JP2013130460A - Light measurement apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light measurement apparatus capable of downsizing the whole apparatus by integrating an ultraviolet ray receiving part and a light quantity measuring instrument without using an optical fiber and capable of visually analyzing an arc light generation state.SOLUTION: A light measurement apparatus includes: light selection means 10 for capturing light from a light generation source and selecting light of a specific wavelength; a photoelectric sensor 11 (photoelectric converter) for converting light selected by the light selection means 10 into an electric signal; a camera 12 for continuously photographing images of the light generation source; and data processing means 13 (image recording part) for recording images photographed by the camera 12 over a predetermined time before and after light detection by the photoelectric sensor 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a light measurement device that detects a pantograph line breakage using arc light generated when the pantograph line is separated from a trolley line. In particular, the present invention relates to a technique capable of downsizing the entire apparatus and visually analyzing the generation state of arc light.

In an electric railway, electric power is sent from a substation through a trolley line to a vehicle sliding board and pantograph. When the train is running, if the contact between the trolley wire and the sliding plate is damaged (there is a separation line), arc discharge occurs at the separation line.
Since this arc discharge causes noise, trolley wire, and wear of the sliding plate, it is preferable to prevent the arc discharge from occurring as much as possible. It is necessary to take.

As a technique for detecting this arc discharge, a pantograph line break detection device disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is provided.
These pantograph line-separation detectors shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are an ultraviolet light receiving unit installed in the vicinity of the pantograph, and a light quantity measurement that is arranged inside the vehicle and measures the amount of light received by the ultraviolet light receiving unit. And a plastic optical fiber for transmitting the light received by the ultraviolet light receiving unit to the light quantity measuring device.
The ultraviolet light receiving unit includes a filter that transmits an ultraviolet light component having a predetermined wavelength or less of arc light, and a fluorescent glass that converts the ultraviolet light that has passed through the filter into visible light.

  In the pantograph separation detector, the ultraviolet light receiving unit removes a non-ultraviolet light component having a predetermined wavelength or more by the filter, thereby converting the ultraviolet light contained in the arc light to sunlight. Transmits at a high rate. Thereafter, the ultraviolet light is converted into visible light by the fluorescent glass, and then transmitted to the light quantity measuring device via the plastic optical fiber.

JP 2009-183088 A JP 2010-233391 A

By the way, in the pantograph disconnection detector configured as described above, the ultraviolet light received by the ultraviolet light receiving unit is transmitted to the light amount measuring device through the plastic optical fiber, so that there is a problem that the device is enlarged. .
In addition, the above-described pantograph line-separation detector can detect the presence and amount of arc and the amount of arc generated, but cannot visually analyze the state of arc generation, and improvements have been expected in this respect.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in size by integrating the ultraviolet light receiving unit and the light amount measuring device without using an optical fiber. Another object of the present invention is to provide a light measuring device capable of visually analyzing the generation state of arc light.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The present invention includes a light selection unit that takes in light from a light generation source and selects light of a specific wavelength, a photoelectric converter that converts light passing through the light selection unit into an electrical signal, and an image of the light generation source And a video recording unit that records video taken by the photo shooter for at least a predetermined time before and after light detection by the photoelectric converter. To do.

According to the present invention, the light selection means takes in the light from the light generation source and selects light of a specific wavelength, and then the photoelectric converter converts the light that has passed through the light selection means into an electrical signal. . Specifically, the light selection means captures an arc generated at the contact portion between the pantograph and the overhead wire as a light generation source, removes non-ultraviolet components of a predetermined wavelength or more, and then converts ultraviolet light into visible light. Thereafter, the light that has passed through the light selection means is immediately converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric converter. As a result, there is no need to connect the light selecting means and the light quantity measuring device with an optical fiber as in the conventional case, and the entire apparatus can be miniaturized. Furthermore, by arranging the light selection means, the photoelectric converter, the photographing device, and the video recording unit on the roof of the railway vehicle, it is possible to reduce the man-hours required for attachment to the railway vehicle itself.

  Furthermore, a camera that continuously captures the image of the light source and a video recording unit that records the image captured by the camera for a predetermined time before and after arc detection by the photoelectric converter are provided. Therefore, by viewing the image recorded in the video recording unit at the time of arc detection, it is possible to analyze the light generation state, and it is possible to finely modify the overhead line and the track based on the analysis result.

  Further, by providing a calculation means for detecting the wear of the pantograph and estimating the life of the pantograph based on the integrated value of the arc detection amount, it is possible to clearly know the maintenance time of the pantograph.

