JP2013113311A - Operation pattern switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation pattern switching device of pilot method, which is constituted compactly, and with which operation patterns can be electrically switched easily.SOLUTION: One device body is provided with axially operated type spools 24-27. The spools 24-27 are operated by turning-on/off of an electrical input signal to two electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36, so that they are displaced to an on-position or an off-position in the axial direction. By combination of turning-on/off of the electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36, a plurality of pilot pressure passages 41-46 communicating through the spools 24-27 are changed, so that connection relationship between a plurality of inlet ports A-H and a plurality of outlet ports 1-8 is changed among four patterns.

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation pattern switching device that switches a connection relationship between an operation lever of a work machine and a pilot operated control valve to one operation pattern selected from a plurality of operation patterns.

  The hydraulic excavator is operated by boom, stick, bucket and swivel with the left and right control levers, but the operation pattern was different by the manufacturer of the hydraulic excavator, so the operation pattern was unified by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) .

  Therefore, the current hydraulic excavator is shipped in a uniform ISO pattern, but there is a strong demand for skilled operators to operate with an operation pattern that they have been using for a long time.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the operation valves 11R, 11L for reducing the pilot primary pressure supplied from the pilot pump 10P to the pilot secondary pressure corresponding to the operation amount of the operation levers 10R, 10L and outputting them, A pilot-type operation pattern switching device 13 is interposed between the control valve 12 that is pilot-operated by the pilot secondary pressure from the operation valves 11R and 11L, and this operation pattern switching device 13 allows the operation valves 11R and 11L to be operated. And the control valve 12 can be switched to one operation pattern selected from a plurality of operation patterns.

  The operation pattern switching device 13 manually rotates a rotary type switching passage forming shaft called a so-called pattern changer to enter inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and an outlet port. Operation pattern switching means for switching a connection relationship between 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 to an arbitrary operation pattern selected from a plurality of operation patterns (for example, Patent Document 1) reference).

  This operation pattern switching device 13 is operated by an operator in a cab 15 of a hydraulic excavator 14 via operation levers 10R, 10L, so-called remote control valves 11R, 11L, and a pilot operation type mounted on the hydraulic excavator 14. Is inserted into the pilot line between the control valve 12 and the connection relationship between the operation valves 11R and 11L and the control valve 12 is switched. As a result, the in-vehicle engine 16 of the operation valves 11R and 11L and the hydraulic excavator 14 is switched. Various hydraulic actuators (boom cylinder 19bm, stick cylinder 19st, bucket cylinder 19bk and slewing motor 19sw) operated by hydraulic oil pressurized and supplied from the oil tank 18 by the main pump 17 driven by The correspondence between the four operation patterns can be switched to any operation pattern That.

  In addition, the operation direction and the operation amount of the operation lever are switched to an electric signal, and this operation electric signal is electrically switched by a pattern switching circuit and inputted to the controller. Some control the electric control valve (main valve) so that the connection between the operation lever and the electric control valve can be switched from a plurality of operation patterns to an arbitrary operation pattern ( For example, see Patent Documents 2 and 3).

  The operation pattern is generally four methods, and is switched to any one method selected from the four methods according to the user.

JP 2002-333075 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-10054 and its CD-ROM Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-70224 and its microfilm

  The rotary type operation pattern switching device 13 shown in Patent Document 1 forms a switching path having four types of operation patterns on one rotary type shaft, so that the size increases, and the entire peripheral surface of the device main body Since the inlet ports A to H and the outlet ports 1 to 8 are provided in the case, considering the connection of pipes, operability, etc., it is difficult to arrange on the airframe. In particular, in a small machine, there are limited places where piping connection is possible on the entire circumference and manual rotation is possible, and it is not easy to secure an installation space for the operation pattern switching device 13.

