JP2013111516A - Method and equipment for extinguishing marine life - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and equipment for extinguishing marine life capable of certainly subjecting the marine life to extinction in spite of small-scale equipment.SOLUTION: Seawater is supplied to the first flow channel of a heat exchanger equipped with first and second flow channels for allowing a fluid to flow from the head and the amount of heat capable of raising the temperature of the seawater in the first flow channel to the extinction temperature for extinguishing organisms in the seawater when the seawater flows through the second flow channel is given to the seawater flowing out of the first flow channel and the seawater to which the amount of heat is given is supplied into the second flow channel and the seawater in the first flow channel is heat-exchanged with the seawater in the second flow channel to perform an extinction process.

Description

  The present invention relates to a marine organism killing method and a marine organism killing treatment facility that kills organisms in the seawater by raising the temperature of seawater used or used for ship ballast.

  The seawater used or used for ship ballast is contaminated with organisms (microorganisms such as plankton, small animals such as starfish, or bacteria). Such seawater moves between different sea areas along with the ship, and is discharged from the ship in the destination sea area. At this time, organisms mixed in the seawater (hereinafter also referred to as marine organisms) are also discharged to the destination sea area. For this reason, there is a possibility that a living organism (an alien species) that did not live in the sea area from which seawater is discharged enters from other sea areas. There is a risk that such alien species will breed in the sea area where they have invaded and disrupt the ecosystem.

  As a method for solving such problems of alien species, a method for killing and treating marine organisms by increasing the temperature of seawater used or used as a ballast for ships has been proposed.

  Specifically, seawater preheated to a predetermined temperature is held in a high-temperature maintenance tank, and the seawater is heated to a predetermined temperature in the high-temperature maintenance tank and maintained for a predetermined time (until the marine organisms die). A method has been proposed. Thereby, marine organisms are killed over a predetermined time in the high-temperature maintenance tank (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-110276 A

  However, in the above method, since it is necessary to hold seawater at a predetermined temperature until marine organisms are killed in the high temperature maintenance tank, a high temperature maintenance tank (storage facility) with a large capacity is required. For this reason, facilities for killing marine organisms (hereinafter also referred to as killing treatment facilities) become large-scale, and accordingly, the space for installing such killing treatment facilities also becomes large-scale.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a marine organism killing method and a marine organism killing treatment facility that can surely kill marine organisms while being a small-scale facility.

  The method for killing marine organisms according to the present invention is a method for killing marine organisms in which the temperature of the seawater used in or used for the ballast of the ship is increased to kill the organisms in the seawater for treatment. A first flow path through which the fluid flows and a second flow path, from the water source to the first flow path of the heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the fluid in the first flow path and the fluid in the second flow path While supplying seawater, when the seawater flows through the second flow path, the temperature of the seawater in the first flow path can be raised above the temperature at which organisms in the seawater die. Characterized in that it comprises a killing process step of supplying heat, supplying seawater to which the heat is applied to the second flow path, and exchanging heat between the seawater in the first flow path and the seawater in the second flow path. To do.

  The heat exchange rate between the fluid in the first flow path and the fluid in the second flow path in the heat exchanger is not 100%, and heat loss usually occurs. Therefore, when the fluid flowing out from the first flow path is directly supplied to the second flow path, heat loss accumulates with time, and the fluid in the first flow path cannot be continuously heated to the required temperature. However, according to the above method, the amount of heat lost by heat exchange with the seawater flowing through the second flow path is given to the seawater flowing out from the first flow path in order to give the heat amount to the seawater flowing out from the first flow path. To be compensated. Then, the temperature at which marine organisms are killed by heat exchange of the seawater continuously supplied from the water source to the first channel by supplying the seawater supplemented with the amount of heat to the second channel (hereinafter referred to as the killing temperature). The temperature is raised more than the above. As a result, since marine organisms can be killed continuously in the heat exchanger, as in the past, facilities that store seawater while heating until marine organisms die (for example, high-temperature maintenance tanks and the like There is no need to use a heater that heats the seawater in the tank. For this reason, the structure of the apparatus which performs the killing process of a marine organism can be made small.

  In addition, by using a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the fluid that continuously flows in the first flow path and the fluid that flows continuously in the second flow path, the marine organisms are killed. Seawater does not stay in the seawater flow path. For this reason, it can suppress that a sediment accumulates in the flow path of seawater until a marine organism is killed. Thereby, the frequency of performing the operation | work which stops the killing process of a marine organism and removes the deposit accumulated in the flow path of seawater can be reduced. For this reason, the killing process of marine organisms can be performed efficiently.

  With the seawater from the water source supplied to the heat exchanger and the first channel and the second channel filled with seawater, the supply of seawater from the water source is stopped, and a predetermined amount of heat is given to the seawater flowing out from the first channel. Providing and supplying the second flow path with seawater flowing out from the second flow path to the first flow path, further comprising a circulation step of bringing the seawater in the first flow path and the second flow path to a dead temperature or higher, The killing process is preferably performed after the circulation process.

  According to the above method, a predetermined amount of heat is given to the seawater flowing out from the first channel and supplied to the second channel, and the seawater flowing out from the second channel is supplied again to the first channel. That is, seawater filled in the first flow path and the second flow path of the heat exchanger circulates while being given heat in one system. Thereby, the temperature difference of the seawater in a heat exchanger becomes small with time. Specifically, the seawater supplied to the first flow channel flows out of the second flow channel at a temperature higher than the temperature at which it was supplied. For this reason, the temperature difference of the seawater in a 1st flow path and the seawater in a 2nd flow path becomes small by performing the circulation process and supplying the seawater which flowed out from the 2nd flow path to the 1st flow path. As a result, the amount of heat transferred from the seawater in the second flow path to the seawater in the first flow path is reduced, and the temperature of the seawater flowing out from the second flow path increases with time. For this reason, the temperature difference between the seawater in the first flow path and the seawater in the second flow path becomes smaller with time, and the seawater in one system can be efficiently raised to the temperature having the above-mentioned heat amount. . Therefore, in the killing treatment step after the circulation step, even when seawater is newly supplied from the water source to the first flow path, heat exchange can be performed so that the seawater becomes equal to or higher than the killing temperature.

