JP2013116225A - Functional particulate emission device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a functional particulate emission device that can supply a functional material all over a skin of a human body evenly after emitting the functional material in the air once, and suppress the denaturing of the functional material before it reaches the human body.SOLUTION: The functional particulate emission device is provided with a discharge means to discharge functional particulates. The functional particulate is obtained by encapsulating the functional material in an endoplasmic reticulum that suppresses the reaction at least with an oxygen or radical in the external world. The functional material is effectively supplied to the human body by floating in the air while suppressing the denaturing by the reaction, and then adhering to the human body.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for effectively supplying functional substances such as amino acids to the human body.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a substance that is intended to percutaneously absorb a functional substance that exerts effects such as beauty and health on a living body is known. As described in Patent Document 1 and the like, in these conventional techniques, it is common to apply a lotion, cream or the like containing a functional substance to the skin.

JP 2006-16401 A

  However, in the above prior art, in order to absorb the functional substance evenly percutaneously, it is necessary to uniformly apply lotion or the like. On the other hand, a method in which a functional substance is once released into the air and then suspended in the air and then supplied to the human body is also conceivable. However, in this case, the functional substance is denatured by reaction with external oxygen and radicals before being supplied to the human body, making it difficult for the functional substance to have its original beauty and health effects. There is.

  The present invention was invented in view of the above problems, and can be supplied after the functional substance has been released into the air, and the functional substance is denatured before reaching the human body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional fine particle discharge device that can be suppressed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the functional fine particle emission device of the present invention has the following configuration.

  The functional fine particle discharge device of the present invention is a functional fine particle discharge device provided with a release means for releasing functional fine particles, and the functional fine particles are small particles that suppress reaction with at least oxygen or radicals in the outside. A functional substance is encapsulated in the endoplasmic reticulum.

  It is preferable that the functional fine particles are supplied to the discharge means in a state of being mixed in a liquid, and the discharge means discharges the liquid containing the functional fine particles into the air as a fine particle liquid. .

  The endoplasmic reticulum is preferably made of a material having high biocompatibility.

  It is also preferable that the endoplasmic reticulum has a surface charge.

  It is also preferable that the endoplasmic reticulum has temperature sensitivity.

  The endoplasmic reticulum is also preferably pH-sensitive.

  It is also preferable that the endoplasmic reticulum has a chemically modified surface.

  According to the present invention, the functional substance can be supplied to the human skin and the like even after being released into the air, and the functional substance can be prevented from being denatured before reaching the human body. There is an effect.

It is the schematic which shows the functional fine particle discharge | release apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the schematic of the liposome used with the functional fine particle discharge | release apparatus same as the above. (A)-(f) is the schematic which shows the procedure which produces | generates functional fine particles in order. It is the schematic of the fine particle liquid containing a functional fine particle same as the above. (A)-(c) is the schematic which shows a mode that a functional fine particle same as the above carries out film fusion. It is the schematic which shows the functional particle | grain discharge | release apparatus of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the functional fine particle discharge | release apparatus of Embodiment 3 of this invention. (A), (b) is the schematic which shows a mode that a functional fine particle same as the above collapse | crumbles by a temperature change. (A)-(c) is the schematic which shows in order the other mode that functional fine particles same as the above collapse | crumble by a temperature change. (A), (b) is the schematic which shows a mode that a functional fine particle same as the above collapse | crumbles by pH change. (A), (b) is the schematic which shows a mode that a functional fine particle same as the above is delivered to a target site | part by chemical modification in order.

  The present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a functional fine particle discharge apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the following, the basic structure of the functional fine particle emission device of the present embodiment will be described.

The functional fine particle discharge device of this embodiment includes a cylindrical liquid transport unit 4 to which a solution 2 is supplied, a discharge electrode 6 that is a tip portion of the liquid transport unit 4, and a position that faces the tip of the discharge electrode 6. In the present embodiment, a pressure is applied to the solution 2 to cause the liquid transporting unit 4 to be applied with a voltage application unit 10 that applies a voltage between the discharge electrode 6 and the electrode unit 8. A pressurizing means for conveying the solution 2 to the tip of the discharge electrode 6 which is the tip portion is provided. This pressurizing means applies pressure to the solution 2 by the water head pressure in the liquid transport unit 4 and transports the solution 2 to the tip of the discharge electrode 6. The inner diameter of the liquid transport unit 4 is set to a size that does not cause capillary action except for the tip hole 7 of the discharge electrode 6. The hole diameter of the tip hole 7 is set to a size at which the solution 2 maintains a liquid ball state by surface tension at the tip.

