JP2013153572A - Apparatus and method for controlling power supply - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress a peak of power supply by making effective use of charge power of a battery provided in an apparatus for controlling power supply.SOLUTION: The present invention comprises: a load equipment connection switch that connects commercial power distribution equipment 10 and load equipment 40, 50; a power generation connection switch that connects a solar battery 20 for generating electric power using sunshine; a battery connection switch that connects a battery 30; and a power controller 60 that supplies electric power from the commercial power distribution equipment 10 and a solar battery 20 to the load equipment 40, 50 by turning on the load equipment connection switch and the power generation equipment connection switch and supplies electric power of the battery 30 to the load equipment 40, 50 by turning on the battery connection switch when the electric power supplied from the commercial power distribution equipment 10 to the load equipment 40, 50 is not less than peak-cut start power.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply control device and a power supply control method for supplying power generated by a renewable energy power generation system such as a solar battery to a load in conjunction with power supplied from a commercial power source.

  In recent years, in response to rising crude oil prices in the world, stricter regulations on carbon dioxide emissions, which are concerned about environmental destruction, and increasing activities against the construction of nuclear power plants, the power generation environment for stably supplying cheap electricity has become severe year by year. It is increasing. For this reason, power generation using fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and nuclear power is being shifted to power generation using renewable energy such as sunlight and wind power.

  Of the power generation using renewable energy, power generation using solar cells is becoming more and more popular in ordinary houses and public facilities because it is possible to generate power in individual houses as long as solar cells are installed. Solar cells cannot supply power stably because the power that can be generated varies greatly depending on the daily sunshine conditions. For this reason, solar cells are usually operated in conjunction with a commercial power source. As a power supply control device that supplies power generated by a solar battery to a load linked to power supplied from a commercial power source, there is a technique as shown in Patent Document 1 below.

JP 2011-130655 A

  Conventionally used power supply control devices for solar cells have a battery connected in parallel with the solar cells and the commercial power source for storing the surplus power of the solar cell and for backup at the time of a power failure of the commercial power source. . However, in the conventional power supply control device, as described above, the battery is only used for charging the surplus power and backing up during a power failure, and is not used for any other purpose.

  For power supply, the demand and supply must always match. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a power plant for supply power exceeding the maximum demand power. In recent years, since the electric power used for air conditioning equipment has increased, the difference in the amount of power supply between the peak time of power supply and the off peak time has increased. Therefore, the operating rate of the power plant is decreasing, leading to an increase in power generation cost.

  In view of these recent power supply situations, if the battery provided in the conventional power supply control device can be used effectively, the peak of power supply can be suppressed, the operating rate of the power plant can be increased, and the power generation cost can be reduced. be able to.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and power supply control for supplying power generated by a renewable energy power generation facility such as a solar battery to a load in conjunction with power supplied from a commercial power source. An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply control device and a power supply control method capable of effectively using the charging power of a battery included in the power supply control device to suppress the peak of power supply.

  The power supply control device according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a load facility connection switch, a power generation facility connection switch, a battery connection switch, and a control unit.

  The load facility connection switch connects the commercial power distribution facility and the load facility. The power generation facility connection switch connects a renewable energy power generation facility that generates power using renewable energy. The battery connection switch connects a battery. The control unit turns on the load facility connection switch and the power generation facility connection switch to supply power to the load facility from the commercial power distribution facility and the renewable energy power generation facility, while the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility to the load facility starts peak cutting When the electric power is exceeded, the battery connection switch is also turned on to supply the battery power to the load facility.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power supply control method according to the present invention comprises a load facility connection switch for connecting a commercial power distribution facility and a load facility, and a power generation facility for connecting a renewable energy power generation facility that generates power using renewable energy. A power supply control method for a power supply control device comprising: a connection switch; a battery connection switch for connecting a battery; and a load facility connection switch, a power generation facility connection switch, and a control unit for controlling ON / OFF of the battery connection switch. Power supply stage for supplying power from the commercial power distribution equipment and renewable energy power generation equipment to the load equipment by turning on the load equipment connection switch and the power generation equipment connection switch, and the power supplied from the commercial power distribution equipment to the load equipment When the peak cut start power is exceeded, the battery connection switch is turned on and the battery power is turned on. Including a peak shaving power supplying to the load equipment.

