JP2013107955A - Resin composition for producing construction material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a resin composition for producing recyclable environment-friendly construction materials having excellent mechanical strength and texture similar to that of natural wood materials.SOLUTION: The resin composition for producing construction materials includes: a thermoplastic resin mixture containing polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate; a compatibilizer to compatibilize the polyamide with the polyethylene terephthalate; and wood materials. A content of the polyamide and that of the polyethylene terephthalate are respectively 40-60 mass% based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture.

Description

  The present invention relates to a resin composition for manufacturing building materials, and more particularly to a resin composition for manufacturing building materials that can be recycled and is environmentally friendly.

  Conventionally, in order to reduce the cost of building materials, instead of a material cut out from a raw wood to a necessary size, a composite plate material formed by laminating a plurality of inexpensive wooden boards is adopted as a building material. In addition, by attaching a plywood having a texture close to natural wood to the surface of the plate material, the building material can be made to have a better texture. However, since such a composite plate material is formed by laminating a plurality of wooden boards with an adhesive, there is a risk that volatile organic compounds harmful to the human body such as formaldehyde may be emitted and cannot be recycled. Because of this, it is gradually being deceived from the market.

  In order to reuse earth resources and reduce dependence on natural wood, building materials that use a general-purpose plastic as a base material and have a grain pattern on the surface through coloring and finishing, and a resin composition made by mixing general-purpose plastic and wood materials A so-called wood-plastic composite (WPC) has also been developed. Moreover, the physical property of building materials can also be improved by utilizing a general-purpose plastic.

  Polypropylene (PP), hard polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE) are used as general-purpose plastic substrates used in WPC. PVC is excellent in processability and product diversity, and foams. Since it is easy, it can also be reduced in weight. However, since precipitation of chloride ions from PVC products becomes a problem, imports of products containing PVC are refused in developed countries such as Europe and the United States. On the other hand, WPC made of PP and PE has advantages such as low cost and easy material acquisition, as well as excellent mechanical strength. However, since PP and PE are crystalline materials, the gloss of the material itself gives a plastic feel to the WPC product, so even if printing forms a plywood with a wood grain pattern, or improves the percentage of wood material Even so (50% by weight or more), it is still difficult to produce WPC products with a texture similar to natural wood.

  In view of the problems of the conventional composite building materials as described above, the present invention provides a resin composition for producing a building material that has excellent mechanical strength, has a texture close to natural wood, is recyclable, and is environmentally friendly. The purpose is to provide.

  Moreover, this invention makes it the further objective to provide the resin composition for manufacturing the building material with favorable dimensional stability.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a thermoplastic resin mixture containing polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate, a compatibilizing agent for compatibilizing the polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate, and wood The resin composition for manufacturing a building material is provided, wherein the polyamide and the polyethylene terephthalate are contained in an amount of 40 wt% to 60 wt% based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture.

  Since the resin composition for manufacturing building materials of the present invention contains polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate as compatibilizers as main raw materials, the building materials manufactured thereby have excellent mechanical strength and can be recycled. In addition, there are advantages such as being environmentally friendly and having good dimensional stability. Polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate are materials that are not as prominent as plastics and PP, so if woody materials are added to the resin composition, building materials that effectively have a texture similar to natural wood can be produced. .

It is a schematic diagram of the twin-screw extruder used for the Example of the resin composition for building material manufacture which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the twin screw extruder and profile extrusion die used in the examples of the resin composition for building material production according to the present invention, and co-extruded the resin composition for building material production and the colorant, It is a figure explaining shaping | molding. It is a perspective view of the building material which consists of a resin composition for building material manufacture concerning this invention.

  The present invention will be described in detail below.

  The resin composition for manufacturing a building material according to the present invention contains a thermoplastic resin mixture, a compatibilizing agent, and a wood material.

  The thermoplastic resin mixture contains recyclable polyamide (Nylon) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyamide is excellent in impact strength, but is slightly inferior in tensile strength, bending strength, and dimensional stability. Polyethylene terephthalate is excellent in dimensional stability, tensile strength and bending strength, but has poor impact strength. The inventor of the present invention has been researched, and building materials manufactured using a thermoplastic resin mixture containing polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate are required for general building materials such as tensile strength, bending strength, and dimensional stability. It was discovered that the performance can be satisfied and the impact strength is higher than expected. Needless to say, the physical properties of the thermoplastic resin mixture obtained by adjusting the ratio of polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate also change. Therefore, considering the mechanical strength and dimensional stability required for the building materials and further considering the cost, in the thermoplastic resin mixture, polyamide is 40 wt% to 60 wt%, and polyethylene terephthalate is 40 wt% to 60 wt%. It is preferable to be contained by weight%.

