JP2013135023A - Concentrating solar power generation module, concentrating solar power generation panel, and printed wiring board array - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a structure suitable for easy manufacturing, cost reduction, and ensuring heat radiation performance for a substrate, on which power generation elements receiving concentrated solar light are mounted, and to provide a concentrating solar power generation module using the substrates.SOLUTION: A concentrating solar power generation module 1M includes: a housing 11 having a dish shape with a bottom surface 11a; a light concentrating part 13 attached to the housing 11 and formed by arranging multiple Fresnel lenses 13f concentrating solar light; and a printed wiring board array 12A where printed wiring boards 12, each of which is provided on the bottom surface 11a of the housing 11, and has power generation elements 121 mounted at positions corresponding to the multiple Fresnel lenses 13f in each small region formed by dividing the light concentrating part 13 into the multiple small regions, are arranged so as to correspond to all of the small regions in a matrix state and are electrically connected with each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to a concentrating photovoltaic power generation (CPV: Concentrated Photovoltaic) that generates power by concentrating sunlight on a power generation element.

  In the concentrating solar power generation, a small compound semiconductor element having a high power generation efficiency is used as a power generation element, and the structure in which sunlight condensed by a lens is made incident is basically used. By performing a tracking operation so that a concentrating solar power generation panel having a plurality of such basic configurations is always directed to the sun, desired generated power can be obtained. Specifically, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of electric power generating elements mounted on an insulating substrate such as ceramic with wiring are arranged at a light collecting position, and the generated power on each insulating substrate is collected by electric wires. (For example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

"Failure Modes of CPV Modules and How to Test for Them", [online], February 19, 2010, Emcore Corporation, [Search September 29, 2011], Internet <URL: http: //www1.eere .energy.gov / solar / pdfs / pvrw2010_aeby.pdf # search = 'emcore Pointfocus Fresnel Lens HCPV System'〉

  However, the conventional concentrating solar power generation panel as described above requires a large number of insulating substrates. When these many insulating substrates are arranged and connected to each other with electric wires, the number of manufacturing processes increases and it takes time. As a result, the manufacturing cost increases, and a product with a practically appropriate price cannot be obtained.

  On the other hand, if a very large single substrate is produced, the number of manufacturing processes is drastically reduced. However, since a photovoltaic power generation panel or a module that is a constituent unit of the module requires a large area, the substrate must be made considerably large. Don't be. However, manufacturing such a large substrate is difficult in terms of manufacturing technology. Moreover, since it is a board | substrate which mounts the power generation element which receives the sunlight which condenses, consideration to heat dissipation is also required. In the case of a large substrate, if there is warping or bending, it is not easy to fit the mounting surface exactly, so it is difficult to ensure heat dissipation.

As described above, it takes time to prepare a substrate for each power generating element and connect them to each other. On the other hand, it is difficult to make a large substrate in terms of manufacturing technology, and there is also a problem with heat dissipation. There is.
In view of such conventional problems, the present invention relates to a configuration of a substrate on which a power generating element that receives concentrated sunlight in concentrating solar power generation, manufacturing ease, cost reduction, and heat dissipation. An object is to realize a configuration suitable for securing.

  (1) A concentrating solar power generation module according to the present invention is a condensing unit in which a bowl-shaped housing having a bottom surface and a plurality of lens elements that are attached to the housing and collect sunlight are arranged side by side. And a printed wiring board provided with power generation elements at positions corresponding to a plurality of lens elements in each small region when the light collecting unit is divided into a plurality of small regions. The printed wiring board array is arranged in a matrix corresponding to the small area and is electrically connected to each other.

  In the concentrating solar power generation module configured as described above, a plurality of printed wiring boards on which a plurality of power generation elements are mounted are gathered and arranged in a matrix, thereby having substantially the same spread as a large substrate, Power generation elements corresponding to the total number of lens elements can be arranged. Since the circuit configuration can be completed on the substrate in each printed wiring board unit, the connection work between the plurality of printed wiring boards is much easier than in the case where there is a printed wiring board for each power generating element. Moreover, since each printed wiring board is easy to be along the bottom face of a housing | casing, it is easy to ensure heat dissipation.

