JP2013097959A - Polarized electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a polarized electromagnetic relay silent by reducing collision noise generated in a contact collision.SOLUTION: A polarized electromagnetic relay 1 includes a first coil 2 and a second coil 3 wound around a coil bobbin 4, a permanent magnet 5, a movable yoke 8 facing the permanent magnet 5 and driven as the first coil 2 and second coil 3 are magnetized and demagnetized, an armature 6 interlocking with the driving of the movable yoke 8, a fixed yoke 7 having a bearing 7a holding the armature 6 slidably, and contacts 9, 10 having a movable contact and a fixed contact. The polarized relay 1 has two inflection points where the positive/negative sign of a gradient changes in suction force characteristics from a start end position to a tail end position of a stroke of the movable yoke 8 in a non-magnetization state of the first coil 2 and second coil 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a polarized electromagnetic relay that opens and closes a contact mechanism using magnetic flux generated in a coil and magnetic flux of a permanent magnet.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, polarized electromagnetic relays are used in various devices using electricity, such as home appliances such as air conditioners and lighting fixtures, computers and industrial machines.

  For example, in the polarized electromagnetic relay having the contact mechanism shown in FIG. 15A, the armature 153 is parallel to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 154 by flowing current through the excitation coil 151 and exciting the electromagnetic block 152. Slide to. As a result, the armature 153 deforms the movable spring 156 provided with the movable contact 155 and brings the movable contact 155 and the fixed contact 157 in the separated state into contact with each other.

  Next, the attractive force characteristics of the polarized electromagnetic relay will be described with reference to FIG. In the polarized electromagnetic relay, an attractive force can be obtained by a magnetic flux generated by a coil and a magnetic flux generated by a permanent magnet.

  The horizontal axis of the graph indicates the stroke of the armature (movable block), for example, So indicates the start end position of the stroke, and S1 indicates the end position of the stroke. The vertical axis of the graph indicates the spring load force and magnetic attractive force of the movable spring. That is, Fo is an attractive force characteristic when the coil is not excited, Fs is an attractive force characteristic when the coil is excited and the armature is driven to one end, and Fr is an armature that is excited when the coil is excited. Fig. 4 shows the attractive force characteristics when driving. L represents the spring load force received from the movable spring at each stroke position of the armature.

  Since the polarized electromagnetic relay has such an attractive force characteristic, the movable contact and the fixed contact must be brought into contact with and separated from each other based on the balance between the attractive force characteristic Fo and the spring load force L. For example, in order to stably operate the polarized electromagnetic relay, the shape of the attractive force characteristic Fo based on the magnetic force of the permanent magnet and the magnetomotive force of the coil is adjusted, or a bias is applied to the spring load force L by the movable spring.

  In the polarized electromagnetic relay, a collision noise is generated because a collision occurs between parts such as a movable contact and a fixed contact and an iron piece during relay operation and return. Since this collision sound is not preferable for the user, various methods for reducing this collision sound have been proposed.

  For example, an electromagnet that uses a diode to reduce noise by reducing the attractive force after the contact is closed is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In addition, an electromagnetic relay is known in which the displacement speed of the contact holder is cam-controlled during the stroke of the contact closing operation to reduce the contact collision speed and reduce the contact collision noise (for example, Patent Documents). 2).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-4417 JP 2011-96472 A

  However, in the conventional polarized electromagnetic relay, the difference in force between the non-excited attractive force Fo and the spring load force L is still large as shown in FIG. For this reason, there exists a problem that the operating speed of a movable block becomes quick and the collision noise between components, such as a movable contact and a stationary contact, and an iron piece becomes large.

  In addition, when the contacts of the polarized electromagnetic relay are closed, there is a problem that an inrush current several to several tens of times the rated current flows depending on the type of load, and the contacts are welded.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a polarized electromagnetic relay capable of reducing noise by reducing collision noise between components such as a movable contact and a fixed contact. To do. It is another object of the present invention to provide a polarized electromagnetic relay that prevents the relay contact from being welded.

