JP2013113074A - Wall body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rational wall body suited to rigidity required in each location without deteriorating construction efficiency, by combining a steel pipe with a steel sheet pile wall and changing the rigidity of a steel sheet pile and a pitch of the steel pipe depending on a location when the required rigidity is different depending on the location since a part where a wall height is gradually changed is provided.SOLUTION: A wall body 11 is used as a retaining wall, an earth-retaining wall or a water cut-off wall, and has a different height depending on the location. The wall body 11 includes a steel sheet pile wall 13 composed of a hat-shaped steel sheet pile 12 and steel pipes 14 lined and provided along the steel sheet pile wall 13. The type of the steel sheet pile and an interval of the steel pipes 14 with each other are set on the basis of the required rigidity that is changed depending on a height. Thus, the wall body 11 changes the rigidity depending on the height, the wall body rigidity and a penetration length to an underground section are rationalized, and a material cost is reduced.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall body that is used as a retaining wall, a retaining wall, or a water blocking wall, and that uses a steel sheet pile and a steel pipe and whose wall height gradually changes.

Conventionally, there are cases where a steel retaining sheet or a steel pipe sheet pile is continuously driven into a road retaining wall, a semi-underground road retaining wall, or a river revetment to construct an earth retaining wall or a water blocking wall.
For example, when the wall height K gradually changes along the natural ground line M as shown in FIG. 2, the member dimensions (types of steel sheet piles and steel pipe sheet piles are basically based on the place where the wall height K is the highest. And type) are often determined. That is, regardless of the wall height K, a steel sheet pile of the same type and type or a steel pipe sheet pile having the same diameter and the same thickness is used for the entire wall body 1. In that case, in the portion where the wall height K of the wall body 1 is low, for example, the steel sheet pile or the steel pipe sheet pile having the same rigidity as that of the portion where the wall height K is high although the earth pressure is low is used. The rigidity as a retaining wall becomes excessive. In general, the penetration length of the steel sheet pile or the steel pipe sheet pile is generally set according to the rigidity. Therefore, if the penetration depth is the same even if the wall height K is low, the penetration depth is also increased. As a result, useless material costs are spent.

JP 2009-235671 A

When the wall height K changes, there is also an idea of rationalizing the material cost constituting the wall body by applying a steel sheet pile having a required rigidity according to the wall height K. That is, a method of sequentially changing the shape, model, and size of the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe sheet pile used according to the wall height K can be considered.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 is first used for a section having a low wall height. The hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 having a left-right asymmetric joint that is cast in the same direction and fits is excellent in workability and cross-sectional performance per steel material weight, and is economical. However, at present, only two types, 10H and 25H, are manufactured, so if the wall height increases and the rigidity and proof stress are insufficient, the IVw, VL, Change material to VIL type. When the wall height is further increased, the material is changed from the steel sheet pile to the steel pipe sheet pile 4.

In such a structure, it is necessary to form a continuous wall body by fitting the hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 and the U-shaped steel sheet pile 3 and further the U-shaped steel sheet pile 3 and the steel pipe sheet pile 4 together. In addition, the joint of the hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 and the joint of the U-shaped steel sheet pile 3 cannot be directly fitted because the shapes of the joints are different. Moreover, a problem also arises in the fitting of the joint portion between the steel pipe sheet pile 4 and the steel sheet pile 3.
Therefore, it has been proposed to provide another type of steel sheet pile joint on the flange of the hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 (see, for example, Patent Document 1). If this hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 is used, it becomes possible to construct the continuous wall body 1 by fitting the hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 and the U-shaped steel sheet pile 3 to each other. It is necessary to attach the joints of other types of steel sheet piles by welding, etc., which takes time for production and processing. In addition, since the hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 has a special shape, a new gripping device capable of gripping the hat-shaped steel sheet pile 2 having a special shape is required for the device for driving the pile. There is.