  After performing the killing process, the supply of seawater from the water source to the first flow path of the heat exchanger is stopped, the seawater flowing out from the second flow path is supplied to the first flow path, and the flow path of seawater is formed. It is preferable to further include a cleaning step of supplying a cleaning agent for cleaning the member to be fed into the seawater flow path.

  According to the above method, in the cleaning step, the seawater to which the cleaning agent is added circulates in one system including the first channel and the second channel. Therefore, cleaning of the entire members (specifically, members in the piping system and heat exchanger) forming the seawater flow path (circulation flow path) (for example, removal of attached scales) is effectively performed. .

  It is preferable to further include a water quality adjusting step of supplying a water quality adjusting agent for adjusting the quality of the seawater into the flow path through which the seawater flows.

  According to the above method, the water quality adjusting agent can be added to the seawater in the water quality adjusting process, so that the killing process process, the circulation process, or the washing process can be performed with the desired water quality. In addition, even if the water quality of the seawater has changed (deteriorated) by performing each process, the water quality modifier is added to the seawater, and the seawater is returned to the original water quality before being discharged to the discharge destination. Can do.

  In the heat exchanger, a plurality of the first flow paths and the second flow paths are alternately formed between the plurality of stacked heat transfer plates, with each heat transfer plate serving as a boundary. The first inflow passage and the first outflow passage through which the through holes are connected to allow the fluid to flow into and out of the first flow path are formed, and fluid having a higher temperature than the fluid supplied to the first flow path flows into and out of the second flow path. It is preferable that it is a plate type heat exchanger in which the 2nd inflow path and the 2nd outflow path to be formed were formed.

  According to the above method, since the heat exchange of seawater is performed using a plate heat exchanger, the heat exchange rate is high, and the temperature of the seawater in the first flow path can be quickly increased to the death temperature or higher, efficiency. It is possible to kill marine organisms.

  The marine organism killing treatment facility according to the present invention is a fluid that circulates in the marine organism killing treatment facility that kills organisms in the seawater by raising the temperature of the seawater used or used for the ballast of the ship. A heat exchanger having a first flow path and a second flow path arranged so that heat exchange can be performed between them, and a first fluid path for fluidly connecting an inlet of the first flow path of the heat exchanger and the seawater source. A first piping system, a second piping system fluidly connecting the outlet of the first flow path of the heat exchanger and the inlet of the second flow path, an outlet of the second flow path of the heat exchanger, and a discharge destination of seawater A second piping system for fluidly connecting the seawater flowing out of the first flow path to the seawater flowing through the second flow path when the seawater flows through the second flow path. Provide a calorific value donating section that gives heat that can raise the temperature above the temperature at which organisms in seawater die And features.

  According to the said structure, the seawater from a water source is supplied to the 1st flow path of a heat exchanger via a 1st piping system. Seawater flowing through the first channel and flowing out from the outlet of the first channel is supplied to the second channel via the second piping system. At this time, the amount of heat is given to the seawater that has flowed out of the first flow path in the heat amount donating section of the second piping system.

  Here, the heat exchange rate between the fluid in the first flow path and the fluid in the second flow path in the heat exchanger is not 100%, and heat loss usually occurs. Therefore, when the fluid flowing out from the first flow path is directly supplied to the second flow path, heat loss accumulates with time, and the fluid in the first flow path cannot be continuously heated to the required temperature. However, according to the above configuration, since the amount of heat is given to the seawater flowing out from the first channel, the amount of heat lost by heat exchange with the seawater flowing through the second channel is compared to the seawater flowing out from the first channel. To be compensated. And the seawater supplemented with calorie | heat amount is supplied to a 2nd flow path, and the temperature of the seawater continuously supplied from a water source with respect to a 1st flow path is raised to a death temperature or more by heat exchange. As a result, since marine organisms can be killed continuously in the heat exchanger, as in the past, facilities that store seawater while heating until marine organisms die (for example, high-temperature maintenance tanks and the like There is no need to use a heater that heats the seawater in the tank. For this reason, the structure of the facility which performs the killing process of marine organisms can be made small.

  And the seawater which flowed out from the exit of a 2nd flow path is discharged | emitted by the discharge destination via a 3rd piping system. Since the discharged seawater is in a state where organisms have been killed by heat exchange as described above, it is possible to prevent foreign species living in the sea area and ballast tank from which seawater is discharged. it can.

  A fourth piping system that fluidly connects the outlet of the second channel and the inlet of the first channel; the first piping system, the third piping system, and the fourth piping system provide a channel for the seawater; It is preferably configured to be openable and closable.

  According to the above configuration, the first piping system and the third piping in a state where the seawater flow path, the first flow path, and the second flow path of the first piping system to the fourth piping system are filled with seawater from the water source. The seawater channel in the system is closed, and the seawater channel in the fourth piping system is opened, so that the first channel and the second channel, the seawater channel in the second piping system, and the fourth piping A circulation channel is formed which is connected to the channel of seawater in the system. Then, the seawater filled in the circulation channel circulates while being given the amount of heat in the circulation channel. Thereby, while the temperature difference of the seawater in a heat exchanger becomes small with time, the temperature of such seawater can be efficiently raised to the temperature which has said calorie | heat amount. Specifically, seawater circulates in the circulation channel, so that the seawater supplied to the first channel flows out of the first channel and is heated in the second piping system, and then flows into the second channel. Then, heat is exchanged with the seawater in the first flow path, and it flows out of the second flow path at a temperature higher than the temperature at which it was supplied and is supplied to the first flow path again. As a result, the temperature of the seawater in the circulation channel rises with time, so that the temperature difference between the seawater in the heat exchanger decreases with time, and the temperature of the seawater reaches the temperature having the above-mentioned heat quantity. It can be raised efficiently. Accordingly, even when seawater is newly supplied from the water source to the first flow path and the killing process of the marine organisms is started as described above, heat exchange can be performed so that the seawater becomes equal to or higher than the killing temperature.

