JP2013150492A - Controller of switched reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate a sound corresponding to rotation of a switched reluctance motor.SOLUTION: The controller of switched reluctance motor for controlling a switched reluctance motor mounted on a vehicle includes determination means (electrification timing determination unit 21) for determining whether or not electrification for generating a sound from a switched reluctance motor is performed or not depending on the state of a vehicle, and control means (electrification timing output unit 24 and drive circuit 25) for generating a sound depending on the rotation speed of a switched reluctance motor, by electrifying the winding of a stator salient pole at an angle at which the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole substantially face each other, when a determination is made by the determination means that electrification for generating a sound is performed, thereby generating a distortion in a stator having a stator salient pole.

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device for a switched reluctance motor.

  A rotor having a plurality of salient poles, a stator having a plurality of inward salient poles arranged so as to surround the rotor, and windings wound around the inward salient poles. There is known a switched reluctance motor that generates a rotational torque by magnetically attracting a salient pole of a rotor to an inward salient pole by selectively energizing the rotor.

  When a switched reluctance motor is mounted on a vehicle and used as a power source, this switched reluctance motor has a very low operating noise compared to a vehicle using a reciprocating engine or the like as a power source. There is a problem that you may not notice the approach.

  Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, there is a technique for generating a sound from a rotating shaft of a motor by superimposing and supplying a signal for generating a sound to a motor drive signal.

JP 2011-55697 A

  By the way, in the technique shown in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to set an appropriate signal according to the characteristics of the load connected to the motor (such as moment of inertia and viscous braking coefficient), and there is a problem that the control becomes complicated. .

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a switched reluctance motor that can generate a sound according to the rotation of the switched reluctance motor by simple control.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides a control device for a switched reluctance motor that controls a switched reluctance motor mounted on a vehicle, and whether or not energization is performed to generate sound from the switched reluctance motor. When the determination means determines that the energization for generating sound is performed by the determination means, the stator salient pole and the stator salient pole are substantially opposed to each other. Control means for performing control to generate distortion according to the rotational speed of the switched reluctance motor by causing distortion to the stator having the stator salient poles by energizing the windings of the salient poles. And
According to such a configuration, it is possible to generate a sound according to the rotation of the switched reluctance motor by simple control.

In another aspect of the invention, in addition to the above-described invention, the control means may be configured such that when the angle between the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole is a reference, the energization angle in the advance direction and the retard angle direction are determined. By performing control so that the energization angles are substantially the same, control is performed to generate sound while suppressing generation of torque.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to generate a sound corresponding to the rotational speed without generating almost any torque.

According to another aspect of the invention, in addition to the above-described invention, the control means may be configured such that when the angle at which the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole face each other is a reference, the conduction angle in the advance direction is in the retard direction. By performing control so as to be larger than the energization angle, control is performed to generate sound while generating positive torque.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to generate a sound according to the rotational speed while generating a positive torque. For example, it is possible to generate a sound while maintaining the vehicle speed.

According to another aspect of the invention, in addition to the above-mentioned invention, the control means may be configured such that when the angle at which the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole face each other is used as a reference, the energizing angle in the retarded direction is an advance angle By performing control so as to be larger than the energization angle, control is performed to generate sound while generating negative torque.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to generate a sound according to the rotation speed while generating a negative torque, and thus it is possible to generate a sound while decelerating, for example.

In addition to the above invention, another invention is characterized in that the determination means determines that energization for generating a sound is necessary when the vehicle becomes less than a predetermined speed.
According to such a configuration, a pedestrian or the like can be made aware of the approach of the vehicle by generating a sound when the sound is generated from the vehicle at a speed lower than a predetermined speed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the control apparatus of the switched reluctance motor which can generate | occur | produce the sound according to rotation of the switched reluctance motor by simple control.

It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the control apparatus of the switched reluctance motor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the detailed structure of a rotor and a stator. It is a figure which shows the rotational position of a rotor, a torque, and a conduction angle. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotational position of a rotor, radial force, and torque. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the process performed in embodiment shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the other process performed in embodiment shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the further another process performed in embodiment shown in FIG.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(A) Description of Configuration of Embodiment FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a control device for a switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the control device 20 of the switched reluctance motor includes an energization timing determination processing unit 21, a sound generation energization timing storage unit 22, a normal energization timing storage unit 23, an energization timing output processing unit 24, a drive circuit 25, And it has the rotation speed detection process part 26, and controls SR (switch reluctance) motor 30 according to the operation amount of the accelerator 11 and the brake 12, the vehicle speed, and the detected value of the rotation sensor 40. The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on, for example, a vehicle such as an automobile, a motorcycle, or a bicycle, and a driving force is applied to the driving wheels of the vehicle by the SR motor 30. In addition, you may make it mount in the hybrid vehicle to which a driving force is given not only by the SR motor 30 but a driving force by a reciprocating engine etc., for example.

