JP2013199964A - Shift structure in manual transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce cyclic oscillation received by a shift folk with a simple structure even if a shift head is integrated to the shift folk.SOLUTION: A shift structure in a manual transmission includes: a shift folk 7b turnably supporting a transmission sleeve 7d that is axially moved, engages with a specific transmission gear train so that the gear train is in a power transmission state by using a pair of facing folk claws 10b; a shift head 7a integrated with the shift folk 7b; a shift folk rod 7 supporting the shift folk 7b; and a washer faced bolt 13 coupling the shift folk 7b with the shift folk rod 7. Using the washer faced bolt 13, the shift folk 7b and the shift folk rod 7 are fastened along an axial line L1 that is almost parallel to the axial line L2 connecting a space between the pair of facing folk claws 10b.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shift structure for a manual transmission in which a shift fork integrated with a shift head is connected to a shift fork rod using a stop member.

  As is well known, in a manual transmission, a speed change operation is completed by engaging a speed change sleeve supported by a shift fork with a synchro mechanism provided in a corresponding speed change gear train. Such a manual transmission is required to satisfy both direct shift feeling and vibration reduction during shift operation.

  In order to satisfy the direct shift feeling, the shift fork and the shift head for operating the shift fork may be integrated. By integrating the shift fork, the number of parts can be reduced, and the weight can be reduced.

  However, since the shift fork presses the rotating speed change sleeve against the synchro mechanism, in the structure in which the shift head is integrated with the shift fork, the shift head is caused to swing around the speed change sleeve via the shift fork. Periodic vibrations are propagated. Therefore, the vibration of the shift head is easily transmitted from the inner lever engaged with the shift head to the shift lever via the link mechanism that operates the inner lever.

  As a result, when the driver grips the shift lever to perform a shift operation, or grips the shift lever after shifting, periodic vibrations are transmitted, giving the driver discomfort.

  As a countermeasure, for example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-71325), when the shift fork shaft is displaced to a predetermined shift position, the shift head is pressed against the stopper to prevent the shift head from rattling. Is disclosed.

  According to the technique disclosed in this document, since the shift head is pressed against the stopper, vibration transmission to the inner lever engaged with the shift head is reduced, and therefore the period generated in the shift lever. Vibration can be reduced.

JP 2007-71325 A JP-A-8-247285

  By the way, the shift fork is fixed to the shift fork rod, and moves together with the shift fork rod while being supported by the shift fork rod. This fixing structure of the shift rod and the shift fork rod is often performed using a roll pin (spring pin) as a stop member as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-247285. . In this case, as disclosed in the same document, the roll pin is mounted so as to be directed substantially in the axial center direction of the speed change sleeve supported by the shift fork.

  Since the periodic vibration transmitted to the shift fork is generated by pressing the speed change sleeve against the synchro mechanism, a large amount of vibration components are included along the axial direction of the speed change sleeve. As a result, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 described above, when the shift fork is fixed to the shift fork rod using a roll pin, the shift fork swings around the axis of the roll pin due to the influence of periodic vibration. The backlash is easily transmitted from the shift inner lever to the shift lever via the shift head integrated with the shift fork.

  This periodic oscillating motion can be suppressed to some extent by using a stopper as disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above. However, the shift head collides with the stopper with a strong force, which is different. There are problems that cause sound.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention reduces the periodic vibration received by the shift fork with a simple structure even when the shift fork is integrated with the shift fork, and makes the driver feel uncomfortable. An object of the present invention is to provide a shift structure for a manual transmission that does not occur.

  According to the present invention, a shift fork that rotatably engages a predetermined transmission gear train by moving in an axial direction and is in a power transmission state is rotatably supported by a pair of opposed fork claws, and the shift fork. A shift head that engages with a shift inner lever that is operated by an external operating force and moves the shift fork in the axial direction, a shift fork rod that supports the shift fork, and the shift fork In a shift structure of a transmission including a stop member coupled to a fork rod, the shift fork and the shift fork rod are connected to the stop member along an axis substantially parallel to an axis connecting the pair of fork claws. It is characterized by being fastened.

  According to the present invention, the shift fork in which the shift head is integrated with the shift fork rod is formed on the shift fork and is substantially parallel to the axis connecting the pair of opposed fork claws that support the shift sleeve. Since it is connected using a stop member from the direction, even if the shift head is integrated with the shift fork, it reduces the periodic vibration received by the shift fork with a simple structure and gives it to the driver Discomfort can be reduced.