  A cleaning agent supplying means for supplying a cleaning agent for cleaning the member forming the sea water flow path into the flow path is connected to at least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, or the third piping system. Preferably it is. Alternatively, the cleaning agent supply means is preferably connected to at least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, the third piping system, or the fourth piping system.

  According to the above configuration, the cleaning agent is supplied from the cleaning agent supply means to the seawater flow path in each piping system, thereby cleaning the member forming the seawater flow path (for example, removing the attached scale). Can do.

  Also, a water quality adjusting agent supply means for supplying a water quality adjusting agent for adjusting the quality of the sea water into the flow path through which the sea water flows is connected to at least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, or the third piping system. It is preferable that Or it is preferable that the water quality regulator supply means is connected to at least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, the third piping system, or the fourth piping system.

  According to the said structure, seawater can be adjusted to the desired water quality by supplying a water quality regulator from the water quality regulator supply means in the flow path of seawater. Thereby, the killing process of marine organisms can be performed with the desired water quality, or the cleaning process of the member forming the seawater channel can be performed. Even if the water quality of the seawater has changed (deteriorated) by performing each treatment, the water quality modifier is supplied into the seawater flow path to return the seawater to the original water quality, Can be discharged.

  In the heat exchanger, a plurality of the first flow paths and the second flow paths are alternately formed between the plurality of stacked heat transfer plates, with each heat transfer plate serving as a boundary. The first inflow passage and the first outflow passage through which the through holes are connected to allow the fluid to flow into and out of the first flow path are formed, and fluid having a higher temperature than the fluid supplied to the first flow path flows into and out of the second flow path. It is preferable that it is a plate type heat exchanger in which the 2nd inflow path and the 2nd outflow path to be formed were formed.

  According to the above configuration, since the heat exchange of seawater is performed using a plate heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the temperature of the seawater in the first flow path can be quickly raised to the death temperature or higher, It is possible to kill marine organisms.

  As described above, according to the present invention, marine organisms can be surely killed while being a small facility.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram which shows the flow of the killing processing method of the marine organisms which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the killing processing equipment of marine organisms, Comprising: (a) is a block diagram at the time of performing a seawater introduction process, (b) Is a block diagram when performing a circulation process, (c) is a block diagram when performing a killing process step. It is a block diagram which shows the flow of the killing processing method of the marine organisms which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, and the killing processing facility of marine organisms, Comprising: (a) is a block diagram at the time of performing a washing process, (b) ) Is a block diagram when performing a water quality adjustment process. It is a block diagram which shows the flow of the killing method of the marine organisms which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, and the killing processing equipment of marine organisms, Comprising: The block at the time of killing the organism in the seawater in a ballast tank Figure.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The marine life killing method according to the present embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as a killing treatment method) and the marine organism killing processing facility (hereinafter also referred to as a killing treatment facility) are used or used as a ballast for a ship. It is used when killing organisms in the sea water (hereinafter also referred to as marine organisms). In the killing method according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the temperature of the seawater is obtained by supplying seawater used as ballast from the water source SI (specifically, in the sea) to the heat exchanger A for heat exchange. A killing treatment facility configured to kill the marine life by raising the water is used.

  The extinction treatment facility includes a heat exchanger A including a first flow path A1 and a second flow path A2 that are arranged so as to be able to exchange heat between the circulating fluids, and a first flow path A1 of the heat exchanger A. A first piping system R1 that fluidly connects the inlet A11 and the seawater source SI (in the present embodiment, in the sea), an outlet A12 of the first flow path A1 of the heat exchanger A, and an inlet of the second flow path A2. A second piping system R3 fluidly connecting A21, and a third piping system R3 fluidly connecting the outlet A22 of the second flow path A2 of the heat exchanger A and the seawater discharge destination (ballast tank T). And a fourth piping system R4 that fluidly connects the outlet A22 of the second channel A2 and the inlet A11 of the first channel A1.

  The heat exchanger A is configured to be able to exchange heat between the fluid in the first flow path A1 and the fluid in the second flow path A2. In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger A having a plurality of first flow paths A1 and second flow paths A2 is used. Specifically, the heat exchanger A includes a plurality of stacked heat transfer plates, and the first flow path A1 and the second flow path A2 are provided between the heat transfer plates with the heat transfer plates as boundaries. A plurality of plate heat exchangers formed alternately can be used.

  In the plate heat exchanger, a gasket is interposed between the heat transfer plates. The gasket is formed in an annular shape along the outer periphery of the heat transfer plate, and is formed in a space defined by the gasket interposed between the heat transfer plates and the opposing surfaces of the pair of heat transfer plates that sandwich the gasket. The first flow path A1 or the second flow path A2 is formed. Further, such a plate type heat exchanger has a plurality of heat transfer plates with gaskets interposed between a pair of plate-like frame members in the thickness direction, and the pair of frame members are tightening means (specifically Specifically, it is integrally formed by being tightened by a bolt member and a nut member.

  In the plate heat exchanger of the present embodiment, through holes are formed in each heat transfer plate, and the first inflow passage and the first outflow passage for allowing the fluid to flow into and out of the first flow passage A1 are formed by connecting the through holes. In addition, a second inflow path and a second outflow path are formed for allowing a fluid having a temperature higher than that of the fluid supplied to the first flow path A1 to flow into and out of the second flow path A2.

  The plate heat exchanger is composed of a plurality of first flow paths A1 having the same fluid flow direction and a plurality of second flow paths A2 in which the fluid flow direction is opposite to the first flow path. A plurality of heat exchange regions are provided. That is, each heat exchange region is composed of a plurality of first flow paths A1 and a plurality of second flow paths A2.