  Here, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 performs energization for generating sound based on the operation amount of the accelerator 11 and the brake 12, the vehicle speed, and the rotation speed of the SR motor 30, or normal energization Determine whether to perform. When energization for generating sound is performed, data stored in the sound generation energization timing storage unit 22 is read. When normal energization is performed, the data is stored in the normal energization timing storage unit 23. The energization timing output processing unit 24 is controlled based on the read data.

  The sound generation energization timing storage unit 22 stores data relating to energization timing in each phase when energization for sound generation is performed. The normal energization timing storage unit 23 stores data relating to energization timing and regeneration timing in each phase when normal energization is performed.

  The energization timing output processing unit 24 forms U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase energization pattern signals based on the rotational position of the SR motor 30 detected by the rotation sensor 40. The timing is adjusted based on the data supplied from the energization timing determination processing unit 21 and the drive circuit 25 is controlled.

  The drive circuit 25 is constituted by, for example, a semiconductor switch. The drive circuit 25 switches the semiconductor switch in accordance with the control of the energization timing output processing unit 24, and passes current through the windings of each phase of the SR motor 30. Drive.

  The rotation speed detection processing unit 26 detects the rotation speed of the SR motor 30 based on the signal supplied from the rotation sensor 40 and supplies it to the energization timing determination processing unit 21.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the SR motor 30 includes a stator S and a rotor R disposed so as to be rotatable with respect to the stator S. The stator S includes a stator core SC in which a plurality of stator salient poles (Su, Sv, Sw) are integrally formed, and a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase wound around the stator salient poles (Su, Sv, Sw), respectively. Windings (U, V, W). A plurality of rotor salient poles (R1, R2, R3, R4) are integrally formed on the rotor R.

  The rotation sensor 40 detects the rotation position of the rotor R and outputs it to the rotation speed detection processing unit 26 and the energization timing output processing unit 24.

(B) Description of Operation of Embodiment Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. First, the outline of the operation of the present embodiment will be described based on FIGS. 3 and 4, and then the detailed operation will be described based on FIGS.

  3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining the outline of the operation of the embodiment. 3A to 3C are views showing the positional relationship between the rotor salient poles (R1, R2, R3, R4) and the stator salient poles (Su, Sv, Sw) according to the rotational position of the rotor R. is there. 3 and 4, the rotor R is assumed to rotate clockwise. In FIG. 3A, the rotor salient pole R1 is at a position shifted counterclockwise from the stator salient pole Su, and in FIG. 3B, the rotor salient pole R1 and the stator salient pole Su are at opposite positions. In 3 (C), the rotor salient pole R1 is at a position shifted in the clockwise direction from the stator salient pole Su.

  FIG. 3D shows a change in inductance of the U-phase winding according to the rotational position of the rotor R. As shown in this figure, the inductance gradually increases from the position of the rotor R shown in FIG. 3 (A), reaches the maximum at the position shown in FIG. 3 (B), and thereafter reaches the position shown in FIG. 3 (C). Decrease gradually.

  FIGS. 3E and 3F show the drive energization timing and the regenerative energization timing during normal energization, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3 (E), during normal operation, the U-phase winding is energized in the positive torque generation region where the inductance increases, and as shown in FIG. 3 (F). During the regenerative operation, the U-phase winding is energized and regenerated from the U-phase winding to the battery in the negative torque generation region where the inductance decreases.