(2) Further, in the concentrating solar power generation module of (1), a plurality of power generation elements on the printed wiring board are subjected to necessary interconnections by a conductive pattern provided on the printed wiring board. In addition, the connection between the two printed wiring boards connected to each other may be performed by a covered electric wire.
In this case, each printed wiring board unit has a circuit configuration including a plurality of power generation elements on the board, so the number of connection points between the plurality of printed wiring boards by the covered wire is greatly reduced, and the work is much easier. Become. Moreover, since the covered electric wire is flexible and easy to bend, high accuracy for electric wire connection is not necessary. Furthermore, the insulation with respect to a housing | casing is also easy by use of a covered electric wire. In addition, it is also easy to change the whole series-parallel connection form according to the way of connecting the covered wires.

(3) In the concentrating solar power generation module according to (1) or (2), a metal plate is bonded to the lower surface of the printed wiring board on the side opposite to the surface on which the power generation element is mounted. It may be a configuration.
In this case, the heat of the printed wiring board can be easily released to the housing via a metal plate (for example, an aluminum plate). Further, deformation of the printed wiring board can be suppressed.

(4) Moreover, in the concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of (1) to (3), it is preferable that the bottom surface and the printed wiring board are formed with portions that fit each other for positioning. .
In this case, it is easy to position the printed wiring board at a predetermined position on the bottom surface.

(5) Moreover, in the concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of (1) to (4), the housing is preferably made of metal.
In this case, since the casing has good thermal conductivity, heat dissipation from the printed wiring board is particularly good.

(6) In the concentrating solar power generation module according to (5), the housing is preferably made of aluminum.
In this case, the casing is lightweight, and the entire concentrating solar power generation module is also lightweight.

(7) In the concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of (1) to (4), the casing may be made of resin.
In this case, the casing is particularly lightweight, and the entire concentrating solar power generation module is particularly lightweight. In addition, even if it is resin, since there exists thermal conductivity, fixed heat dissipation is obtained. In particular, a resin to which an insulating filler having high thermal conductivity (for example, alumina, silica, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, or the like) is added is preferable because it has excellent thermal conductivity and improved heat dissipation.

(8) Further, in the concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of the above (1) to (7), a secondary that is provided on the power generation element and collects sunlight incident from each of the lens elements on the power generation element. A condensing part may be provided.
In this case, since the degree of light collection can be further increased by the secondary light collecting unit, the power generation element can be further reduced.

(9) On the other hand, the concentrating solar power generation panel of the present invention is formed by assembling a plurality of concentrating solar power generation modules according to any one of the above (1) to (8).
Thereby, a desired output (rated output) can be secured as the power generation panel.

(10) Further, the present invention when the concentrating photovoltaic power generation module of (1) is viewed as an invention of a printed wiring board array includes a container-like housing having a bottom surface and the housing. A printed wiring board array provided on the bottom surface for a concentrating solar power generation module including a condensing unit formed by arranging a plurality of lens elements that condense sunlight.
When the light condensing part is divided into a plurality of small areas, printed wiring boards each equipped with a power generation element at a position corresponding to a plurality of lens elements in each small area are arranged in a matrix corresponding to all the small areas And are electrically connected to each other.

  According to the concentrating solar power generation module, the concentrating solar power generation panel, or the printed wiring board array of the present invention, a substrate configuration suitable for ease of manufacturing, cost reduction, and heat dissipation is realized. can do.

It is a perspective view showing an example of a concentrating solar power generation device including a concentrating solar power generation panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view (partially broken) which expands and shows a concentrating solar power generation module concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the printed wiring board array in the housing | casing in FIG. 2 from the front. It is a figure which expands and shows the arbitrary printed wiring boards of the 2nd step and the 3rd step in FIG. It is a figure which shows the optical positional relationship of the Fresnel lens and electric power generation element in a module with an example of sectional drawings, such as a printed wiring board. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which a receiver in which a lens as a secondary condensing unit and a power generation element are packaged together is mounted as a modification of FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which a receiver in which a light guide unit as a secondary condensing unit and a power generation element are packaged as a package is mounted as a modification of FIG. 5.