  In addition, what electrically performs pattern switching by the pattern switching circuit disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 is limited to one that controls an electric control valve such as an electromagnetic proportional valve by an electric operation lever, and a general hydraulic pressure. There is a problem that cannot be applied to a pilot system in which a pilot operated control valve is controlled by a hydraulic operating lever (so-called remote control valve) employed in an excavator. Furthermore, since the operation pattern is complicated and electric parts such as a large number of relays are required, it has not been put into practical use for reasons such as lack of reliability.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is an operation pattern switching device that can be configured in a compact manner and that can easily switch operation patterns while being an operation pattern switching device applicable to a pilot system. An object is to provide an apparatus.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a connection relationship between an operation valve that outputs a pilot pressure corresponding to an operation amount and a control valve that is pilot-operated by the pilot pressure from the operation valve is set in a plurality of operation patterns. In the pilot type operation pattern switching device for switching to one selected from the above, one device main body, a plurality of axially actuated spools provided in the device main body, and turning on an electrical input signal for these spools A plurality of spool actuating portions that are actuated by being turned off and displaced in the axial on position and off position, and a path that communicates via the plurality of spools are changed by a combination of on and off of the plurality of spool actuating portions. The operation pattern cutting having a plurality of pilot pressure passages that change the connection relation between the plurality of inlet ports and the plurality of outlet ports. It is a device.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the plurality of spools in the operation pattern switching device according to the first aspect includes a first spool, a second spool, a third spool, and a fourth spool, The spool operating portion includes a first electromagnetic switching valve that communicates either one of the pilot hydraulic power source and the oil tank with the end of the first spool and the end of the second spool, and the pilot hydraulic power source and the oil tank. A plurality of pilot pressure passages, each of which includes a second electromagnetic switching valve that communicates with the end of the third spool and the end of the fourth spool through the first spool in the on position. An operation pattern having a configuration divided into a first passage group configured through the first spool and the fourth spool and a second passage group configured through the second spool and the third spool. Switching device .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first electromagnetic switching valve and the second electromagnetic switching valve in the operation pattern switching device according to the second aspect are provided on one side of the device main body and on the opposite side to the one side. It is an operation pattern switching device comprising solenoids respectively installed on the other side surfaces, and movable valve portions that are respectively installed in the device main body at positions corresponding to these solenoids and are operated in the axial direction by the solenoids. .

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of axially actuated spools are provided in one apparatus body, and the spools are operated in the axial direction by a plurality of spool actuating portions that are actuated by turning on / off electrical input signals. By displacing to the on position and the off position and changing the plurality of pilot pressure passages communicated via the plurality of spools by the combination of the on and off of the plurality of spool operating portions, the plurality of inlet ports and the plurality of Since it is an operation pattern switching device that changes the connection relationship with the outlet port, the connection between the operation valve that outputs the pilot pressure corresponding to the operation amount and the control valve that is pilot operated by the pilot pressure from this operation valve The system can be applied to a pilot system for switching the relationship, and can be operated by a plurality of axially actuated spools provided in the apparatus main body. This operation pattern switching device can be configured in a compact manner, and the operation pattern can be easily switched electrically by a plurality of spool actuating portions that can be remotely operated by turning on / off electrical input signals. The installation space can be easily secured.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the first electromagnetic switching valve for communicating either one of the pilot hydraulic pressure source and the oil tank with the end portions of the first and second spools, the end portion of the third spool, A second electromagnetic switching valve that communicates with the end of the fourth spool through the first spool in the on position, and a plurality of pilot pressure passages are configured through the first and fourth spools. Since one passage group and a second passage group constituted through the second and third spools are divided into four types by four electromagnetic switching valves and two passage groups via four spools. An operation pattern switching device capable of electrically switching operation patterns can be easily configured.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, the first and second electromagnetic switching valves are respectively installed on one side surface of the apparatus main body and on the other side surface opposite to the one side surface, Since the movable valve portions respectively installed in the apparatus main body at positions corresponding to the solenoids are provided, it is possible to mount the solenoids and the movable valve sections of the two electromagnetic switching valves on the compactly formed apparatus main body.

It is the 1st pattern circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the operation pattern switching device concerning the present invention. It is a front view of a switching apparatus same as the above. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device of the same as FIG. 2III-III. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. It is a 2nd pattern circuit diagram of a switching apparatus same as the above. It is a 3rd pattern circuit diagram of a switching apparatus same as the above. It is a 4th pattern circuit diagram of a switching apparatus same as the above. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram which shows the example of application of the conventional operation pattern switching apparatus.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on one embodiment shown in FIGS.