  Further, if a position measuring means such as GPS for continuously measuring the position of the vehicle is provided and an image corresponding to the position measured by the position measuring means is recorded by the image recording unit, the position is recorded. It is possible to accurately match the image and the position of the overhead line and the track where the arc is generated, and it is possible to correct the above-described overhead line and the track accurately.

  Further, the light selection means captures light generated by the combustion of the material constituting each part of the railway vehicle, and the photographing machine continuously captures images of a predetermined part of the vehicle where the material is used. For example, it is possible to constantly monitor places such as the vicinity of a bearing of a carriage, where a fire is likely to occur in a railway vehicle, and it is possible to perform high safety management of the vehicle.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the optical measurement apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows arrangement | positioning of the light selection means and imaging device which were installed in the vehicle body upper part. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a photon detection means. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a light selection means. It is a graph which shows the spectrum distribution of the arc light which arises by a separation line, and the spectrum distribution of sunlight. It is a graph which shows the transmittance | permeability of the filter with respect to the wavelength of an ultraviolet-ray. It is a block diagram which shows the data processor of a light measuring device. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the optical measurement apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

[Embodiment 1]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining a light measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the entire apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the arrangement, FIG. 3 is a view showing the light detection means, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the light selection means.

  1 and 2, the light measuring device denoted by reference numeral 1 is installed in the vicinity of the pantograph P on the upper surface of the vehicle V, and generates arc light generated by the separation between the sliding plate S and the trolley line L of the pantograph P. A light selection means 10 to be taken in, a photoelectric sensor (photoelectric converter) 11 which is arranged in the vicinity of the light selection means 10 and converts light passing through the light selection means 10 into an electric signal, and a pantograph provided in the vicinity of the pantograph P It is composed of a photographing device 12 for photographing light generated by the separation of the P sliding plate S and the trolley line L, and a data processing device 13 for capturing and processing signals output from the photoelectric sensor 11 and the photographing device 12. ing.

  Here, the signals output from the photoelectric sensor 11 and the photographing machine 12 are taken into the data processing device 13 through the signal cables 14 and 15. The light selection means 10 and the photoelectric sensor (photoelectric converter) 11 constitute a light detection means 16, both of which are shown in FIG. It is fixed to.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the light selection means 10 is accommodated in the cylindrical case 20 and the cylindrical case 20, removes non-ultraviolet light, and selectively transmits ultraviolet light in a specific wavelength region. The interference filter 21 on the light receiving side is directed to the contact portion between the sliding plate S and the overhead line L of the pantograph P that serves as a light generation source.
The interference filter 21 is located on the light incident side of the cylindrical case 20, and the fluorescent glass 22 is located on the light emitting side of the cylindrical case 20. At both ends so as to sandwich the interference filter 21 and the fluorescent glass 22, A protective quartz glass 23 is disposed.

In addition, the quartz glass 23, the interference filter 21, and the fluorescent glass 22 are closely adhered and protected between the quartz glass 23 and the protrusion 20 </ b> A formed at the end of the cylindrical case 20, and externally. An O-ring 24 for preventing moisture from entering is provided.
Further, the photoelectric sensor 11 is disposed in the proximity position on the light emission side of the light selection means 10 and converts the light passing through the light selection means 10 into an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of light.

The configuration of the light selection means 10 will be described in detail.
The interference filter 21 is for allowing only the ultraviolet light component shorter than the predetermined wavelength to pass through while blocking sunlight. The wavelength is determined by the material of the sliding plate of the pantograph P, but in this example, the ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 200 to 230 nm, which is shorter than the mercury lamp, is selected and used.
The reason why ultraviolet rays having a wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm are selected by the interference filter 21 is that this wavelength band is included in many arcs, and sunlight that causes disturbance and ultraviolet rays other than the arcs. The purpose is to eliminate the influence of (ultraviolet light from fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps, signal lights). In particular, LED lighting is used for signal lights, mercury lamps are used for indoor lighting, and fluorescent lamps are used for lighting in tunnels. Of these, mercury lamps emit a lot of ultraviolet radiation. Yes, because it contains ultraviolet rays of 253.7 nm and 365 nm.