  Reference numeral 12 in the figure is a tank for solution replenishment. The solution 2 stored in the tank 12 is supplied into the liquid transport unit 4 by a pump 14 such as a micropump. A water level sensor 16 is disposed in the liquid transport unit 4, and the pump 14 is controlled so as to keep the liquid level of the solution 2 at the height of the water level sensor 16. The liquid level of the solution 2 maintained here is a liquid level for forming a liquid ball with a predetermined amount at the tip of the discharge electrode 6 (that is, a liquid for applying a water head pressure for forming a predetermined amount of liquid ball). Place) is set.

  In the functional particle emitting device of the present embodiment, the voltage 2 is supplied to the discharge electrode 6 at the tip of the liquid transport unit 4 and a voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 6 by the voltage application unit 10 in a state where liquid balls are formed in a predetermined amount. Apply. More specifically, a predetermined voltage is applied between the discharge electrode 6 and the electrode portion 8 so that the discharge electrode 6 becomes a negative electrode. By applying this voltage, the liquid ball-like solution 2 held at the tip of the discharge electrode 6 becomes a fine particle liquid 200 (see FIG. 4) by electrostatic atomization, and is released toward the outside. The particle size of the fine particle liquid 200 can be controlled by setting the pressure applied to the solution 2 (that is, setting the liquid level of the solution 2 in the liquid transport unit 4), the hole diameter of the tip hole 7, the applied voltage, and the like. In addition, although the electrode part 8 is provided here, it can be microparticulated by electrostatic atomization by applying a voltage to the solution 2 without providing the electrode part 8.

  Further, the discharging means for discharging the solution 2 into fine particles is not limited to the method using electrostatic atomization. In other words, other methods such as a method in which the solution 2 is atomized and released by ultrasonic vibration, a method in which the solution 2 is atomized by a spray method, and a method in which the solution 2 is atomized and released by foaming can be adopted. is there. A specific configuration in the case of using these types of discharge means will be described later as another embodiment.

  Next, the solution 2 used for atomization will be described. Here, the solution 2 is obtained by further mixing the functional fine particles 100 produced by encapsulating the functional substance 18 in the endoplasmic reticulum 20 with the liquid 22. The functional substance 18 is a substance that exerts a beauty / health effect on a living body, and specifically includes metals such as vanadium and zinc in addition to amino acids, peptides, proteins and the like. Water or the like is used as the liquid 22.

  The endoplasmic reticulum 20 suppresses the reaction between oxygen and radicals in the outside world and the functional substance 18, and, for example, liposome is suitably used as a material having high biocompatibility. In the following, the case where the functional substance 18 is an amino acid and the endoplasmic reticulum 20 encapsulating the functional substance 18 is a liposome will be described as an example.

  FIG. 2 shows a liposome forming the endoplasmic reticulum 20. Liposomes are composed of phospholipids, which are biological components, and thus have excellent biocompatibility and low toxicity. Liposomes are composed of lipid bilayers, and have a hydrophilic portion 24 and a hydrophobic portion 26 in the structure thereof, and have a large internal volume. Therefore, it is possible to encapsulate a wide range of functional substances 18 in hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity and molecular weight. Become. The type, composition ratio, and size of the lipid used in the liposome can be appropriately controlled, whereby the surface charge and membrane fluidity of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 are controlled.

  [Chemical Formula 1] below shows the structure of phosphatidylcholine as an example of the phospholipid constituting the liposome. In addition to phosphatidylcholine, lipids such as sphingomyelin, dicetyl phosphate, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine, and stearylamine can be used alone or in combination.