  Furthermore, when steel pipe sheet piles 4 and steel sheet piles 2 and 3 are continuously driven into the ground to construct steel pipe sheet pile walls and steel sheet pile walls, reaction force is taken from the steel sheet piles 2 and 3 and steel pipe sheet piles 4 that have been previously press-fitted. In addition, a hydraulic press-fitting method using a pile press-fitting device (pyler) for press-fitting the next steel sheet piles 2 and 3 and a steel pipe sheet pile 4 is known. Yes, the pile press-in device may differ depending on the type of steel sheet pile and the diameter of the steel pipe sheet pile. For example, in the case of the wall body 1 shown in FIG. 3, a pile press-in device for a hat-shaped steel sheet pile (hat piler) is used from the lower wall height, and then a pile press-in device for a U-shaped steel sheet pile ( U pile) is used, and finally, a pile press-in device (steel pipe pillar) for steel pipe sheet piles is used, so that the construction efficiency is remarkably deteriorated, resulting in a long construction period and high cost.

  Considering the increase in construction cost and construction period due to switching of the pile press-fitting device, the steel sheet piles 2 and 3 having the same width or the steel pipe sheet pile 4 having the same diameter are used even if the wall height is different in the same wall body 1. It was common to use. However, in the section where the wall height is low, there is an excessive rigidity, which increases the penetration length, and the problem is that the structure is not rational.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when the wall height changes gradually and the required rigidity varies depending on the location, a steel pipe is combined with the steel sheet pile wall, and the rigidity of the steel sheet pile or the steel pipe It is an object to provide a reasonable wall body corresponding to the required rigidity at each location at a low cost without deteriorating the construction efficiency by changing the pitch and the like.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a wall body according to claim 1 is a wall body in which a plurality of steel sheet piles are connected by a joint, and a wall height changes upon extension of construction, and at least a part of the wall body. The section is composed of a combination wall in which steel pipes are arranged side by side along a steel sheet pile.

  In the invention according to claim 1, for example, in one continuous wall body, only a steel sheet pile wall is provided in a section where the wall height is low, and a section where the wall height is higher than that and the steel sheet pile wall is insufficient is insufficient. A combined wall in which steel pipes are installed side by side along the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet pile.

In this structure, the rigidity of the section changes depending on the combination with the steel pipe, so that the steel sheet pile wall can be constructed only with steel sheet piles in which the same steel sheet piles or joints are interchangeable. Thereby, it is not necessary to perform joint fitting processing, and it is possible to prevent an increase in construction cost and construction period due to a change in construction machine for construction extension. That is, even if it is necessary to change the construction machine (pressing machine) between the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe, the construction machine needs to be changed only once. Moreover, a steel pipe may be constructed with the same construction machine as a steel sheet pile, or may be constructed separately with a vibratory hammer.
Moreover, if the same type of steel sheet pile is used, the wall thickness of the steel sheet pile wall can be made the same. Thereby, there exists an effect of keeping constant wall thickness when combining with a steel pipe. If the wall thickness is kept constant, there will be no step on the front surface of the wall body, and the aesthetics will not be impaired.

  The wall according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a steel sheet pile model, a steel pipe outer diameter, a steel pipe sheet thickness, and a steel pipe interval is changed for each predetermined section of the wall. Characterized by

By changing at least one of the model of the steel sheet pile, the outer diameter of the steel pipe, the thickness of the steel pipe sheet, and the interval between the steel pipes for each predetermined section of the wall body, the rigidity of the combination wall can be arbitrarily set depending on the location. In this case, in addition to preventing excessive rigidity at the low wall height, the penetration length required from the rigidity can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost.
When changing the interval between steel pipes, not only a combined wall in which steel pipes are arranged at a ratio of one steel pipe to one steel sheet pile, but also a steel pipe at a ratio of one steel pipe to three consecutive steel sheet piles, for example. It is also possible to change the rigidity of the combination wall by arranging a steel pipe at a ratio of one steel pipe to two steel sheet piles.

  The wall according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the outer shape of the steel pipe is the same, and at least one of the steel sheet pile model, the steel pipe plate thickness, and the steel pipe interval is set for each predetermined section of the wall. Characterized by changes.

By making the outer diameters of the steel pipes the same, the wall thickness of the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe combined can be kept constant. In addition, it is not necessary to change the size of the gripping portion of the construction machine when placing the steel pipe, and the construction becomes easier.
On the other hand, the rigidity of the combination wall can be arbitrarily set depending on the location by changing at least one of the steel sheet pile model, the steel pipe plate thickness, and the steel pipe interval.