  In addition, the plate heat exchanger is configured such that the fluid exchanged in one heat exchange region is again heat exchanged in another heat exchange region. That is, the plate heat exchanger is configured to perform heat exchange in multiple stages. In addition, the plate type heat exchanger is configured so that the flow direction of the fluid in one heat exchange region and the flow direction of the fluid in the other heat exchange region of the two adjacent heat exchange regions are opposite to each other. It is configured. That is, the plate heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat while fluid flows in the opposite direction for each heat exchange region.

  For example, in one of the two adjacent heat exchange regions, in one heat exchange region, the fluid flows in the first flow path A1 from below to above, and the fluid flows in the second flow path A2 from above to below. In the other heat exchange region, the fluid flows in the first flow path A1 from the top to the bottom, and the fluid flows in the second flow path A2 from the bottom to the top. It is configured so that heat exchange is performed by flowing. The first flow paths A1 in each heat exchange region are fluidly connected, and the second flow paths A2 are also fluidly connected. The plate heat exchanger configured as described above allows the fluid exchanged in one heat exchange region to sequentially flow into the other heat exchange region, so that the fluid in the first flow path A1 for each heat exchange region. The flow directions are opposite to each other, and the flow directions of the fluid in the second flow path A2 for each heat exchange region are opposite to each other.

  The plate-type heat exchanger configured as described above is generally known as a multi-pass (multi-stage) heat exchanger, and is more than a single-pass heat exchanger (one area for heat exchange). Although it is a small scale, the flow path for heat exchange can be set long, and since the heat exchange rate is high, heat exchange can be performed effectively.

  Said 1st piping system R1 is connected with the heat exchanger A (specifically inlet A11 of 1st flow path A1), and is comprised so that the seawater from water source SI can be supplied to 1st flow path A1. Specifically, the first piping system R1 is a pipe L1 that circulates seawater from the water source SI to the heat exchanger A, and the first piping system R1 sucks seawater from the water source SI into the pipe L1 and pumps it to the heat exchanger A. One pump P1, a filter F for filtering the seawater S flowing in the pipe L1, and a first valve V1 for opening and closing the seawater flow path in the pipe L1 are provided.

  The second piping system R2 is connected to the heat exchanger A (specifically, the outlet A12 of the first flow path A1 and the inlet A21 of the second flow path A2), and the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 is second. It is comprised so that supply to flow path A2 is possible. Specifically, the second piping system R2 pumps the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 to the second flow path A2 and the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 to the second flow path A2. And a second valve V2 that discharges gas (such as air) existing in the seawater flow path to the outside of the flow path. In the present embodiment, the second pump P2 compensates for the pressure loss of the seawater that is pumped by the first pump P1 and flows through the first flow path A1, and distributes the seawater to the second flow path A2 and the third piping system R3. And is configured to be pumped to the ballast tank T.

  In the second piping system R2, a predetermined amount of heat is given to the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1. Specifically, the second piping system R2 includes a heat amount providing unit R21 that gives a predetermined amount of heat to the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1. The amount of heat given to the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 in the heat quantity providing unit R21 is the temperature of the seawater in the first flow path A1 when the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 flows through the second flow path. Is the amount of heat (hereinafter also referred to as exchange heat) that can be raised above the temperature at which marine organisms are killed (hereinafter also referred to as death temperature). In the calorie | heat amount provision part R21, it has the said exchange calorie | heat amount by heating the seawater in the piping L2. In this embodiment, the calorie | heat amount provision part R21 is comprised so that high temperature water vapor | steam can be supplied in the piping L2, and when this water vapor | steam and seawater contact, seawater is heated so that it may have the said exchange calorie | heat amount. .

  The third piping system R3 is connected to the heat exchanger A (specifically, the outlet A22 of the second flow path A2) and to the ballast tank T. And 3rd piping system R3 is comprised so that the seawater which flowed out out of 2nd flow path A2 can be supplied to the ballast tank T. FIG. Specifically, the third piping system R3 includes a pipe L3 for circulating seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 to the ballast tank T, and a third valve V3 for opening and closing the seawater flow path in the pipe L3. I have. Moreover, in this embodiment, the seawater which flowed out from 2nd flow path A2 by the effect | action of the 1st pump P1 and the 2nd pump P2 is pumped toward the ballast tank T in the piping L3.

  The fourth piping system R4 is connected to the first piping system R1 (specifically, the piping L1) and the third piping system R3 (specifically, the piping L3), and flows out from the second flow path A2. The configured seawater is configured to be supplied to the first flow path A1. Specifically, the fourth piping system R4 opens and closes the pipe L4 for circulating the seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 from the third piping system R3 to the first piping system R1, and the seawater flow path in the pipe L4. And a fourth valve V4. The fourth piping system R4 is connected to the heat exchanger A side of the first valve V1 and the third valve V3 of the piping L1, L3 in the first piping system R1 and the third piping system R3. Thus, when the first valve V1 and the third valve V3 are closed and the seawater flow paths of the first piping system R1 and the third piping system R3 are closed, the second flow path A2 from the inlet A11 of the first flow path A1. Seawater flow path (first flow path A1 and second flow path A2 and seawater flow path of the second piping system R2) to the outlet A22, and the outlet A22 of the second flow path A2 to the inlet A11 of the first flow path A1. A circulation channel is formed in which the seawater channel (seawater channel of the fourth piping system R4) is connected.

  In the killing method according to the present embodiment, marine organisms are killed using the killing processing equipment configured as described above. Specifically, the killing method includes a seawater introduction step of introducing seawater from the water source SI into the heat exchanger A, and a predetermined amount of heat to the seawater flowing out of the first flow path A1 to provide the second flow path A2. And the seawater supplied from the water source SI by heat exchange in the heat exchanger A by raising the temperature of the seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 to the first flow path A1 and marine organisms And a killing process step for performing the killing process.

