JP2013169639A - Holder with cylinder, and holder with catch mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a holder 1 which can be automatically attached/detached to/from spindles 35 and 36 to enable various types of processing and multi-step processing and is usable for gripping a workpiece, etc., to provide a holder with a catch mechanism, and to provide a two-stage catch mechanism composed of a catch mechanism and a shift clamp.SOLUTION: A holder 1 has a shank 1a, a pull stud 8, and a fluid passage 1e. Cylinders 31, 32, and 48 are attached to the holder 1, and the fluid passage 1e is lead to the cylinders 31, 32, and 48. A collet catch mechanism 33 or ball catch mechanism 39 is actuated by the cylinders 31, 32, and 48. A shift clamp 34 operates in such a way that a nail 11 moves together with an inner pull stud 9 or an inner rod 22a of a two-stage cylinder 32. A slide 27a fitted with a tool, such as a grinding wheel 29, is moved by the cylinder 48.

Description

  The present invention relates to a holder that allows a workpiece or tool (hereinafter simply referred to as “workpiece or the like”) to be attached to a spindle of a machine tool, and automatically attaches a workpiece or the like to the same spindle. As a structure to be attached and detached, the present invention relates to enabling various types of processing and multi-step processing to be performed by a single machine.

By replacing various types of tools and attaching them to the spindle, it is possible to perform various types of machining such as turning, milling and grinding with a single machine tool. In addition, after machining a workpiece on one side of the spindle and machining one side, the tool is attached to the spindle and the other side of the workpiece is machined, with one side of the machined workpiece held by a separate gripping mechanism. If processing of the process becomes possible, it will be possible to process with a single machine tool by switching the configuration of the workpiece and the tool attached to the spindle, which has been conventionally performed with a plurality of machine tools. .
Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has invented a spindle and a spindle having a double gripping mechanism in which any of a tool, a chuck and a clamping mechanism can be automatically attached and detached (see Patent Document 1). However, this invention requires a spindle having a double gripping mechanism, and it is difficult to remodel the spindle of an existing machine tool to a spindle having a double gripping mechanism.
And by making the spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism into a structure that can automatically detach and attach various types of workpieces, even a single machine tool consisting of a spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism, Multiple types of processing and multi-step processing are possible.
In addition, it is preferable that the function of the double gripping mechanism is further effectively used in a machine tool including a spindle having a double gripping mechanism.

Japanese Patent No. 4890593

A single machine tool consisting of a spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism, and is a holder that can be automatically attached to and detached from the spindle of the spindle to enable multiple types of machining and multi-step machining. A holder useful for grasping, etc. and a holder with a grasping mechanism are provided.
Furthermore, it includes a gripping mechanism that grips a workpiece or the like by the pushing / pulling force of the cylinder, a mechanism that clamps the workpiece or the like by moving a claw in the axial direction (hereinafter simply referred to as “shift clamp”), a gripping mechanism, and a shift clamp. Provides a two-stage grasping mechanism.
Also provided is a two-stage gripping mechanism having a shift clamp that effectively uses the function of the double gripping mechanism in a machine tool including a spindle having a double gripping mechanism.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a holder with a tool useful for machining the inner surface of a workpiece even when the entrance for inserting a tool is small.

A cylinder is attached to a holder having a shank portion and a pull stud, and a fluid passage is provided in the holder for supplying hydraulic fluid such as hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, and hydraulic pressure to the cylinder. A fluid passage is provided to supply the working fluid from the main shaft side to the end surface of the spindle shaft, and the working fluid is supplied to the cylinder through the fluid passage of the holder. A holder.
Also, by pushing and pulling the expansion member with the cylinder, the collet is expanded to catch the workpiece and the like, and the ball is pressed against the workpiece and the like by pushing and pulling the inclined surface with the cylinder. A holder with a gripping mechanism having a ball gripping mechanism or the like configured to grip.
Furthermore, an internal pull stud that penetrates the grasping mechanism is provided, a shift clamp is attached to the inner pull stud, and the shift clamp is configured to grasp and push the inner pull stud by the inner grasp mechanism of the spindle of the main shaft.
Further, a two-stage cylinder is provided, and the two-stage grasping mechanism is configured such that the collet grasping mechanism and the ball grasping mechanism are operated by the pulling force of the outer rod, and the shift clamp is operated by the pulling force of the inner rod.
Furthermore, the tool is mounted on the slide and moved, and the tool is placed close to the center and inserted into the workpiece, and the tool is moved outward in the workpiece to cut the inner surface of the workpiece. A holder with a tool that can be ground or ground.

As a holder with a shank part and pull stud on one side and a cylinder attached to the other side, the pull stud is grasped by the gripping mechanism of the spindle, and the workpiece is grasped by the pushing and pulling force of the cylinder. Many types of workpieces can be automatically attached to and detached from the spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism.
Furthermore, a two-stage grasping mechanism comprising a shift clamp and a grasping mechanism could be provided. And since it was set as the shift clamp of the structure which provided the inner pull stud, it became possible to utilize effectively the function of a double gripping mechanism in the main shaft which has a double gripping mechanism. In addition, a two-stage grasping mechanism comprising a shift clamp and a grasping mechanism that are operated by a two-stage cylinder could be provided.
In addition, since the tool holder can be inserted into the workpiece with the tool close to the center and the tool can be moved to the outside in the workpiece, the inner surface of the workpiece having a small entrance is provided. Can be easily cut and ground.

It is front view sectional drawing of the holder with a 2 steps | paragraph of grasping mechanism of the state which grasped the workpiece with the collet grasping mechanism and clamped the workpiece with the shift clamp. It is front view sectional drawing of the holder with a 2 steps | paragraph of grasping mechanism of the state which has grasped the workpiece by the collet grasping mechanism and has not clamped the workpiece by the shift clamp. It is a front view (partial sectional view) of a holder with a collet grasping mechanism. It is front view sectional drawing of the holder with a 2 steps | paragraph of grasping mechanism of the state which grasped the workpiece with the ball grasping mechanism and clamped the workpiece with the shift clamp. It is a front view (partial sectional view) of a holder with a tool. It is a bottom view (partial sectional view) of a holder with a tool.

A holder for attaching a tool or the like to a main spindle of a machine tool, or a holder for attaching to a rotating body or non-rotating device other than the main spindle of a machine tool, and having a shank portion and a pull stud on one side, etc. A cylinder is attached to the side, and a fluid passage for supplying a working fluid to the cylinder is provided.
The fluid passage may be either a configuration in which a holder is provided with a contact surface and a fluid passage that connects the contact surface and the cylinder, or a center hole is provided in the pull stud and the holder, and the center hole is connected to the cylinder. preferable.
When attached to the spindle of the machine tool spindle, the pull stud should correspond to the gripping mechanism of the spindle. Further, the shank portion has an outer surface or a tapered outer surface that matches the inner surface or tapered inner surface of the spindle shaft. When attaching to a rotating body other than the spindle or a non-rotating device, a pull stud and a shank portion corresponding to the gripping mechanism on the other side and the shape of the other side are used.
Generally, a working fluid is supplied to a rotating body through a rotary joint. When the pull stud is gripped by the mating mechanism on the other side, the fluid passage that communicates with the cylinder and the fluid passage that communicates with the end surface on the other side is made conductive, or is provided on the pull stud or holder. The central hole and the fluid passage provided in the central part on the other side are connected.

It is a combination of a holder with a cylinder and a spindle, and the holder has a fluid passage that communicates the surface and the surface with the cylinder, and is attached to the surface and the end surface of the spindle shaft. It is set as the structure which conducts with the fluid channel | path which leads to this end surface.
A groove that encloses the fluid passage is provided on either the front surface or the end surface, and an O-ring is attached to the groove. The groove for the O-ring has a shape in which the inlet is narrow and widens toward the back (hereinafter simply referred to as “ant groove”). And so on.)
The inlet of the O-ring groove is made narrower than the thickness of the O-ring, and the O-ring is deformed and pushed in, so that it fits naturally in the groove. The O-ring is configured not to come off when it is detached.
Also, the spindle of the main shaft has a gripping mechanism in the shaft. When the drawbar and the shaft of the gripping mechanism are provided with fluid passages respectively, the drawbar is pulled in and the pull stud of the holder is grasped by the gripping mechanism, the fluid of the drawbar The passage and the fluid passage of the shaft are electrically connected, and when the draw bar is pushed out, the fluid passage of the draw bar and the fluid passage of the shaft are blocked.
For example, when hydraulic pressure or hydraulic pressure is used as the working fluid and the working fluid is not supplied to the cylinder, the valve of the circuit is closed to prevent the working fluid from flowing in, but it exists in the fluid passage in the shaft or drawbar. The water and oil to be present are present in the fluid passage of the shaft and the drawbar as they are.
At this time, even if the end surface of the spindle faces downward, water and oil do not fall because atmospheric pressure is applied, but it is not planned if the fluid path of the drawbar and the fluid path of the shaft are blocked. Even when an impact or pressure is applied, the possibility of water or oil falling from the end face of the shaft is small.