  Next, means for encapsulating the functional substance 18 that is an amino acid in the endoplasmic reticulum 20 that is a liposome will be described. Encapsulation means include reverse phase method, hydration method, ultrasonic treatment method, ethanol injection method, ether injection method, surfactant method, freezing / dissolution method, heating method, polyhydric alcohol method, mechanochemical method, lipid Various means such as a dissolution method and a spray drying method are used.

  In FIG. 3, the procedure of the reverse layer method among the said means is shown in order of (a)-(f). As shown in FIG. 3A, first, a lipid as a raw material of liposome is dissolved in an organic solvent, and a solution 30 in which the functional substance 18 is dissolved is added thereto as shown in FIG. Then, the whole is emulsified by ultrasonic treatment as shown in FIG. 3 (c), the organic solvent is removed as shown in FIG. 3 (d) using an evaporator, and then vortex is used as shown in FIG. 3 (e). To cause phase inversion. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3F, functional fine particles 100 in which the functional substance 18 is encapsulated in the endoplasmic reticulum 20 (that is, in which amino acids are encapsulated in the liposome) are obtained.

  The functional substance 18 other than amino acids can also be encapsulated in liposomes by the same means. When the functional substance 18 is hydrophilic, the functional substance 18 is positioned in the inner aqueous phase inside the phospholipid capsule of the liposome, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the functional substance 18 is hydrophobic, the functional substance 18 is located in the phospholipid membrane of the liposome.

  The solution 2 in which these functional fine particles 100 are mixed is stored in the tank 12 of the functional fine particle discharge apparatus of this embodiment, and is sequentially transported from the tank 12 to the discharge electrode 6. The transported solution 2 is electrostatically atomized at the tip of the discharge electrode 6 and discharged into the external space as a fine particle liquid 200 containing functional fine particles 100 as shown in FIG.

  In addition, since the functional fine particles 100 contained in the solution 2 have a particle size of about 25 nm, in this embodiment, the liquid transport unit 4 is configured so that the fine particle liquid 200 is generated with a particle size of about 200 to 300 nm. The hydraulic head pressure etc. which act on the solution 2 in the inside are set. Therefore, the fine particle liquid 200 is generated and released in a state including a large number of functional fine particles 100.

  The fine particle liquid 200 released into the external space reaches the surface of the human body after being diffused in the air. At this time, the functional substance 18 is surrounded by a vesicle 20 made of liposomes, and the periphery of the vesicle 20 is surrounded by a liquid 22 that is water. Therefore, it is suppressed that the functional substance 18 is denatured by reacting with oxygen, radicals or the like in the air or denatured by reacting with oxygen, radicals or the like in the liquid 22 before reaching the human body. .

  In other words, when the functional substance 18 is conveyed in the air by the fine particle liquid 200, the liquid 22 and the endoplasmic reticulum 20 exist between the functional substance 18 and components such as oxygen in the air. . The functional substance 18 is covered with the liquid 22 and the endoplasmic reticulum 20, thereby suppressing contact and reaction with components such as oxygen in the air. In addition, an endoplasmic reticulum 20 exists between a component such as oxygen in the liquid 22 and the functional substance 18. Since the functional substance 18 is covered with the endoplasmic reticulum 20, the functional substance 18 is also prevented from contacting and reacting with components such as oxygen in the liquid 22.

  Here, the liposome forming the endoplasmic reticulum 20 does not react with oxygen. Moreover, although a part of liposome and OH radical may react, this reaction does not decompose the liposome but a stable state in which OH or the like is attached to a part of the liposome. Therefore, when transported in the air, the functional substance 18 in the liposome is protected in a stable state.

  When the fine particle liquid 200 suspended in the air adheres to the human body, a large number of functional fine particles 100 contained in the fine particle liquid 200 penetrate between cells from the skin surface. Hydrophobic lipids and the like are present in the stratum corneum, which is the outermost layer of the skin. However, as described above, the functional fine particles 100 are covered with liposomes having both the hydrophilic portion 24 and the hydrophobic portion 26, so that the skin surface Penetration from is also performed efficiently.