  Since polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate are completely different materials, the thermoplastics according to the present invention are designed to improve their compatibility, balance their crystallization rates, and provide better dimensional stability. The resin composition contains a compatibilizing agent. The compatibilizer preferably has a single epoxy group, more preferably an epoxy silane resin or an alicyclic epoxy resin. What should be noted here is that the adhesive strength between polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate and the mechanical strength of the resulting building material can be improved by adjusting the type and mixing ratio of the compatibilizer. The compatibilizer is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 6% by weight based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture in order to provide mechanical strength and dimensional stability required for the building material.

  By adding the woody material, the resin composition according to the present invention can have a texture close to that of wood, and by uniformly dispersing the woody material having good stress transmission in the thermoplastic resin mixture. Strength can be improved. The wood material preferably includes 10% by weight to 70% by weight based on the weight of the resin composition in order to provide mechanical strength and dimensional stability required for the building material.

  Moreover, since flame resistance is requested | required from the consideration of the safety | security as a building material, the resin composition for building material manufacture of this invention may contain a flame retardant further. The flame retardant is preferably selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, and a hydroxyl flame retardant.

  For example, as a nitrogen-based flame retardant, a melamine polymer is well known and can be used for polyurethane in addition to polyamide. In addition, the melamine polymer does not require any other auxiliary agent and can be added in a small amount, so that it can be applied to various polymers and is advantageous in terms of cost. Moreover, even if a melamine polymer is used as a building material, the environmental load is low, so that it is useful for protecting the global environment and can contribute to long-term benefits.

  Examples of the phosphorus-based flame retardant include ammonium polyphosphate (APP). Since APP is a white compound having a high phosphorus content, even if APP is added to the resin used for the building material, coloring is not adversely affected. However, APP currently on the market has a high degree of polymerization, tends to absorb moisture, and has drawbacks such as being weak at high temperatures, so its application range is not as wide as that of melamine polymers. Examples of the phosphorus-based flame retardant include phosphoric acid esters having flame resistance and plasticity, but the phosphoric acid esters are mainly applied only to materials having a low processing temperature such as PVC. Examples of the phosphorus-based flame retardant include triphenyl phosphate (TPP, for example, Phosflex (registered trademark) 71B, Phosflex (registered trademark) RDP) and cresyl diphenyl phosphate (for example, Fyroflex (registered trademark) BDP). It is done.

Hydroxic flame retardants are inorganic flame retardants such as antimony trioxide (Sb ₂ O ₃ ), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) ₂ ), aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) ₃ ), etc. Not only is it cheap, but it doesn't emit much smoke even if it burns. In addition, the hydroxyl-based flame retardant is environmentally friendly because the products upon combustion are mainly non-environmental substances such as water and carbon dioxide. For example, flame retardants using aluminum hydroxide need to absorb more heat before reaching the thermal decomposition temperature of aluminum hydroxide, so adding aluminum hydroxide adds specific heat capacity and difficulty to the overall building material. Flammability can be improved. However, since the flame retardant of a hydroxyl group cannot exhibit flame retardancy unless it is added in a large amount and has a problem of compatibility with a thermoplastic resin, the application range is limited.

  If the content of the flame retardant is too small, the flame retardant effect is lowered. Conversely, if the content is too large, the cost increases. In order to obtain the flame resistance required for building materials, the flame retardant is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 1 wt% based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture. A halogen-based flame retardant can also be used, but it is harmful to the human body and the environment because a large amount of smoke is emitted during incomplete combustion.

  Polyamide is a material having toughness, whereas polyethylene terephthalate is a material having rigidity, but its impact strength at low temperatures is slightly inferior. A modifier may be added to improve the impact strength of the building material and the properties at low temperatures (impact strength, etc.). What should be noted here is that it is necessary to adjust the type or mixing ratio of the modifier in order to obtain a predetermined mechanical property such as impact strength. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene terpolymer is used as a modifier, and 2 wt% to 10 wt% based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture in order to obtain the strength required for building materials. It is preferably included.

  Hereinafter, the technique of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to production examples and specific examples.

  The materials used in the following fabrication examples and specific examples are as follows.

  Polyamide: Nylon 6 having a molecular weight in the range of 16000 to 19000 (a waste cloth and waste yarn pulverized product from Taiwan, a power company).

  Polyethylene terephthalate: PET having a molecular weight of approximately 200,000 (a waste product and a pulverized product of waste yarn from Taiwan, a power company).

  Compatibilizer: γ- (2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 1] (KH-560, manufactured by Chengdu Luohua Chemical Co., Ltd., China).

  Wood powder: natural wood polished into a powder, and the size of the powder is 0.01 mm to 0.05 mm.

  Denaturant: A maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene terpolymer represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 2].