  To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first coil wound around a coil bobbin, a second coil wound around a coil bobbin, and a permanent magnet disposed between the first coil and the second coil. A movable yoke disposed opposite to the permanent magnet and driven to reciprocate in accordance with excitation and demagnetization of the first coil and the second coil, and an armature fixed to the movable yoke and interlocking with the driving of the movable yoke, A fixed yoke having a bearing that slidably holds the armature, a movable contact that is directly driven by the armature, and a contact that has a fixed contact that contacts and separates from the movable contact when the armature is driven. In the pole type electromagnetic relay, when the first coil and the second coil are in a non-excited state, the stroke ends from the start end position of the movable yoke. The suction force characteristics before the drive to the position, is characterized in that it has two inflection points sign of the slope changes.

  In this polarized electromagnetic relay, it is preferable that the movable yoke has at least one concave portion having a concave cross section on a surface facing the permanent magnet, and a plurality of magnetic pole surfaces are formed.

  In this polarized electromagnetic relay, it is preferable that the width of the magnetic pole surface facing the permanent magnet at a middle position of the stroke of the movable yoke is smaller than the width of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet.

  In the polarized electromagnetic relay, the contact includes a first contact and a second contact, and the second contact further includes a 2-1 contact and a 2-2 contact, After the operation of one contact is completed, the operation of the 2-2 contact is started, and the contact material of the 2-1 contact is higher resistance material than the contact material of the 2-2 contact. preferable.

  The polarized electromagnetic relay further includes a control unit that controls a current flowing through the first coil and the second coil and a voltage applied to the first coil and the second coil, and the control unit includes the first coil and the second coil. It is preferable to apply a voltage having a waveform in the opposite direction to the voltage applied to one coil to the second coil.

  In the polarized electromagnetic relay, the first coil and the second coil are connected in series, and the control unit further applies a time-controlled voltage so that the movable yoke stops at an intermediate position of the stroke. It is preferable to apply to the first coil and the second coil.

  In the polarized electromagnetic relay, the first coil and the second coil are connected in series, and the control unit further applies a reverse current of an excitation current flowing through the first coil and the second coil. It is preferable to flow.

  In this polarized electromagnetic relay, the contact is composed of a first contact and a second contact, and the opening and closing operations of the first contact and the second contact are the same. After the operation of the 2-1 contact is completed, the operation of the 2-2 contact is started, and the contact material of the 2-1 contact is A high resistance material is preferable to the contact material of the 2-2 contact.

  In this polarized electromagnetic relay, the contact consists of a first contact and a second contact, and the opening and closing operations of the first contact and the second contact are the same, and the first contact and the second contact are: After being connected in parallel and completing the operation of the first contact, the operation of the second contact is started, and the contact material of the first contact is higher resistance material than the contact material of the second contact. It is preferable.

  In this polarized electromagnetic relay, it is preferable that a contactless relay composed of a bidirectional semiconductor rectifier is connected in series to the second contact.

  In the polarized electromagnetic relay, the contact includes a first contact and a second contact, and the opening and closing operations of the first contact and the second contact are the same, and the first contact and the second contact are connected in series. It is preferable that after the operation of the first contact is completed, the operation of the second contact is started.

  In the polarized electromagnetic relay, it is preferable that the first contact and a hybrid relay in which a contactless relay including the second contact and a semiconductor rectifying element are connected in parallel are connected in series.

  In this polarized electromagnetic relay, the high resistance material is preferably tungsten.

  According to the polarized electromagnetic relay of the present invention, the attractive force characteristic of the stroke of the movable yoke has two inflection points where the sign of the inclination changes. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the driving speed at the intermediate position of the stroke of the movable yoke and reduce the noise caused by the collision of the movable contact and the fixed contact or at the end position of the movable yoke.