  The functional fine particles 100 penetrating between the cells are stored between the cells and then gradually released or membrane-fused to supply the functional substance 18 into the cells. FIG. 5 shows the progress of membrane fusion in the order of (a)-(c). The phospholipid bilayer membrane constituting the liposome has the same structure as the human cell membrane 32. Therefore, when the liposome of the functional fine particle 100 comes into contact with the cell membrane 32, membrane fusion as shown in FIG. 5 occurs, and the functional substance 18 is supplied into the cell.

  As described above, in the functional particle releasing apparatus of the present embodiment, the functional substance 18 such as an amino acid is encapsulated in the vesicle 20 composed of a liposome, and this is further contained in the liquid 22 as a mist-like particle liquid 200. Release into the air. The fine particle liquid 200 having a minute diameter floats in the air for a long time, diffuses in the air, and then uniformly adheres to the human skin and the like. During this diffusion, the reaction of the functional substance 18 with oxygen, radicals, etc. is suppressed by the endoplasmic reticulum 20 and the liquid 22 covering the functional substance 18. That is, the functional substance 18 in the fine particle liquid 200 is transported to the skin surface of the human body while drifting in the air while suppressing denaturation due to the reaction with substances in the outside world. After 20 is stored between cells, it is gradually fed into the cell by release into the cell or membrane fusion with the cell membrane.

  FIG. 6 shows a functional fine particle discharge device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the fine particle liquid 200 is generated based on the same solution 2 as in the first embodiment. However, as a means for this, the electrostatic atomization method as in the first embodiment is used instead of the ultrasonic vibration. Solution 2 is atomized and released. In the following, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The functional particle emitting device of the present embodiment includes a tank 40 in which the solution 2 is stored, a liquid reservoir portion 42 to which the solution 2 is supplied from the tank 40, and an ultrasonic wave generator installed on the bottom surface of the liquid reservoir portion 42. And a mist flow path 46 extending from the liquid reservoir 42. A discharge port 48 is formed at the downstream end of the mist channel 46.

  Also by such an ultrasonic method, the solution 2 can be made into fine particles to generate the fine particle liquid 200, which can be discharged to the outside and diffused in the air before reaching the target location. At this time, the reaction of the functional substance 18 in the fine particle liquid 200 with oxygen, radicals, and the like is suppressed by the endoplasmic reticulum 20 and the liquid 22 as in the first embodiment. And after attaching to a skin surface like Embodiment 1, the functional substance 18 is sent in into a cell by the film | membrane fusion of the endoplasmic reticulum 20, etc.

  FIG. 7 shows a functional fine particle discharge apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the fine particle liquid 200 is generated based on the same solution 2 as in the first and second embodiments. As a means for this, the solution 2 is atomized and discharged by a spray method. In the following, the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the functional fine particle discharge device of the present embodiment, a liquid path 50 for feeding the solution 2 from the liquid reservoir 42 is extended, and a spray nozzle 52 is provided at the downstream end of the liquid path 50. A valve 54 is interposed in the middle of the liquid path 50. Further, an air supply path 56 for introducing outside air from above to the liquid reservoir 42 is provided, and a pressurizing pump 58 is interposed in the air supply path 56. The solution 2 supplied from the tank 40 to the reservoir 42 is pressurized by the air sent by the pressurizing pump 58, and sent to the spray nozzle 52 through the valve 54 that is opened, so that it is pulverized to the outside. Released. Even by such a spray method, the fine particle liquid 200 can be generated and discharged to the outside, and can be made to reach the target location after being diffused in the air.

  As described above, as a mechanism for atomizing the solution 2, for example, a mechanism as shown in Embodiment 1-3 can be employed.

  Below, the modification of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 is described. It goes without saying that these modified examples of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 can be adopted in any of the functional particle emitting devices of Embodiment 1-3.

  As described above, the surface charge of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 composed of liposomes can be controlled by controlling the type and composition of lipids. Dispersion stability is increased by charging the liposomes to the same polarity, and condensation before the target site is reached is suppressed.

