JP2013108218A - Wave force guard structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To guard a structure by dispersing the wave force and impact of any tsunami wave.SOLUTION: A cooling water tank 1 is installed on the coast. A wave force guard structure 2 is installed in the direction in which a tsunami wave comes with respect to the tank 1, in a way to face the tank 1, comprising a dispersion wall 3 of two surfaces. The wave force guard structure 2 has the dispersion wall 3 arranged to be in nearly-rectangular shape in a plan view.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wave power protection structure for protecting various structures such as buildings and tanks from shock wave forces such as tsunami.

  In Japan, there are many earthquakes. For example, if a large plate boundary type earthquake with the seabed as the epicenter occurs, a large-scale tsunami may occur. In addition, even if an earthquake occurs in other regions such as the coast of the Americas, a tsunami may be pushed across the Pacific Ocean. When a large tsunami strikes the country, various tank facilities and power generation facilities built on the coast, various coastal structures such as bridges, and floating structures will be seriously damaged. For example, a device described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed as a facility for protecting a structure against such a disaster.

  In patent document 1, since the ship etc. which are tethered in the harbor by the tsunami become a drifting object, the protective structure which prevents these drifting objects from rushing to the coastal structure and the floating structure together with the tsunami and causing damage. Suggest body. That is, a D-type hollow precast PC column using high-performance fiber reinforced concrete and unbonded PC steel as a protective column structure has a predetermined interval in the sea side area where tsunamis arrive for coastal structures and floating structures. Open and driven, arranged in one or more rows. And even if drifting objects are pushed to the coastal area by the tsunami, they can be captured without damaging the drifting objects by these PC pillars, and coastal structures and water structures can be protected.

  However, although the protective structure described in Patent Document 1 described above can capture the drifting material carried by the tsunami with the hollow precast PC pillar, the tsunami itself passes through the precast PC pillar to the coastal area. Therefore, if the tsunami was large and the destructive force was large, it collided with a coastal structure or a floating structure and destroyed by the shock and wave force, and these structures could not be protected.

On the other hand, the flood prevention stop plate described in Patent Document 2 is an invention related to a stop plate for preventing and draining urban floods caused by sudden heavy rains such as concentrated heavy rain. The flood prevention stop plate covers the steel water stop frame plate with a first waterproof cloth, and covers the top and bottom integrated fall prevention metal fittings combined on the water stop frame plate from this cloth, and further covers them. It is configured in combination with the second waterproof cloth.
A wall similar to the flood prevention stop plate is installed on the coast as a tsunami protection wall.

JP 2009-13743 A Japanese Patent No. 38724452

  However, because the flood prevention stop plate and tsunami protection wall are formed in a flat plate shape, if the tsunami is large and the destructive force at the time of collision is large, such as the large tsunami in the case of the Tohoku earthquake, the impact of the tsunami There was a problem that it was easily destroyed without being able to endure, and would be separated from the ground and carried.

  In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a wave force protection structure that can protect a structure by dispersing the wave force and impact even when a large tsunami occurs.

The wave power protection structure according to the present invention is a wave power protection structure that protects a structure from an impact when a wave collides with the structure, and the structure is placed on the structure side in the direction in which the wave arrives with respect to the structure. It is provided with a dispersive wall that is provided facing and disperses incoming waves in a plurality of directions to protect the structure.
According to the present invention, when a tsunami occurs due to an earthquake or the like and rushes to a coastal structure, the wave power protection structure having a dispersion wall on the sea side of the structure is disposed oppositely, so that the tsunami Even if it collides with the dispersion wall of the protective structure, it is possible to disperse the flow in multiple directions and disperse the direction of tsunami impact and wave force, so the tsunami will flow around the structure to avoid it. It can protect against damage by reducing the impact and wave force of the tsunami transmitted by colliding with the tsunami.

The dispersion wall is preferably formed in a substantially V shape in plan view.
If the dispersive wall is formed in a substantially V shape in plan view, the tsunami that rushes in is divided and flows in two directions, so the impact on the wave force protection structure is also dispersed and can be prevented from being damaged. Tsunami is reduced.

Further, the dispersion wall may extend in the horizontal direction or the upward direction, and may be curved or inclined in a direction in which waves arrive from the structure side.
Since the dispersion wall of the wave protection structure is curved or inclined toward the sea side, after the tsunami collides with the dispersion wall, it flows backward along the curve or inclination of the dispersion wall and returns to the sea side. The wave force in the traveling direction can be canceled by hitting the tsunami, and the wave power can be reduced by dissipating the energy of the tsunami. And the timing which a tsunami collides with a structure can be disperse | distributed, and the wave power which becomes a peak can be reduced.

Further, the structure may be supported at a position separated from the ground by the support legs, and the dispersion wall may be separated from the ground by the support legs.
The tsunami wave distribution has the property that the maximum near the ground and the wave power distribution gradually decreases as the height rises, and the structure and the wave protection structure are held opposite to each other by a support leg. Therefore, a relatively large wave tsunami traveling near the ground flows through the area of the support leg without colliding with the structure or wave protection structure, while facing a structure with a height away from the ground. A tsunami of height is relatively small, and even if it collides with the dispersion wall of the wave protection structure, it is dispersed and flows around both sides avoiding the structure. Can be reliably prevented from becoming smaller and the structure from being damaged.