(A) And (b) It is sectional drawing of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the said pole type electromagnetic relay, (b) It is a graph which shows the correlation with the magnetic attraction force of the said pole type electromagnetic relay, and a spring load force. (A) Sectional drawing of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 1st modification of Embodiment 1 same as the above, (b) Correlation with the magnetic attraction force of the said polarized electromagnetic relay and spring load force. It is a graph to show. (A) Sectional drawing of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 2nd modification of Embodiment 1 same as the above, (b) Correlation with the magnetic attraction force of the said polarized electromagnetic relay and a spring load force. It is a graph to show. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 3rd modification of Embodiment 1 same as the above, (b) The schematic sectional drawing of the 2nd contact with which the said polarized electromagnetic relay is equipped, (c) ) A graph showing the correlation between the magnetic attractive force and the spring load force of the polarized electromagnetic relay. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, (b) The voltage waveform applied to a 1st coil from the control part with which the said polarized electromagnetic relay is equipped is shown. FIG. 4C is a diagram showing a voltage waveform applied to the second coil from the control unit, and FIG. 4D is a graph showing a correlation between the magnetic attractive force and the spring load force of the polarized electromagnetic relay. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 1st modification of Embodiment 2 same as the above, (b) thru | or (d) From the control part with which the said polarized electromagnetic relay is equipped, it is the 1st coil. It is a figure which shows the voltage waveform applied to a 2nd coil. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 2nd modification of Embodiment 2 same as the above, (b) From the control part with which the said polarized electromagnetic relay is equipped, the 1st coil or the 2nd coil It is a figure which shows the electric current waveform sent through. (A) A circuit diagram of a contact mechanism part of a polarized electromagnetic relay according to a third embodiment of the present invention, (b) a graph showing a correlation between a magnetic attractive force and a spring load force of the polarized electromagnetic relay; c) and (d) are graphs showing current waveforms when the polarized electromagnetic relay is powered on. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 1st modification of Embodiment 3 same as the above, (b) Correlation with the magnetic attraction force of the said polarized electromagnetic relay and a spring load force. It is a graph which shows the current waveform at the time of power activation of the polarized electromagnetic relay. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 2nd modification of Embodiment 3 same as the above, (b) Correlation with the magnetic attraction force of the said polarized electromagnetic relay and a spring load force. It is a graph to show. (A) It is a schematic bottom view in the state which removed the cover of the contact mechanism part of the said polarized electromagnetic relay, (b) It is an exploded perspective view of the polarized electromagnetic relay same as the above. (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention, (b) It is a graph which shows the correlation with the magnetic attraction force and spring load force of the said polarized electromagnetic relay. . (A) The circuit diagram of the contact mechanism part of the polarized electromagnetic relay which concerns on the 1st modification of Embodiment 4 same as the above, (b) Correlation with the magnetic attraction force of the said polarized electromagnetic relay and a spring load force. It is a graph to show. (A) Sectional drawing of the contact mechanism part of the conventional polarized electromagnetic relay, (b) It is a graph which shows the correlation with the magnetic attraction force and spring load force of the conventional polarized electromagnetic relay.

(Embodiment 1)
A polarized electromagnetic relay according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a polarized relay) will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the contact mechanism portion of the polarized relay 1 according to the first embodiment includes a first coil 2, a second coil 3, a coil bobbin 4, a permanent magnet 5, an armature 6, and a fixed A yoke 7, a movable yoke 8, a first contact 9, and a second contact 10 are provided. In addition, each part of these contact mechanism parts is standingly arranged on the insulating base of the polarized relay 1, for example, and is formed in the box shape by which the cover was covered on the base in the state after the assembly.

  The first coil 2 is wound a predetermined number of times around a cylindrical coil bobbin 4 made of an insulating material such as a resin in order to make the magnetomotive force work effectively. A power source is connected to the first coil 2, and a magnetic flux accompanied by an N pole and an S pole is generated when a current flows. Similarly to the first coil 2, the second coil 3 is wound around the cylindrical coil bobbin 4 a predetermined number of times and is connected to a power source to generate a magnetic flux by flowing current in order to make the magnetomotive force work effectively. .

  The permanent magnet 5 is a component that is disposed between the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 housed in the fixed yoke 7 and increases the magnetic attractive force by interaction with the magnetic flux generated by the coils 2 and 3. For example, the permanent magnet 5 is arranged so that the inside has an N pole and the outside has an S pole.