  On the other hand, when energization is performed to generate sound, as shown in FIG. 3G, when the angle at which the rotor salient pole R1 and the stator salient pole Su face each other is used as a reference, the advance direction (reverse) Control is performed so that the energization angle (= d1) in the clockwise direction and the energization angle (= d2) in the retard direction (clockwise) are substantially the same. As a result, the energization angle in the positive torque region is equal to the energization angle in the negative torque generation region, so that the positive torque and the negative torque cancel each other and torque is hardly generated.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the position of the rotor salient poles, the torque, and the radial force. The radial force refers to a force that attracts the salient poles (Su, Sv, Sw) of the stator S toward the center by energizing the windings. At the position where the rotor salient pole R1 shown in FIG. 4 (E) is shifted counterclockwise from the stator salient pole Su, the torque becomes maximum as shown in FIG. 4 (D). At this time, most of the magnetic energy indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4A is converted to torque, and the conversion to radial force is small. Next, at the position where the rotor salient pole R1 shown in FIG. 4 (F) is further closer to the stator salient pole Su, the torque is reduced as compared with FIG. 4 (E) as shown in FIG. 4 (D). At this time, conversion of magnetic energy into radial force indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4B increases. Then, at the position where the rotor salient pole R1 shown in FIG. 4 (G) completely faces the stator salient pole Su, the torque is further reduced as compared with FIG. 4 (B) as shown in FIG. 4 (D). . At this time, the conversion of magnetic energy into a radial force indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4C further increases.

  In addition, although the above is description about U phase, the same control is made also about V phase and W phase.

  In this embodiment, the conduction angle in the advance direction (= d1) and the conduction angle in the retard direction (= d2) are based on the position where the rotor salient pole R1 having the largest radial force is completely opposed to the stator salient pole Su. ) Are energized so as to be substantially the same, a large radial force acts on the salient poles (Su, Sv, Sw) of the stator S. As a result, the stator S is distorted due to a force acting toward the center. Since the position where this distortion occurs changes in the order of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase according to the rotation of the rotor R, the stator S is deformed according to the distortion, and a sound is generated along with the deformation. Note that the volume of this sound is a desired level by adjusting the magnitude of the current passing through the windings, adjusting the angles of the energization angles d1 and d2, or combining them. Is adjustable.

  In the above example, the energization angle in the positive torque region and the energization angle in the negative torque generation region are set equal to cancel the positive torque and the negative torque so that no torque is generated. However, it is possible to generate positive torque or negative torque. That is, as shown in FIG. 3H, by setting the energization angle in the positive torque region to be larger than the energization angle in the negative torque region, it is possible to generate positive torque while generating sound. Further, as shown in FIG. 3I, by setting the energization angle in the negative torque region to be larger than the energization angle in the positive torque region, it is possible to generate negative torque while generating sound. In this way, by controlling to generate positive torque while generating sound, for example, sound is generated while maintaining (or accelerating) the speed when the vehicle is traveling at low speed, and sound is generated while decelerating. Can be.

  Next, the detailed operation of the present embodiment will be described based on FIGS. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing executed in the energization timing determination processing unit 21 shown in FIG. In this flowchart, sound generation energization is executed when the vehicle speed falls below a predetermined threshold. When this flowchart is started, the following steps are executed.

  In step S10, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 determines whether or not the accelerator 11 is in an off state (for example, a state where the foot is released from the accelerator 11), and determines that the accelerator 11 is in an off state. If so (step S10: Yes), the process proceeds to step S12. Otherwise (step S10: No), the process proceeds to step S11. For example, if the foot is released from the accelerator 11, the process proceeds to step S12.

  In step S11, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 executes normal energization control. Specifically, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 uses the accelerator 11 from data indicating the energization timing stored in the normal energization timing storage unit 23 (for example, the advance angle map, the energization angle map, and the return angle map). The data corresponding to the operation amount and the rotation number supplied from the rotation number detection processing unit 26 are read out and supplied to the energization timing output processing unit 24. The energization timing output processing unit 24 controls the drive circuit 25 based on the data supplied from the energization timing determination processing unit 21 and the rotational position of the rotor R supplied from the rotation sensor 40. The drive circuit 25 performs a switching operation based on the control of the energization timing output processing unit 24 and passes current through the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings. As a result, the SR motor 30 is driven according to the operation amount of the accelerator 11, and power is transmitted to the drive wheels of the vehicle.

  In step S12, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 determines, for example, whether or not the vehicle speed estimated from the rotation speed of the SR motor 30 or the vehicle speed estimated by the vehicle speed pulse is less than a predetermined threshold Th. If it is determined that it is less than the threshold Th (step S12: Yes), the process proceeds to step S13, and otherwise (step S12: No), the process ends. Specifically, if the vehicle speed is less than 20 km / h (= Th), the process proceeds to step S13, and otherwise, the process ends. Of course, other threshold values may be used.