Configuration diagram of gear shifting device Main part configuration diagram equivalent to FIG. 1 at the time of 6-speed shift Shift pattern diagram of 6-speed transmission Shift fork perspective view Front view of shift fork

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a six-speed shift operation device. The shift operation device 1 performs a shift operation of a manual transmission mounted on a vehicle such as a passenger car, and is housed in a transmission case (not shown). The manual transmission employed in this embodiment has six forward speeds and one reverse speed, and the fifth speed is directly connected and the sixth speed is set to overdrive. The shift pattern is a so-called H type, and the selection operation and the shift operation are performed by the driver operating the shift lever.

  FIG. 3 shows a shift pattern. As shown in the figure, the shift lever is configured to perform a selection operation in the X direction and a shift operation in the Y direction orthogonal to the selection operation direction. When the shift lever is in the selection position, Become. In addition, the shift position is arranged such that the 1-2 speed shift, the 3-4 speed shift, and the 5-6 speed shift are adjacent to each other and arranged in parallel, and further adjacent to the 1-2 speed shift. Reverse (Rev) shifts are arranged in parallel in the same direction.

  A shift lever that is operated by the driver's operating force (external operating force) is connected to the select shaft 2 of the speed change operating device 1 via a link mechanism (not shown). The select shaft 2 is supported by a bearing (not shown) so as to be rotatable in the X direction around the axis (select operation direction) and movable in the Y direction of the axis (shift operation direction). In the following description, for the sake of convenience, the movement in the left direction in FIG. 1 is referred to as the front, and the movement in the right direction is referred to as the rear.

  In parallel with the select shaft 2, the shift fork rod 3 for 1-2 speed, the shift fork rod 4 for 4 speed, the shift fork rod 5 for 5 speed-Rev (reverse), and the reverse shift fork rod 6 for 5 speed Are arranged in parallel, and a 6-speed shift fork rod 7 is disposed adjacent to the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6 in parallel. Further, a 5-speed-Rev shift fork rod 5 and a 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6 are connected via a reverse lever 8, and when the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6 is moved rearward, it is reversed. The lever 8 moves the 5-speed-Rev shift fork rod 5 forward to establish a direct connection.

  A shift head 3a for 1-2 speed and a shift head 4a for 3-4 speed are respectively attached to the shift fork rods 3, 4. Furthermore, a Rev shift head 5 a is pivotally attached to the shift fork rod 5. A 5-speed shift head 6a is mounted on the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6 so as to be movable in the axial direction. A ring-shaped flange 6d is formed behind the 5-speed shift head 6a of the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6. Further, the 5-speed shift head 6a is also rotatably mounted on a 6-speed shift fork rod 7 arranged in parallel with the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6.

  When the fifth speed shift head 6a is slid rearward along with the fifth speed shift operation, the rear end presses the ring-shaped flange 6d and moves the fifth speed reverse shift fork rod 6 in the same direction. A well-known one-way mechanism is incorporated in a portion where the 5-speed reversal shift fork rod 6 and the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 of the 5-speed shift head 6a are inserted. This one-way mechanism connects the 5-speed shift head 6a to only one of the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6 and the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 so as to move integrally. On the other hand, an interlock mechanism is provided at the front shaft ends of the shift fork rods 6 and 7. This interlock mechanism prevents double meshing by fixing one of the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6 and the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 when the other slides.

  Further, shift forks 3b, 4b, 5b, 7b are respectively attached to the shift fork rods 3, 4, 5, 7 respectively. Further, a 6-speed shift head 7a is integrated with the 6-speed shift fork 7b by casting or the like.

  Further, shift sleeves 3d, 4d, 5d, and 7d are rotatably supported on the shift forks 3b, 4b, 5b, and 7b, respectively, and one of the shift sleeves 3d, 4d, 5d, and 7d is supported. When one is engaged with a synchro mechanism provided in each gear stage (not shown), one of the first to sixth gears or one of the reverse gear trains is in a power transmission state, and a desired gear stage is established. Is done.

  On the other hand, a shift inner lever 31 that is selectively engageable with each of the above-described shift heads 3a, 4a, 5a, 7a is fixed to the select shaft 2 so as to extend in the axial direction. . The select shaft 2 rotates following the movement of the shift lever in the select operation direction (X direction) and slides in the axial direction following the movement in the shift operation direction (Y direction). The shift inner lever 31 rotates and slides integrally with the select shaft 2.