  The armature 6 is slidably held by the fixed yoke 7 in the bearing portion 7a (sliding in the vertical direction in FIG. 1), and receives a spring load force from movable springs (not shown) disposed at both ends thereof. . The armature 6 opens and closes the relay circuit by moving the movable contacts of the contacts 9 and 10 to and away from the fixed contacts in conjunction with the driving of the movable yoke 8. In addition, the movable spring mentioned above is a leaf | plate spring formed in elongate shape, for example, and the armature 6 is urged | biased by spring load force. A movable contact is attached to the tip of the movable spring.

  The fixed yoke 7 is fixed to the base of the polarized relay 1 and includes a bearing portion 7a that holds the armature 6 slidably. The fixed yoke 7 has a U-shaped cross section in FIG. 1 and accommodates the coils 2 and 3, the coil bobbin 4, and the permanent magnet 5 in its internal space.

  The movable yoke 8 is made of a magnetic metal such as iron, forms a magnetic path based on the excitation and demagnetization of the first coil 2 and the second coil 3, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 5, and its magnetic attraction force and spring. The first coil 2 or the second coil 3 is attracted or separated based on the balance with the load force. The movable yoke 8 has concave portions 8a and 8b having a concave cross section on the surface facing the permanent magnet 5, and a plurality (three in the first embodiment) of magnetic pole surfaces 8c to 8e are formed. The

  The first contact 9 and the second contact 10 include a movable contact that is directly driven by the armature 6 and a fixed contact that opens and closes when the armature 6 is driven. The movable contact is formed using a contact material such as silver, silver palladium, or silver nickel having a low contact resistance, and is fixed by caulking to the tip of the movable spring, for example. The fixed contact is formed using the same contact material as that of the movable contact, and is disposed inside the base of the polarized relay 1.

  Next, the contact mechanism of the contacts 9 and 10 of the polarized relay 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The first contact 9 is a one-pole a contact that is normally open (off) and closed (ON) during operation, and the second contact 10 is normally closed (ON). And is a 1-pole b-contact that is open (off) during operation. That is, the polarized relay 1 has a 1a-1b contact provided with contacts 9 and 10. 1A is a diagram in which the movable yoke 8 is driven to the second contact 10 side, and FIG. 1B is a diagram in which the movable yoke 8 is driven to the first contact 9 side.

  Next, the operation of the polarized relay 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. When the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are not excited, the movable yoke 8 is urged by the movable spring and disposed (returned) at the center position of the stroke. At this time, the first contact 9 in the normally open state is in the open state (off), and the second contact 10 in the normally closed state is in the closed state (on).

  When the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are excited to a predetermined polarity, the movable yoke 8 is moved to the first coil 2 side against the spring load force of the movable spring by the generated magnetic flux and the magnetic attractive force of the permanent magnet 5. Driven. Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, one end of the armature 6 is driven to the first contact 9 side, and the movable contact separated from the first contact 9 comes into contact with the fixed contact. As a result, the first contact 9 changes from the open state (off) to the closed state (on).

  On the other hand, when the second coil 3 and the first coil 2 are excited to a predetermined polarity, the movable yoke 8 is moved to the second coil 3 side against the spring load force of the movable spring by the generated magnetic flux and the magnetic attractive force of the permanent magnet 5. It can be moved to. Then, as shown in FIG. 1A, one end of the armature 6 is driven to the second contact 10 side, and the second contact 10 changes from the closed state (on) to the open state (off).

  Next, the attractive force characteristics of the polarized relay 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2B indicates the stroke position of the movable yoke 8. For example, S2 indicates the start position of the stroke of the movable yoke 8, and S3 indicates the end position of the stroke of the movable yoke 8. FIG. . The vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 2B shows the spring load force and magnetic attractive force of the movable spring, and F1 shows the attractive force characteristics received from the permanent magnet 5 when the coils 2 and 3 are not excited. F2 indicates an attractive force characteristic when the movable yoke 8 is driven to the S3 side, and F3 indicates an attractive force characteristic when the movable yoke 8 is driven to the S2 side. L1 indicates a spring load force by the movable spring at each stroke position of the movable yoke 8.

  As shown in the figure, the non-excited attractive force characteristic F1 includes two inflection points H1 and H2, which are points where the sign of the slope changes. Specifically, at the inflection point H1, the sign of the slope changes from positive → 0 → negative, and at the inflection point H2, the sign of the slope changes from negative → 0 → positive.