  The wall according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a hat-shaped steel sheet pile is used as the steel sheet pile.

Hat-shaped steel sheet piles are superior in workability compared to U-shaped steel sheet piles and Z-shaped steel sheet piles, and can reduce construction costs and construction periods.
In addition, by combining a steel sheet pile and a steel pipe, a hat-shaped steel sheet pile excellent in economic efficiency can be applied as a material for the steel sheet pile wall even when the rigidity of the hat-shaped steel sheet pile alone is insufficient.
Furthermore, the hat-shaped steel sheet pile does not cause longitudinal displacement at the joint, and the cross-sectional performance is efficient and clear. Since it becomes the smallest among various steel sheet piles such as steel sheet piles, the effect of facilitating the management of construction and ensuring of accuracy can be expected by making the wall body combining the steel pipe and the steel sheet pile more stable.

  The wall body according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the depth of the steel sheet pile in the combination wall is different from that of the steel pipe. To do.

  The penetration length of the steel sheet pile of the combination wall in which the steel pipes are juxtaposed along the steel sheet pile can be set smaller than when only the steel sheet pile is used as the wall body. Normally, in steel sheet piles and steel pipe sheet piles, in order to ensure horizontal resistance against earth pressure and water pressure acting on the wall, the penetration length according to its rigidity is set, but in the combination wall the horizontal direction Therefore, it is possible to secure the steel sheet pile to the minimum length necessary for water stop and earth retaining. In that case, it is often sufficient for the steel sheet pile to have a depth of about 1 to 2 m from the point where the earth pressure acting on the front side and the back side is balanced. Also, if you do not need rigidity, such as stopping groundwater and preventing boiling, and if you need a length to cut the front and back of the wall, you can make the steel sheet pile deeper than the steel pipe. Good.

  The wall according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe are connected at the head.

If the heads are connected, and the structure is such that at least horizontal force can be transmitted between the steel pipe and the steel sheet pile, the steel pipe and the steel sheet pile will show different behavior regardless of the direction in which earth pressure or water pressure acts. Therefore, it becomes a structure that shares and takes charge of earth pressure and water pressure, and can be a rational and more stable wall body. In particular, even when a steel pipe is placed on the back side of the wall (the steel sheet pile wall is on the excavation side), the transmission of the force between the steel pipe and the steel sheet pile is ensured, preventing both from acting separately and stable. A realistic wall can be constructed.
Even if it is desirable to install the steel pipe and the steel sheet pile at a certain distance from the viewpoint of construction restrictions and ease, it is necessary to secure the transmission of both forces by connecting the heads. , Both can be made a rational wall body that resists earth pressure by sharing without acting separately. In addition, when providing a space | interval between a steel pipe and a steel sheet pile, if the space | interval is about 100-200 mm, the dimension and required proof stress of the member for connecting a head and the thickness as the whole wall body will increase so much. In addition, the stability as a wall body combining a steel pipe and a steel sheet pile is not impaired.

  The wall according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the existing steel sheet pile wall or the steel sheet pile previously placed is gripped, and this is reacted. As described above, the combination wall portion is constructed by hydraulic press-fitting or rotational press-fitting of a steel pipe into a predetermined position.

  Unlike conventional methods in which a reaction force is obtained from a steel pipe that has already been cast and the next steel pipe is press-fitted, the reaction force is taken from the steel sheet pile wall and the steel pipe is hydraulically or rotationally press-fitted. Can be greatly improved. In other words, when the reaction force is obtained from a steel pipe that has already been laid, if the installation pitch of the steel pipe is to be increased, the construction machine must also be enlarged, but the steel pipe must be press-fitted by obtaining the reaction force from the continuous steel sheet pile wall. Thus, the steel pipe can be installed at an arbitrary pitch, and the installation pitch can be increased or the pitch can be easily changed depending on the required rigidity of the wall body.