A holder with a gripping mechanism including a holder with a cylinder and a gripping mechanism that grips a workpiece or the like by the pushing and pulling force of the cylinder. For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a grasping mechanism or a chuck including a link mechanism is attached, and a workpiece or the like is grasped by pushing and pulling a link of the link mechanism or a jaw slide of the chuck with a cylinder.
Moreover, it is a holder with a grasping mechanism, and the grasping mechanism has an expansion member and a collet. The expansion member is provided with an enlarged inclined surface that is an inclined surface for pressing the counterpart inclined surface, and the collet is provided with a receiving inclined surface that is an inclined surface that receives the force from the notch and the opponent inclined surface.
Furthermore, the expansion member is attached to the rod of the cylinder, the expansion member moves as the rod moves, and the expansion inclined surface of the expansion member presses the receiving inclined surface of the collet, thereby expanding the collet and grasping the workpiece. The collet gripping mechanism is configured.
In addition, a collet is provided between the expansion member and the cylinder, the collet has a receiving inclined surface at two locations, and further, a pushing inclined surface as an inclined surface for pushing the inclined surface of the collet is also provided on the cylinder side for expansion. The expanding inclined surface of the member and the pressing inclined surface on the cylinder side are configured to expand the collet by pressing the two receiving inclined surfaces of the collet.
A system in which the receiving inclined surface is provided only on the expansion member side of the collet is also preferable, but a system in which the receiving inclined surfaces are provided on both the expansion member side and the cylinder side of the collet to expand both sides of the collet is more preferable.

A holder with a gripping mechanism is made up of a holder with a cylinder and a gripping mechanism that grips a workpiece or the like by the pulling force of the cylinder.
The grasping mechanism is composed of an insertion portion having a plurality of ball holes, a plurality of balls attached to the ball holes, and an inclined surface that moves as the cylinder rod is pushed and pulled. And it is set as the ball | bowl grasping mechanism of the structure which presses a ball | bowl to a to-be-grown surface by pushing a ball | bowl with the moving inclined surface.
In the present invention, there are a method in which an inclined surface is provided on a part different from the rod of the cylinder and this is attached to the cylinder rod and moved, and a method in which the inclined surface is directly provided on the cylinder rod, both methods being preferred. .

One of the above holders with a gripping mechanism, which is provided with an inner pull stud that penetrates the holder and the gripping mechanism and is movable in the axial direction, attaches a claw to the inner pull stud, and moves the inner pull stud in the axial direction Thus, the shift clamp is configured to move the claw in the axial direction. And it is set as the holder with a grasping mechanism which has a two-stage grasping mechanism which consists of this shift clamp and a grasping mechanism.
Further, the shift clamp is composed of an inner pull stud, a claw, a guide pin, and a cam portion. The claw is slidably attached in a direction different from the axial direction, and the claw and the guide pin are pivoted as the inner pull stud moves. It shall move in the direction. And it is set as the shift clamp of the structure which a guide pin guides and slides in the cam groove of a cam part, and a nail | claw slides with a guide pin and moves to an axial direction.
In a simple shift clamp, the claw moves linearly in the axial direction of the inner pull stud, so that the workpiece and the claw are clamped when viewed from the axial direction. For this reason, it is necessary to attach the work piece while detouring so as not to collide with the claws.
On the other hand, in the shift clamp having the configuration of the guide pin and the cam groove, it becomes possible to move the claw in the axial direction of the inner pull stud while sliding the claw in the direction different from the axial direction by the cam groove. Can be installed without detouring.

A holder with a grasping mechanism that has a two-stage grasping mechanism including a shift clamp and a grasping mechanism and does not have an inner pull stud. Further, the cylinder is a two-stage cylinder, and the grasping mechanism is either a collet grasping mechanism or a ball grasping mechanism.
At this time, when the gripping mechanism is a collet gripping mechanism, the expansion member is moved by pushing and pulling the outer rod of the two-stage cylinder. When the gripping mechanism is a ball gripping mechanism, the outer rod is pushed and pulled. Thus, the ball is pushed by moving the inclined surface.
Then, the inner rod is attached by penetrating the outer rod, the claw is attached to the inner rod, and the inner rod is moved in the axial direction, whereby the shift clamp is configured to move in the axial direction.
Further, the shift clamp includes an inner rod, a claw, a guide pin, and a cam portion, and the claw is attached so as to be slidable in a direction different from the axial direction. In addition, the claw and the guide pin move in the axial direction as the inner rod moves. And it is set as the shift clamp made into the structure which a guide pin guides to the cam groove of a cam part, slides, and a nail | claw slides with a guide pin and moves to an axial direction.
In a simple shift clamp, the claw moves linearly in the axial direction of the inner pull stud, so that the workpiece and the claw are clamped when viewed from the axial direction. For this reason, it is necessary to attach the work piece while detouring so as not to collide with the claws.
On the other hand, in the shift clamp having the configuration of the guide pin and the cam groove, it becomes possible to move the claw in the axial direction of the inner pull stud while sliding the claw in the direction different from the axial direction by the cam groove. Can be installed without detouring.

One of the above-described holders with a cylinder, wherein a rail and a plurality of slides held by the rail are provided. The cylinder has a plurality of pistons, and is a holder with a tool configured to move a tool attached to the slide by pushing and pulling the slide with a rod of the cylinder. Further, a central hole that penetrates the holder is provided so that the working fluid flows into and out of the cylinder through the central hole.
In this way, a tool such as a cutter or a grindstone is attached to the slide and moved, so that the tool is moved closer to the center and inserted into the workpiece, and the tool is moved outward in the workpiece. This makes it possible to cut or grind the inner surface of the workpiece.

A first embodiment of a combination of a holder 35 with a gripping mechanism having a two-stage gripping mechanism and a spindle 35, which includes a collet gripping mechanism 33 and a shift clamp 34 that are operated by hydraulic pressure, will be described with reference to FIGS. The holder 1 has a shank portion 1a having a tapered outer surface on one side, and a pull stud 8 is attached by screwing a female screw 1d and a male screw 8c of the shank portion 1a.
Further, the cylinder body 2, the cylinder lid 3, and the piston 4 constitute a cylinder 31, and the piston 4 is pushed toward the collet grasping mechanism 33 by the spring 12. At this time, the concave portion 1c was provided on the other side of the holder 1, the convex portion 2a of the cylinder main body 2 was inserted into the concave portion 1c, and the cylinder lid 3 was attached with the flange portion 2c of the cylinder main body 2 interposed therebetween.
A fluid passage 1e is provided in the holder 1, a fluid passage 2d is provided in the flange portion 2c of the cylinder body, a fluid passage 3a is provided in the cylinder lid 3, and the fluid passages 1e, 2d, and 3a are connected to the collet gripping mechanism 33 side of the piston 4. I let you.

Further, a push inclined surface 3b is provided at the tip of the cylinder lid 3, and the base 5 is attached so that the push inclined surface 3b of the cylinder lid 3 protrudes. The collet grasping mechanism 33 is composed of a cylinder 31, a collet 6, and an expansion member 7.
Further, the expansion member 7 is attached by screwing the female screw 4 b of the rod 4 a of the cylinder 31 and the male screw 7 e of the expansion member 7, and the expansion member 7 has an expansion inclined surface 7 a, and between the expansion member 7 and the base 5. A collet 6 was provided.
The collet 6 has a plurality of cuts 6a (see FIG. 3), and is provided with a lower inclined surface 6c and an upper inclined surface 6b, and the lower inclined surface 6c is an enlarged inclined surface 7a and an upper inclined surface of the expansion member 7. The surface 6b is configured to come into contact with the push inclined surface 3b of the cylinder lid 3, respectively.

The shift clamp 34 is composed of an inner pull stud 9, a claw 11, a guide pin 11a, and a cam portion 7b. Then, an inner pull stud 9 is provided through the central hole 8d of the pull stud 8, the central hole 1f of the holder 1, the central hole 2e of the cylinder body 2, the central hole 4c of the rod 4a, and the central hole 7f of the expansion member 7. The inner pull stud 9 was attached so as to be movable in the axial direction.
Further, a claw 11 having a long hole 11b is attached to the lower part of the inner pull stud 9, a nut 19 is fastened to the male screw 9c of the inner pull stud 9, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction is the direction of the long hole 11b ( Hereinafter, it is simply referred to as “sliding direction”). Also, a cam portion 7b is provided at the lower portion of the expansion member 7, and a guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is inserted into the cam groove 7c of the cam portion 7c, and the guide pin 11a is guided by the cam groove 7c and slides in the sliding direction. Configured to do.