  The fifth speed shift head 6a, the third and fourth speed shift head 4a, and the first and second speed shift heads are located in the select operation direction (rotation direction) of the shift inner lever 31 and intersect the shift operation direction. 3a, the upper end of the Rev shift head 5a is disposed. Further, an upper end portion of the 6-speed shift head 7a is disposed next to the 5th-speed shift head 6a (on the side opposite to the 3-4th-speed shift head 4a). At the upper end of each of the shift heads 7a, 6a, 4a, 3a, 5a, a groove that engages with the tip 31a of the shift inner lever 31 is formed.

  4 and 5 show a 6-speed shift fork 7b. The 6-speed shift fork 7b is integrated with a 6-speed shift head 7a, and has a bifurcated arc-shaped arm portion 10a. A shift sleeve 7d is rotated on the opposing surface at the tip of the arc-shaped arm portion 10a. A fork claw 10b that is movably supported is projected. The 6-speed shift fork 7b has a support hole portion 11a for inserting and supporting the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 and a guide hole portion 11b inserted and supported by the 5-speed reverse shift fork rod 6 so as to be able to advance and retract. It has been drilled.

  Further, a bolt insertion hole 11c that penetrates through the support hole portion 11a is formed in the 6-speed shift fork 7b. On the other hand, a screw corresponding to the bolt insertion hole 11c of the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 is screwed. A hole 7e is formed.

The bolt insertion hole 11c is preferably in a state where the axis L1, which is the central axis thereof, does not intersect with the axis L2 connecting the centers in the length direction of the fork claws 10b facing each other, that is, in parallel. However, the angle θ (for example, about θ = ± 10 °) at which the axis L1 intersects with the axis L2 at a relatively far position may be used. In the present embodiment, the bolt 13 serving as a stopper member inserted into the bolt insertion hole 11c is a parallel bolt and the above-described range of the angle θ as substantially parallel, and is a 6-speed shift fork 7b. A seat receiving surface 11d with which the bolt seat surface abuts is formed. Note that the symbol P in FIG. 5 is the center of the shift sleeve 7d.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a stopper receiving surface 14 projects from the side surface of the 6-speed shift fork 7 b facing the 6-speed gear train (not shown). The stopper receiving surface 14 may be formed integrally with the 6-speed shift fork 7b, or may be cast on the 6-speed shift fork 7b, or may be attached by welding or adhesion. good.

  On the other hand, a shift stopper 15 is opposed to the stopper receiving surface 14. The shift stopper 15 is a flat plate having a predetermined plate thickness. The shift stopper 15 extends from a case fixing portion 1a such as a transmission case (not shown), and a tip portion that comes into contact with the stopper receiving surface 14 is rounded (curved). The shift stopper 15 and the stopper receiving surface 14 are set so as to come into contact with each other at a position where the shift sleeve 7d supported by the 6-speed shift fork 7b has been engaged with the 6-speed gear train synchronization mechanism. ing. The stopper receiving surface 14 at the time of manufacture is set to have a slightly high protruding height, and the contact height is adjusted by grinding during assembly.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described. When the driver moves the shift lever in the select operation direction (X direction) of the shift pattern shown in FIG. 3, the select shaft 2 connected to the shift lever rotates. When this shift lever is brought to the 1-2 speed shift position, the tip 31a of the shift inner lever 31 fixed to the select shaft 2 is formed at the tip of the 1-2 speed shift head 3a. It is inserted into the groove.

  Further, when the shift inner lever 31 is brought to the 5-6 speed shift position, the front end portion 31a of the shift inner lever 31 fixed to the select shaft 2 is formed at the front end of the 6th speed shift head 7a. It is engaged with the groove 7c (see FIG. 4). Next, when the shift lever is shifted to the 6-speed shift side, the 6-speed shift fork 7b integral with the 6-speed shift head 7a is supported by the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 via the groove 7c, and the 6-speed shift direction The shift sleeve 7d supported by the 6-speed shift fork 7b is engaged with the 6-speed gear train synchro mechanism. Then, the 6-speed gear train as the predetermined transmission gear train is in a power transmission state, and the driving force of the engine is shifted to a predetermined speed by the 6-speed gear train and output.

  When the 6th speed gear train is in a power transmission state, the periodic vibration in the axial direction accompanying the rotation of the 6th speed gear train generates a swinging vibration in the shift sleeve 7d that is pressed against the synchro mechanism. The vibration is transmitted to the 6-speed shift fork 7b and vibrates. As shown in FIG. 5, the vibration generated in the 6-speed shift fork 7b is approximately perpendicular to the axis L2 connecting the opposing fork claws 10b and is centered on the axis Lo passing through the center P of the speed change sleeve 7d. It becomes a dynamic movement.