  According to the present invention, if the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility to the load facility is equal to or higher than the peak cut start power, the battery is connected in parallel with the commercial power distribution facility and the renewable energy power generation facility. Can temporarily suppress the power supplied to the load facility. For this reason, the peak cut of the electric power which commercial power distribution equipment supplies to load equipment is realizable.

It is a block diagram of the electric power supply control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a block diagram of the control system of the power controller shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the open / close state of the switch in the block diagram of FIG. 2 for every operation mode. In the power supply control device according to the present embodiment, it is a diagram showing a power supply state in the interconnected operation mode. It is a figure which shows the electric power supply state of the peak cut operation mode in the electric power supply control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the electric power supply state of self-sustained operation mode in the electric power supply control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. In the electric power supply control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, it is a figure which shows the electric power supply state of charge operation mode. It is an operation | movement flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the power supply control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, and the power supply control method which concerns on this embodiment. It is an operation | movement flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the power supply control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, and the power supply control method which concerns on this embodiment. In the electric power supply control apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, it is a figure where it uses for description of switching of interconnection operation mode, peak cut operation mode, and charge operation mode.

  Embodiments of a power supply control device and a power supply control method according to the present invention will be described below. This embodiment demonstrates the case where a solar cell is used as renewable energy power generation equipment. However, the present invention is a renewable energy power generation facility, such as a solar power generation facility, a solar thermal power generation facility, a wind power generation facility, and other currently known wave power generation facilities and tidal power generation facilities. It is applicable to all renewable energy power generation facilities that are affected by the natural environment.

[Configuration of power supply control device]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply control device according to the present embodiment.

  The power supply control device 100 includes a power controller 60, and a commercial power distribution facility 10, a solar cell 20, a battery 30, a general load facility 40, a load facility 50 used during a power failure, and a power detector 70 are connected to the power controller 60. Is done.

  The commercial power distribution equipment 10 is connected to a commercial power plant, and corresponds to an outlet for supplying an AC voltage of 50V or 60 Hz of 100V in a general household.

  The solar cell 20 is a semiconductor device in which semiconductor elements that convert the energy of sunlight into electric power are arranged in a planar shape, and is installed on the roof of a house if it is a general household.

  The battery 30 charges electric power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 and the solar cell 20, and is connected in parallel to the commercial power distribution facility 10 and the solar cell 20 during a peak cut operation described later.

  The general load facility 40 operates with electric power supplied from at least one of the commercial power distribution facility 10, the solar cell 20, and the battery 30. The general load equipment 40 is all electric devices that operate with the electric power of the commercial power distribution equipment 10 such as a refrigerator, a washing machine, a television set, and an electric lamp, which are installed inside and outside the house.

  The use load facility 50 at the time of a power failure operates with the power of the solar cell 20 or the battery 30 even when the power supply from the commercial power distribution facility 10 is interrupted (at the time of a power failure). The load equipment 50 used during a power failure is usually a part of the general load equipment 40. In ordinary households, emergency lights and electric lights that illuminate your feet when a power failure occurs can be exemplified. However, any of the general load facilities 40 can be freely used as the load facility 50 used during a power failure. For example, in a store that handles food, a refrigerator may be set as the use load facility 50 during a power failure, and in a cleaning store, a washing machine may be set as the use load facility 50 during a power failure. Moreover, you may set the facilities other than the general load equipment 40, for example, the emergency induction equipment used only at the time of a power failure, to the load equipment 50 used at the time of a power failure.

  The power controller 60 includes a power generation equipment connection terminal for connecting the solar battery 20, a battery connection terminal for connecting the battery 30, a general load connection terminal for connecting the commercial power distribution equipment 10 and the general load equipment 40, and a power failure. A power load connection terminal for power failure for connecting the service load facility 50 and a power detector connection terminal for connecting the power detector 70 are provided.

  The power controller 60 supplies power from the commercial power distribution facility 10 and the solar battery 20 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure (interconnection operation).

  In addition, when the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure exceeds a predetermined peak cut start power, the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 is peak cut. Therefore, the electric power of the battery 30 is also supplied to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during power failure (peak cut operation). Since the peak cut starting power varies depending on the installed capacity of the house to be installed and the power usage status, the peak cut starting power is set so that the user has the optimum peak cut.

  Further, when the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure is equal to or lower than a predetermined peak cut end power, the battery 30 is disconnected and the commercial power distribution facility 10 and the solar cell 20 are separated. To supply power to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure (from peak cut operation to interconnection operation). Since the peak cut end power also varies depending on the installed capacity of the house to be installed and the usage status of the power, the user sets it to such an extent that the battery 30 is not overdischarged.