The spindle 35 arranged in the vertical direction has a shaft 41, a gripping mechanism 37 and an inner gripping mechanism 38. The gripping mechanism 37 is composed of the inner surface of the shaft 41, the draw bar 42, and a plurality of balls 44, and the inner gripping mechanism 38 is composed of the inner surface of the draw bar 42, the inner draw bar 43, and the inner ball 45.
In addition, a fluid passage 42b is provided in the draw bar 42, a fluid passage 43b is provided in the inner draw bar 43, and a fluid passage 41c is provided in the shaft 41. The fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 43b of the inner draw bar 43 are always in conduction. It was.
On the other hand, the fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 conduct when the draw bar 42 is pulled and the pull stud 8 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37, and the draw bar 42 is pushed out to open the gripping mechanism 37. When it did, it was set as the structure cut off.
The shaft 41 has a tapered inner surface 41a and an end surface 41b, and a dovetail groove 41d is provided in a portion of the end surface 41b of the fluid passage 41c to attach the O-ring 30. Since the inlet of the dovetail groove 41d is narrower than the thickness of the O-ring 30, the O-ring 30 is deformed and inserted. However, the O-ring 30 is assumed not to be deformed when it is in the dovetail groove 41d.
Although not shown, a key is provided between the end surface 41b of the shaft 41 and the abutting surface 1b of the holder 1, so that the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 and the fluid passage 1e of the holder 1 always coincide with each other. .

When the holder with the gripping mechanism of this embodiment is attached to the spindle 35, the draw bar 42 and the inner draw bar 43 are pushed in advance to bring the gripping mechanism 37 and the inner gripping mechanism 38 into an open state.
When the pull stud 8, the shank portion 1 a of the holder 1 and the inner pull stud 9 are inserted into the shaft 41, the head 8 a of the pull stud 8 enters the head space 42 a of the draw bar 42 and the inner head of the inner pull stud 9. 9 a enters the inner head space 43 a of the inner draw bar 43.
Subsequently, when the draw bar 42 is pulled, the ball 44 is pushed against the inner surface of the shaft 41, the ball 44 moves inward, and the ball 44 pushes the inclined surface between the head 8a and the neck 8b of the pull stud 8, The tapered outer surface of the shank portion 1 a, the tapered inner surface 41 a of the shaft 41, the abutting surface 1 b of the holder 1, and the end surface 41 b of the shaft 41 are matched, and the holder 1 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37.

Subsequently, when the valve of the hydraulic circuit is operated to connect the fluid passage 43b to the pressure circuit, the hydraulic oil flows to the cylinder 31 via the fluid passages 42b, 41c, 1e, 2d, and 3a, and the piston 4 moves toward the spindle 35. And push upward. Then, the rod 4a and the expansion member 7 move upward together with the piston 4.
The collet 6 is pushed by the expansion member 7 and moves slightly upward. Further, the lower inclined surface 6c is pushed outward by the enlarged inclined surface 7a, and the upper inclined surface 6b is pushed outward by the pushed inclined surface 3b. 6 expands and grasps the inner surface of the workpiece 47 as the grasped surface.
Further, when the valve of the hydraulic circuit is operated and the fluid passage 43b is connected to the return circuit, the hydraulic oil returns to the tank, the piston 4 is pushed back by the spring 12, and the expansion member 7 moves downward together with the rod 4a. 6 returns to the original state and opens the workpiece 47.

When the inner draw bar 43 is pulled in the state where the pull stud 8 of the holder 1 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37, the inner ball 45 is pushed by the inner surface of the draw bar 42, and the inner ball 45 moves inward, and the inner pull stud 9 The inner ball 45 pushes the inclined surface between the head 9a and the inner neck 9b, and the inner pull stud 9 is gripped by the inner gripping mechanism 38.
When the inner pull stud 9 is held by the inner gripping mechanism 38 and the inner draw bar 43 is further pulled in, the pull stud 8, the holder 1, the cylinder 31, and the expansion member 7 do not move, and the inner pull stud 9 moves upward. To do.
Further, the claw 11 moves upward together with the inner pull stud 9. Since the claw 11 is provided with a long hole 11b and is slidably attached, as the guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is guided by the cam groove 7c, the claw 11 moves upward while sliding in the sliding direction. The workpiece 47 is clamped while the workpiece 47 is pressed against the base 5.

  Embodiment 2 of a holder with a gripping mechanism having a collet gripping mechanism 33 will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the shift clamp 34 is not provided, and therefore the inner pull stud 9 is not attached and the expansion member 10 does not have the cam portion 7b. Therefore, it is only described that the notch 6a of the collet 6 is shown in FIG. 3, and the configuration described in the first embodiment is not described redundantly.

A third embodiment of a combination of a spindle 36 and a holder with a grasping mechanism having a two-stage grasping mechanism including a ball grasping mechanism 39 and a shift clamp 34 that are hydraulically operated will be described with reference to FIG.
The holder 1 has a shank portion 1a having a tapered outer surface on one side, and a pull stud 8 is attached by screwing a female screw 1d and a male screw 8c of the shank portion 1a.
The two-stage cylinder 32 includes the inner cylinder body 14, the inner piston 22, the inner rod 22a, the outer cylinder body 15, the outer piston 21, and the outer rod 21a. The inner piston 22 is pushed downward by the spring 12.
At this time, the concave portion 1c was provided on the other side of the holder 1, the convex portion 14a of the inner cylinder main body 14 was inserted into the concave portion 1c, and the outer cylinder main body 15 was attached with the flange portion 14c of the inner cylinder main body 14 sandwiched therebetween. The inner rod 22a protrudes through the outer rod 21a.

The holder 1 is provided with a fluid passage 1e, the flange portion 14c of the inner cylinder body 14 is provided with a fluid passage 14d, and the outer cylinder body 15 is provided with a fluid passage 15b. The fluid passages 1e, 14d and 15b are provided with the inner piston 22 and the outer piston 21, respectively. Conducted between.
Further, the ball gripping mechanism 39 is composed of the outer rod 21a, the insertion portion 15a, the ball 16 and the spring 18. A plurality of ball holes 15 c are provided in the insertion portion 15 a of the outer cylinder body 15 to hold the plurality of balls 16.
Further, the outer rod 21a is provided with an inclined surface 21b, and the outer rod 21a is pushed upward by the spring 18, and the rubber ring 17 is attached to eliminate the rattling of the ball 16.

The shift clamp 34 is composed of the inner rod 22a, the claw 11, the guide pin 11a, and the cam portion 15d. And the inner rod 22a shall have the center hole 22b and the blowing hole 22c.
Furthermore, the claw 11 having the long hole 11b was attached to the lower part of the inner rod 22a, and the nut 19 was fastened to the male screw 22d of the inner rod 22a, so that the claw 11 was slidable in the sliding direction.
Also, a cam portion 15d is provided below the insertion portion 15a, and a guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is inserted into the cam groove 15e of the cam portion 15d. The guide pin 11a is guided to the cam groove 15e, and the claw 11 is It was configured to slide in the sliding direction.

The spindle 36 has a shaft 41 and a gripping mechanism 37, but an inner gripping mechanism is not provided, and a passage member 46 is attached. The gripping mechanism 37 is composed of an inner surface of the shaft 41, a draw bar 42, and a plurality of balls 44.
The draw bar 42 is provided with a fluid passage 42b, the passage member 46 is provided with a fluid passage 46b, and the shaft 41 is provided with a fluid passage 41c. The fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 46b of the passage member 46 are always in conduction. It was.
On the other hand, the fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 conduct when the draw bar 42 is pulled and the pull stud 8 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37, and the draw bar 42 is pushed out to open the gripping mechanism 37. It was set as the structure interrupted | blocked when it was in the state.

A central passage 46a is provided at the center of the passage member 46, the lower end of the passage member 46 is inserted into the central hole 8d of the pull stud 8, and compressed air is supplied to the central passage 46a. The compressed air supplied to the central passage 46a passes through the central hole 8d of the pull stud, the central hole 1f of the holder, the central hole 14e of the inner cylinder body, and is ejected from the outlet 22c through the central hole 22b of the inner rod.
If comprised in this way, the inside of the ball | bowl grasping mechanism 39 will be maintained in a state with a high pressure, and it can prevent that dust invades from the outside.
In this embodiment, the shaft 41, the pull stud 8 and the holder 1 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the dovetail 41d is provided in the end surface 41b of the fluid passage 41c and the O-ring 30 is attached. As in the first embodiment, by providing a key (not shown), the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 and the fluid passage 1e of the holder 1 always coincide with each other.