  It is also preferable to control the surface charge of the liposome according to the target site. For example, when it is desired to supply the functional substance 18 into the airway, it is preferable to negatively charge the liposome surface because the surface inside the airway is positively charged. Stearylamine can be used as the positively charged lipid, phosphatidylcholine can be used as the neutral lipid, and dicetyl phosphate and phosphatidylserine can be used as the negatively charged lipid.

  It is also possible to impart temperature sensitivity to the endoplasmic reticulum 20 composed of liposomes such that the phospholipid is destroyed when a predetermined temperature is reached. Examples of means for imparting such temperature sensitivity include controlling the phase transition temperature with phospholipids and introducing the temperature-responsive polymer 60 onto the liposome surface. FIG. 8 schematically shows the state of liposome decay due to temperature change. When the liposome reaches the phase transition temperature of the constituent lipid, the structure of the membrane is disturbed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8B, the encapsulated functional substance 18 leaks out.

  For example, when the lipid is dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, the encapsulated functional substance 18 leaks out at about 42 ° C. Since the temperature of the human skin is around 36 ° C., if the phase transition temperature of the liposome is set to about 36 ° C., the shape of the liposome is maintained until it reaches the skin surface after being released into the atmosphere. The functional substance 18 can be leaked out. Thereby, the effect of the functional substance 18 is effectively exhibited.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the case of a liposome into which a temperature-responsive polymer 60 has been introduced using a technique such as chemical bonding, the property of the polymer whose hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity changes with temperature is utilized. Liposomes can be disrupted at the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The temperature-responsive polymer 60 is dissolved and spreads in water as shown in FIG. 9 (a) at a certain temperature, and by heating, the temperature-responsive polymer 60 cannot be dissolved in water as shown in FIG. 9 (b) and contracts. By destabilizing the membrane, the liposome collapses as shown in FIG.

  It is also possible to impart pH sensitivity to the endoplasmic reticulum 20 made of liposomes so that the phospholipid is destroyed when a predetermined pH is reached. The liposome shown in FIG. 10 (a) is in a state stabilized by charge. When phosphatidylethanolamine is used as the liposome-constituting lipid, phosphatidylethanolamine forms reverse micelles when the electrical repulsive force decreases due to pH change. Thereby, as shown in FIG.10 (b), the structure of a liposome collapse | crumbles and the functional substance 18 enclosed is leaked.

  Since the skin surface of the human body is weakly acidic with a pH of 4.5 to 6.5, by setting phosphatidylethanolamine to form reverse micelles at a pH within or near this range, the skin is released into the atmosphere. The liposome shape can be maintained until the surface is reached, and the functional substance 18 in the liposome can be leaked after reaching the surface. Thereby, the effect of the functional substance 18 is effectively exhibited.

  It is also possible to chemically modify the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 composed of liposomes. FIG. 11 shows a liposome whose surface is modified with a ligand (cell recognition site) 62. The cell may express a specific receptor 64, and the functional substance 18 is delivered site-specifically by binding a ligand 62 corresponding to the receptor 64 to the liposome surface. Examples of the site for specifically delivering the functional substance 18 include skin including pores and sweat glands, mucous membranes such as eyes and nose, lungs, hair, and the like. A preferable target site exists for each type of liposome, and the effect of the functional substance 18 can be effectively exhibited by specifically delivering to the preferable target site.

  For example, when the skin is a target site, the percutaneous absorption route mainly includes a cell route, a cell space route, and an appendage route. The cellular route repeatedly penetrates keratinocytes and interstitial lipids, and this is considered to be a major obstacle to percutaneous absorption. On the other hand, if it is assumed that percutaneous absorption is performed through the cell gap route, the particle size of the liposome is preferably 0.1 μm or less, which is the size of the cell gap. In the case of accessory routes such as pores and sweat glands, while the effective area is small, there are advantages that the transmittance is very high and that a substance having a relatively large size can be transmitted. Therefore, when the target is the skin appendage route, the particle size of the liposome is not so limited.

  When the mucous membrane is used as a target site, the mucous membrane has the property of being easily absorbed, and therefore, in the case of the nasal mucosa, it can penetrate up to about 1000 molecular weight. In addition, since a substance having a particle size of 5 μm or more is easily trapped in the nasal cavity, the liposome can be easily delivered to the nasal mucosa by setting the particle size of the liposome to 5 μm or more. On the other hand, when the lung is used as the target site, the particle size of the liposome is preferably set to about 1 to 2 μm.