<Seawater introduction process>
First, as shown in FIG. 1A, the first valve V1, the second valve V2, and the fourth valve V4 are opened, and the seawater of the first piping system R1, the second piping system R2, and the fourth piping system R4 is opened. And the third valve V3 is closed to close the seawater flow path of the third piping system R3. Then, seawater is supplied to the heat exchanger A side through the first piping system R1, and the seawater flow path on the heat exchanger A side and the seawater flow path of the fourth piping system R4 from the fourth piping system R4 are seawater. Satisfy. At this time, since the second valve V2 is opened, the gas (air or the like) existing in each flow path is released out of the flow path.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the seawater flow path on the heat exchanger A side of the fourth piping system R4 and the seawater flow path of the fourth piping system R4 are filled with seawater. The one valve V1 and the second valve V2 are closed. Thereby, the flow path of the seawater from the inlet A11 of the first flow path A1 to the outlet A22 of the second flow path A2 (the flow path of the seawater of the first flow path A1, the second flow path A2, and the second piping system R2), A circulation channel is formed in which a seawater channel (seawater channel of the fourth piping system R4) from the outlet A22 of the second channel A2 to the inlet A11 of the first channel A1 is connected. It will be filled with seawater.

<Circulation process>
Next, the second pump P2 is driven to circulate seawater in the circulation channel. At this time, the seawater that has flowed out from the first flow path A1 passes through the calorific value donating part R21 of the second piping system R2 (in this embodiment, contacts with water vapor), so that the seawater that has flowed out from the first flow path A1. When the seawater flows through the second flow path A2, a heat quantity (exchange heat quantity) is given to raise the temperature of the seawater in the first flow path A1 to the death temperature or higher by heat exchange.

  As described above, by heating while circulating the seawater in the circulation channel (performing the circulation process), the temperature difference of the seawater in the circulation channel is reduced over time. Specifically, by performing the circulation step, the temperature of the entire seawater in the circulation channel efficiently rises to a predetermined temperature (the temperature having the above-mentioned heat amount). The temperature of the seawater in the circulation flow path by performing the circulation process is a temperature having a heat quantity (exchange heat quantity) that can raise the temperature of the seawater newly flowing into the heat exchanger A to the death temperature or higher (that is, the death temperature). More specifically, the temperature is preferably 90 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 100 ° C. or higher.

  Moreover, since only the seawater in the circulation flow path is heated by performing the circulation process, the seawater in the entire circulation flow path quickly rises to a temperature having the exchange heat amount (that is, a temperature exceeding the killing temperature). . Thereby, even when seawater is newly supplied to the first flow path A1 in the subsequent killing process, the temperature of the newly supplied seawater can be raised to the death temperature or higher by heat exchange. That is, by performing the circulation process, the seawater in the heat exchanger A is preheated so that the killing process process can be performed.

<Death treatment process>
After performing the above circulation process, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the first valve V1 and the third valve V3 are opened to open the seawater flow paths of the first piping system R1 and the third piping system R3. The fourth valve V4 is closed to close the seawater flow path of the fourth piping system R4. Then, fresh seawater is supplied from the water source SI into the heat exchanger A (specifically, the first flow path A1) via the first piping system R1.

  New seawater supplied to the first channel A1 flows through the first channel A1 from the inlet A11 to the outlet A12 of the first channel A1. The seawater in the first flow path A1 rises in temperature to the death temperature or more by heat exchange with the seawater in the second flow path A2, and lowers the temperature of the seawater in the second flow path A2. When the new seawater supplied to the first flow path A1 rises in temperature in the first flow path A1 to a temperature higher than the killing temperature, the marine organisms mixed in the seawater have been killed at the outlet A12 of the first flow path A1. Become. The temperature of the seawater after heat exchange in the first flow path A1 is preferably 90 ° C. or higher and more preferably 100 ° C. or higher at the outlet A12 of the first flow path A1.

  And when the seawater which flowed out from 1st flow path A1 passes calorie | heat amount provision part R21, said calorie | heat amount (exchange heat amount) is given with respect to such seawater. Specifically, the seawater that has flowed out from the first flow path A1 passes through the calorific value donating section R21, and is heated to a temperature having the exchange heat quantity (a temperature exceeding a predetermined killing temperature). In other words, in the calorie | heat amount provision part R21, the calorie | heat amount lost by the heat exchange with the seawater which distribute | circulates the inside of 2nd flow path A2 is supplemented with respect to the seawater which flowed out from 1st flow path A1. Moreover, the seawater which flowed out from 1st flow path A1 is controlled so that it may have the said exchange calorie | heat amount by distribute | circulating 2nd piping system R2, so that it may become the temperature exceeding a death temperature. For example, the temperature of the seawater at the inlet A11 or the outlet A12 of the first flow path A1 is measured, and the amount of heat applied to the seawater is adjusted based on the measurement result (specifically, the temperature of steam and its supply) It is preferable to control the amount of seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 to a temperature having the exchange heat amount before being supplied to the second flow path A2. As temperature of the seawater which distribute | circulated 2nd piping system R2, it is preferable that it is the temperature exceeding 90 degreeC, and it is more preferable that it is the temperature exceeding 100 degreeC.

  And the seawater which flowed out out of the 1st flow path A1 and was given said calorie | heat amount (exchange heat amount) is supplied to 2nd flow path A2 of the heat exchanger A. FIG. Then, the seawater supplied with the exchange heat quantity and supplied to the second channel A2 flows through the second channel A2 from the inlet A21 to the outlet A22 of the second channel A2. Seawater flowing through the second flow path A2 is heat exchanged with seawater flowing through the first flow path A1, and the seawater in the first flow path A1 is at or above the kill temperature (preferably 90 ° C. or higher, more preferably, The temperature rises to 100 ° C. or higher, and the temperature of itself decreases. The seawater flowing through the second flow path A2 is preferably 40 ° C. or lower, more preferably 35 ° C. or lower, at the outlet A22 of the second flow path A2 by heat exchange.

  Seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 is supplied to the third piping system R3. And the seawater which distribute | circulated 3rd piping system R3 is discharged | emitted by the ballast tank T, and is utilized as a ballast. Since the seawater discharged to the ballast tank T in this way has been raised in temperature by the heat exchanger A (specifically, the first flow path A1) above the killing temperature, the marine organisms have been killed. Even if it moves between different sea areas along with the ship and is released in the destination sea area, the living alien species will not be discharged in the destination sea area.

  As described above, according to the method for killing marine organisms and the facility for killing marine organisms according to the present invention, marine organisms can be surely killed while being a small-scale facility.

  That is, the heat exchange rate between the fluid in the first flow path A1 and the fluid in the second flow path A2 in the heat exchanger A is not 100%, and heat loss usually occurs. Therefore, if the fluid flowing out from the first flow path A1 is directly supplied to the second flow path A2, heat loss accumulates over time, and the fluid in the first flow path A1 cannot be continuously heated to the required temperature. . However, according to the above method, the amount of heat lost due to heat exchange with the seawater flowing through the second flow path A2 is given to the seawater that flows out from the first flow path A1, and the seawater that flows out from the first flow path A1. Will be compensated for. Then, the seawater supplemented with the amount of heat is supplied to the second flow path A2, so that the temperature of the seawater continuously supplied from the water source SI to the first flow path A1 is raised to the death temperature or higher by heat exchange. As a result, since marine organisms can be killed continuously in the heat exchanger A, as in the prior art, facilities that store seawater while heating until marine organisms die (for example, high-temperature maintenance tanks or There is no need to use a heater that heats the seawater in the tank. For this reason, the structure of the apparatus which performs the killing process of a marine organism can be made small. In addition, since marine organisms can be killed by a temperature increase due to heat exchange, it is not necessary to use chemicals that kill marine organisms. For this reason, the change of the water quality by performing the killing process of a marine organism can be suppressed.

  Also, by using the heat exchanger A that exchanges heat between the fluid that continuously flows in the first flow path A1 and the fluid that flows continuously in the second flow path A2, marine organisms are killed. Seawater does not stay in the seawater flow path until it is done. For this reason, it can suppress that a sediment accumulates in the flow path of seawater until a marine organism is killed. Thereby, the frequency of performing the operation | work which stops the killing process of a marine organism and removes the deposit accumulated in the flow path of seawater can be reduced. Thereby, the killing process of a marine organism can be performed efficiently.

  In addition, by providing a circulation step, a predetermined amount of heat is supplied to the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 and supplied to the second flow path A2, and the seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 is returned to the first flow path A1 again. Supplied. That is, the seawater filled in the first flow path A1 and the second flow path A2 of the heat exchanger A circulates while being given heat in one system. Thereby, the temperature difference of the seawater in the heat exchanger A becomes small with time. Specifically, the seawater supplied to the first flow path A1 flows out from the second flow path A2 at a temperature higher than the temperature at which it was supplied. For this reason, the temperature difference between the seawater in the first channel A1 and the seawater in the second channel A2 is small by supplying the seawater flowing out from the second channel A2 through the circulation process to the first channel A1. Become. As a result, the amount of heat transferred from the seawater in the second flow path A2 to the seawater in the first flow path A1 decreases, and the temperature of the seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 rises with time. For this reason, the temperature difference between the seawater in the first flow path A1 and the seawater in the second flow path A2 decreases with time, and the temperature of the seawater in one system is efficiently increased to the temperature having the above-mentioned heat amount. Can be made. Therefore, in the killing treatment step after the circulation step, even when seawater is newly supplied from the water source SI to the first flow path A1, heat exchange can be performed so that the seawater becomes equal to or higher than the killing temperature.

  By using a plate-type heat exchanger as the heat exchanger A, the heat exchange rate is high, and the seawater in the first flow path A1 can be quickly raised to the death temperature or more, effectively killing marine organisms. Processing can be performed.

  The marine organism killing method and marine organism killing processing facility according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. . Further, the configurations and methods of the plurality of embodiments described above may be arbitrarily adopted and combined (even if the configurations and methods according to one embodiment are applied to the configurations and methods according to other embodiments). Of course, it is of course possible to arbitrarily select configurations, methods, and the like according to various modifications described below and employ them in the configurations, methods, and the like according to the above-described embodiments.

  For example, in the killing method according to the above-described embodiment, after the killing process is performed, a cleaning process of cleaning a member that forms a seawater flow path may be further provided. The cleaning step is performed by adding a cleaning agent for cleaning the member forming the seawater flow path to the seawater. Moreover, you may further provide the water quality adjustment process which adds the water quality adjusting agent which adjusts the water quality of seawater to seawater. When performing such a washing | cleaning process and a water quality adjustment process, as shown to Fig.2 (a), the washing | cleaning agent supply means B which supplies a washing | cleaning agent in the flow path of seawater, and water quality in the flow path of seawater A killing treatment facility provided with water quality adjusting agent supply means C for supplying the adjusting agent can be used.

  The extinguishing treatment facility includes a cleaning agent supply means B at a position closer to the heat exchanger A than a connection position between the first piping system R1 and the fourth piping system R4. In the present embodiment, the cleaning agent supply means B is connected to the first piping system R1 via the piping B1. The pipe B1 is configured such that a flow path through which the cleaning agent flows can be opened and closed by a fifth valve V5. In addition, the killing treatment facility includes a water quality adjusting agent supply means C at a position closer to the heat exchanger A than a connection position between the third piping system R3 and the fourth piping system R4. In the present embodiment, the water quality adjusting agent supply means C is connected to the third piping system R3 via the piping C1. The pipe C1 is configured so that a flow path through which the water quality adjusting agent flows can be opened and closed by a sixth valve V6. The cleaning agent supply means B and the water quality adjusting agent supply means C are connected to at least one of the first piping system R1, the second piping system R2, the third piping system R3, or the fourth piping system R4. May be configured.

