibility is judged and the connection method is examined if possible.
5. We will consider the connection and piping of each device according to customer requirements and location conditions such as hot air blowers, humidifiers, solar water heaters, groundwater and well water use.
6. Based on the examination results, a hot water supply unit is manufactured, installed at a predetermined location, and piping and wiring are conducted according to the examination results.
7. Start operation, conduct initial defect investigation and countermeasures.
8. Check regularly or at regular intervals, and if there is a problem, take immediate action.
9. By converting from the failure rate of the water heater and adding the replacement cost of the faulty equipment to the sales price by several percent, if the water heater changes or breaks down, the water heater can be replaced without repair. Exchange. This response increases the reliability of the unit and gives customers a great sense of security.
10. After a predetermined warranty period has elapsed, it can be used semi-permanently by replacing the equipment with reduced hot water supply capacity and hot water heaters with malfunctions such as abnormal noise.
11. When replacing each water heater, not only a specific manufacturer or specific equipment, but by selecting the cheapest and most efficient equipment in that era, the unit performance is constantly improved and improved, 100% satisfaction is obtained.

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