  As described above, the movable yoke 8 has the recesses 8a and 8b on the surface facing the permanent magnet 5, and a plurality of magnetic pole surfaces 8c to 8e are formed. With this configuration, in the polarized relay 1 according to the first embodiment, the shape of the attractive force characteristic can be adjusted so as to provide two inflection points H1 and H2, and the force between the attractive force characteristic F1 and the spring load L1 can be adjusted. The difference can be reduced and the operation speed of the movable yoke 8 can be reduced. That is, the movable yoke 8 is surely decelerated in the vicinity of the intermediate position of the stroke, and as a result, the intermediate stop operation of the movable yoke 8 is stabilized, the generation of the collision sound is mitigated, and the silence can be realized.

(First modification)
A first modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this modified example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the movable yoke 8 has concave portions 8f and 8g having a concave cross section, and a plurality of magnetic pole surfaces 8h to 8j are formed. These magnetic pole surfaces 8h to 8j are wider in the direction indicated by the arrow Y in the drawing than the magnetic pole surfaces 8c to 8e of the movable yoke 8 according to the first embodiment.

  FIG. 3B shows the attractive force characteristic F4 of the polarized relay 1 according to this modification, and the sign of the slope changes as in the attractive force characteristic F1 shown in FIG. 2B of the first embodiment. Two inflection points H3 and H4 are included.

  Therefore, in this modification, as in the first embodiment, the operation speed at the intermediate position of the stroke of the movable yoke 8 is reduced, and the intermediate stop operation can be stabilized. It is possible to reduce the noise during the collision.

(Second modification)
A second modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this modified example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the movable yoke 8 has concave portions 8k and 8l having a concave cross section, and a plurality of magnetic pole surfaces 8m to 8o are formed. The width in the arrow Y direction of the magnetic pole surface 8n that is sandwiched between the recesses 8k and 8l and faces the permanent magnet 5 when the movable yoke 8 is disposed at the middle position of the stroke is the width of the magnetic pole surface 5a of the permanent magnet 5. Smaller.

  FIG. 4B shows the attractive force characteristic F5 of the polarized relay 1 according to this modification, and the sign of the inclination is the same as the attractive force characteristics F1 to F3 shown in FIG. 2B of the first embodiment. Two inflection points H5 and H6 are included. Moreover, the change of the inclination of the inflection points H5 and H6 is larger than the inflection points H1 to H4 described above.

  Therefore, in the second modification, in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain a greater deceleration effect at the intermediate position of the stroke of the movable yoke 8, and the stopping operation at the intermediate position of the movable yoke 8. Stabilization can be achieved and noise reduction can be achieved more effectively.

(Third Modification)
A third modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the present modification, the second contact 10 of the polarized relay 1 has a 2-1 contact 10a and a 2-2 contact 10b, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). After the operation of the 2-1 contact 10a is completed, the operation of the 2-2 contact 10b is started. The contact material of the 2-1 contact 10a is tungsten, silver tungsten, or the like, which is a higher resistance material than the 2-2 contact 10b. Silver tungsten is a material having high hardness and melting point, excellent arc resistance, and strong against welding.

  Usually, an inrush current larger than a steady current flows when the contact of the polarized relay 1 is turned on. For example, an inrush current that is several to several tens of times the rated current flows in loads such as transformers, motors, lamps, etc., so that the contact surface of the contact and its vicinity may melt and adhere, causing welding that becomes difficult to separate. .

  In this modified example, as shown in FIG. 5C, since the 2-2 contact 10b is turned on after the 2-1 contact 10a is turned on, the 2-1 contact 10a is energized. The current application time T1 is shorter than in the case of one contact configuration. Moreover, since the inrush current flows through the 2-1 contact 10a, it is possible to prevent the inrush current from flowing through the 2-2 contact 10b as much as possible. Therefore, in this modification, in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, the welding resistance of the second contact 10 can be improved.

(Embodiment 2)
A polarized relay according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to the polarized relay which concerns on the said Embodiment 1, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted (hereinafter the same).