When the holder with the gripping mechanism of this embodiment is attached to the spindle 36, the draw bar 42 is pushed out in advance and the gripping mechanism 37 is opened. When the pull stud 8 and the shank 1 a of the holder 1 are inserted into the shaft 41, the head 8 a of the pull stud 8 enters the head space 42 a of the draw bar 42.
Subsequently, when the draw bar 42 is pulled, the ball 44 is pushed against the inner surface of the shaft 41, the ball 44 moves inward, and the ball 44 pushes the inclined surface between the head 8a and the neck 8b of the pull stud 8, The holder 1 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37 in a state where the tapered outer surface of the shank portion 1a, the tapered inner surface 41a of the shaft, the abutting surface 1b of the holder, and the end surface 41b of the shaft match.

Subsequently, when the valve of the hydraulic circuit is operated to connect the fluid passage 46b to the pressure circuit, the hydraulic oil flows between the outer piston 21 and the inner piston 22 through the fluid passages 42b, 41c, 1e, 14d, and 15b. The outer piston 21 is pushed downward and the inner piston 22 is pushed upward.
Then, the outer rod 21a is lowered together with the outer piston 21, the inclined surface 21b of the outer rod pushes the ball 16 outward, the ball 16 is pressed against the inner surface of the workpiece 47, and the inner surface of the workpiece 47 is used as the grasped surface. To grasp.
At the same time, the inner rod 22a rises together with the inner piston 22, and the claw 11 moves upward together with the inner rod 22a. Since the claw 11 is provided with a long hole 11b and is slidably attached, as the guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is guided by the cam groove 15e, the claw 11 moves upward while sliding in the sliding direction. In a state where the workpiece 47 is pressed against the outer cylinder body 15, the workpiece 47 is clamped by the shift clamp 34.

Embodiment 4 of the holder with a tool will be described with reference to FIGS. The fourth embodiment is attached to the spindle 36 described in the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, compressed air is supplied to the central passage 46a of the passage member 46, but the fourth embodiment is different in that hydraulic oil is supplied to the central passage 46a. In order to avoid duplicate descriptions, only the differences from the third embodiment will be described.
The holder with a tool according to the fourth embodiment is formed by inserting the convex portion 24 b into the concave portion 1 c of the holder 1 and attaching the base stand 24, and attaching the cylinder 48 and the rail 27 to the base stand 24.
The cylinder 48 includes a cylinder body 25 and two pistons 26. The hydraulic oil supplied to the central passage 46a of the passage member 46 is fed with the central hole 8d of the pull stud, the central hole 1f of the holder, and the center of the base stand. It is supplied to the bore center portion 25a between the two pistons 26 of the cylinder 48 through the hole 24c.

On the other hand, the hydraulic oil supplied to the fluid passage 46b of the passage member 46 flows through the fluid passages 42b, 41c, 1e, and 24a, and after branching in the fluid passage 24a, the hydraulic oil flows to the bore outer portion 25b outside the two pistons 26. Each flows.
Two rails 27 are attached to the base 24, and slides 27a that are guided by the rails 27 and that can move linearly are attached. Further, the tool post 28 was attached to the slide 27a, and the grindstone 29 was attached to the tool post 28, respectively.
In this embodiment, when the hydraulic oil is supplied to the central passage 46a, the piston 26 is pushed outward, and the rod 26a, the slide 27a, the tool post 28, and the grindstone 29 are moved outward together with the piston 26. On the other hand, when hydraulic fluid is supplied to the fluid passage 46b of the passage member, the piston 26 is pushed inward, and the rod 26a, the slide 27a, the tool post 28, and the grindstone 29 move inward together with the piston 26.
For this reason, it is possible to insert the tool close to the center into the workpiece, move the tool outward in the workpiece, and polish or grind the inner diameter of the workpiece.

  The present invention is used not only in the industry for manufacturing and selling machine tools and the industry for manufacturing machined products, but also in the industry for manufacturing and selling tools, chucks, clamp mechanisms, and spindles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Holder 1a: Shank part 1b: Current 1c: Concave 1d: Female screw 1e: Fluid passage 1f: Center hole 2: Cylinder body 2a: Convex part 2c: Flange part 2d: Fluid passage 2e: Center hole 3: Cylinder lid 3a: Fluid passage 3b: Pushing inclined surface 4: Piston 4a: Rod 4b: Female screw 4c: Center hole 5: Base 6: Collet 6a: Cutting 6b: Upper receiving inclined surface 6c: Lower receiving inclined surface 7: Expansion member 7a: Expanding inclination Surface 7b: Cam portion 7c: Cam groove 7e: Male screw 7f: Center hole 8: Pull stud 8a: Head 8b: Neck 8c: Male screw 8d: Center hole 9: Inner pull stud 9a: Inner head 9b: Inner neck 9c: Male screw 10: Expansion member 11: Claw 11a: Guide pin 11b: Long hole 12: Spring 14: Inner cylinder main body 14a: Convex part 14c: Flange part 14d: Fluid Path 14e: Center hole 15: Outer cylinder body 15a: Insertion portion 15b: Fluid passage 15c: Ball hole 15d: Cam portion 15e: Cam groove 16: Ball 17: Rubber ring 18: Spring 19: Nut 21: Outer piston 21a: Outer Rod 21b: Inclined surface 22: Inner piston 22a: Inner rod 22b: Center hole 22c: Outlet 22d: Male screw 24: Base stand 24a: Fluid passage 24b: Convex part 24c: Center hole 25: Cylinder body 25a: Bore center part 25b : Bore outer part 26: Piston 26a: Rod 27: Rail 27a: Slide 28: Tool post 29: Grinding wheel 30: O-ring 31: Cylinder 32: Two-stage cylinder 33: Collet grasping mechanism 34: Shift clamp 35: Spindle 36: Spindle 37: Grasp mechanism 38: Inner grip mechanism 39: Bo Grasp mechanism 41: shaft 41a: tapered inner surface 41b: end surface 41c: fluid passage 41d: dovetail groove 42: draw bar 42a: head space 42b: fluid passage 43: inner draw bar 43a: inner head space 43b: fluid passage 44: ball 45 : Inner ball 46: Passage member 46a: Central passage 46b: Fluid passage 47: Workpiece 48: Cylinder

  The present invention relates to a holder that allows a workpiece or tool (hereinafter simply referred to as “workpiece or the like”) to be attached to a spindle of a machine tool, and automatically attaches a workpiece or the like to the same spindle. As a structure to be attached and detached, the present invention relates to enabling various types of processing and multi-step processing to be performed by a single machine.

By replacing various types of tools and attaching them to the spindle, it is possible to perform various types of machining such as turning, milling and grinding with a single machine tool. In addition, after machining a workpiece on one side of the spindle and machining one side, the tool is attached to the spindle and the other side of the workpiece is machined, with one side of the machined workpiece held by a separate gripping mechanism. If processing of the process becomes possible, it will be possible to process with a single machine tool by switching the configuration of the workpiece and the tool attached to the spindle, which has been conventionally performed with a plurality of machine tools. .
Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has invented a spindle and a spindle having a double gripping mechanism in which any of a tool, a chuck and a clamping mechanism can be automatically attached and detached (see Patent Document 1). However, this invention requires a spindle having a double gripping mechanism, and it is difficult to remodel the spindle of an existing machine tool to a spindle having a double gripping mechanism.
And by making the spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism into a structure that can automatically detach and attach various types of workpieces, even a single machine tool consisting of a spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism, Multiple types of processing and multi-step processing are possible.
In addition, it is preferable that the function of the double gripping mechanism is further effectively used in a machine tool including a spindle having a double gripping mechanism.

Japanese Patent No. 4890593

A single machine tool consisting of a spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism, and is a holder that can be automatically attached to and detached from the spindle of the spindle to enable multiple types of machining and multi-step machining. A holder useful for grasping, etc. and a holder with a grasping mechanism are provided.
Furthermore, it includes a gripping mechanism that grips a workpiece or the like by the pushing / pulling force of the cylinder, a mechanism that clamps the workpiece or the like by moving a claw in the axial direction (hereinafter simply referred to as “shift clamp”), a gripping mechanism, and a shift clamp. Provides a two-stage grasping mechanism.
Further, in a machine tool comprising a spindle having a double gripping mechanism, that provides two stages of grasping mechanism having a shift clamp effectively utilizing the function of double gripping mechanism.

