JP2013121626A - Withdrawal table of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a workpiece withdrawal table device of a machine tool that can accurately position in a composite rotary table including a relieving function.SOLUTION: A slight movement table 6 including a rotary warkpiece table 7 on a table 4 is provided with a vertical travel mechanism 42 for relatively moving in a vertical direction a second clamp shaft 25 and a first clamp shaft 11 installed concentrically with each other to taper-fit or separate both clamp shafts. To be more specific, when the first and second clamp shafts are separate, the slight movement table is moved in a horizontal direction, and when the first and second clamp shafts are fitted, the slight sligjht movement table and the table are fixed mutually. A through-hole 13 is made, and a discharge groove 16 is made on the lower side of the through-hole.

Description

  The present invention relates to an evacuation table device for a machine tool having a evacuation (relieving) mechanism from a tool of a work table provided on a table.

  Conventionally, when machining is performed by moving the workpiece and tool relative to each other in the left / right, front / rear or up / down direction, to avoid interference between the workpiece and the tool during non-cutting, the workpiece side or the tool side is used more than when cutting. A relief mechanism and a relief mechanism for retreating a minute distance are known. In the gear shaper having the indexing rotation and reciprocating motion mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 1, the relieving is performed by moving the vertical shaft having the gear cutter attached to the lower end thereof back and forth with respect to the workpiece by the cam. Further, in Patent Document 2, a work table (movable base) that can be moved slightly is provided on a table for a horizontal milling cutter, the workpiece is advanced to the milling cutter side by a hydraulic cylinder, and the workpiece is cut by the milling cutter. A relief function for a horizontal milling machine is disclosed. In this case, when returning to the milling cutter, the workpiece is moved backward by the hydraulic cylinder to eliminate contact between the milling cutter and the workpiece, thereby preventing the occurrence of a cutter mark or the like.

  On the other hand, there is a multi-function machine that is capable of processing holes, cylinders, and the like for an indexing rotation and reciprocating motion mechanism such as a gear shaper instead of a single function. For example, in the machining center of Patent Document 3, an NC device can be used to enable high-speed rotation such as drilling of a workpiece in addition to an indexing function on a table on which a workpiece is placed or fixed, or a tool spindle to which a tool is attached. Yes. However, this system has a problem that it is inferior to a dedicated machine in terms of production efficiency and accuracy because the motor provided for each axis by control is rotated from low speed to high speed, indexed, and frequently forward and reverse. was there.

  Therefore, in a complex machine tool such as an NC lathe, for example, an indexing motor (servo motor or the like) and a high-speed rotation motor (spindle motor or the like) are used to ensure accuracy in the spindle of the automatic lathe disclosed in Patent Document 4. It is disclosed that the main shaft and each motor are selectively connected by a clutch or the like and indexing or high-speed rotation is performed. Further, on the table side, as disclosed in Patent Document 5, for example, a mechanism for reducing backlash and a device capable of switching between indexing and high-speed rotation are known.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-88526 Japanese Utility Model Publication 4-63341 JP 2000-190127 A Japanese Patent No. 2631416 JP 2001-246533 A

  However, when a vertical movement mechanism and a relieving mechanism as in Patent Document 1 are provided on the composite spindle as in Patent Document 4, the structure becomes complicated, and the figure and weight are large and there is a problem in realization. It was. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a relieving mechanism as in Patent Document 2 on the side of the composite table as in Patent Document 4. On the other hand, when machining by changing various machining situations (indexing or hole machining) while the workpiece is fixed to the rotating work table, it is necessary to always accurately grasp the position of the workpiece. However, although the work table position can be adjusted by a variable stopper in Patent Document 2, in order to accurately grasp the work table position information, there is a problem that it must be measured or set again each time. It was.

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a work retraction table device for a machine tool that can accurately position a rotary work table in an indexable and rotatable compound rotary table having a releaving function. That is.

  In the present invention, a table provided on the base so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, a fine movement table that can be finely moved in the horizontal direction on the table, and a rotary table that is provided on the fine movement table and rotated around the vertical axis. And a rotary work table that is capable of gripping a workpiece, and has a first tapered hole or a first tapered outer peripheral surface provided concentrically with the vertical axis on a lower side of the fine movement table. A clamp shaft, and a second clamp shaft having a second taper outer surface or a second taper hole that can be fitted to the first taper hole or the first taper outer surface provided on the upper side of the table; A vertical movement mechanism that moves the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft in a vertical direction to fit or separate from each other, and the vertical movement mechanism allows the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft to be separated from each other. When the lamp shaft is separated, the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft do not interfere with each other even if the fine movement table moves in the horizontal direction, and the vertical movement mechanism allows the first movement shaft to When the one clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft are fitted, the above-mentioned problem is solved by providing a work retracting table device of a machine tool in which the fine movement table and the table are fixed to each other. did.