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the polarized relay according to the second embodiment has a current that flows through the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 and a voltage that is applied to the first coil 2 and the second coil 3. The control part 11 to control is provided. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C, the control unit 11 generates a voltage waveform in a direction opposite to the rectangular wave voltage applied to the first coil 2 in the second coil. 3 is applied. Note that the winding directions of the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are the same.

  In this case, the directions of the magnetic fluxes generated in the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are reversed, reverse braking works at an intermediate position of the stroke of the movable yoke, and the movable yoke can be reliably stopped at the intermediate position of the stroke. FIG. 6D shows the relationship between the time when the first contact 9 is turned off and the time when the second contact 10 is turned on in the polarized relay having the contact mechanism shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the control unit 11 applies a voltage waveform in the opposite direction to the voltage applied to the first coil 2 to the second coil 3. For this reason, it is possible to reversely brake the movement of the movable yoke and reliably stop the movable yoke at the intermediate position of the stroke. Therefore, the generation of impact sound is suppressed by reducing the speed of the movable yoke, and further noise reduction can be achieved. In addition, when the winding direction of the 1st coil 2 and the 2nd coil 3 is reverse, the control part 11 obtains the same effect by applying the same direction voltage waveform to the 1st coil 2 and the 2nd coil 3. .

(First modification)
A first modification of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the present modification, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are connected in series in order to reduce power consumption. For example, if the voltage application time from the control unit 11 is too long as shown in FIG. 7B, the intermediate stop of the movable yoke is lost, and the voltage application time is too short as shown in FIG. 7D. And the movable yoke does not start operation. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7C, the control unit 11 adjusts the voltage application time so that the movable yoke stops at the middle position of the stroke. With this control unit 11, in the first modification, in addition to the effect of the second embodiment, it is possible to reduce the current consumption.

(Second modification)
A second modification of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this modification, as shown in FIG. 8A, the circuit configuration of the polarized relay is the same as that of Modification 1. As shown in FIG. 8B, the control unit 11 causes a reverse current to flow while energizing the excitation current. For this reason, even when the energization time to the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 becomes long and the speed of the movable yoke increases, the movable yoke is reverse braked by flowing a reverse current instead of controlling the current over time. Then, the movable yoke is adjusted so as to stop at the middle position of the stroke. Therefore, in the second modification, the stop operation at an intermediate position of the stroke of the movable yoke can be further stabilized and the noise can be reduced.

(Embodiment 3)
A polarized relay according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, an inrush current larger than that in the steady state flows when the contact of the polarized relay is closed. For example, in a load such as a transformer or a motor, an inrush current that is several to several tens of times the rated current flows, and the contact surface of the contact and its vicinity may be melted and fixed to cause welding that becomes difficult to separate.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, the second contact 10 of the polarized relay according to the third embodiment has a 2-1 contact 10a and a 2-2 contact 10b, and a 2-1 contact 10a. After the operation is completed, the operation of the 2-2 contact 10b is started. The first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are connected in series.

  The first contact 9 and the second contact 10 have the same opening / closing operation. That is, as shown in FIG. 9B, the first contact 10 is a lift-off type contact, and the stroke is turned on in a rightward range in the figure from the point 11a. The 2-1 contact point 10a is turned on in the range of the right direction in the figure from the point 11b, and the 2-2 contact point 10b is turned on in the range of the right direction in the figure from the point 11c. Moreover, the 2-1 contact 10a and the 2-2 contact 10b function as a double cut relay for completely disconnecting the load and the power source.

  FIGS. 9C and 9D show waveforms of inrush currents A and B when the types of loads are different. In the polarized relay according to the third embodiment, the first contact 9, the 2-1 contact 10a, and the 2-2 contact 10b are closed in this order as described above. It is possible to shorten the current application period and further improve the welding resistance of the second contact 10.

(First modification)
A first modification of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this modification, as shown in FIG. 10A, the first contact 9 and the second contact 10 of the polarized relay are connected in parallel. Further, the contact material of the first contact 9 is a higher resistance material than the contact material of the second contact 10 such as tungsten.