《Concentrated solar power generation device / Concentrated solar power generation panel》
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a concentrating solar power generation apparatus including a concentrating solar power generation panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a concentrating solar power generation apparatus 100 includes a concentrating solar power generation panel 1, a support 2 that supports the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 at the center of the back surface, and a gantry 3 to which the support 2 is attached. The concentrating solar power generation panel 1 includes, for example, 62 concentrating solar power generation modules 1M (vertical 7 × horizontal 9-1), excluding the central portion for connection with the support column 2, vertically and horizontally. Become. The rated output of one concentrating solar power generation module 1M is about 120 W, for example, and the entire concentrating solar power generation panel 1 has a rated output of about 7.5 kW. The gantry 3 can be rotated around the column 2 by a rotation mechanism (not shown), and the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 can be tracked so as to always face the sun.

《Concentrated solar power generation module》
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view (partially broken) showing a concentrating solar power generation module (hereinafter also simply referred to as a module) 1M according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the module 1M includes a container-like (bat-shaped) housing 11 having a bottom surface 11a, a plurality of printed wiring boards 12 provided on the bottom surface 11a, and a flange 11b of the housing 11 like a lid. And a light collecting unit 13 attached thereto. The housing 11 is made of, for example, metal, and aluminum is preferable. By being made of metal, the housing 11 has good thermal conductivity. Therefore, the heat dissipation from the printed wiring board 12 to the housing 11 is particularly good.

  The light condensing unit 13 is a Fresnel lens array, and a plurality of Fresnel lenses 13f as lens elements for condensing sunlight are formed in a matrix (for example, 192 in the length 16 × width 12). Each Fresnel lens 13f forms a square effective condensing region. Such a condensing part 13 can use a glass plate as a base material and a silicone resin film formed on the back surface (inside) thereof, for example. The Fresnel lens is formed on this resin film. A connector 14 for taking out the output of the module 1M is provided on the outer surface of the housing 11.

  In the printed wiring board 12, a plurality of (here, eight) power generation elements (solar cells) 121 are mounted on a substrate 12s. In the illustrated example, the printed wiring board 12 includes a total of 24 printed wiring boards 12 in a matrix form of 4 vertical x 6 horizontal, forming a printed wiring board array 12A. The total number of power generating elements 121 is 24 × 8, which is 192. That is, the number is the same as that of the Fresnel lens 13f of the light collecting unit 13, and the power generation element 121 is provided on the optical axis corresponding to the Fresnel lens 13f.

  FIG. 3 is a view of the printed wiring board array 12A in the housing 11 as viewed from the front. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of, for example, the second and third arbitrary printed wiring boards 12 in FIG. The first and fourth printed wiring boards 12 in FIG. 3 are the same except for the connection form of the covered wires.

  First, in FIG. 4, a printed wiring board 12 is, for example, a glass epoxy resin substrate (insulating base material) 12 s and a conductive (copper) pattern 12 p (12p 0 to 12 p 9) formed on the substrate by etching or the like. ), Eight power generating elements 121, and eight bypass diodes 122 are main components.

  The vertical and horizontal distances between the centers of the power generation elements 121 coincide with the vertical and horizontal center distances of the Fresnel lens 13 f in the light collecting unit 13. That is, the optical axis of each Fresnel lens 13 f intersects the center of the corresponding power generation element 121. The pattern 12p is divided into 10 regions (12p0 to 12p9), and a power generating element 121 and a bypass diode 122 are provided so as to connect two adjacent regions for each of the left and right halves. It has been. Thus, the four left power generation elements 121 are connected in series with each other. The four power generating elements 121 on the right side are also connected to each other in series.

  The pattern 12p0 and the pattern 12p9 and the pattern 12p4 and the pattern 12p5 are not connected. A terminal 123L and a terminal 123R are attached to the pattern 12p0 and the pattern 12p9, respectively. The covered wires 124L and 124R are connected to the terminals 123L and 123R by screws. Further, a terminal 125L and a terminal 125R are attached to the pattern 12p4 and the pattern 12p5, respectively. The covered wires 126L and 126R are connected to the terminals 125L and 125R by screws, respectively.

  The bypass diode 122 is connected in parallel with the corresponding power generation element 121 to form a current bypass. The bypass diode 125 serves to short-circuit adjacent patterns when the power generation element 121 does not generate power. Thus, even if there is a power generation element 121 that does not generate power locally, power generation as the printed wiring board 12 and further power generation as the entire printed wiring board array 12A are not hindered.