  That is, the first clamp shaft is provided on the lower side of the fine movement table having the rotary work table. On the other hand, a second clamp shaft that can be taper-fitted with the first clamp shaft is provided on the upper side of the table. Since the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft can be tapered or separated, accurate positioning can be performed. Further, when the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft are separated from each other, the fine movement table is movable in the horizontal direction, and when the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft are fitted, Since the table and the table can be fixed to each other, the fine operation of the rotating work table, that is, the switching between the releaving (retraction operation) and the fixing operation is easy. The vertical movement mechanism is preferably a hydraulic or pneumatic vertical movement mechanism.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a through hole is provided along a vertical axis of the rotary work table and the first and second clamp shafts, and a discharge groove in which the through hole opens below the table. The work evacuation table device of the machine tool provided with As a result, when an internal work such as an internal gear is attached to the rotating work table and processed, for example, the cutting station or cutting waste passes through the through holes of the rotating work table, the first and second clamp shafts, and enters the discharge groove. Easily falls naturally. In addition, it is preferable that the fine movement table can be finely moved by a cam mechanism or the like.

  In the present invention, the first clamp shaft on the lower side of the fine movement table provided with the rotating work table and the second clamp shaft on the upper side of the table can be taper-fitted or separated to enable accurate positioning. When the first and second clamp shafts are separated, the fine movement table can be moved in the horizontal direction. When the first and second clamp shafts are fitted, the fine movement table and the table are mutually connected. Fixed. As a result, it is easy to switch between the fine movement of the rotating work table and the fixed work, and therefore the work retraction table device of the machine tool that can perform accurate positioning in the indexable and rotatable compound rotating work table having the releaving function. Became to provide. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to various complex machine tools capable of gear shapers and the like.

  Further, in the invention described in claim 2, a discharge groove is provided in the lower opening of the through hole of the rotary work table and the first second clamp shaft, and cutting fluid, cutting waste, etc. can be easily passed through each through hole to the discharge groove. Therefore, it is easy to process turning fluid and cutting waste, and the table can be downsized.

It is a side view of the table which shows embodiment of this invention, the left side is the AA line of FIG. 4, and the right side is the BB line | wire partial sectional view of FIG. It is the front view seen from the A arrow of FIG. 1 of the table which shows embodiment of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view of the 1st and 2nd clamp axis | shaft which shows embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the table which shows the XX cross section of FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the work retracting table device 1 of the machine tool of the present invention is horizontally mounted on a base 2 in a left-right direction as viewed in FIG. 1 and in a front-rear direction as viewed in FIG. 2 by a ball screw mechanism 3. A table 4 is provided so as to be movable in the direction. A slide guide metal 5 is provided on the upper surface of the table 4, and the fine movement table 6 can be finely moved in the horizontal direction on the slide guide metal. A rotary work table 7 is provided on the fine movement table 6. The rotary work table 7 can be rotated, swung or indexed around the vertical axis c by the drive mechanism 8 and can hold the unillustrated work on the outside, outside diameter or inside, inside diameter of the work by the chuck claw 9. ing. A rotating work table through hole 10 (not shown) is formed in the center of the rotating work table 7. The chucking method, opening / closing method, rotating work table through hole, etc. of the chuck claw 9 are general, and the details of the structure and driving mechanism of the rotating work table 7 are not directly related to the present invention. Is omitted.

  A first clamp shaft 11 is fixed to the fine movement table 6 coaxially with the vertical axis c of the rotary work table 7. As shown in FIG. 3, the first clamp shaft 11 projects downward from the fine movement table 6, and the distal end portion 12 reaches the lower portion 4 a of the table 4. The first clamp shaft 11 is provided with a through hole 13, and a first taper outer peripheral surface 14 is provided downward from the lower surface portion 6 a of the fine movement table. 15 and a tip 12 are sequentially provided. The 1st clamp axis | shaft 11, the 1st taper outer peripheral surface 14, the diameter reducing part 15, the front-end | tip part 12, the through-hole 13, and the rotation worktable through-hole 10 are concentric with the vertical axis | shaft c. Further, the through hole 13 and the rotary work table through hole 10 communicate with each other and open to a discharge groove 16 shown in the lower part of FIG.