  On the other hand, the ultraviolet rays contained in the arc of arc are shown in FIG. 5 “Spectrum distribution of arc light generated by the arc of separation (◇ indicates the case of using a Shinkansen sliding plate, Δ indicates the case of using a conventional line sliding plate. ), And the spectral distribution of sunlight (indicated by □), it can be seen that there is a peak in the wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm regardless of which sliding plate is used. On the basis of the above, the above-mentioned interference filter 21 selects the ultraviolet light having a wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm. That is, in the interference filter 21 of this example for selecting ultraviolet rays, as shown in FIG. 6, the transmission of the interference filter 21 with respect to the wavelength of ultraviolet rays is set to a wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm. Further, the interference filter 21 transmits ultraviolet light in a wavelength band having a half width (206 to 226 nm) in which the peak is halved, and reliably extracts only ultraviolet light of arc light generated by separation. Also good.

The fluorescent glass 22 is for converting light in the ultraviolet region that has passed through the interference filter 21 into visible light that can be detected by the photoelectric sensor 11. The visible light detected by the photoelectric sensor 11 becomes an electric signal indicating arc detection data, and is supplied to the data processing device 13 through the signal cable 14.
Such a fluorescent glass 22 is a glass in which a large amount of rare earth ions that become fluorescently active ions are contained in the glass. For example, when the rare earth ion is trivalent terbium, it emits green fluorescence (wavelength 540 nm) when excited with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 to 390 nm, and when trivalent europium is excited with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 to 420 nm, red In the case of divalent europium, it emits blue fluorescence (wavelength 410 nm) when excited with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm ("Development of fluorescent glass" Sawato adults (Sumitomo Optical Glass Co., Ltd.) ), Material Integration VOL.17, No.3 (2004)).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the photographing machine 12 is provided in the vicinity of the pantograph P so as to be in parallel with the light selection means 10, and has a sliding plate S and an overhead line L of the pantograph P serving as a light generation source. It is arrange | positioned so that a contact part may be photoed. The image photographed by the photographing machine 12 is supplied to the data processing device 13 via the signal cable 15 as image data.
Further, on the upper surface of the vehicle V, a position measuring means 30 such as GPS for continuously measuring the position of the vehicle V is provided. Then, the position data of the vehicle V detected by the position measuring means 30 is supplied to the data processing device 13 through the signal cable 31 in the same manner.

Next, the data processing device 13 will be described with reference to FIG.
This data processing device 13 is inputted with arc detection data detected by the photoelectric sensor 11 of the light detection means 16, image data picked up by the image pickup device 12, and position data detected by the position measurement means 30, respectively. Then, the following processes (1) and (3) are performed.

  When the arc detection data is output from the photoelectric sensor 11, the image data from the image pickup device 12 is recorded at a certain time before and after the detection time of the arc detection data (for example, about 10 seconds before and after). Note that the image pickup device 12 is constantly shooting the pantograph P, and the data processing device 13 continuously captures and stores the image data from the image pickup device 12 and then overwrites the old image data sequentially. As a result, images for a fixed time are always temporarily stored. For this reason, when the arc detection data is output from the photoelectric sensor 11, it is possible to read and record the image data of the image pickup device 12 from the detection time of the arc detection data to the past. Then, the arc detection data from the photoelectric sensor 11 and the image data of the imaging device 12 at a fixed time before and after the detection time of the arc detection data are stored together in the data storage means 13A in the data processing device 13. Note that all image data may be stored by the storage capacity of the data storage means 13A.

(2) The position data detected by the position measuring means 30 is always taken into the data processing device 13, and the position data at the time of detection of the arc detection data of (1) above is combined with the image data of the image pickup device 12 together. The data is stored in the data storage means 13A in the data processing device 13. That is, the arc occurrence point of the overhead line L is specified by associating the position data with the image data taken when the arc light is detected.

(3) Based on the arc detection data output from the photoelectric sensor 11, an integrated value of the arc detection amount is calculated. This integrated value is stored in the data storage means 13A, updated according to the travel distance of the vehicle V, and compared with a preset value to determine the wear of the pantograph P. The pantograph P It is possible to estimate the lifetime of

  The data processing device 13 is provided with an operation means 13B and a display means 13C. Based on an instruction from the operation means 13B, arc detection data and images stored in the data storage means 13A in the data processing device 13 are provided. Data and position data are read and the display means 13C is displayed.

  In the light measuring device 1 configured as described above, the ultraviolet rays received by the light selection means 10 are in a wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm, which is contained in a large amount of arcs by the interference filter 21 in the light selection means 10. Only ultraviolet light is selected. Thereafter, the ultraviolet light component in the wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm that has passed through the interference filter 21 is converted into visible light by the fluorescent glass 22 located on the rear side of the interference filter 21 and then detected by the photoelectric sensor 11. That is, in the pantograph P separation detection method shown in the present embodiment, the separation of the pantograph P is detected by selecting and measuring ultraviolet light having a shorter wavelength than the mercury lamp (ultraviolet light in the wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm). In the arc light generated by the separation of the trolley line L and the sliding plate S by eliminating the influence of ultraviolet rays from various disturbance lights such as mercury lamps, other fluorescent lamps, and signal lights, which are installed most frequently on the route. Only ultraviolet light can be detected reliably. As a result, it is possible to detect the separation of the pantograph P with high detection accuracy.