  In step S13, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 executes sound generation energization control. Specifically, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 reads data indicating energization timing (for example, data indicating energization start timing and energization end timing) stored in the sound generation energization timing storage unit 22 and outputs an energization timing. Supply to the processing unit 24. The energization timing output processing unit 24 controls the drive circuit 25 based on the data supplied from the energization timing determination processing unit 21 and the rotational position of the rotor R supplied from the rotation sensor 40. The drive circuit 25 performs a switching operation based on the control of the energization timing output processing unit 24, and passes current through the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings at the timing shown in FIG. Thereby, each winding is energized according to the rotation of the rotor R, and a sound corresponding to the rotation speed is generated from the stator S.

  As described above, according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 5, when the accelerator is off and the vehicle speed is less than the predetermined threshold value Th, energization for generating sound is performed. When traveling at low speed with low noise generation (for example, traveling at less than 20 km / h), it is possible to generate a sound corresponding to the rotational speed of the rotor R from the SR motor 30. Thus, by generating a sound according to the rotational speed of the rotor R, it is possible to make a pedestrian or the like recognize the approach of the vehicle and to estimate to some extent how fast the vehicle is approaching. The person can be prompted to avoid the action as necessary. The reason why the sound generation energization is performed only when the accelerator is off is that the SR motor 30 normally operates when the accelerator is on, so that a certain amount of sound is generated.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, a description will be given of a process of executing the sound generation weak negative torque generation energization when the brake is operated. When this flowchart is started, the following steps are executed. In order to enable the operations of the following embodiments, the sound generation energization timing storage unit 22 shown in FIG. 1 stores information indicating the timing for generating the sound generation weak negative torque as shown in FIG. Is stored.

  In step S30, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 determines whether or not the accelerator 11 is in an off state (for example, a state in which the foot is released from the accelerator 11), and determines that the accelerator 11 is in an off state. If so (step S30: Yes), the process proceeds to step S32. Otherwise (step S30: No), the process proceeds to step S31. For example, if the foot is released from the accelerator 11, the process proceeds to step S32.

  In step S31, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 performs normal energization control. The details of this process are the same as in step S11 of FIG. 5, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In step S32, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 determines whether or not the brake 12 is turned on (operated). If it is determined that the brake 12 is turned on (step S32: Yes), the process proceeds to step S33. In (Step S32: No), the process ends. Specifically, if the brake is operated by a predetermined amount, the process proceeds to step S33, and otherwise the process is terminated.

  In step S33, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 executes a sound generation weak negative torque generation energization process. Specifically, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 generates data stored in the sound generation energization timing storage unit 22 while generating weak negative torque (for example, energization start timing and energization end). Timing data) is read out and supplied to the energization timing output processing unit 24. The energization timing output processing unit 24 controls the drive circuit 25 based on the data supplied from the energization timing determination processing unit 21 and the position of the rotor R supplied from the rotation sensor 40. The drive circuit 25 performs a switching operation based on the control of the energization timing output processing unit 24, and passes the current to the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings at the timing shown in FIG. . As a result, each winding is energized according to the rotation of the rotor R, and a sound corresponding to the rotational speed is generated from the stator S and a weak negative torque is generated.

  According to the above embodiment, for example, when the accelerator is turned off and the brake is turned on, a sound corresponding to the rotational speed of the SR motor 30 is generated and a weak negative torque is generated. Will occur. As a result, the approach of the vehicle can be recognized by a pedestrian or the like, and the vehicle is braked by the negative torque generated by the SR motor 30, and the time to stop can be shortened. Note that the energization amount to the winding may be controlled according to the operation amount of the brake. In this way, for example, when a sudden brake is applied, a large current may be passed to generate a louder sound and negative torque.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 7, a process for executing the sound generation weak positive torque generation energization when the accelerator is operated will be described. When this flowchart is started, the following steps are executed. In order to enable the operations of the following embodiments, it is assumed that the sound generation energization timing storage unit 22 shown in FIG. 1 stores information indicating the timing for generating the sound generating weak positive torque.

  In step S50, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 determines whether or not the accelerator 11 is on and the operation amount is less than the predetermined amount, and determines that the operation amount is less than the predetermined amount (step S50: If yes, the process proceeds to step S51. Otherwise (step S50: No), the process ends. For example, when the accelerator 11 is operated by a predetermined amount, the process proceeds to step S51.

  In step S51, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 determines whether or not the vehicle speed is less than the threshold value Th. If it is determined that the vehicle speed is less than Th (step S51: Yes), the process proceeds to step S52. In the case (step S51: No), the process ends. Specifically, if the vehicle speed is less than 20 km / h (= Th), the process proceeds to step S52, and otherwise the process ends.