  According to the wave protection structure according to the present invention, even when a tsunami generated by an earthquake or the like rushes to a coastal structure, the wave protection structure having a dispersion wall on the sea side of the structure is arranged oppositely. Because the tsunami collides with the dispersion wall of the wave power protection structure and is dispersed to disperse the tsunami's impact and direction of travel, the tsunami flows away from the structure and flows and collides with the structure. Energy can be reduced to protect the structure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a wave power protection structure disposed to face a tank according to a first embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view showing a tank, a wave power protection structure, and a tsunami, and (b) It is a side view similarly. The wave power protection structure by 2nd embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view which shows a tank, a wave power protection structure, and a tsunami, (b) is a side view similarly. FIG. 3 shows a wave power protection structure disposed to face a tank according to a third embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view showing a tank, a wave power protection structure, and a tsunami, and (b) It is a side view similarly. (A), (b), (c) is a top view which shows the wave power protection structure by the modification of this invention.

Hereinafter, wave protection structures according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a wave power protection structure according to the first embodiment. For example, a facility such as a nuclear power plant is installed in a coastal area near the coast, and a part of the facility stores, for example, cooling water. A cylindrical cooling water tank 1 is installed. A wave power protection structure 2 for preventing a tsunami from colliding with the tank 1 is provided between the cooling water tank 1 and the sea.

The wave protection structure 2 is formed of, for example, two dispersive walls 3 bent in a substantially V shape in plan view, and each dispersive wall 3 is formed in a substantially plate shape. For example, the corner 3 a that forms the center of the book in the opened state is opposed to the tank 1 so as to be positioned in the center of the tank 1, for example, symmetrically arranged.
Then, the two dispersion walls 3 are arranged with their side portions widened so as to cover the tank 1 so as not to directly contact the tank 1 when a tsunami strikes from the sea side. Moreover, it is separated from the tank 1 by an appropriate distance to the extent that the tsunami separated from the left and right by the two dispersion walls 3 of the wave protection structure 2 does not collide strongly with the tank 1.

Each dispersion wall 3 is made of a material having high rigidity and strength, such as a plate-shaped steel material or a reinforced concrete having a predetermined thickness, so as to withstand the impact of the tsunami. However, the material of the dispersion wall 3 is not limited to steel or reinforced concrete, and it is needless to say that other appropriate materials can be adopted as long as they have a strength capable of withstanding tsunami impact and wave pressure.
In the wave protection structure 2, the two-sided dispersion wall 3 that opens in a substantially V shape only needs to extend to a position that covers the tank 1, and the opening angle θ of the two-side dispersion wall 3 is An appropriate angle for dispersing the tsunami, for example, 120 ° is set.
The wave protection structure 2 is preferably installed on the ground in the coastal area, but may be installed in the sea. The tank 1 is also installed on the ground, but it may also be installed in the sea.

The wave protection structure 2 according to the present embodiment is configured as described above, and the operation thereof will be described next.
For example, when a tsunami occurs due to an earthquake or the like and reaches a coastal area where a facility such as a nuclear power plant is installed, the tsunami flows over the shore or quay, and flows to the ground. It collides with the wave power protection structure 2 that performs. The tsunami collides with the two dispersion walls 3 of the wave protection structure 2, and is divided and dispersed on both the left and right sides, particularly at the corners 3 a of the two dispersion walls 3, and on each dispersion wall 3 extending in an oblique direction. Along the tank 1 and flows toward the outside diagonally.
As a result, the wave force with which the tsunami directly collides with the tank 1 can be reduced. Moreover, since the tsunami dispersed by the dispersion wall 3 is sufficiently longer than the tank 1 in the horizontal direction of the dispersion wall 3, the wraparound from the end portion is small, and the wave force when colliding with the tank 1 after the wrapping is generated. Can be reduced. Therefore, by dispersing and reducing the energy of the tsunami against the tsunami that approaches, the structure such as the tank 1 can be protected from being destroyed by the impact of the tsunami or the wave force.

  As described above, the wave force protection structure 2 according to the present embodiment is a two-surface dispersion that is bent to face the tank 1 even when a tsunami generated by an earthquake or the like approaches the cooling water tank 1 provided on the coast. By arranging the wave power protection structure 2 that forms the wall 3, the tsunami collides with the dispersion wall 3 of the wave power protection structure 2 and is dispersed at the corner 3 a, avoiding the tank 1 and both sides. Therefore, the tank 1 can be protected by reducing the impact and energy of the tsunami that collides with the tank 1.