  Returning to FIG. 3, paying attention to the printed wiring boards 12 in a vertical row (four sheets), the left 16 power generating elements 121 in each printed wiring board 12 are all connected in series, and the right 16 power generating elements. 121 are all connected in series. The output voltage of one power generating element 121 is, for example, 2.5 V, and a total of 12 series circuits with an output voltage of 40 V (= 2.5 V × 16) are formed by the above series connection. In these 12 series circuits, the plus side and the minus side are connected in parallel to each other by the covered wires 127P and 127N as the connecting wires. Accordingly, if the printed wiring board array 12A as a whole has, for example, output lines 128P and 128N at the upper right and lower left, it is possible to provide 12 parallel outputs of 40V from the output lines, and as a whole 1 module 1M. , 120W (3A) can be supplied.

  The 24 printed wiring boards 12 in FIG. 3 correspond to 24 small regions of the light collecting unit 13 that are directly above each. In other words, when the condensing part 13 is divided into 24 small areas corresponding to the printed wiring board 12, the printed wiring board in which the power generating elements 121 are mounted at positions corresponding to the eight Fresnel lenses 13f in each small area. 12 are arranged in a matrix corresponding to all the small regions of the light collecting unit 13.

  In the concentrating solar power generation module 1M configured as described above, a plurality of printed wiring boards 12 (24 in this example) on which a plurality of (eight in this example) power generating elements 121 are mounted gather to form a matrix. The power generating elements 121 having substantially the same extent as the large substrate and corresponding to the total number of Fresnel lenses 13f can be arranged at equal intervals. Since each printed wiring board 12 remains in an appropriate size, it is easy to follow the bottom surface 11a of the housing 11 and to ensure heat dissipation.

In each printed wiring board 12 unit, circuit connection can be completed through a pattern formed on the substrate. Therefore, compared to the case where there is a printed wiring board for each power generating element, a connection between a plurality of printed wiring boards 12 is possible. Work becomes much easier. Further, since the covered electric wire is flexible and easy to bend, high accuracy for connecting the wires (for example, manufacturing the positions of the terminals 123L, 123R, 125L, and 125R with high accuracy) is unnecessary. Furthermore, the insulation with respect to the housing | casing 11 is easy by use of a covered electric wire. In addition, it is also easy to change the whole series-parallel connection form to the form different from FIG. 3 by the method of connecting a covered wire.
In this way, it is possible to realize a substrate configuration suitable for ease of manufacture, cost reduction, and heat dissipation.

  In FIG. 4, the printed wiring board 12 has holes 12h formed in two places. On the other hand, two protrusions 11 p are formed on the bottom surface of the housing 11 for each printed wiring board 12. Then, the printed wiring board 12 can be easily positioned at a predetermined position by attaching the printed wiring board 12 so as to fit the protrusions 11p and the holes 12h. In addition, this fitting structure is an example, and, in short, it is only necessary that a portion that fits between the bottom surface 11a and the printed wiring board 12 is formed.

  A metal plate 129 such as an aluminum plate is bonded to the entire surface (excluding the holes 12h) of the printed wiring board 12 with respect to the surface on which the power generation element 121 is provided. By providing the metal plate 129 in this way, the heat of the printed wiring board 12 can be easily released to the housing 11 via the metal plate 129. Further, the metal plate 129 contributes to prevention of deformation of the printed wiring board 12.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an optical positional relationship between the Fresnel lens 13f and the power generation element 121 in the module 1M together with an example of a cross-sectional view of the printed wiring board 12 and the like. This cross section corresponds to the cross section in the horizontal direction in FIG. In the printed wiring board 12, a pattern 12p is formed on a substrate 12s, and a power generation element 121 and a bypass diode 122 are mounted thereon. Further, a cover lay 12c made of insulating resin is deposited on the pattern 12p excluding the power generation element 121 and the bypass diode 122 by thermal welding or the like. A metal plate 129 is bonded to the lower surface of the substrate 12s, and the metal plate 129 is in close contact with the bottom surface 11a of the housing 11.

  The power generating element 121 directly receives the light condensing by the Fresnel lens 13f, but a secondary condensing part when the Fresnel lens 13f is a primary condensing part may be provided so as to be combined with the power generating element 121. it can.