  Moreover, the power controller 60 supplies the electric power of the battery 30 to the use load equipment 50 at the time of a power failure, when the commercial power distribution equipment 10 carries out a power failure (independent operation).

  Furthermore, the power controller 60 is used when the independent operation performed when the commercial power distribution facility 10 is out of power (when power is restored), or from the commercial power distribution facility 10 to the general load facility 40 and the power load by setting the charging schedule timer. When the power supplied to the load facility 50 reaches a fixed time in the night (for example, charging starts every day at 22:00) when the power supplied to the load facility 50 is smaller than the daytime, the battery 30 is charged from the commercial power distribution facility 10 (charging operation).

  The power detector 70 detects power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure. The power detector 70 is provided outside the power controller 60, and the power detected by the power detector 70 is input to the power controller 60.

  The power controller 60 controls the supply of electric power from the commercial power distribution facility 10, the solar cell 20, and the battery 30 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure. Control of the power controller 60 will be described later.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the power controller shown in FIG.

  MCCB21, MC21, MC22, and MC23 switches are connected to the battery connection terminal of the power controller 60. A battery connection switch is comprised by the switch of a battery connection terminal and MCCB21, MC21, MC22, MC23.

  The MCCB 51 switch is connected to the power generation equipment connection terminal. The power generation equipment connection switch and the MCCB 51 switch constitute a power generation equipment connection switch.

  Inverter units 1 to n that convert DC current and AC current bidirectionally are connected to the battery connection terminal and the power generation equipment connection terminal via the switches MCCB21, MC21, MC22, MC23 and MCCB51. The number of inverter units 1 to n provided is determined according to the output of the solar cell 20. For example, when the output of the solar battery 20 is 20 Kw and the capacity per inverter unit is 10 Kw, two inverter units are provided. MC11, MC12, and MC41 to MC4n switches are connected to each of the inverter units 1 to n.

  The MCCB 62 switch is connected to the load connection terminal used during a power failure.

  The switches of ELCB11, MCCB61, MC61, and MC62 are connected to the general load connection terminal. A load equipment connection switch is configured by the switches MC11, MC12, MC41 to MC4n, the switch MCCB62, and the switches ELCB11, MCCB61, MC61, MC62.

  Between the general load connection terminal and the control unit 64, an NVR 62 that detects that power supply from the commercial power distribution facility 10 has been interrupted (power failure) is provided. When a power failure in the commercial power distribution facility 10 is detected by the NVR 62, this is notified to the control unit 64.

  The control unit 64 controls ON / OFF of all switches provided in the power controller 60.

[Operation of power supply control device]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the open / closed state of the switches in the power controller 60 shown in FIG. 2 for each operation mode. FIGS. 4 to 7 are diagrams showing the power receiving state for each operation mode of the power supply control device 100.

  The power supply control device 100 according to the present embodiment has four operation modes: a grid operation mode, a peak cut operation mode, a self-sustaining operation mode, and a charge operation mode.

  In the interconnection operation mode, the switches MC22 and MC23 shown in FIG. 2 are turned off, the switches MC11 and MC12 are turned on, the switches MC41 to MC4n are turned off, and the switches MC61 and MC62 are turned on. . The condition for shifting to the grid operation mode is a case where the power generation amount of the solar cell 20 is a certain level or more.

  In the interconnection operation mode, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 4, the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure are connected in parallel with the commercial power distribution facility 10 and the solar cell 20. Therefore, in the interconnection operation mode, power is supplied from both the commercial power distribution facility 10 and the solar battery 20 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure.

  In the peak cut operation mode, the switches MC22 and MC23 are turned on, the switches MC11 and MC12 are turned on, the switches MC41 to MC4n are turned off, and the switches MC61 and MC62 are turned on. The condition for shifting to the peak cut operation mode is that the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure becomes equal to or less than the peak cut end power after the peak cut start power is exceeded. Until. Note that the peak cut start power is set to be larger than the peak cut end power.

  In the peak cut operation mode, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 5, the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure are connected in parallel to the three power sources of the commercial power distribution facility 10, the solar cell 20, and the battery 30. Therefore, in the peak cut operation mode, power is supplied from the battery 30 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure in addition to the commercial power distribution facility 10 and the solar battery 20. Note that the discharge power of the battery 30 is a constant power set in advance. Therefore, if the generated power of the solar cell 20 is large, the power supplied to the general load facility 40 and the specification load facility 50 at the time of power failure increases. Even if there is no power generated by the solar cell 20, preset power is supplied from the battery 30 to the general load facility 40 and the power load specification load facility 50.