  Conventionally, as shown by the axis L3, a roll pin is mounted in the axial center direction of the speed change sleeve 7d, and the 6-speed shift fork 7b is connected to the 6-speed shift fork rod 7. If the angle between the axes L3 and Lo is small, it is difficult to suppress the swinging motion of the 6-speed shift fork 7b with the roll pin.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the axis L1 which is the direction in which the 6-speed shift fork 7b is connected to the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 is set to a direction substantially orthogonal to the axis Lo, and the seated bolt 13 is used for the 6th speed. Since the shift fork 7b is fastened to the 6-speed shift fork rod 7, the backlash between the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 and the 6-speed shift fork 7b is eliminated with a simple structure. The swinging motion generated in 7b can be propagated to the 6-speed shift fork rod 7 side and damped.

  As a result, even if the 6-speed shift head 7a is integrated with the 6-speed shift fork 7b, the vibration propagation to the 6-speed shift head 7a is reduced, and the shift inner lever 31 is reduced from the 6-speed shift head 7a. Since vibration transmitted to the shift lever via the link mechanism is reduced, it is possible to reduce the uncomfortable feeling given to the driver.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, when the shift sleeve 7d (see FIG. 1) is engaged with the sync mechanism of the 6-speed gear train via the 6-speed shift fork 7b, the engagement is achieved. At the completed position, the stopper receiving surface 14 provided on the side surface of the 6-speed shift fork 7b is the R-processed tip surface of the shift stopper 15 extending from the case fixing portion 1a such as a transmission case. Abut. As a result, at least a part of the vibration component generated in the 6-speed shift fork 7b is released to the case fixing portion 1a such as a transmission case through the shift stopper 15, and is generated in the 6-speed shift fork 7b. Vibration can be further suppressed.

  In addition, since the protruding height of the stopper receiving surface 14 is set higher than a preset position where the stopper receiving surface 14 contacts the shift stopper 15, the protruding height of the stopper receiving surface 14 is ground during assembly. As a result of the adjustment, an optimal contact position with the shift stopper 15 can be set. Further, if this stopper receiving surface 14 is structured to be affixed to the side surface of the 6-speed shift fork 7b, a plurality of protruding heights of the stopper receiving surface 14 are prepared in advance, and the optimum protruding height at the time of assembly. By attaching the stopper receiving surface 14, work efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, by forming the stopper receiving surface 14 using a hard elastic material such as hard urethane or hard rubber, vibration generated in the 6-speed shift fork 7b can be damped more efficiently.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, if the shift fork and the shift head are integrated, the same effect as described above can be obtained by applying this embodiment. be able to. In the above-described embodiment, the connection between the 6-speed shift fork and the 6-speed shift fork rod and the contact between the 6-speed shift fork and the transmission case have been described as examples. Needless to say, the same effects as described above can be obtained in the connection between the shift fork and the shift fork rod and the contact between the shift fork and the transmission case.

1 ... transmission operation device,
1a: Case fixing part,
7 ... 6-speed shift fork rod,
7a ... 6-speed shift head,
7b ... 6-speed shift fork,
7d: Shifting sleeve,
7e ... screw hole,
10b ... Fork claw,
11c ... Bolt insertion hole,
11d ... seat receiving surface,
13 ... bolts with seats,
14: Stopper receiving surface,
15 ... shift stopper,
L1, L2 ... axis,
P ... Center,
θ ... Inclination angle

Claims (5)

A shift fork that rotatably supports a shift sleeve that engages a predetermined transmission gear train by moving in the axial direction and is in a power transmission state with a pair of opposing fork claws;
A shift head that is integrated with the shift fork and engages a shift inner lever that operates with an external operating force to move the shift fork in the axial direction;
A shift fork rod that supports the shift fork;
In a shift structure of a transmission comprising a stop member that connects the shift fork to the shift fork rod,
The shift structure of a manual transmission, wherein the shift fork and the shift fork rod are fastened by the stop member along an axis substantially parallel to an axis connecting the pair of fork claws. A stopper receiving surface is provided on a surface of the shift fork on the predetermined transmission gear train side,
2. The manual transmission according to claim 1, wherein a shift stopper that abuts against the stopper receiving surface at a position where the case fixing portion engages with the predetermined transmission gear train and enters a power transmission state is provided. Shift structure. The shift structure of the manual transmission according to claim 2, wherein the stopper receiving surface protrudes from a side surface of the shift fork. 4. The shift structure for a manual transmission according to claim 2, wherein the stopper receiving surface is attached to a side surface of the shift fork. The shift structure of a manual transmission according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the stopper receiving surface is formed of a hard elastic material.

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