  In addition, both the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe are used to press-fit the next steel sheet pile or pipe while obtaining the reaction force by gripping the existing steel sheet pile wall with the reaction force gripping device. By replacing only the device for gripping, both the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe can be constructed with a single construction machine, and the construction cost and construction period can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, when the steel pipe is rotationally press-fitted, the reaction force from the existing steel sheet pile wall required during construction can be reduced. It is possible to obtain the effect of being able to install and reducing the depth of the steel sheet pile necessary for obtaining a required reaction force.

  Further, when a steel pipe is placed on the hard ground, the steel pipe 15 can be press-fitted without using an excavating apparatus such as an earth auger or a water jet. When a device such as an auger is used in combination, the machine becomes larger, and the crane becomes larger accordingly, resulting in an increase in construction cost. In addition, the use of water jets may loosen the surrounding ground, necessitate a space for temporarily storing muddy water, equipment for circulation, etc. It will be necessary to increase the cost.

  According to the present invention, as a retaining wall, earth retaining wall or water blocking wall having a portion where the wall height changes, a steel sheet pile wall made of a steel sheet pile and a combination wall provided with a steel pipe along the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet pile, By using the wall body configured from the above, and adjusting the model of the steel sheet pile to be combined, the thickness and diameter of the steel pipe, and the interval between the steel pipes, the rigidity corresponding to the wall height can be obtained. Thereby, the construction cost of the wall body can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows the wall body which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view. It is a side view which shows the wall body in which the cross section of the steel sheet pile or the steel pipe sheet pile was determined in the area where wall height is the highest. It is a side view which shows the wall body formed by constructing a several different steel sheet pile and a steel pipe sheet pile in a line with the wall body in which the wall height differs.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the wall body 11 as a retaining wall, earth retaining wall or water blocking wall of this embodiment is, for example, a steel sheet pile pressed into the ground in a state where a plurality of hat-shaped steel sheet piles 12 are connected. It includes a wall 13 and a plurality of steel pipes 14 that are press-fitted in close proximity to a state where the steel sheet pile wall 13 is substantially in contact with the steel sheet pile 12. Moreover, the several steel pipe 14 is arrange | positioned at 1 row, and forms the steel pipe row | line | column 15, for example. Note that the steel sheet pile 12 and the steel pipe 14 may be installed at a distance from each other and then connected at the head to transmit a force to each other. In that case, either direction of the steel pipe 14 installed with respect to the steel sheet pile wall 13 may be sufficient, and it can select freely according to the combination of a steel sheet pile and a steel pipe, consideration to a landscape, etc.

  The wall body 11 has a portion where the wall height K is gradually increased, for example, along the natural ground line M, and a portion where the wall height K is constant in a state where the wall height K is the highest. Since the wall height K is high in the portion where the wall height K is constant, high rigidity is required. In the range where the wall height K of the portion where one wall height K is gradually increased is low, for example, when a retaining wall is used, the earth pressure acting on the wall body 11 is small. Does not require very high rigidity.

  In this example, 10H (12a) of a hat-shaped steel sheet pile having low rigidity is used alone from a portion having a low wall height K of the wall body 11, and 25H of a hat-shaped steel sheet pile is used in a portion where the wall height K is slightly increased. (12a) is used.

  Further, in the section where the wall height K is higher, a portion combining the steel sheet pile 10H and the steel pipe 14 is formed. In this part, the steel pipe 14 is juxtaposed along the steel sheet pile wall 13 at a ratio of one steel pipe 14 to two steel sheet piles of 10H, and constitutes a combination wall. That is, the steel pipe 14 is disposed adjacent to every other steel sheet pile.

  In the portion with the highest wall height K, a steel sheet pile having a model of 10H and a steel pipe 14 are arranged in combination, and a steel pipe 14 is juxtaposed with one steel sheet pile 12 at a ratio of one steel pipe. Is configured. As described above, by providing a portion where the steel pipe 14 is not provided with respect to the steel sheet pile wall 13 and a portion where the pitch of the steel pipe 14 is different, the rigidity changes depending on the location of the wall body 11, and the necessary rigidity and proof strength according to the wall height. Is secured.

Further, the steel sheet piles may be the same model, and the rigidity may be changed only in combination with the steel pipe. In that case, the wall thickness of the steel sheet pile wall portion can be made constant, and there is an effect such as keeping the separation between the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe constant or eliminating the step on the front surface of the wall body.
In addition, about the steel pipe 14, if the diameter is changed, unless the size of the holding device of the construction machine is changed, the steel pipe 14 may not be gripped, and it is preferable to change the steel pipe pitch or the plate thickness rather than the diameter.