  In the table 4, a cylinder hole 17 and a small diameter portion 18 are sequentially formed downward, and a step portion 19 is provided between the cylinder hole and the small diameter portion. Further, a positioning groove 20 is provided on the lower surface 4 a of the table 4. The cylinder hole 17, the small diameter portion 18, the step portion 19, and the positioning groove 20 are concentric with the vertical axis c. A lid 22 having a folded collar portion 21 concentrically fitted in the positioning groove 20 is fixed to the table 4 with a bolt (not shown). A lid through hole 23 having a diameter larger than that of the through hole 13 of the first clamp shaft 11 is formed in the lid 22.

  Between the first tapered outer peripheral surface 14 of the first clamp shaft 11, the reduced diameter portion 15, the tip end portion 12, and the cylinder hole 17, a second tapered hole 24 that can be fitted to the first tapered outer peripheral surface 14. A second clamp shaft 25 is provided for axial movement within the cylinder hole 17. The second clamp shaft 25 is provided with an outer diameter portion 26 that is in sliding contact with the inside of the cylinder hole 17 and a rod portion 27 having a smaller diameter than the outer diameter portion. A second through hole 28 is formed following the second tapered hole 24.

  Further, a head ring 30 is provided in the cylinder hole 17 so as to be fitted in the cylinder hole and to be slidably contacted with the rod portion 27 of the second clamp shaft 25. Seal members (such as O-rings) 33 are provided for sealing the cylinder hole 17 and the outer diameter portion 26 of the second clamp shaft 25, the cylinder hole and the outer periphery 31 of the head ring, and the second clamp shaft rod portion 27 and the inner periphery 32 of the head ring. It has been. Thereby, a cylinder chamber 36 is formed by the cylinder hole 17, the outer diameter portion of the second clamp shaft 11, the step portion 34 between the rod portions, the rod portion 27, and the head ring upper end surface 35. By supplying hydraulic pressure or air pressure to the cylinder chamber 36, the second clamp shaft 25 is pushed out to the fine movement table 6 side.

  A spring hole 37 is formed on the lower side of the head ring 30, and a guide bar hole 38 is formed on the upper end side. A guide bar female screw 39 is provided at the lower end of the second clamp shaft 25 corresponding to the guide bar hole. The spring 40 is inserted into the spring hole 37, and the spring is compressed by the guide bar 41, so that the spring 40 is screwed and fixed to the guide bar female screw 39 from the guide bar hole 38. As a result, the second clamp shaft 25 is always pulled downward by the spring 40.

  The cylinder chamber 36 and the spring 40 move the second clamp shaft 25 upward by supplying fluid pressure to the cylinder chamber. Further, the second clamp shaft can be moved downward by the spring force by discharging (releasing) the pressure. That is, the cylinder chamber 36 and the spring 40 form a vertical movement mechanism 42 that relatively moves the first clamp shaft 11 and the second clamp shaft 25 in the vertical direction to fit or separate.

  The vertical movement mechanism 42 releases the cylinder pressure and separates the first clamp shaft 11 and the second clamp shaft 25 by a spring force. The tapered outer peripheral surface 14 of the first clamp shaft and the tapered hole 24 of the second clamp shaft are provided with a gap, and the reduced diameter portion 15 of the first clamp shaft and the inner diameter of the rod portion of the second clamp shaft 25 (second A clearance 43 is provided between the through hole 28 and the head ring inner diameter 29. Each gap is set to a value at which the first clamp shaft 11 and the second clamp shaft 25 do not interfere with each other even if the fine movement table 6 moves in the horizontal direction with respect to the table 4. Thereby, the fine movement table 6 can be moved relative to the table 4. On the other hand, when the first clamp shaft 11 and the second clamp shaft 25 are fitted by the vertical direction moving mechanism 42, the fine movement table 6 and the table 4 are fixed to each other and integrated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the fine movement table 6 can be finely moved in the horizontal direction on the slide guide metal 5 with respect to the table 4 by the cam mechanism 51. As shown in FIG. 4, the fine movement table 6 is sandwiched from both sides by side bearings 52, 52 provided on the table 4 on both side surfaces of the long sides 50, 50, and can move in the left-right direction as viewed in FIG. 4. Has been.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a lever rod spring 57 includes a lever rod spring 57, one supporting pin 58 fixed to the table 4, one action pin 54 fixed to the fine movement table 6, and a force pin 59. ) 60, the action pin 54 is moved. The lever bar is biased clockwise around the fulcrum pin 58 by the lever bar spring 57. Further, the rotating roller 62 of the force pin 59 at the tip 60 a of the lever bar 60 is pressed against the eccentric cam roller 64. The eccentric cam roller is rotationally controlled by an AC servo motor (not shown). As the eccentric roller rotates, the tip of the lever bar swings. Since the action pin 54 is between the fulcrum pin 58 and the force point pin 59, the action pin 54 also swings according to the swinging motion of the lever bar 60 by the force point pin 59. The action pin 54 is rotatably fitted in a long hole 53 that is long in the vertical direction as seen in FIG. 4 of the fine movement table 6, and moves the fine movement table 6 in the longitudinal direction of the table 4. Thereby, the fine movement table 6, that is, the rotary work table 7 is relieved.

  Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, in normal processing, as shown in FIG. 1, a table 4 is moved horizontally by a ball screw 3 or the like with respect to a spindle (not shown) to which a tool such as a drill is attached, and positioning is performed. . Further, the spindle mounted on the rotary work table 7 is drilled and threaded by rotating the spindle up and down and rotating. Since the rotary work table 7 is fixed to the fine movement table 6 and is further taper-fitted to the table 4 by the first and second clamp shafts 11 and 25, the rotary work table 7, the fine movement table 6 and the table 4 are highly accurate. In this way, high-precision positioning can be performed.

  In addition, the tool at the tip of the spindle is used as a tool such as a pinion cutter or a bite for gear cutting or grooving, and the spindle is moved up and down and further rotated and indexed (not shown). On the other hand, the first and second clamp shafts 11 and 25 are disengaged, the fine movement table 6 and the rotary work table 7 are finely moved by the cam mechanism 51, and the workpiece is retracted. This enables gear machining and groove machining. The processing waste falls from the outside of the rotary work table 7 to the outside of the table 4 and is collected. Moreover, the processing waste that has fallen into the through hole 10 formed inside the workpiece rotation shaft falls into the discharge groove 16 through the through hole 13 of the first clamp shaft and is collected.

  As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the rotary work table provided with the relieving operation by the taper fitting of the table 4, the rotary work table 7, the fine movement table 6, the first and second clamp shafts 11 and 25. This provides a evacuation table device 1 for a machine tool capable of highly accurate positioning.

  Needless to say, the rotary work table 7 and the drive mechanism 8 capable of rotating, swinging, or indexing may be a rotary work table as disclosed in Patent Document 5 or other structures. As the relieving mechanism, a cam mechanism is illustrated, but various fine movement mechanisms such as a cylinder mechanism, a ball screw, a linear motor, a servo cylinder, a servo motor, and the like as described in the cited document can be applied. Further, the spindle is not described in detail, but the relieving is performed on the workpiece side in the present invention without providing the relieving function on the spindle side. One that can be selected for rotation, one that has a vertical movement function, or a spindle of a machining center such as that disclosed in Patent Document 3 may be applied. Moreover, it cannot be overemphasized that it can apply not only to a gear shaper but to various complex machine tools.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work evacuation table apparatus of a machine tool 4 Table 6 Fine movement table 7 Rotating work table 11 1st clamp axis | shaft 13 Through hole 14 1st taper outer peripheral surface (1st taper hole)
16 Discharge groove 24 2nd taper hole (2nd taper outer peripheral surface)
25 Second clamp shaft 42 Vertical movement mechanism c Vertical shaft

Claims (2)

  A table provided on the base so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, a fine movement table capable of fine movement in the horizontal direction on the table, and provided on the fine movement table and capable of rotating or indexing around a vertical axis; And a rotary work table capable of gripping a work, and a first clamp shaft having a first taper hole or a first taper outer peripheral surface provided concentrically with the vertical shaft on a lower side of the fine movement table, A second clamp shaft having a second taper outer surface or a second taper hole which can be fitted to the first taper hole or the first taper outer surface provided on the upper side of the table; and the first clamp shaft And a vertical direction moving mechanism that relatively moves and fits or separates the second clamp shaft in the vertical direction, and the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft are separated by the vertical direction moving mechanism. When the fine movement table moves in the horizontal direction, the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft do not interfere with each other, and the vertical movement mechanism causes the first clamp shaft and the second clamp shaft to interfere with each other. The work retraction table device for a machine tool, wherein the fine movement table and the table are fixed to each other when the two clamp shafts are fitted.   A through hole is provided along a vertical axis of the rotary work table and the first and second clamp shafts, and a discharge groove for opening the through hole is provided below the table. The work evacuation table device of the machine tool according to 1.

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