A cylinder is attached to a holder having a shank portion and a pull stud, and a fluid passage is provided in the holder for supplying hydraulic fluid such as hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, and hydraulic pressure to the cylinder. A fluid passage is provided to supply the working fluid from the main shaft side to the end surface of the spindle shaft, and the working fluid is supplied to the cylinder through the fluid passage of the holder. A holder.
Also, by pushing and pulling the expansion member with the cylinder, the collet is expanded to catch the workpiece and the like, and the ball is pressed against the workpiece and the like by pushing and pulling the inclined surface with the cylinder. A holder with a gripping mechanism having a ball gripping mechanism or the like configured to grip.
Furthermore, an internal pull stud that penetrates the grasping mechanism is provided, a shift clamp is attached to the inner pull stud, and the shift clamp is configured to grasp and push the inner pull stud by the inner grasp mechanism of the spindle of the main shaft.
Further, the two-stage cylinder is provided, to actuate the collet grasping mechanism or a ball grasping mechanism by the push-pull force of the outer rod, the push and pull force of the inner rod shall be the grasping mechanism of two-stage arrangement for operating a shift clamp.

As a holder with a shank part and pull stud on one side and a cylinder attached to the other side, the pull stud is grasped by the gripping mechanism of the spindle, and the workpiece is grasped by the pushing and pulling force of the cylinder. Many types of workpieces can be automatically attached to and detached from the spindle that does not have a double gripping mechanism.
Furthermore, a two-stage grasping mechanism comprising a shift clamp and a grasping mechanism could be provided. And since it was set as the shift clamp of the structure which provided the inner pull stud, it became possible to utilize effectively the function of a double gripping mechanism in the main shaft which has a double gripping mechanism. In addition, a two-stage grasping mechanism comprising a shift clamp and a grasping mechanism that are operated by a two-stage cylinder could be provided .

It is front view sectional drawing of the holder with a 2 steps | paragraph of grasping mechanism of the state which grasped the workpiece with the collet grasping mechanism and clamped the workpiece with the shift clamp. It is front view sectional drawing of the holder with a 2 steps | paragraph of grasping mechanism of the state which has grasped the workpiece by the collet grasping mechanism and has not clamped the workpiece by the shift clamp. It is a front view (partial sectional view) of a holder with a collet grasping mechanism. It is front view sectional drawing of the holder with a 2 steps | paragraph of grasping mechanism of the state which grasped the workpiece with the ball grasping mechanism and clamped the workpiece with the shift clamp. It is a front view (partial sectional view) of a holder with a tool. It is a bottom view (partial sectional view) of a holder with a tool.

A holder for attaching a tool or the like to a main spindle of a machine tool, or a holder for attaching to a rotating body or non-rotating device other than the main spindle of a machine tool, and having a shank portion and a pull stud on one side, etc. A cylinder is attached to the side, and a fluid passage for supplying a working fluid to the cylinder is provided.
The fluid passage may be either a configuration in which a holder is provided with a contact surface and a fluid passage that connects the contact surface and the cylinder, or a center hole is provided in the pull stud and the holder, and the center hole is connected to the cylinder. preferable.
If Ru attached to a spindle of a machine tool spindle, and that corresponding pull stud gripping mechanism of the spindle. Further, the shank portion has an outer surface or a tapered outer surface that matches the inner surface or tapered inner surface of the spindle shaft. When attaching to a rotating body other than the spindle or a non-rotating device, a pull stud and a shank portion corresponding to the gripping mechanism on the other side and the shape of the other side are used.
Generally, a working fluid is supplied to a rotating body through a rotary joint. When the pull stud is gripped by the mating mechanism on the other side, the fluid passage that communicates with the cylinder and the fluid passage that communicates with the end surface on the other side is made conductive, or is provided on the pull stud or holder. The central hole and the fluid passage provided in the central part on the other side are connected.

It is a combination of a holder with a cylinder and a spindle, and the holder has a fluid passage that communicates the surface and the surface with the cylinder, and is attached to the surface and the end surface of the spindle shaft. It is set as the structure which conducts with the fluid channel | path which leads to this end surface.
A groove that encloses the fluid passage is provided on either the front surface or the end surface, and an O-ring is attached to the groove. And so on.)
The inlet of the O-ring groove is made narrower than the thickness of the O-ring, and the O-ring is deformed and pushed in, so that it fits naturally in the groove. The O-ring is configured not to come off when it is detached.
Also, the spindle of the main shaft has a gripping mechanism in the shaft. When the drawbar and the shaft of the gripping mechanism are provided with fluid passages respectively, the drawbar is pulled in and the pull stud of the holder is grasped by the gripping mechanism, the fluid of the drawbar The passage and the fluid passage of the shaft are electrically connected, and when the draw bar is pushed out, the fluid passage of the draw bar and the fluid passage of the shaft are blocked.
For example, when hydraulic pressure or hydraulic pressure is used as the working fluid and the working fluid is not supplied to the cylinder, the valve of the circuit is closed to prevent the working fluid from flowing in, but it exists in the fluid passage in the shaft or drawbar. The water and oil to be present are present in the fluid passage of the shaft and the drawbar as they are.
At this time, even if the end surface of the spindle faces downward, water and oil do not fall because atmospheric pressure is applied, but it is not planned if the fluid path of the drawbar and the fluid path of the shaft are blocked. Even when an impact or pressure is applied, the possibility of water or oil falling from the end face of the shaft is small.

A holder with a gripping mechanism including a holder with a cylinder and a gripping mechanism that grips a workpiece or the like by the pushing and pulling force of the cylinder. For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a grasping mechanism or a chuck including a link mechanism is attached, and a workpiece or the like is grasped by pushing and pulling a link of the link mechanism or a jaw slide of the chuck with a cylinder.
Moreover, it is a holder with a grasping mechanism, and the grasping mechanism has an expansion member and a collet. The expansion member is provided with an enlarged inclined surface that is an inclined surface for pressing the counterpart inclined surface, and the collet is provided with a receiving inclined surface that is an inclined surface that receives the force from the notch and the opponent inclined surface.
Furthermore, the expansion member is attached to the rod of the cylinder, the expansion member moves as the rod moves, and the expansion inclined surface of the expansion member presses the receiving inclined surface of the collet, thereby expanding the collet and grasping the workpiece. The collet gripping mechanism is configured.
In addition, a collet is provided between the expansion member and the cylinder, the collet has a receiving inclined surface at two locations, and further, a pushing inclined surface as an inclined surface for pushing the inclined surface of the collet is also provided on the cylinder side for expansion. The expanding inclined surface of the member and the pressing inclined surface on the cylinder side are configured to expand the collet by pressing the two receiving inclined surfaces of the collet.
A system in which the receiving inclined surface is provided only on the expansion member side of the collet is also preferable, but a system in which the receiving inclined surfaces are provided on both the expansion member side and the cylinder side of the collet to expand both sides of the collet is more preferable.

A holder with a gripping mechanism is made up of a holder with a cylinder and a gripping mechanism that grips a workpiece or the like by the pulling force of the cylinder.
The grasping mechanism is composed of an insertion portion having a plurality of ball holes, a plurality of balls attached to the ball holes, and an inclined surface that moves as the cylinder rod is pushed and pulled. And it is set as the ball | bowl grasping mechanism of the structure which presses a ball | bowl to a to-be-grown surface by pushing a ball | bowl with the moving inclined surface.
In the present invention, there are a method in which an inclined surface is provided on a part different from the rod of the cylinder and this is attached to the cylinder rod and moved, and a method in which the inclined surface is directly provided on the cylinder rod, both methods being preferred. .

One of the above holders with a gripping mechanism, which is provided with an inner pull stud that penetrates the holder and the gripping mechanism and is movable in the axial direction, attaches a claw to the inner pull stud, and moves the inner pull stud in the axial direction Thus, the shift clamp is configured to move the claw in the axial direction. And it is set as the holder with a grasping mechanism which has a two-stage grasping mechanism which consists of this shift clamp and a grasping mechanism.
Further, the shift clamp is composed of an inner pull stud, a claw, a guide pin, and a cam portion. The claw is slidably attached in a direction different from the axial direction, and the claw and the guide pin are pivoted as the inner pull stud moves. It shall move in the direction. And it is set as the shift clamp of the structure which a guide pin guides and slides in the cam groove of a cam part, and a nail | claw slides with a guide pin and moves to an axial direction.
In a simple shift clamp, the claw moves linearly in the axial direction of the inner pull stud, so that the workpiece and the claw are clamped when viewed from the axial direction. For this reason, it is necessary to attach the work piece while detouring so as not to collide with the claws.
On the other hand, in the shift clamp having the configuration of the guide pin and the cam groove, it becomes possible to move the claw in the axial direction of the inner pull stud while sliding the claw in the direction different from the axial direction by the cam groove. Can be installed without detouring.