  The operation pattern switching device 21 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 operates the pilot primary pressure supplied from the pilot pump 10P of the excavator 14 in the same manner as the conventional operation pattern switching device 13 shown in FIG. By operating the pilot valves (so-called remote control valves) 11R and 11L that are output after being reduced to the pilot secondary pressure (hereinafter simply referred to as pilot pressure) according to the amount of operation by the levers 10R and 10L, and the pilot pressure from the operating valves 11R and 11L Although common in the pilot system for switching the connection relation with the control valve 12 operated by the pilot to one operation pattern selected from a plurality of operation patterns, the conventional operation pattern switching device 13 shown in FIG. The operation pattern shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 is used to manually rotate the rotary shaft to switch the operation pattern to another operation pattern. The switching device 21 has a structure that can electrically switch the connection relationship between the operation valves 11R, 11L and the control valve 12 by the pilot passage in four ways.

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, this operation pattern switching device 21 has four spool holes 23 penetrating through the inside of a device body 22 formed in a block shape. A first spool 24, a second spool 25, a third spool 26, and a fourth spool 27, which are axially actuated, are fitted in the shaft 23 so as to be slidable in the axial direction.

  One end of each of the spools 24, 25, 26, 27 is provided with a spring receiving portion 31 that is integrated with the side surface of the apparatus main body 22, and the spools 24, 25 are disposed inside the spring receiving portion 31. , 26, 27 are provided with a return spring 32 for urging the oil tank 18 in the opposite direction, and a drain port 33 for collecting the leaked oil in the oil tank 18, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, these spools 24, 25, 26, 27 are operated by turning on / off electric input signals to be displaced into an on position and an off position in the axial direction. A first electromagnetic switching unit that communicates either one of a pilot hydraulic pressure source 34 such as a pilot pump driven by an in-vehicle engine and an oil tank 18 with the end of the first spool 24 and the end of the second spool 25 A valve 35 communicates with either the pilot hydraulic power source 34 or the oil tank 18 through the end of the third spool 26 and the end of the fourth spool 27 via the first spool 24 in the on position. 2 electromagnetic switching valves 36.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first electromagnetic switching valve 35 and the second electromagnetic switching valve 36 are provided on one side surface of the apparatus main body 22 and on the other side surface located on the opposite side to the one side surface. Solenoids 37 installed respectively, and spool-type movable valve portions 38 respectively installed in the apparatus main body 22 and operated in the axial direction by the respective solenoids 37 as shown in FIG. It has.

  Each solenoid 37 of the first and second electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 is connected to a power source (vehicle battery) through a switch. The switch can be operated on a monitor having an input function provided in the cab 15 of the hydraulic excavator 14 or on an operation panel arranged in the vicinity of the driver's seat.

  The pilot pressure output from the first electromagnetic switching valve 35 is guided to the ends of the first spool 24 and the second spool 25 on the non-spring side through the passage 39, and the second electromagnetic switching valve 36. The pilot pressure output from the second spool is guided to the end of the third spool 26 on the side opposite to the spring via the passage 40a, and passes through the passage 40b which can communicate with the passage 40a by the displacement of the first spool 24. Guided to the end of the spool 27 on the non-spring side.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 to 7, the apparatus main body 22 includes a plurality of spools 24, 25 by a combination of on / off of the first electromagnetic switching valve 35 and the second electromagnetic switching valve 36. , 26, 27, by changing the passages communicating with each other, a plurality of inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and a plurality of outlet ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, A plurality of pilot pressure passages 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 that change the connection relationship with 7, 8 are formed.

  These pilot pressure passages 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 include a first passage group 41 to 43 configured through a first spool 24 and a fourth spool 27, and a second spool 25. And the second spool group 44 to 46 configured through the third spool 26.

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the pilot pressure passages 41, 44, 46, 43 have a plurality of annular grooves provided on the inner peripheral surface of each spool hole 23 and each spool 24, 25, 26, 27. The pilot pressure passage 42 is formed between the spool holes 23 of the first spool 24 and the fourth spool 27, and is formed by overlapping with a plurality of annular concave grooves provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first spool 24. The pilot pressure passage 45 is formed by a through hole formed between the spool holes 23 of the second spool 25 and the third spool 26.