  By using the extinguishing treatment facility provided with the cleaning agent supply means B and the water quality adjustment agent supply means C as described above, the cleaning process and the water quality adjustment process are performed as follows. Specifically, after performing the killing process step, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the first valve V1 and the third V3 are closed, and the first piping system R1 and the third piping system R3 are closed. The seawater flow path is closed, and the fourth valve V4 is opened to open the seawater flow path of the fourth piping system R4. Thereby, a circulation channel is formed and seawater is circulated.

  Then, the fifth valve V5 is opened to open the flow path of the cleaning agent in the pipe B1, and the cleaning agent is added to the seawater by supplying the cleaning agent from the cleaning agent supply means B to the circulation passage. At this time, the second valve V2 is temporarily opened to discharge an amount of seawater corresponding to the supply amount of the cleaning agent from the circulation channel. By supplying the cleaning agent as described above, the seawater to which the cleaning agent is added circulates in the circulation channel. For this reason, it is effective to clean the entire members (specifically, members in each piping system and heat exchanger) forming the seawater flow path (circulation flow path) (for example, removal of attached scales, etc.). It can be carried out. Such a cleaning process is called CIP cleaning.

  Next, after performing the washing process as described above, as shown in FIG. 2B, the first valve V1 and the third valve V3 are opened, and the seawater of the first piping system R1 and the third piping system R3 The flow path is opened, the fourth valve V4 is closed, and the seawater flow path of the fourth piping system R4 is closed. Then, fresh seawater is supplied from the water source SI into the heat exchanger A (specifically, the first flow path A1) via the first piping system R1.

  In addition, the fifth valve V5 is closed to close the flow path of the cleaning agent in the pipe B1, and the sixth valve V6 is opened to open the flow path of the water quality adjusting agent in the pipe C1 and the seawater of the third piping system R3. The water quality adjusting agent is supplied from the water quality adjusting agent supply means C to the flow path. Thereby, a water quality adjustment agent is added to the seawater which flows out out of 2nd flow path A2, and a water quality adjustment process is performed. By performing the water quality adjustment step, seawater having a desired water quality can be discharged to the ballast tank T. For example, when the quality of seawater changes (deteriorates) by performing a killing process or the like (when pH or the like changes), the seawater is returned to the original water quality by performing a water quality adjustment process. It can be discharged to the ballast tank T.

  Note that only one of the washing step and the water quality adjustment step may be performed. In such a case, a killing treatment facility provided with only one of the cleaning agent supply means B and the water quality adjusting agent supply means C can be used. Moreover, you may perform a water quality adjustment process in the state which formed the above circulation channels. By performing the water quality adjustment step in a state where the circulation flow path is formed, the entire seawater in the circulation flow path can be adjusted to the desired water quality and then discharged through the third piping system R3. For this reason, the desired quality seawater can be reliably supplied to the ballast tank T from which the seawater is discharged.

  In the above, the cleaning agent is supplied from the cleaning material supply means B to the seawater flow channel in a state where the circulation flow channel is formed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the circulation flow channel is not formed. In addition, a cleaning agent may be added from the cleaning material supply means B to the seawater channel.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the sea is made into the water source SI, and the seawater from the sea is heat-exchanged with the heat exchanger A, and it raises temperature more than a death temperature, However, It is not limited to this, It uses as a ballast Any water source that can provide the seawater used or used can be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, after the ballast tank T is used as the water source SII, the seawater in the ballast tank T (water source SII) is heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger A, and the marine organisms are killed. It may be returned to the ballast tank T. In this case, the first piping system R1 'fluidly connects the ballast tank T (water source SII) and the heat exchanger A (specifically, the inlet A11 of the first flow path A1). The first piping system R1 'includes the piping L1, the first valve V1, and the first pump P1 of the above embodiment.

  Seawater in the ballast tank T (water source SII) is supplied into the ballast tank T from the sea (water source SI) through a fifth piping system R5 connected to the ballast tank T. The fifth piping system R5 sucks seawater from the sea (water source SI) into the pipe L5 and circulates the seawater from the sea (water source SI) to the ballast tank T and pumps the seawater to the ballast tank T. A third pump P3 and a filter F for filtering seawater flowing through the pipe L5 are provided.

  Then, the seawater used as the ballast is converted into the heat exchanger A (specifically) by performing the seawater introduction process, the circulation process, and the killing process as described above on the seawater in the ballast tank T (water source SII). Specifically, the temperature is raised above the kill temperature in the first flow path A1). For this reason, the seawater returned to the ballast tank T is in a state where marine organisms have been killed. Thereby, the amount of living organisms present in the seawater in the ballast tank T can be reduced over time. In other words, the concentration of living organisms in the seawater in the ballast tank T can be diluted.

  Further, as described above, when marine organisms in the ballast tank T (water source SII) are killed, the seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 is not returned to the original ballast tank T in the killing process. Alternatively, it may be supplied to other ballast tanks that store only the seawater after the killing process, or discharged into the sea.

  In this way, the extinction treatment of organisms in the seawater (ballast water) used as ballast can be performed without using seawater storage equipment as in the past, so the extinction treatment equipment can be reduced in size. can do. For this reason, it becomes easy to install a killing treatment facility in a ship, and it becomes easy to kill a living thing in ballast water during navigation.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the seawater which distribute | circulates 2nd piping system R2 contacts with water vapor | steam in the calorie | heat amount provision part R21, it is not limited to this, The 2nd piping system R2 is formed. Seawater in 2nd piping system R2 may be heated indirectly by heating piping L2 with heating means, such as a heater.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the seawater heat-exchanged by 1st flow path A1 flows out from the heat exchanger A, is supplied to 2nd piping system R2, and seawater is again from this 2nd piping system R2 to the heat exchanger A. Although it is supplied, the present invention is not limited to this, and the seawater flowing out from the first flow path A1 may be supplied to the second flow path A2 in the heat exchanger A.