  In the self-sustained operation mode, the switches MC22 and MC23 are turned on, the switches MC11 and MC12 are turned off, the switches MC41 to MC4n are turned on, and the switches MC61 and MC62 are turned off. The condition for shifting to the self-sustaining operation mode is when a power failure occurs in the commercial power distribution facility 10.

  In the self-sustained operation mode, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6, the solar cell 20 and the battery 30 supply power to the load facility 50 used during a power failure.

  In the charging operation mode, the switches MC22 and MC23 are turned on, the switches MC11 and MC12 are turned on, the switches MC41 to MC4n are turned off, and the switches MC61 and MC62 are turned on. The conditions for shifting to the charging operation mode are when the commercial power distribution facility 10 has been eliminated from power and when it has returned from the self-sustained operation mode to the charging operation mode, and when the time set for the timer to enter the charging operation mode is reached. It is.

  Note that the switches MCCB21, MCCB51, MCCB61, MCCB62, and ELCB11 are all ON when the power supply control device 100 is operating normally, and the contacts of these switches are closed.

  In the charging operation mode, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 7, power from the commercial power distribution facility 10 is supplied to the battery 30 and the battery 30 is charged.

  8 and 9 are operation flowcharts showing the operation of the power supply control device 100. FIG. This operation flowchart shows the procedure of the power supply control method according to the present embodiment.

  The power controller 60 determines whether the commercial power distribution facility 10 has a power failure based on a signal from the NVR 62 (S1).

  As shown in FIG. 8, if the commercial power distribution facility 10 has a power failure (S1: YES), it shifts to the self-sustaining operation mode and performs the self-sustaining operation as shown in FIG. That is, electric power is supplied from the solar cell 20 and the battery 30 to the use load facility 50 during a power failure (S2). On the other hand, if the commercial power distribution facility 10 is not out of power (S1: NO), the operation shifts to the grid operation or peak cut operation (S3). The interconnection operation or peak cut operation will be described in detail with reference to the operation flowchart of FIG.

  The power controller 60 determines whether the commercial power distribution facility 10 has recovered from a power failure (S4). If the commercial power distribution facility 10 has not recovered from the power failure (S4: NO), the autonomous operation is continued. On the other hand, when the commercial power distribution facility 10 is restored from the power failure (S4: YES), the charging operation is started and the battery 30 discharged in the self-sustaining operation is charged (S5).

  The power controller 60 determines whether or not the charging of the battery 30 has been completed (S6). If the charging of the battery 30 is not completed (S5: NO), the charging operation is continued. On the other hand, when the charging of the battery 30 is completed (S5: YES), the system shifts to a grid operation or a peak cut operation (S3).

  Next, the power controller 60 determines whether or not the operation is completed depending on whether or not an operation end signal is input (S7). If the operation has not ended (S7: NO), the operation returns to the step S1 and continues the operation. On the other hand, when the operation ends (S7: YES), the power controller 60 ends all the processes and stops the operation.

  After shifting to the grid operation or the peak cut operation, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9, the power controller 60 looks at the power detected by the power detector 70 and detects the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10. That is, the electric power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure is detected (S31).

  If the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10 is equal to or higher than the peak cut start power (S32: YES), the power controller 60 shifts from the grid operation to the peak cut operation (S33). In the peak cut operation, the electric power from the battery 30 is also supplied to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure via the inverter unit 1-inverter unit n. For this reason, the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10 is reduced by the amount of power supplied from the battery 30, and the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10 can be peak cut.

  If the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10 is not equal to or higher than the peak cut start power (S32: NO), the power controller 60 continues the interconnection operation (S34).

  When shifting from the grid operation to the peak cut operation, the power controller 60 monitors the power detected by the power detector 70 and the remaining capacity of the battery 30. If the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10 is equal to or lower than the peak cut end power or the remaining capacity of the battery 30 is equal to or lower than the specified value (S35: YES), the peak cut operation is shifted to the interconnected operation (S34). On the other hand, if the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10 is equal to or lower than the peak cut end power or the remaining capacity of the battery 30 is not equal to or less than the specified value (S35: NO), the operation returns to the step of S31 to continue the operation.