A holder with a grasping mechanism that has a two-stage grasping mechanism including a shift clamp and a grasping mechanism and does not have an inner pull stud. Further, the cylinder is a two-stage cylinder, and the grasping mechanism is either a collet grasping mechanism or a ball grasping mechanism.
At this time, when the gripping mechanism is a collet gripping mechanism, the expansion member is moved by pushing and pulling the outer rod of the two-stage cylinder. When the gripping mechanism is a ball gripping mechanism, the outer rod is pushed and pulled. Thus, the ball is pushed by moving the inclined surface.
Then, the inner rod is attached by penetrating the outer rod, the claw is attached to the inner rod, and the inner rod is moved in the axial direction, whereby the shift clamp is configured to move in the axial direction.
Further, the shift clamp includes an inner rod, a claw, a guide pin, and a cam portion, and the claw is attached so as to be slidable in a direction different from the axial direction. In addition, the claw and the guide pin move in the axial direction as the inner rod moves. And it is set as the shift clamp made into the structure which a guide pin guides to the cam groove of a cam part, slides, and a nail | claw slides with a guide pin and moves to an axial direction.
In a simple shift clamp, the claw moves linearly in the axial direction of the inner pull stud, so that the workpiece and the claw are clamped when viewed from the axial direction. For this reason, it is necessary to attach the work piece while detouring so as not to collide with the claws.
On the other hand, in the shift clamp having the configuration of the guide pin and the cam groove, it becomes possible to move the claw in the axial direction of the inner pull stud while sliding the claw in the direction different from the axial direction by the cam groove. Can be installed without detouring.

One of the above-described holders with a cylinder, wherein a rail and a plurality of slides held by the rail are provided. The cylinder has a plurality of pistons, and is a holder with a tool configured to move a tool attached to the slide by pushing and pulling the slide with a rod of the cylinder. Further, a central hole that penetrates the holder is provided so that the working fluid flows into and out of the cylinder through the central hole.
In this way, a tool such as a cutter or a grindstone is attached to the slide and moved, so that the tool is moved closer to the center and inserted into the workpiece, and the tool is moved outward in the workpiece. This makes it possible to cut or grind the inner surface of the workpiece.

A first embodiment of a combination of a holder 35 with a gripping mechanism having a two-stage gripping mechanism and a spindle 35, which includes a collet gripping mechanism 33 and a shift clamp 34 that are operated by hydraulic pressure, will be described with reference to FIGS. The holder 1 has a shank portion 1a having a tapered outer surface on one side, and a pull stud 8 is attached by screwing a female screw 1d and a male screw 8c of the shank portion 1a.
Further, the cylinder body 2, the cylinder lid 3, and the piston 4 constitute a cylinder 31, and the piston 4 is pushed toward the collet grasping mechanism 33 by the spring 12. At this time, the concave portion 1c was provided on the other side of the holder 1, the convex portion 2a of the cylinder main body 2 was inserted into the concave portion 1c, and the cylinder lid 3 was attached with the flange portion 2c of the cylinder main body 2 interposed therebetween.
A fluid passage 1e is provided in the holder 1, a fluid passage 2d is provided in the flange portion 2c of the cylinder body, a fluid passage 3a is provided in the cylinder lid 3, and the fluid passages 1e, 2d, and 3a are connected to the collet gripping mechanism 33 side of the piston 4. I let you.

Further, a push inclined surface 3b is provided at the tip of the cylinder lid 3, and the base 5 is attached so that the push inclined surface 3b of the cylinder lid 3 protrudes. The collet grasping mechanism 33 is composed of a cylinder 31, a collet 6, and an expansion member 7.
Further, the expansion member 7 is attached by screwing the female screw 4 b of the rod 4 a of the cylinder 31 and the male screw 7 e of the expansion member 7, and the expansion member 7 has an expansion inclined surface 7 a, and between the expansion member 7 and the base 5. A collet 6 was provided.
The collet 6 has a plurality of cuts 6a (see FIG. 3), and is provided with a lower inclined surface 6c and an upper inclined surface 6b, and the lower inclined surface 6c is an enlarged inclined surface 7a and an upper inclined surface of the expansion member 7. The surface 6b is configured to come into contact with the push inclined surface 3b of the cylinder lid 3, respectively.

The shift clamp 34 is composed of an inner pull stud 9, a claw 11, a guide pin 11a, and a cam portion 7b. Then, an inner pull stud 9 is provided through the central hole 8d of the pull stud 8, the central hole 1f of the holder 1, the central hole 2e of the cylinder body 2, the central hole 4c of the rod 4a, and the central hole 7f of the expansion member 7. The inner pull stud 9 was attached so as to be movable in the axial direction.
Further, a claw 11 having a long hole 11b is attached to the lower part of the inner pull stud 9, a nut 19 is fastened to the male screw 9c of the inner pull stud 9, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction is the direction of the long hole 11b ( Hereinafter, it is simply referred to as “sliding direction”). Also, a cam portion 7b is provided at the lower portion of the expansion member 7, and a guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is inserted into the cam groove 7c of the cam portion 7c, and the guide pin 11a is guided by the cam groove 7c and slides in the sliding direction. Configured to do.

The spindle 35 arranged in the vertical direction has a shaft 41, a gripping mechanism 37 and an inner gripping mechanism 38. The gripping mechanism 37 is composed of the inner surface of the shaft 41, the draw bar 42, and a plurality of balls 44, and the inner gripping mechanism 38 is composed of the inner surface of the draw bar 42, the inner draw bar 43, and the inner ball 45.
In addition, a fluid passage 42b is provided in the draw bar 42, a fluid passage 43b is provided in the inner draw bar 43, and a fluid passage 41c is provided in the shaft 41. The fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 43b of the inner draw bar 43 are always in conduction. It was.
On the other hand, the fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 conduct when the draw bar 42 is pulled and the pull stud 8 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37, and the draw bar 42 is pushed out to open the gripping mechanism 37. When it did, it was set as the structure cut off.
The shaft 41 has a tapered inner surface 41a and an end surface 41b, and a dovetail groove 41d is provided in a portion of the end surface 41b of the fluid passage 41c to attach the O-ring 30. Since the inlet of the dovetail groove 41d is narrower than the thickness of the O-ring 30, the O-ring 30 is deformed and inserted. However, the O-ring 30 is assumed not to be deformed when it is in the dovetail groove 41d.
Although not shown, a key is provided between the end surface 41b of the shaft 41 and the abutting surface 1b of the holder 1, so that the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 and the fluid passage 1e of the holder 1 always coincide with each other. .

When the holder with the gripping mechanism of this embodiment is attached to the spindle 35, the draw bar 42 and the inner draw bar 43 are pushed in advance to bring the gripping mechanism 37 and the inner gripping mechanism 38 into an open state.
When the pull stud 8, the shank portion 1 a of the holder 1 and the inner pull stud 9 are inserted into the shaft 41, the head 8 a of the pull stud 8 enters the head space 42 a of the draw bar 42 and the inner head of the inner pull stud 9. 9 a enters the inner head space 43 a of the inner draw bar 43.
Subsequently, when the draw bar 42 is pulled, the ball 44 is pushed against the inner surface of the shaft 41, the ball 44 moves inward, and the ball 44 pushes the inclined surface between the head 8a and the neck 8b of the pull stud 8, The tapered outer surface of the shank portion 1 a, the tapered inner surface 41 a of the shaft 41, the abutting surface 1 b of the holder 1, and the end surface 41 b of the shaft 41 are matched, and the holder 1 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37.

Subsequently, when the valve of the hydraulic circuit is operated to connect the fluid passage 43b to the pressure circuit, the hydraulic oil flows to the cylinder 31 via the fluid passages 42b, 41c, 1e, 2d, and 3a, and the piston 4 moves toward the spindle 35. And push upward. Then, the rod 4a and the expansion member 7 move upward together with the piston 4.
The collet 6 is pushed by the expansion member 7 and moves slightly upward. Further, the lower inclined surface 6c is pushed outward by the enlarged inclined surface 7a, and the upper inclined surface 6b is pushed outward by the pushed inclined surface 3b. 6 expands and grasps the inner surface of the workpiece 47 as the grasped surface.
Further, when the valve of the hydraulic circuit is operated and the fluid passage 43b is connected to the return circuit, the hydraulic oil returns to the tank, the piston 4 is pushed back by the spring 12, and the expansion member 7 moves downward together with the rod 4a. 6 returns to the original state and opens the workpiece 47.

When the inner draw bar 43 is pulled in the state where the pull stud 8 of the holder 1 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37, the inner ball 45 is pushed by the inner surface of the draw bar 42, and the inner ball 45 moves inward, and the inner pull stud 9 The inner ball 45 pushes the inclined surface between the head 9a and the inner neck 9b, and the inner pull stud 9 is gripped by the inner gripping mechanism 38.
When the inner pull stud 9 is held by the inner gripping mechanism 38 and the inner draw bar 43 is further pulled in, the pull stud 8, the holder 1, the cylinder 31, and the expansion member 7 do not move, and the inner pull stud 9 moves upward. To do.
Further, the claw 11 moves upward together with the inner pull stud 9. Since the claw 11 is provided with a long hole 11b and is slidably attached, as the guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is guided by the cam groove 7c, the claw 11 moves upward while sliding in the sliding direction. The workpiece 47 is clamped while the workpiece 47 is pressed against the base 5.