  Moreover, in the circulation process of the said embodiment, although the seawater which distribute | circulated the 2nd flow path A2 flows out from the heat exchanger A, it is supplied to 3rd piping system R3, and is supplied to 4th piping system R4 after that. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the seawater flowing out from the second flow path A2 may be supplied to the first flow path A1 in the heat exchanger A.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the seawater introduction | transduction process and the circulation process are performed prior to the extinction process process, it is not limited to this, The above-mentioned calorie | heat amount is supplied to the seawater from water sources SI and SII by calorie | heat amount provision part R21. When the seawater can be heated to a temperature having (exchange heat quantity), the seawater introduction step and the extinction treatment step may be performed continuously without performing the circulation step. For example, by reducing the amount of seawater supplied from the water source SI, the amount of seawater that passes through the calorific value donating unit R21 is reduced, and the seawater is easily heated in the calorific value donating unit R21. It becomes easy to heat. Thus, the first valve V1 and the third valve V3 are opened, the second valve V2 and the fourth valve V4 are closed, and seawater is introduced from the water source SI to the heat exchanger A. And a killing process step can be performed continuously to the seawater introduction step.

  A ... heat exchanger, A1 ... first flow path, A2 ... second flow path, F ... filter, P1 ... first pump, P2 ... second pump, R1 ... first piping system, R2 ... second piping system, R21 ... calorie donating part, R3 ... third piping system, R4 ... fourth piping system, SI, SII ... water source, T ... ballast tank, V1 ... first valve, V2 ... second valve, V3 ... third valve, V4 ... 4th valve

Claims (12)

A method for killing marine organisms in which seawater used or used in ship ballasts is heated to kill the organisms in the seawater for treatment,
A first flow path and a second flow path through which the fluid is circulated, and the heat flow from the water source to the first flow path of the heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the fluid in the first flow path and the fluid in the second flow path And the amount of heat that can raise the temperature of the seawater in the first flow path above the temperature at which organisms in the seawater die when the seawater flows through the second flow path. And supplying a seawater to which the amount of heat is supplied to the second flow path, and a heat treatment is performed between the seawater in the first flow path and the seawater in the second flow path. How to kill marine life.   With the seawater from the water source supplied to the heat exchanger and the first channel and the second channel filled with seawater, the supply of seawater from the water source is stopped, and a predetermined amount of heat is given to the seawater flowing out from the first channel. Providing and supplying the second flow path with seawater flowing out from the second flow path to the first flow path, further comprising a circulation step of bringing the seawater in the first flow path and the second flow path to a dead temperature or higher, The method for killing marine organisms according to claim 1, wherein the killing process is performed after the circulation process.   After performing the killing process, the supply of seawater from the water source to the first flow path of the heat exchanger is stopped, the seawater flowing out from the second flow path is supplied to the first flow path, and the flow path of seawater is formed. The method for killing marine organisms according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cleaning step of supplying a cleaning agent for cleaning the member to be performed into the flow path of seawater.   The method for killing marine organisms according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a water quality adjusting step of supplying a water quality adjusting agent for adjusting the quality of the sea water into a flow path through which the sea water flows. .   In the heat exchanger, a plurality of the first flow paths and the second flow paths are alternately formed between the plurality of stacked heat transfer plates, with each heat transfer plate serving as a boundary. The first inflow passage and the first outflow passage through which the through holes are connected to allow the fluid to flow into and out of the first flow path are formed, and fluid having a higher temperature than the fluid supplied to the first flow path flows into and out of the second flow path. The method for killing marine organisms according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger in which a second inflow path and a second outflow path are formed. In a marine organism killing treatment facility that kills organisms in the seawater by raising the temperature of the seawater used or used for the ballast of the ship,
A heat exchanger having a first flow path and a second flow path that are arranged so as to be able to exchange heat between fluids that circulate, and an inlet of the first flow path of the heat exchanger and a water source of the seawater are fluidly connected. A second piping system fluidly connecting the outlet of the first flow path of the heat exchanger and the inlet of the second flow path, the outlet of the second flow path of the heat exchanger, and seawater A third piping system that fluidly connects the discharge destination to the first flow path when the seawater flows through the second flow path with respect to the seawater that flows out from the first flow path. A marine organism killing treatment facility comprising a calorific value donating section for providing a calorific value that can raise the temperature of the seawater above the temperature at which organisms in the seawater die.   A fourth piping system that fluidly connects the outlet of the second channel and the inlet of the first channel; the first piping system, the third piping system, and the fourth piping system provide a channel for the seawater; It is comprised so that opening and closing is possible, The killing processing equipment of the marine organisms of Claim 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.   A cleaning agent supplying means for supplying a cleaning agent for cleaning the member forming the sea water flow path into the flow path is connected to at least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, or the third piping system. The marine organism extinction treatment facility according to claim 6.   At least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, the third piping system, and the fourth piping system is a cleaning agent supply means for supplying a cleaning agent for cleaning the member forming the sea water flow path into the flow path. The marine organism extinction treatment facility according to claim 7, wherein the marine organism extinction treatment facility is connected to a marine organism.   A water quality adjusting agent supplying means for supplying a water quality adjusting agent for adjusting the quality of the sea water into the flow path through which the sea water flows is connected to at least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, or the third piping system. The marine organism killing treatment facility according to claim 6 or 8, wherein   At least one of the first piping system, the second piping system, the third piping system, or the fourth piping system is a water quality adjusting agent supplying means for supplying a water quality adjusting agent for adjusting the quality of the sea water into the flow path through which the sea water flows. The marine organism killing treatment facility according to claim 7 or 9, wherein the marine organism killing treatment facility is connected to a marine organism.   In the heat exchanger, a plurality of the first flow paths and the second flow paths are alternately formed between the plurality of stacked heat transfer plates, with each heat transfer plate serving as a boundary. The first inflow passage and the first outflow passage through which the through holes are connected to allow the fluid to flow into and out of the first flow path are formed, and fluid having a higher temperature than the fluid supplied to the first flow path flows into and out of the second flow path It is a plate type heat exchanger in which the 2nd inflow path and 2nd outflow path to be formed were formed, The killing treatment equipment of the marine organisms according to any one of claims 6 to 11 characterized by things.

Images