  When the spools 24, 25, 26, and 27 are displaced in the axial direction, the annular grooves on the inner peripheral surface of the spool holes 23 and the annular grooves on the outer peripheral surfaces of the spools 24, 25, 26, and 27 are exceeded. As the wrap state changes, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 to 7, a plurality of inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and a plurality of outlet ports 1, 2, 3 are used. , 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 change.

  These inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and outlet ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of each spool hole 23. A pipe connection port that opens to the outside through a passage formed in a radial direction from the annular groove. The inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are provided on the front surface of the apparatus body 22 as shown in FIG. 2, and the outlet ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are provided. , 8 are provided on the back surface (not shown) of the apparatus main body 22.

  As described above, the operation pattern switching device adopting a structure in which the four spools 24, 25, 26, 27 are operated by the two electromagnetic switching valves 35, 36 as the pattern switching means for switching the operation pattern to another operation pattern. 21, the connection relationship between the inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and the outlet ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 in each operation pattern is as follows. Table 1 shows.

  Next, the function and effect of the illustrated embodiment will be described.

  As shown in Table 1, the four patterns of operation of the first pattern, the second pattern, the third pattern, and the fourth pattern are performed by turning on and off the solenoids 37 of the two electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36. Since the pattern can be switched electrically, a specific description will be given.

(First pattern)
As shown in FIG. 1, when both solenoids 37 of the first and second electromagnetic switching valves 35, 36 are turned off, all the spools 24, 25, 26, 27 are not displaced, so the inlet port A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H communicate with the outlet ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 5, 6, 7 through the pilot pressure passages 41 to 46.

(Second pattern)
As shown in FIG. 5, when the solenoid 37 of the first electromagnetic switching valve 35 is turned on and the solenoid 37 of the second electromagnetic switching valve 36 is turned off, the switched first electromagnetic switching valve 35 Since both the first and second spools 24 and 25 are displaced by the pilot pressure passing through the movable valve portion 38, the inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H and the outlet ports 8, 7, 6, 5, 3, 2, 1, and 4 communicate with each other through the pilot pressure passage.

(Third pattern)
As shown in FIG. 6, when the solenoid 37 of the first electromagnetic switching valve 35 is turned off and the solenoid 37 of the second electromagnetic switching valve 36 is turned on, the switched second electromagnetic switching valve 36 Since only the third spool 26 is displaced by the pilot pressure passing through the movable valve portion 38, the inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and the outlet ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 6, 7, and 8 communicate with each other through the pilot pressure passage.

(4th pattern)
As shown in FIG. 7, when both solenoids 37 of the first and second electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 are turned on, the movable valves of the switched first and second electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 are switched. Since all the spools 24, 25, 26, 27 are displaced by the pilot pressure passing through the portion 38, the inlet ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and the outlet ports 6, 7, 8, 5 , 3, 2, 1, and 4 communicate with each other through the pilot pressure passage.

  As described above, a plurality of axially actuated spools 24 to 27 are provided in one apparatus main body 22 formed in a block shape, and the spools 24 to 27 are operated by turning on / off the electric input signal. The second electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 are displaced to the on and off positions in the axial direction, and are communicated via a plurality of spools 24 to 27 by a combination of on / off of the electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36. Since the operation pattern switching device 21 changes the connection relationship between the plurality of inlet ports A to H and the plurality of outlet ports 1 to 8 by changing the plurality of pilot pressure passages 41 to 46, it corresponds to the operation amount. It can be applied to a pilot system that switches the connection between the control valves (remote control valves) 11R, 11L that output pilot pressure and the control valve 12 that is pilot operated by the pilot pressure from the control valves 11R, 11L. The operation pattern switching device 21 can be configured compactly by a plurality of axially actuated spools 24 to 27 provided in the device main body 22, and the operation pattern can be switched remotely by turning on / off electrical input signals. Since the first and second electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 can be electrically simplified, an installation space for the operation pattern switching device can be easily secured.

  For example, even when the operation pattern switching device 21 is installed in a place where it is difficult to reach a small hydraulic excavator, it is easy to switch the operation pattern from a monitor or operation panel with a switch input function provided in the cab 15. Can be done.