The wave protection structure 2 according to the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment described above, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist thereof.
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 2 shows a wave protection structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The tank 5 shown in FIG. 2 is, for example, a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape and is installed sideways. The wave power protection structure 6 arranged on the sea side of the tank 5 is formed in a substantially V shape with the connecting portion of the substantially two-sided dispersion wall 7 as a corner portion 7a. Similar to the embodiment, the wave protection structure 6 according to the second embodiment is formed such that each dispersion wall 7 is curved or inclined toward the sea side from the ground to the sky. In this respect, the wave protection structure 6 according to the present embodiment is different in configuration from the wave protection structure 2 according to the first embodiment.

Therefore, in the wave protection structure 6 according to the second embodiment, when a tsunami occurs and the vehicle travels from the coast to the ground, the tsunami heading toward the tank 5 is the wave protection provided immediately before the tsunami. It collides with the structure 6 and is divided along the dispersion walls 7 on both sides with the corner 7 as a boundary, and flows in the side direction. Then, after a part of the tsunami collides with the wave protection structure 6, the flow direction is changed upward along the curved or inclined shape of the dispersion wall 7, and the tsunami is caused to flow backward in the direction of returning to the sea side. This returning tsunami can collide with subsequent tsunamis heading for land and reduce their speed and wave pressure.
As a result, the wave force and pressure of the tsunami that pushes against the tank 5 and the wave protection structure 6 are further reduced, and the tsunami that moves around the both sides of the wave protection structure 6 and pushes against the tank 5 is reduced. Wave power and pressure can be suppressed. Moreover, the timing at which the tsunami collides with the tank 5 and the wave power protection structure 6 can be dispersed, and the peak wave force can be reduced. This is structurally advantageous because the instantaneous wave force is reduced.

Next, a wave protection structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3, and the same or similar members and parts as those of the other embodiments described above will be described using the same reference numerals.
The tank 5 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is installed at a high position from the ground via support legs 9 which are truss structures. The wave protection structure 2 is also arranged in a substantially V shape in plan view at a high position facing the tank 5 via the support leg 10 that is a truss structure.
The support structure including the support legs 9 is set so that the projected area thereof is not larger than that of the tank 5.

Here, when the tsunami reaches the ground from the sea and rushes, the wave power distribution has the largest wave power near the ground as shown in FIG. 3 (a), and gradually increases as the distance from the ground increases in the height direction. Therefore, a substantially triangular wave force distribution is exhibited in the height direction.
Therefore, the vicinity of the ground where the tsunami wave power is the largest is passed through the support legs 9 and 10 with the tsunami running resistance set small, and the tank 5 and the wave power protection structure 2 are made to face each other at a height position away from the ground. The tsunami wave force applied to the wave power protection structure 2 can be reduced, and there is an advantage that the strength of the tank 5 and the wave power protection structure 2 is high.

Further, in this case, since the tsunami wave force at a height away from the ground is relatively reduced, it is possible to omit the installation of the wave protection structure 2, and the tsunami is directly applied to the tank 5. You may make it collide. Even in this case, since the wave force of the tsunami is relatively small, the destruction of the tank 5 can be suppressed.
If the height of the tsunami is lower than the top of the tank 5, the pressure receiving area of the tank 5 due to the tsunami can be reduced.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the wave power protection structures 2 and 6 have the dispersion walls 3 and 7 configured in a substantially V shape in plan view, but the configuration of the wave power protection structures 2 and 6 has such a shape. It is not limited to. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the wave protection structure 14 may be configured by connecting dispersion walls 13 bent or curved into a roof shape so as to form a substantially V shape on two surfaces.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 4B, the wave protection structure 16 may be configured by an arc-shaped dispersion wall 15. Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, the wave protection structure 18 may be constituted by a dispersion wall 17 having an arc shape such as a substantially semicircle or a convex curved surface shape such as a hemisphere. Even in these cases, the wave force of the tsunami can be divided in the left-right direction to disperse and alleviate the impact.

The wave protection structures 2, 6, 14, 16, and 18 do not necessarily have a substantially symmetric shape in plan view, and may have an asymmetric shape.
In addition, tanks 1 and 5 constituting the structure can be of any shape. The structures to be protected from the tsunami wave force by the wave power protection structures 2, 6, 14, 16, and 18 are not limited to the cooling water tanks 1 and 5, but may be fluids such as oil and chemical substances. Needless to say, it is not limited to gas or solid tanks or tanks, and includes appropriate buildings and facilities.

1,5 Cooling water tanks 2, 6, 14, 16, 18 Wave protection structures 3, 7, 13, 15, 17 Dispersion walls 3a, 7a Corners 9, 10 Support legs

Claims (4)

A wave protection structure for protecting the structure from an impact when a wave collides with the structure,
A dispersive wall is provided on the side of the direction of the arrival of waves with respect to the structure so as to face the structure and disperses incoming waves in a plurality of directions to protect the structure. Wave protection structure.   The wave protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion wall is formed in a substantially V shape or a convex curved shape in a plan view.   The wave protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dispersion wall extends in a horizontal direction or an upward direction and is curved or inclined in a direction in which a tsunami comes from the structure side.   The wave protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the structure is supported by a support leg at a position separated from the ground, and the dispersion wall is also separated from the ground by the support leg.

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