  In step S52, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 executes a sound generation weak positive torque generation energization process. Specifically, the energization timing determination processing unit 21 is data indicating energization timing for generating a weak positive torque while generating sound stored in the sound generation energization timing storage unit 22 (for example, energization start timing and energization end). Timing data) is read out and supplied to the energization timing output processing unit 24. The energization timing output processing unit 24 controls the drive circuit 25 based on the data supplied from the energization timing determination processing unit 21 and the rotational position of the rotor R supplied from the rotation sensor 40. The drive circuit 25 performs a switching operation based on the control of the energization timing output processing unit 24, and passes the current to the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings at the timing shown in FIG. . Thereby, each winding is energized according to the rotation of the rotor R, and a sound corresponding to the rotation speed is generated from the stator S, and a weak positive torque is generated.

  According to the above embodiment, for example, when the accelerator is on and less than a predetermined operation amount and the vehicle speed is less than a predetermined threshold, a sound corresponding to the rotational speed of the SR motor 30 is generated. At the same time, a weak positive torque is generated. Thereby, while making a pedestrian etc. recognize the approach of a vehicle, a driving force is applied to a vehicle and a vehicle speed can be maintained, for example. Note that it is determined that the accelerator operation amount is less than the predetermined operation amount because, for example, when the accelerator is operated for rapid acceleration, a sound is generated by normal energization. This is because it is excluded. Further, the energization amount may be changed according to the operation amount of the accelerator, and a sound and a positive torque having a magnitude corresponding to the operation amount may be generated.

(C) Description of Modified Embodiment It goes without saying that the above embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to the case described above. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the SR motor 30 has been described with an example in which the stator salient poles are 6 poles and the rotor salient poles are 4 poles. However, other combinations may be used.

  In the above embodiment, in the energization shown in FIGS. 3G to 3I, the current is substantially constant during the energization, but the current can be changed with the passage of time. For example, in the case of FIG. 3G, the current may be maximized at a position where the stator salient pole and the rotor salient pole face each other, and may be increased or decreased otherwise. Further, the current may be controlled by, for example, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control instead of passing a constant current. Of course, the current that flows may be controlled according to the required loudness.

  Further, in the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the determination is made based on the comparison between the vehicle speed and the threshold value, but it is also possible to make the determination based on the rotation speed of the SR motor 30 instead of the vehicle speed.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the U phase is energized to generate sound has been described as an example. However, in reality, the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase are all energized. You can make a sound. In addition, it does not energize with respect to all the phases, For example, you may make it energize combining one or more of these (it energizes by carrying out thinning).

11 Accelerator 12 Brake 20 Control Device 21 Energized Timing Determination Processing Unit
22 sound generation energization timing storage unit 23 normal energization timing storage unit 24 energization timing output processing unit (control means)
25 Drive circuit (control means)
26 Rotational speed detection processing unit 30 SR motor 40 Rotation sensor

Claims (5)

In a control device for a switched reluctance motor that controls a switched reluctance motor mounted on a vehicle,
Determining means for determining whether or not energization for generating sound from the switched reluctance motor is performed according to the state of the vehicle;
When it is determined by the determination means that energization for generating sound is performed, the stator salient pole is energized by energizing the winding of the stator salient pole at an angle where the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole are substantially opposed to each other. Control means for performing control to generate distortion according to the rotational speed of the switched reluctance motor,
A control apparatus for a switched reluctance motor, comprising:   The control means controls the energization angle in the advance direction and the energization angle in the retard direction to be substantially the same when the angle at which the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole face each other is used as a reference. 2. The switched reluctance motor control device according to claim 1, wherein control is performed to generate sound while suppressing generation of torque. 3.   When the control means is based on the angle at which the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole face each other, by controlling the conduction angle in the advance direction to be larger than the conduction angle in the retard direction, 3. The switched reluctance motor control device according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed to generate a sound while generating a positive torque. 4.   When the control means is based on the angle at which the rotor salient pole and the stator salient pole face each other, by controlling so that the energization angle in the retard direction is larger than the energization angle in the advance direction, The control device for a switched reluctance motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein control for generating sound is performed while generating negative torque.   5. The switched device according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines that energization for generating a sound is necessary when the vehicle is less than a predetermined speed. 6. Control device for reluctance motor.