  Further, in the light measurement apparatus 1, the photoelectric sensor 11 converts visible light output from the light selection means 10 into an electrical signal. Specifically, the light selection means 10 takes in arc light generated at the contact portion between the pantograph P serving as a light generation source and the trolley wire L, removes non-ultraviolet components having a predetermined wavelength or more, and then emits ultraviolet rays. The light is converted into visible light, and then the light that has passed through the light selection means 10 is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric sensor 11. As a result, there is no need to connect the light selecting means 10 and the light quantity measuring device with an optical fiber as in the prior art, and the overall size of the apparatus can be reduced.

As described above in detail, in the light measurement device 1 shown in the first embodiment, the photoelectric sensor 11 disposed in the vicinity of the light selection unit 10 electrically converts the visible light output from the light selection unit 10 into electricity. Since the signal is converted into a signal, it is not necessary to connect the light selecting means 10 and the light quantity measuring device with an optical fiber as in the prior art, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, the camera 12 that continuously captures the image of the light source, and data that records the image captured by the camera 12 in the data storage means 13A for a predetermined time before and after arc detection by the photoelectric sensor 11. Since the processing means 13 is provided, the generation state of the light can be visually analyzed by viewing the image recorded in the data storage means 13A at the time of arc detection. Based on the analysis result, the overhead line L In addition, it is possible to finely modify the track.

Further, by providing the data processing means 13 for detecting the wear of the pantograph P and estimating the life of the pantograph P based on the integrated value of the arc detection amount, the maintenance time of the pantograph P can be clearly known.
Further, a position measuring means 30 such as GPS for continuously measuring the position of the vehicle V is provided, and an image corresponding to the position measured by the position measuring means 30 is recorded in the data storage means 13A of the data processing means 13. By doing so, it is possible to accurately match the recorded image with the position of the overhead line L and the track where the arc is generated, and it is possible to accurately correct the overhead line L and the track described above.

In the above-described embodiment, the arc generated by the separation between the sliding plate S of the pantograph P and the trolley line L is detected by the light detection means 16. The light generated by the combustion of the material constituting each part may be captured, and the image of the predetermined part of the vehicle V in which the material is used may be continuously photographed by the photographing machine 12.
For example, the light detection means 16 and the photographing device 12 of the light measurement device 1 according to the present invention are arranged toward a location such as a vicinity of a bearing of a carriage where a fire is likely to occur in the vehicle V, and the location is constantly monitored. Thus, it becomes possible to perform high safety management of the vehicle V.

  Further, the current position data indicating the traveling position of the vehicle V is calculated by measuring pulses output from the speed generator according to the number of rotations of the wheels in addition to being measured by the position measuring means 30 such as GPS. May be. In addition to this, the distance may be integrated by integrating the speed or by detecting or counting a target ground element provided along the route.

[Embodiment 2]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The light measuring device 1 shown in the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a line-break arc is used to completely eliminate the influence of ultraviolet rays other than the line-break arc (ultraviolet rays from a fluorescent lamp, a mercury lamp, and a signal lamp). In other respects, ultraviolet light reception at a position where there is an influence of ultraviolet light is stopped, and the rest of the configuration is the same as in the first embodiment.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, data collating means indicated by reference numeral 40 is provided, and in this data collating means 40, current position data indicating the traveling position of the vehicle V, and disturbance light stored in advance are stored. The reference position data indicating the affected position is collated, and based on the collation result, the light selecting means 10 of the light detecting means 16 at the point affected by the disturbance light with respect to the data processing means 13 described above. A control signal that causes the photoelectric sensor 11 not to measure the output light is output.

  In addition, the reference position data indicating the position affected by the disturbance light stored in advance corresponds to the illumination installation position on the route. Further, the current position data indicating the travel position of the vehicle V is calculated by measuring pulses output from the speed generator 41 according to the number of rotations of the wheels, in addition to being measured by the position measuring means 30 such as GPS. You may do it. Other than this, the speed can be integrated or the distance can be integrated by detecting or counting the target ground element provided along the route.