  Flame retardant: Melamine polymer.

  The following production examples or specific examples are evaluated by the following evaluation methods.

[Tensile strength test]
After the raw materials shown in Table 1 are put into a twin screw extruder and kneaded and granulated, a test piece (ASTM D638 Type 1) is manufactured by an injection molding machine, and the tensile strength of the test piece is obtained according to the ASTM D638 method. .

[Bending strength test]
A test piece is manufactured by the same method as the tensile strength test, and the bending strength is obtained according to the ASTM D790 method.

[Bending elastic modulus test]
A test piece is manufactured by the same method as the tensile strength test, and the flexural modulus is obtained according to ASTM D790. The bending elastic modulus is a value obtained by dividing stress by strain within an elastic change range. In this embodiment, the bending elastic modulus when the strain is 0.3% is defined as the bending elastic modulus.

[Shock strength test]
A test piece of ASTM D256 standard is manufactured by the same method as the tensile strength test, and the impact resistance strength is obtained according to ASTM D256.

[Heat deformation temperature test]
A test piece is manufactured by the same method as the tensile strength test, and the heat distortion temperature is obtained according to ASTM D648. That is, a load of 1820 kPa is applied to the center of the test piece, the temperature is raised at 2 ° C./min, and the temperature at which the deformation amount of the test piece becomes 0.25 mm is recorded as the thermal deformation temperature.

[Linear expansion coefficient test]
A test piece which is a cylindrical body having a diameter of 5 mm is manufactured by the same method as the tensile strength test, and the linear expansion coefficient is obtained according to ASTM D696. That is, the amount of change in length per 1 cm of the test piece is recorded as a linear expansion coefficient at a temperature increase of 1 ° C. between −30 ° C. and 30 ° C.

[Flameproof test]
A test piece (29 cm × 19 cm) is manufactured according to the CNS7614 method established by the Taiwan Bureau of Economy, Central Standard Bureau, and tested with a flammability tester (45 degree method).

[Nail retention test]
In accordance with the CNS 6719 method established by the Taiwan Bureau of Economy, Central Standard Bureau, drilled a guide hole (diameter 1.8 mm, depth 20 mm) at a predetermined position on the test piece with a drilling machine. Then, place the test piece in a box (temperature 20 ± 2 ° C., relative humidity 65 ± 5%) for one week or longer to adjust the moisture content, and when removing the nail, The nail is clamped and extracted at an average speed of 2 mm / min, and the maximum value measured by the tensile tester in the nail extraction process is recorded as the nail holding force.

[Moisture content test]
In accordance with the CNS452 moisture content test method established by the Taiwan Bureau of Economic Affairs Central Standard Bureau, test specimens were manufactured and placed in an oven at 100-105 ° C. and dried until the weight of the test specimens was fixed. obtain. Then, the dry mass is subtracted from the mass before drying of the test piece, and the difference is further divided by the dry mass to obtain the moisture content of the test piece.

<Production Examples 1-5>
Test pieces were produced from the raw materials shown in Table 1, and the above-described tensile strength test, bending strength test, bending elastic modulus test, impact resistance strength test, and thermal deformation temperature test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1. Among them, Nylon 6 has a relative viscosity of 2.5 and PET has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.75 d / Lg.

  Phr (parts per hundreds of resin) means the content contained in a resin (thermoplastic resin mixture). “-” Indicates no addition.

  As shown in Table 1, the test piece containing Nylon 6 and PET (Production Examples 3 to 5) and the test piece containing only Nylon 6 or PET (Production Example 1 or 2) have tensile strength, bending strength, From the results of bending elastic modulus and thermal deformation temperature, both satisfy the performance required for general building materials. From the results of impact strength, the test pieces of Production Examples 3 to 5 are compatibilizers. It can be seen that by adding the flame retardant and the modifier, their impact strength is far superior to Production Examples 1 and 2.

<Specific Example 1> Resin Composition for Manufacturing Building Material FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a twin screw extruder used in this example. Polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, compatibilizing agent, flame retardant shown in Production Example 3 above. In accordance with the ratio of the modifiers, each is put into a hopper 11 of a meshing co-rotating twin screw extruder (ψ = 30 mm, L / D = 43.2, manufactured by Kobe Steel Co., Ltd.) 1 and the above raw materials are melted. The mixture is heated and melted in section 12 to form a mixture, and wood flour (that is, containing 35% by weight of the wood material based on the weight of the resin composition) is charged into the compression kneading section 13 and the raw materials from the melting section 12 are mixed. When sufficiently compressed and kneaded and injected from the injection section 14, pellets of a resin composition for building material production are obtained. In this specific example, the rotational speed of the twin-screw extruder 1 is 60 rpm, the operating temperature of the melting section 12 is 220 ° C., the operating temperature of the compression kneading section 13 is 250 ° C., and the operating temperature of the injection section 14 is 240 ° C. Regarding the respective operation temperatures, the operation temperature of the melting section 12 is 210 ° C. to 230 ° C., the operation temperature of the compression kneading section 13 is 240 ° C. to 260 ° C., and the operation temperature of the injection section 14 is 220 ° C. to 260 ° C. Is preferred.