  Embodiment 2 of a holder with a gripping mechanism having a collet gripping mechanism 33 will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the shift clamp 34 is not provided, and therefore the inner pull stud 9 is not attached and the expansion member 10 does not have the cam portion 7b. Therefore, it is only described that the notch 6a of the collet 6 is shown in FIG. 3, and the configuration described in the first embodiment is not described redundantly.

A third embodiment of a combination of a spindle 36 and a holder with a grasping mechanism having a two-stage grasping mechanism including a ball grasping mechanism 39 and a shift clamp 34 that are hydraulically operated will be described with reference to FIG.
The holder 1 has a shank portion 1a having a tapered outer surface on one side, and a pull stud 8 is attached by screwing a female screw 1d and a male screw 8c of the shank portion 1a.
The two-stage cylinder 32 includes the inner cylinder body 14, the inner piston 22, the inner rod 22a, the outer cylinder body 15, the outer piston 21, and the outer rod 21a. The inner piston 22 is pushed downward by the spring 12.
At this time, the concave portion 1c was provided on the other side of the holder 1, the convex portion 14a of the inner cylinder main body 14 was inserted into the concave portion 1c, and the outer cylinder main body 15 was attached with the flange portion 14c of the inner cylinder main body 14 sandwiched therebetween. The inner rod 22a protrudes through the outer rod 21a.

The holder 1 is provided with a fluid passage 1e, the flange portion 14c of the inner cylinder body 14 is provided with a fluid passage 14d, and the outer cylinder body 15 is provided with a fluid passage 15b. The fluid passages 1e, 14d and 15b are provided with the inner piston 22 and the outer piston 21, respectively. Conducted between.
Further, the ball gripping mechanism 39 is composed of the outer rod 21a, the insertion portion 15a, the ball 16 and the spring 18. A plurality of ball holes 15 c are provided in the insertion portion 15 a of the outer cylinder body 15 to hold the plurality of balls 16.
Further, the outer rod 21a is provided with an inclined surface 21b, and the outer rod 21a is pushed upward by the spring 18, and the rubber ring 17 is attached to eliminate the rattling of the ball 16.

The shift clamp 34 is composed of the inner rod 22a, the claw 11, the guide pin 11a, and the cam portion 15d. And the inner rod 22a shall have the center hole 22b and the blowing hole 22c.
Furthermore, the claw 11 having the long hole 11b was attached to the lower part of the inner rod 22a, and the nut 19 was fastened to the male screw 22d of the inner rod 22a, so that the claw 11 was slidable in the sliding direction.
Also, a cam portion 15d is provided below the insertion portion 15a, and a guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is inserted into the cam groove 15e of the cam portion 15d. The guide pin 11a is guided to the cam groove 15e, and the claw 11 is It was configured to slide in the sliding direction.

The spindle 36 has a shaft 41 and a gripping mechanism 37, but an inner gripping mechanism is not provided, and a passage member 46 is attached. The gripping mechanism 37 is composed of an inner surface of the shaft 41, a draw bar 42, and a plurality of balls 44.
The draw bar 42 is provided with a fluid passage 42b, the passage member 46 is provided with a fluid passage 46b, and the shaft 41 is provided with a fluid passage 41c. The fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 46b of the passage member 46 are always in conduction. It was.
On the other hand, the fluid passage 42b of the draw bar 42 and the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 conduct when the draw bar 42 is pulled and the pull stud 8 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37, and the draw bar 42 is pushed out to open the gripping mechanism 37. It was set as the structure interrupted | blocked when it was in the state.

A central passage 46a is provided at the center of the passage member 46, the lower end of the passage member 46 is inserted into the central hole 8d of the pull stud 8, and compressed air is supplied to the central passage 46a. The compressed air supplied to the central passage 46a passes through the central hole 8d of the pull stud, the central hole 1f of the holder, the central hole 14e of the inner cylinder body, and is ejected from the outlet 22c through the central hole 22b of the inner rod.
If comprised in this way, the inside of the ball | bowl grasping mechanism 39 will be maintained in a state with a high pressure, and it can prevent that dust invades from the outside.
In this embodiment, the shaft 41, the pull stud 8 and the holder 1 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the dovetail 41d is provided in the end surface 41b of the fluid passage 41c and the O-ring 30 is attached. As in the first embodiment, by providing a key (not shown), the fluid passage 41c of the shaft 41 and the fluid passage 1e of the holder 1 always coincide with each other.

When the holder with the gripping mechanism of this embodiment is attached to the spindle 36, the draw bar 42 is pushed out in advance and the gripping mechanism 37 is opened. When the pull stud 8 and the shank 1 a of the holder 1 are inserted into the shaft 41, the head 8 a of the pull stud 8 enters the head space 42 a of the draw bar 42.
Subsequently, when the draw bar 42 is pulled, the ball 44 is pushed against the inner surface of the shaft 41, the ball 44 moves inward, and the ball 44 pushes the inclined surface between the head 8a and the neck 8b of the pull stud 8, The holder 1 is gripped by the gripping mechanism 37 in a state where the tapered outer surface of the shank portion 1a, the tapered inner surface 41a of the shaft, the abutting surface 1b of the holder, and the end surface 41b of the shaft match.

Subsequently, when the valve of the hydraulic circuit is operated to connect the fluid passage 46b to the pressure circuit, the hydraulic oil flows between the outer piston 21 and the inner piston 22 through the fluid passages 42b, 41c, 1e, 14d, and 15b. The outer piston 21 is pushed downward and the inner piston 22 is pushed upward.
Then, the outer rod 21a is lowered together with the outer piston 21, the inclined surface 21b of the outer rod pushes the ball 16 outward, the ball 16 is pressed against the inner surface of the workpiece 47, and the inner surface of the workpiece 47 is used as the grasped surface. To grasp.
At the same time, the inner rod 22a rises together with the inner piston 22, and the claw 11 moves upward together with the inner rod 22a. Since the claw 11 is provided with a long hole 11b and is slidably attached, as the guide pin 11a attached to the claw 11 is guided by the cam groove 15e, the claw 11 moves upward while sliding in the sliding direction. In a state where the workpiece 47 is pressed against the outer cylinder body 15, the workpiece 47 is clamped by the shift clamp 34.

Embodiment 4 of the holder with a tool will be described with reference to FIGS. The fourth embodiment is attached to the spindle 36 described in the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, compressed air is supplied to the central passage 46a of the passage member 46, but the fourth embodiment is different in that hydraulic oil is supplied to the central passage 46a. In order to avoid duplicate descriptions, only the differences from the third embodiment will be described.
The holder with a tool according to the fourth embodiment is formed by inserting the convex portion 24 b into the concave portion 1 c of the holder 1 and attaching the base stand 24, and attaching the cylinder 48 and the rail 27 to the base stand 24.
The cylinder 48 includes a cylinder body 25 and two pistons 26. The hydraulic oil supplied to the central passage 46a of the passage member 46 is fed with the central hole 8d of the pull stud, the central hole 1f of the holder, and the center of the base stand. It is supplied to the bore center portion 25a between the two pistons 26 of the cylinder 48 through the hole 24c.

On the other hand, the hydraulic oil supplied to the fluid passage 46b of the passage member 46 flows through the fluid passages 42b, 41c, 1e, and 24a, and after branching in the fluid passage 24a, the hydraulic oil flows to the bore outer portion 25b outside the two pistons 26. Each flows.
Two rails 27 are attached to the base 24, and slides 27a that are guided by the rails 27 and that can move linearly are attached. Further, the tool post 28 was attached to the slide 27a, and the grindstone 29 was attached to the tool post 28, respectively.
In this embodiment, when the hydraulic oil is supplied to the central passage 46a, the piston 26 is pushed outward, and the rod 26a, the slide 27a, the tool post 28, and the grindstone 29 are moved outward together with the piston 26. On the other hand, when hydraulic fluid is supplied to the fluid passage 46b of the passage member, the piston 26 is pushed inward, and the rod 26a, the slide 27a, the tool post 28, and the grindstone 29 move inward together with the piston 26.
For this reason, it is possible to insert the tool close to the center into the workpiece, move the tool outward in the workpiece, and polish or grind the inner diameter of the workpiece.