  In addition, a first electromagnetic switching valve 35 communicating either one of the pilot hydraulic power source 34 or the oil tank 18 with the end portions of the first and second spools 24, 25, and the end portion of the third spool 26 and the ON And a second electromagnetic switching valve 36 communicating with the end of the fourth spool 27 through the first spool 24 in the position, and a plurality of pilot pressure passages 41 to 46 are connected to the first and fourth spools 24. , 27 are divided into a first passage group 41-43 and a second passage group 44-46 constituted through the second and third spools 25, 26, so that two electromagnetic switching The operation pattern switching device 21 that can electrically switch the four operation patterns easily by the valves 35, 36 and the two passage groups 41-43, 44-46 through the four spools 24-27. Can be configured.

  Furthermore, first and second electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 are respectively installed on one side surface of the apparatus main body 22 and on the other side surface located on the opposite side to the one side surface, and these solenoids 37. And the movable valve portions 38 respectively installed in the apparatus main body 22 at positions corresponding to the solenoid 37 and the solenoid valves 37 and the movable valves of the two electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 in the apparatus main body 22 formed compactly. Part 38 can be attached.

  As described above, the four-type pattern changer according to the present invention moves the spools 24 to 27 having the simple structure by the two electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 to operate the operation valves 11R and 11L (so-called remote control valves). It is characterized by a structure that allows the electrical connection between the pilot-operated control valve 12 and the pilot piping to be switched easily, and can accommodate four types of operation patterns with a small number of parts.

  The present invention is not limited to hydraulic excavators, and can also be applied to special machines such as agricultural machines, forestry machines, and crushers to which a hydraulic excavator base machine is applied. Further, in the above embodiment, the electromagnetic switching valves 35 and 36 are exemplified as the spool operating part, and the spools 24 to 27 are driven by being converted into the pilot pressure, but the present invention is a solenoid type as the spool operating part. A system in which the spools 24-27 are directly driven by an actuator (not shown) is also included.

  The present invention has industrial applicability to those who manufacture, sell, and lend the operation pattern switching device as a business.

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H Inlet port 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Outlet port
11R, 11L operation valve
12 Control valve
18 Oil tank
21 Operation pattern switching device
22 Main unit
24, 25, 26, 27 Spool
34 Pilot hydraulic power source
35, 36 Solenoid switching valve as spool operating part
37 Solenoid
38 Moving valve
41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 Pilot pressure passage
41-43 1st passage group
44-46 2nd passage group

Claims (3)

A pilot system that switches the connection relationship between an operation valve that outputs a pilot pressure corresponding to an operation amount and a control valve that is pilot-operated by the pilot pressure from the operation valve, to one selected from a plurality of operation patterns In the operation pattern switching device of
One device body,
A plurality of axially actuated spools provided in the apparatus body;
A plurality of spool actuating portions that operate by turning on and off the electrical input signal to displace the spools to an on position and an off position in the axial direction;
A plurality of pilot pressure passages that change the connection relationship between the plurality of inlet ports and the plurality of outlet ports by changing the passages that communicate with each other through the plurality of spools by a combination of on / off of the plurality of spool operating portions. An operation pattern switching device comprising: Multiple spools
A first spool, a second spool, a third spool, and a fourth spool;
Multiple spool actuating parts
A first electromagnetic switching valve that communicates either one of the pilot hydraulic power source and the oil tank with the end of the first spool and the end of the second spool;
A second electromagnetic switching valve that communicates either one of the pilot hydraulic power source and the oil tank with the end of the third spool and the end of the fourth spool through the first spool in the on position;
Multiple pilot pressure passages
A first passage group configured through a first spool and a fourth spool;
The operation pattern switching device according to claim 1, wherein the operation pattern switching device is divided into a second passage group configured through a second spool and a third spool. The first electromagnetic switching valve and the second electromagnetic switching valve are:
Solenoids respectively installed on one side surface of the apparatus main body and the other side surface opposite to the one side surface;
The operation pattern switching device according to claim 2, further comprising a movable valve portion that is installed in the apparatus main body at a position corresponding to the solenoid and is operated in the axial direction by each solenoid.

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