  For example, FIG. 6 is an example in which a receiver 12R in which a lens 12a as a secondary condensing unit and a power generation element 121 are packaged together is mounted. On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows an example in which a receiver 12R in which a light guide part 12b as a secondary light collecting part and a power generation element 121 are packaged together is mounted. The light guide unit 12 b has a funnel shape and guides light to the power generation element 121 by reflection on the inner surface. By providing such a lens 12a or a light guide portion 12b, the light condensing degree can be increased, so that the power generation element can be further reduced. Since power generation elements are expensive, it is highly practical to make them smaller. In addition, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of light due to the shift of the condensing position.

  In the above embodiment, the covered electric wires (124L, 124R, 126L, 126R, 127P, 127N) are used for the connection between the printed wiring boards 12. The covered electric wire is suitable because it is easy to ensure mutual insulation and insulation with the housing 11 and is inexpensive. However, a conductor connection piece may be used instead of the covered electric wire. In the case of a conductor connection piece, in order to ensure insulation from the metal casing 11, it is necessary to consider such as applying an insulating coating.

  In the above embodiment, the casing 11 is made of metal. However, the casing 11 is not limited to metal, and can be made of resin. In this case, the casing 11 is particularly lightweight, and the entire concentrating solar power generation module 1M is particularly lightweight. In addition, even if it is resin, since there exists thermal conductivity, fixed heat dissipation is obtained. In particular, a resin to which an insulating filler having high thermal conductivity (for example, alumina, silica, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, or the like) is added is preferable because it has excellent thermal conductivity and improved heat dissipation. In addition, by applying a metal coating to the surface of the resin, the thermal conductivity of the surface can be increased to the same level as that of a metal.

  In each of the above embodiments, the Fresnel lens 13 f is used as the lens element of the light collecting unit 13. Fresnel lenses are suitable because they are lightweight and easy to manufacture. However, it is also possible to use a lens such as glass instead of the Fresnel lens.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concentration type photovoltaic power generation panel 1M Concentration type photovoltaic power generation module 11 Case 11a Bottom surface 11p Protrusion 12 Printed wiring board 12A Printed wiring board array 12a Lens (secondary condensing part)
12b Light guiding part (secondary condensing part)
12p (12p0-12p9) Pattern 12h Hole 13 Condensing part 13f Fresnel lens (lens element)
121 Power generation element 124L, 124R Covered wire 126L, 126R Covered wire 127P, 127N Covered wire

Claims (10)

A vessel-shaped housing having a bottom surface;
A light collecting part attached to the housing and formed with a plurality of lens elements that collect sunlight; and
A printed wiring board provided on the bottom surface and mounted with a power generation element at a position corresponding to a plurality of lens elements in each small area when the light collecting unit is divided into a plurality of small areas is provided in all the small areas. Correspondingly arranged in a matrix, and a printed wiring board array that is electrically connected to each other, a concentrating solar power generation module.   The plurality of power generating elements on the printed wiring board are subjected to necessary interconnections by conductive patterns provided on the printed wiring board, and the connection between the two printed wiring boards connected to each other is a covered electric wire. The concentrating solar power generation module according to claim 1, which is performed by:   The concentrating solar power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a metal plate is bonded to a lower surface of the printed wiring board on a side opposite to a surface on which the power generation element is mounted.   The concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bottom surface and the printed wiring board are formed with portions that are fitted to each other for positioning.   The concentrating solar power generation module according to claim 1, wherein the housing is made of metal.   The concentrating solar power generation module according to claim 5, wherein the casing is made of aluminum.   The concentrating solar power generation module according to claim 1, wherein the housing is made of resin.   The concentrating type according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a secondary condensing unit that is provided on the power generation element and collects sunlight incident from each of the lens elements on the power generation element. Solar power module.   A concentrating solar power generation panel formed by assembling a plurality of concentrating solar power generation modules according to claim 1. For a concentrating solar power generation module comprising a vessel-shaped housing having a bottom surface and a condensing unit attached to the housing and formed with a plurality of lens elements that condense sunlight. A printed wiring board array provided on the bottom surface,
When the light condensing part is divided into a plurality of small areas, printed wiring boards each equipped with a power generation element at a position corresponding to a plurality of lens elements in each small area are arranged in a matrix corresponding to all the small areas Printed wiring board array, wherein the printed wiring board array is electrically connected to each other.

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