  In addition, the earth pressure and water pressure acting on the wall body must be obtained from the rigidity of the steel sheet pile wall section by securing the steel sheet pile in the section of the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe in the combined wall section. It has a long root. Since the horizontal resistance is taken by the steel pipe in the combination wall, the steel sheet pile can be kept to the minimum length necessary for water stop and earth retaining. In that case, the steel sheet pile is considered to be sufficient if it is rooted about 1m to 2m from the point of earth pressure acting on the front and back, and is smaller than when only the steel sheet pile is used as the wall. ing.

  On the other hand, with regard to the construction of the wall body, for example, in such a wall body 11, first, in a section with a small wall height, a steel with a model of 10H is formed by a pile presser (hat piler) for the hat-shaped steel sheet pile 12. The sheet piles 12a are press-fitted one by one so as to be connected. When the wall height is increased and the required rigidity is increased, the steel sheet pile 12b of 25H is continuously press-fitted, and then the steel sheet pile 12a of 10H is press-fitted as a steel sheet pile of the combined wall body portion. In addition, since the joint part of 10H and 25H can mutually fit, and it can construct with the same machine fundamentally, construction of a steel sheet pile wall is attained continuously as it is.

  Then, the steel pipe 14 is rotationally press-fitted by taking a reaction force from the cast steel sheet pile wall 13. In that case, in order to grip the steel sheet pile in order to take the reaction force, the gripping device for the reaction force of the steel sheet pile press-in machine can be applied. It is possible to construct steel pipes with the same construction machines that are sometimes used. That is, it becomes possible to press-fit steel sheet piles and steel pipes with a single construction machine. In order to shorten the construction period, the steel sheet pile and the steel pipe may be driven by different construction machines. For example, a steel sheet pile or a steel pipe may be driven with a vibro hammer, or may be applied with a separate press-fitting machine.

  Thus, since the rigidity of the wall 11 can be changed relatively freely depending on the location, it is possible to prevent excessive rigidity in a part of the wall, for example, a portion where the wall height K is low, and to be obtained from the rigidity. The penetration depth can be reduced, and the amount of steel used to construct the wall can be rationalized. In addition, it is possible to reduce material costs without the need for processing such as welding of joints to the steel material in advance. In addition, it is possible to reduce construction costs and construction periods by avoiding replacement of construction machines and the combined use of earth augers and water jets.

  Moreover, by obtaining a reaction force from the steel sheet pile 12 and inserting a new steel pipe 14 against the existing retaining wall or revetment made of the steel sheet pile wall 13, for example, a river (occupies water in the cross section of the river) Reinforcement during excavation to increase the area or river flow cross-sectional area below the planned high water level) and reinforcement for improving earthquake resistance can be performed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Wall body 12 Steel sheet pile 13 Steel sheet pile wall 14 Steel pipe 15 Steel pipe row

Claims (7)

A plurality of steel sheet piles are connected by a joint, and the wall height changes on construction extension,
A wall body characterized in that at least a section of the wall body is composed of a combination wall in which steel pipes are arranged along a steel sheet pile.   The wall body according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a model of the steel sheet pile, an outer diameter of the steel pipe, a steel pipe sheet thickness, and a steel pipe interval is changed for each predetermined section of the wall body.   The wall body according to claim 1, wherein the outer shapes of the steel pipes are the same, and at least one of a model of the steel sheet pile, a steel pipe plate thickness, and a steel pipe interval is changed for each predetermined section of the wall body.   The wall body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a hat-shaped steel sheet pile is used as the steel sheet pile.   The wall body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a depth of the steel sheet pile in the combination wall is different from that of the steel pipe.   The wall sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a steel sheet pile and a steel pipe in the combination wall are connected by a head.   A combination wall portion is constructed by gripping an existing steel sheet pile wall or a steel sheet pile previously placed, and hydraulically or rotationally pressing the steel pipe into a predetermined position using this as a reaction force. The wall body according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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