A test piece is manufactured from the obtained pellet by a twin screw extruder, and the above tensile strength test, bending strength test, bending modulus test, impact strength test, thermal deformation temperature test, linear expansion coefficient test and flameproofing test are performed. As a result, the tensile strength was 57.5 MPa, the bending strength was 95.0 MPa, the flexural modulus was 3450 MPa, the impact strength was 8.5 J / m, the thermal deformation temperature was 80 ° C., and the linear expansion coefficient was 5 to 7 × 10. ^{It was −5} cm / cm / ° C., and the flameproofing property was also judged as the first flameproofing.

  As can be seen from the results of Production Example 3 and Specific Example 1 in Table 1, the addition of wood material does not adversely affect the mechanical properties of the resin composition. Moreover, also from the result of the linear expansion coefficient and the flameproof test, it was found that the resin composition of Example 1 was provided with excellent flame resistance and dimensional stability.

<Specific example 2> Building material manufactured from the resin composition of the present invention FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a twin screw extruder and profile extrusion die used in this example, and a resin composition and colorant for building material production FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a building material made of the resin composition for manufacturing building materials according to the present invention. In Example 2, the same raw material mixing ratio and production method as in Example 1 are adopted, and the twin-screw extruder 1 is further provided with a profile extrusion die 15 connected to the injection section 14. After sufficiently compressing and kneading the raw material, the raw material was injected from the injection section 14 and the raw material and the colorant 16 were extruded together by the profile extrusion die 15 to integrally form the building material 2. The building material 2 has a texture close to that of natural wood, and has a building material main body 21, a dark colorant layer 22, and a plurality of holes 23 that contribute to dimensional stability and lightness. The composition of the building material main body 21 is the same as that of the first specific example, and has the first surface 211 and the second surface 212 opposite to the first surface 211. The colorant layer 22 is formed on the first surface 211, and the hole 23 is formed in the building material main body 21.

  As a result of performing the above-mentioned nail retention test and moisture content test on the building material 2, the nail retention force was 300 kgf and the moisture content was 1% or less.

  The point I want to emphasize here is that when PP and PE are used to manufacture building materials, it was not possible to give the building materials a texture close to that of natural wood even if the proportion of the wooden material was increased to 50% by weight or more. It is. However, according to Example 1 of the present invention, a building material having a texture close to that of natural wood can be produced even with a resin composition having a wood material ratio of 35% by weight.

  As described above, according to the resin composition for manufacturing building materials according to the present invention, it has a texture close to that of natural wood, has excellent strength (especially impact strength at low temperatures), is recyclable, and is environmentally friendly. In addition, building materials with good dimensional stability can be manufactured.

1 Twin Screw Extruder 11 Hopper 12 Melting Section 13 Compression Kneading Section 14 Injection Section 15 Profile Extrusion Die 16 Colorant 2 Building Material 21 Building Material Body 211 First Surface 212 Second Surface 22 Colorant Layer 23 Hole

Claims (10)

A thermoplastic resin mixture containing polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate;
A compatibilizing agent for compatibilizing the polyamide and the polyethylene terephthalate;
Wood material, and
The polyamide and the polyethylene terephthalate are respectively contained in 40 wt% to 60 wt% based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture.   The resin composition for manufacturing building materials according to claim 1, wherein the compatibilizing agent is contained in an amount of 1 to 6% by weight based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture.   The resin composition for manufacturing a building material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compatibilizing agent has a single epoxy group.   The said compatibilizer is an epoxy silane resin or an alicyclic epoxy resin, The resin composition for building material manufacture as described in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The said woody material is 10 weight%-70 weight% is contained on the basis of the weight of the said thermoplastic resin mixture, The material for building materials manufacture as described in any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Resin composition.   The resin composition for producing building materials according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a flame retardant.   The resin composition for manufacturing a building material according to claim 6, wherein the flame retardant is contained in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 1 wt% based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture.   The resin composition for manufacturing a building material according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-based flame retardant, a phosphorus-based flame retardant, and a hydroxyl-based flame retardant. object.   The resin composition for manufacturing building materials according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a modifier.   10. The resin composition for manufacturing a building material according to claim 9, wherein the modifier is contained in an amount of 2 wt% to 10 wt% based on the weight of the thermoplastic resin mixture.

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