  In addition, the functional fine particle emitting device of Embodiment 1-3 is one in which the functional fine particle 100 in which the functional substance 18 is covered with the endoplasmic reticulum 20 is further included in the fine particle liquid 200 and released to the outside. The fine particles 100 themselves may be discharged to the outside by means such as ultrasonic vibration. In this case, the endoplasmic reticulum 20 covering the functional substance 18 is preferably formed using, for example, PLGA (copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid) which is a bioabsorbable polymer. Even in such a case, the functional fine particles 100 having a minute diameter float in the air for a long time, and after being diffused in the air, uniformly adhere to the human body. During this diffusion, the reaction of the functional substance 18 with oxygen, radicals, and the like is suppressed by the endoplasmic reticulum 20 that covers the functional substance 18.

  As described above, the functional fine particle discharge device according to the embodiment of the present invention is a functional fine particle discharge device including a discharge unit that discharges the functional fine particle 100, and the functional fine particle 100 is in the outside world. The functional substance 18 is included in the endoplasmic reticulum 20 that suppresses at least the reaction with oxygen or radicals. As a result, the functional substance 18 is effectively supplied to the human body by floating in the air while preventing the functional substance 18 from being denatured by a reaction with an external substance and then adhering to the human body.

  Further, the functional fine particles 100 are supplied to the discharge means in a state of being mixed in the liquid 22, and the discharge means discharges the liquid 22 containing the functional fine particles 100 into the air as the fine particle liquid 200. As a result, the functional substance 18 is effectively supplied to the human body by floating in the air in a state protected by the liquid 22 and adhering to the human body.

  The endoplasmic reticulum 20 is made of a material having high biocompatibility. Thereby, after the functional fine particles 100 adhere to the human body, the functional substance 18 can be effectively fed into the cells by the membrane fusion of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 with the cell membrane.

  And it is preferable that the endoplasmic reticulum 20 has a surface charge. By controlling this surface charge, it is possible to suppress condensation of the functional fine particles 100 and to efficiently reach the target site.

  The endoplasmic reticulum 20 is also preferably temperature sensitive. Thereby, the shape of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 is maintained until the target site is reached, and the endoplasmic reticulum 20 is collapsed by the temperature change after the arrival, and the functional substance 18 can be leaked.

  The endoplasmic reticulum 20 is also preferably one having pH sensitivity. Thereby, the shape of the endoplasmic reticulum 20 is maintained until the target site is reached, and the endoplasmic reticulum 20 is collapsed by the pH change after reaching the target site, and the functional substance 18 can be leaked.

  Moreover, it is also preferable that the endoplasmic reticulum 20 has a chemically modified surface. Thereby, the functional fine particles 100 can be delivered in a site-specific manner.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment shown to an accompanying drawing, this invention is not limited to embodiment of each said example, If it is in the range which this invention intends, in each example suitably It is possible to change the design of the above and to apply a combination of the configurations of the examples as appropriate.

2 Solution 18 Functional substance 20 Endoplasmic reticulum 22 Liquid 100 Functional fine particle 200 Fine particle liquid

Claims (7)

  A functional fine particle release device comprising a release means for releasing functional fine particles, wherein the functional fine particles include a functional substance in an endoplasmic reticulum that suppresses a reaction with at least oxygen or radicals in the outside world. There is a functional fine particle discharge device.   The functional fine particles are supplied to the discharge means in a state of being mixed in a liquid, and the discharge means discharges the liquid containing the functional fine particles into the air as a fine particle liquid. The functional fine particle discharge device according to claim 1.   The functional microparticle release apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the endoplasmic reticulum is made of a material having high biocompatibility.   The functional microparticle release apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vesicle has a surface charge.   The functional microparticle release apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the endoplasmic reticulum has temperature sensitivity.   The functional microparticle release apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the endoplasmic reticulum has a pH sensitivity. The functional microparticle release apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vesicle has a surface chemically modified.

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