In the second embodiment, the light selection means 10 of the light detection means 16 is provided with the interference filter 21 for selecting ultraviolet rays in the wavelength band of 200 to 230 nm. However, the interference filter 21 has a half peak. It is also possible to select ultraviolet rays in a wavelength band having a half width (206 to 226 nm).
And when the interference filter 21 which selects the ultraviolet-ray of the wavelength range of 200-230 nm or 206-226 nm is provided in the light selection means 10 here, the influence of disturbance light including the mercury lamp with the largest installation number is exerted. This can be reliably eliminated, and pantograph separation detection with higher accuracy can be performed.

As described in detail above, in the light measurement device 1 shown in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the photoelectric sensor 11 arranged in the proximity of the light selection means 10 of the light detection means 16 Since the visible light output from the light selection means 10 is converted into an electrical signal, there is no need to connect the light selection means 10 and the light amount measuring device with an optical fiber as in the prior art, and the overall size of the apparatus is reduced. Can be achieved.
Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment, based on the data which show the running position of the vehicle V, the output light from the light selection means 10 is not measured with the photoelectric sensor 11 in the location which receives the influence of disturbance light, and disturbance light By detecting the separation of the pantograph only at a point that is not affected by the influence of ultraviolet rays from various disturbance lights such as mercury lamps, other fluorescent lamps, and signal lights, the separation of the trolley line L and the sliding plate S Only ultraviolet light in the generated arc light can be reliably detected. As a result, it is possible to obtain an effect of enabling detection of a pantograph line separation with high detection accuracy.

  In the second embodiment, the data collating unit 40 uses the data indicating the travel position of the vehicle V to make the light selection unit 10 200 not only measure ultraviolet rays at a point affected by ambient light, By selectively providing the interference filter 21 that selects ultraviolet rays in the wavelength band of ~ 230 nm or 206 to 226 nm, it becomes possible to more reliably eliminate the influence of ambient light including mercury lamps with the largest number of installations. .

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, the concrete structure is not restricted to this embodiment, The design change etc. of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention are included.

  In the first and second embodiments, the data acquired by the photoelectric sensor and the photographing device is supplied to the data processing means in the vehicle and displayed by operating the operating means connected to the data processing means as necessary. However, if it is not necessary to display data in real time, the data processing means may be provided on the roof together with the photoelectric sensor and the photographing machine. That is, the data processing means including the data storage means is provided on the roof together with the photoelectric sensor and the photographing machine, and the data acquired by the photoelectric sensor and the photographing machine is supplied to the data processing means via the interface means, and the data storage means The stored arc detection data and image data may be read out as necessary. With this configuration, the signal cables 14 and 15 for connecting the photoelectric sensor on the roof and the photographing machine required for the first and second embodiments to the data processing means are omitted, and the configuration of the apparatus is simplified. be able to.

  The present invention relates to a light measurement device that detects a pantograph line breakage using arc light generated when the pantograph line is separated from a trolley line. In particular, the present invention relates to a technique capable of downsizing the entire apparatus and visually analyzing the generation state of arc light.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light measuring device 10 Light selection means 11 Photoelectric sensor (photoelectric converter)
12 photographing machine 13 data processing device (video recording unit) (calculation means)
21 Interference filter 22 Fluorescent glass 30 Position measuring means P Pantograph S Slip plate L Overhead wire V Vehicle

Claims (6)

Light selection means for capturing light from a light source and selecting light of a specific wavelength;
A photoelectric converter that converts light passing through the light selection means into an electrical signal;
A video recording unit that records image data supplied from a photographing device that captures an image of the light generation source for at least a predetermined time before and after detection of light of a specific wavelength by the photoelectric converter; Light measuring device.   The light selecting means is directed to a contact portion between a pantograph and an overhead wire as a light generation source, takes in an arc generated at the contact portion, and selects a light beam having a wavelength of the arc to convert it into a visible light beam. The light measurement device according to claim 1, wherein:   The said light selection means has the interference filter which removes the non-ultraviolet component more than predetermined wavelength from the said arc, and the fluorescent glass which converts the ultraviolet-ray which passed this interference filter into visible light, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The light measuring device described.   4. The calculation means according to claim 2, further comprising: an arithmetic unit configured to detect wear of the pantograph based on an integrated value of the detected amount of the arc and to estimate a life of the pantograph. Light measuring device.   The light selection means captures light generated by combustion of materials constituting each part of the railway vehicle, and the photographing device continuously photographs images of a predetermined part of the vehicle in which the material is used. The light measurement device according to claim 1, wherein:   6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising position measuring means for continuously measuring the position of the vehicle, wherein the image recording unit records an image corresponding to the position measured by the position measuring means. The light measuring device according to any one of the above.

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