  The present invention is used not only in the industry for manufacturing and selling machine tools and the industry for manufacturing machined products, but also in the industry for manufacturing and selling tools, chucks, clamp mechanisms, and spindles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Holder 1a: Shank part 1b: Current 1c: Concave 1d: Female screw 1e: Fluid passage 1f: Center hole 2: Cylinder body 2a: Convex part 2c: Flange part 2d: Fluid passage 2e: Center hole 3: Cylinder lid 3a: Fluid passage 3b: Pushing inclined surface 4: Piston 4a: Rod 4b: Female screw 4c: Center hole 5: Base 6: Collet 6a: Cutting 6b: Upper receiving inclined surface 6c: Lower receiving inclined surface 7: Expansion member 7a: Expanding inclination Surface 7b: Cam portion 7c: Cam groove 7e: Male screw 7f: Center hole 8: Pull stud 8a: Head 8b: Neck 8c: Male screw 8d: Center hole 9: Inner pull stud 9a: Inner head 9b: Inner neck 9c: Male screw 10: Expansion member 11: Claw 11a: Guide pin 11b: Long hole 12: Spring 14: Inner cylinder main body 14a: Convex part 14c: Flange part 14d: Fluid Path 14e: Center hole 15: Outer cylinder body 15a: Insertion portion 15b: Fluid passage 15c: Ball hole 15d: Cam portion 15e: Cam groove 16: Ball 17: Rubber ring 18: Spring 19: Nut 21: Outer piston 21a: Outer Rod 21b: Inclined surface 22: Inner piston 22a: Inner rod 22b: Center hole 22c: Outlet 22d: Male screw 24: Base stand 24a: Fluid passage 24b: Convex part 24c: Center hole 25: Cylinder body 25a: Bore center part 25b : Bore outer part 26: Piston 26a: Rod 27: Rail 27a: Slide 28: Tool post 29: Grinding wheel 30: O-ring 31: Cylinder 32: Two-stage cylinder 33: Collet grasping mechanism 34: Shift clamp 35: Spindle 36: Spindle 37: Grasp mechanism 38: Inner grip mechanism 39: Bo Grasp mechanism 41: shaft 41a: tapered inner surface 41b: end surface 41c: fluid passage 41d: dovetail groove 42: draw bar 42a: head space 42b: fluid passage 43: inner draw bar 43a: inner head space 43b: fluid passage 44: ball 45 : Inner ball 46: Passage member 46a: Central passage 46b: Fluid passage 47: Workpiece 48: Cylinder

Claims (15)

A holder for attaching a workpiece or a tool (hereinafter simply referred to as “workpiece etc.”) to the main shaft, which has a shank portion and a pull stud on one side, a cylinder on the other side, and a working fluid in the cylinder Providing a fluid passage for supplying
The fluid passage is any one of a configuration in which the surface provided in the holder and the cylinder communicate with each other, or a configuration in which a central hole provided in the pull stud and the holder communicates with the cylinder. A cylinder-equipped holder. A holder having a shank portion and a pull stud on one side, a cylinder attached to the other side, and a fluid passage for supplying a working fluid to the cylinder;
The fluid passage is any one of a configuration in which the surface provided in the holder and the cylinder communicate with each other, or a configuration in which a central hole provided in the pull stud and the holder communicates with the cylinder. A cylinder-equipped holder.   The holder with a cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is a combination of a holder with a cylinder and a spindle which has an abutment surface and is provided with a fluid passage that communicates the abutment surface with the cylinder. The passage and the fluid passage leading to the end surface of the spindle shaft are connected to each other, and a groove surrounding the fluid passage is provided on either the abutment surface or the end surface, and an O-ring is attached. A combination of a holder with a cylinder and a spindle, characterized by a groove having a shape that expands toward the back (hereinafter simply referred to as “ant groove”).   4. A combination of a holder with a cylinder and a spindle according to claim 3, wherein the spindle has a gripping mechanism in a shaft of the spindle, a fluid passage is provided in each of the drawbar and the shaft of the gripping mechanism, and the drawbar is When the pull stud of the holder is grasped by the gripping mechanism, the fluid passage of the draw bar is electrically connected to the fluid passage of the shaft, and when the draw bar is pushed out, the fluid passage of the draw bar and the shaft of the shaft A combination of a holder with a cylinder and a spindle, characterized in that the fluid passage is cut off.   A holder with a gripping mechanism, comprising the holder with a cylinder according to claim 1 and a gripping mechanism for gripping a workpiece or the like by a pulling force of the cylinder.   6. The holder with a grasping mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the grasping mechanism includes an expansion member having an enlarged inclined surface and a collet having a receiving inclined surface and a notch, and the expansion member is used as a component of the cylinder. A collet gripping mechanism that is configured to be attached to a rod and expand the collet by moving the expansion member as the rod moves, and the expansion inclined surface of the expansion member presses the receiving inclined surface of the collet. A holder with a grasping mechanism.   7. The holder with a gripping mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the collet is provided between the expansion member and the cylinder, the collet has receiving inclined surfaces at two locations, and is further pushed to the cylinder side. A collet grasping mechanism in which an inclined surface is provided, and the expanded inclined surface of the expansion member and the push inclined surface on the cylinder side are configured to expand the collet by pushing the two inclined inclined surfaces of the collet. A holder with a gripping mechanism characterized by being.   6. The holder with a grasping mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the grasping mechanism moves in accordance with pushing and pulling of an insertion portion having a plurality of ball holes, a plurality of balls attached to the ball holes, and a rod of the cylinder. A holder with a grasping mechanism, wherein the holder is a ball grasping mechanism that is configured to push the ball against the grasped surface by pushing the ball with the inclined surface that moves. A holder with a gripping mechanism according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein an inner pull stud is provided so as to penetrate the holder and the gripping mechanism and be movable in an axial direction, and the inner pull stud has a claw. And by moving the inner pull stud in the axial direction,
A two-stage grasping mechanism comprising the shift clamp and the grasping mechanism, wherein the catch is a mechanism for clamping a workpiece or the like by moving the pawl in the axial direction (hereinafter simply referred to as “shift clamp”). A holder with a gripping mechanism. A holder with a grasping mechanism having the two-stage grasping mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the shift clamp includes the inner pull stud, the claw, a guide pin, and a cam portion, and the claw is axially arranged. Slidably mounted in different directions,
As the inner pull stud moves, the claw and the guide pin move in the axial direction, the guide pin slides guided by the cam groove of the cam portion, and the claw slides with the guide pin in the axial direction. A holder with a grasping mechanism having a two-stage grasping mechanism, wherein the holder is a shift clamp configured to move to the right. A holder with a grasping mechanism according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the cylinder is a two-stage cylinder,
In the case of having a collet gripping mechanism, the expansion member is moved by pushing and pulling the outer rod of the two-stage cylinder. In the case of having a ball gripping mechanism, the tilting is performed by pushing and pulling the outer rod. It is configured to push the ball by moving the surface,
Further, the inner rod is attached by penetrating the outer rod, the claw is attached to the inner rod, and the inner rod is pushed and pulled to form a shift clamp configured to move the claw in the axial direction. A holder with a grasping mechanism having a two-stage grasping mechanism. 12. A holder with a grasping mechanism having a two-stage grasping mechanism according to claim 11, wherein the shift clamp includes the inner rod, the claw, a guide pin, and a cam portion, and the claw is different from the axial direction. Slidable in the direction,
As the inner rod moves, the claw and the guide pin move in the axial direction, the guide pin guides and slides in the cam groove of the cam portion, and the claw slides with the guide pin in the axial direction. A holder with a grasping mechanism having a two-stage grasping mechanism, wherein the holder is a shift clamp configured to move.   A combination of a holder with a gripping mechanism according to any one of claims 5 to 12 and a spindle, wherein the holder is attached to the spindle by aligning the abutment surface of the holder and the end surface of the spindle shaft. The fluid passage and the fluid passage provided on the shaft are electrically connected to each other, a groove surrounding the fluid passage is provided on either the contact surface or the end surface, and an O-ring is attached to the groove. A combination of a holder with a cylinder and a spindle, characterized by a dovetail groove.   14. A combination of a holder with a gripping mechanism and a spindle according to claim 13, wherein a gripping mechanism is provided in the shaft of the spindle, a fluid passage is provided in each of the drawbar and the shaft of the gripping mechanism, and the drawbar is When the pull stud of the holder is grasped by the gripping mechanism, the fluid passage of the draw bar is electrically connected to the fluid passage of the shaft, and when the draw bar is pushed out, the fluid passage of the draw bar and the shaft A combination of a holder with a gripping mechanism and a spindle, wherein the fluid passage is blocked.   The holder with a cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the holder has a rail and a plurality of slides held by the rail, the cylinder has a plurality of pistons, and pushes and pulls the slide by a rod of the cylinder. A tool-attached holder configured to move a tool attached to the slide.

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