  The power supply control device and the power supply matching method according to the present embodiment operate the power controller 60 as described above.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining switching of the grid operation mode, the peak cut operation mode, and the charge operation mode in the power supply control device according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the power supply control device operates in the charging operation mode from 22:00 to 6:00 depending on the time set by the timer.

  When the operation mode shifts from 6 o'clock to the interconnection operation mode and the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10 exceeds the peak cut start power, the operation mode shifts to the peak cut operation mode. When shifting to the peak cut operation mode, even if the electric power (load power consumption) consumed by the general load equipment 40 and the load equipment 50 used during a power failure rises, the increased power is supplied from the battery 30. The received power of the power distribution facility 10 does not exceed the peak cut start power. During operation in the peak cut operation mode, when the power (load power consumption) consumed by the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure decreases and falls below the peak cut end power, it is no longer due to the peak cut. Since it is not necessary to maintain the peak cut operation mode, the operation mode is shifted to the interconnection operation mode. The interconnection operation and the peak cut operation are repeated according to fluctuations in the received power of the commercial power distribution facility 10, and the charging operation mode is shifted to 22:00.

  As described above, according to the power supply control device and the power supply control method according to the present embodiment, the power of the battery 30 charged at night and the generated power of the solar battery 20 are used for the general load facility 40 and the load used during a power failure. The power supplied to the facility 50 is assisted. Therefore, the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility 10 to the general load facility 40 and the load facility 50 used during a power failure can be temporarily suppressed. For this reason, peak cut of the electric power which commercial power distribution equipment 10 supplies to general load equipment 40 and use load equipment 50 at the time of a power failure can be realized, and the power supply state of the power plant can be leveled.

10 Commercial power distribution equipment,
20 solar cells,
30 battery,
40 General load equipment,
50 Load equipment used during power outages,
60 power controller,
62 NVR,
64 control unit,
70 power detector,
100 Power supply control device.

Claims (9)

A load facility connection switch for connecting commercial power distribution facilities and load facilities;
A power generation facility connection switch for connecting a renewable energy power generation facility that generates power using renewable energy; and
A battery connection switch for connecting the battery;
While the load facility connection switch and the power generation facility connection switch are turned on to supply power from the commercial power distribution facility and the renewable energy power generation facility to the load facility, power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility to the load facility is A controller that turns on the battery connection switch and supplies the battery power to the load facility when the peak cut start power is exceeded,
A power supply control device comprising: The controller is
When the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility to the load facility is equal to or lower than the peak cut end power, the battery connection switch is turned off to supply power to the load facility only from the commercial power distribution facility and the renewable energy power generation facility. The power supply control device according to claim 1.   The power supply control device according to claim 2, wherein the peak cut start power is larger than the peak cut end power.   The power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility to the load facility is detected by a power detector provided outside the control unit, and the detected power is input to the control unit. 4. The power supply control device according to any one of 3.   5. The renewable energy power generation facility is any one of a solar power generation facility, a solar thermal power generation facility, a wind power generation facility, or a power generation facility that is a combination of any of these power generation facilities. The power supply control device according to any one of the above. The load equipment is
A general load facility that operates with electric power supplied from at least one of the commercial power distribution facility, the renewable energy power generation facility, and the battery;
Load facility for use during a power failure that operates with the power supplied from the renewable energy power generation facility or the battery even when the power supply from the commercial power distribution facility is interrupted,
The power supply control device according to claim 1, wherein A load facility connection switch for connecting commercial power distribution facilities and load facilities;
A power generation facility connection switch for connecting a renewable energy power generation facility that generates power using renewable energy; and
A battery connection switch for connecting the battery;
A control unit for controlling ON and OFF of the load facility connection switch, the power generation facility connection switch, and the battery connection switch;
A power supply control method for a power supply control device comprising:
A connected power supply stage for turning on the load facility connection switch and the power generation facility connection switch to supply power from the commercial power distribution facility and the renewable energy power generation facility to the load facility;
When the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility to the load facility is equal to or higher than the peak cut start power, the battery connection switch is also turned on and the power of the battery is also supplied to the load facility.
A power supply control method comprising: After the peak cut power supply step,
When the power supplied from the commercial power distribution facility to the load facility is equal to or lower than the peak cut end power, the battery connection switch is turned off to supply power to the load facility only from the commercial power distribution facility and the renewable energy power generation facility. The power supply control method according to claim 7, further comprising a cut power supply end stage.   The power supply control method according to claim 8, wherein the peak cut start power is larger than the peak cut end power.