  The first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are connected in series, and the first contact 9 and the second contact 10 have the same opening / closing operation. For this reason, the first contact 9 and the second contact 10 are closed in this order. That is, as shown in FIG. 10B, the first contact 9 is a lift-off type contact, and the stroke of the movable yoke is turned on in the right range in the drawing from the point 12a, and the second contact 10 is From 12b, the stroke of the movable yoke is turned on in the right range in the figure.

  FIGS. 10C and 10D show waveforms of inrush currents A and B when the types of loads are different. In the polarized relay according to this modification, since the first contact 9 is turned on and the second contact 10 is turned on after the period L3, no inrush current flows through the second contact 10. For this reason, it becomes possible to further improve the welding resistance of the second contact 10 and to further extend the life of the polarized relay.

(Second modification)
A second modification of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In this modification, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the first contact 9 and the second contact 10 of the polarized relay are the 2a contact in which the contact mechanism (a contact) having the same opening / closing operation is connected in two poles in series. Thus, the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are connected in series. Further, as shown in FIG. 11B, the first contact 9 is a lift-off type contact, and the stroke of the movable yoke is turned on in the right range in the figure from the point 13a, and the second contact 10 is From 13b, the stroke of the movable yoke is turned on in the right range in the figure. That is, after the operation of the first contact 9 is completed, the operation of the second contact 10 is started.

  Next, the structure of the contact mechanism part of the polarized relay according to this modification will be described with reference to FIG. The coils 2 and 3 of the polarized relay 1 are accommodated in the fixed yoke 7, and the armature 6 whose end protrudes from the bearing portion of the fixed yoke 7 is driven as the coils 2 and 3 are excited and demagnetized. The polarized relay 1 according to this modification includes a movable block 14 that rotates around a bearing portion 15a provided on a base 15 by an armature 6, and the movable block 14 has a protruding portion that protrudes downward in the figure. 14a and 14b are provided.

  The first contact 9 is a lift-off contact, and the protrusion 14b moves in the direction of the arrow Y1 as the armature 6 is driven, so that the contact spring 16b is separated from the fixed contact and is turned off. On the other hand, the second contact 10 is a flexure-type contact, and as the armature 6 is driven, the protrusion 14a moves in the direction of the arrow Y2, so that the contact spring 16a contacts the fixed contact and is turned on. The terminal 17 protrudes from the lower surface of the cover 18 in a completed state of the polarized relay and is connected to a power source and a load.

  For this reason, in this modified example, in addition to the effect of the third embodiment, the two contact points 9 and 10 can be controlled to open and close by a single contact mechanism unit, so that parts saving and cost reduction can be achieved. it can.

(Embodiment 4)
A polarized relay according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 13A, the polarized relay according to the fourth embodiment is a hybrid relay in which a first contact 9, a contactless relay 20 including a second contact 10 and a semiconductor rectifying element are connected in parallel. 21 is connected in series. The contactless relay 20 does not have a mechanical relay, and is internally composed of semiconductor / electronic components such as a triac and a resistor. Signals and electric power are turned on and off electronically using these electronic circuits. Is.

  FIG. 13B shows the attractive force characteristics of the polarized relay. The first contact 9 is a lift-off type contact, and the stroke of the movable yoke is turned on in the right range in the figure from the point 22a. The contact 10 is turned on when the stroke of the movable yoke is on the right side in the figure from the point 22b.

  Therefore, since the polarized relay according to the fourth embodiment includes the hybrid relay 21, when the switch is turned on, an inrush current flowing from the power source to the load is caused to flow to the non-contact relay 20, and the second contact 10 that is a mechanical switch is large. It is possible to avoid flowing inrush current. For this reason, while being able to miniaturize a polarized relay, the lifetime reduction by welding of the 2nd contact 10 etc. can be controlled.

(First modification)
A first modification of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the present modification, as shown in FIG. 14A, the first contact 9 and the second contact 10 are connected in parallel, and the contactless relay 23 including the first contact 9 and the bidirectional semiconductor rectifier element is provided. Connected in series. FIG. 14 (b) shows the attractive force characteristics of the polarized relay. The first contact 9 is a lift-off type contact, and the stroke of the movable yoke is turned on in the right range in the figure from the point 24a. The contact 10 is turned on when the stroke of the movable yoke from the point 24b is in the right range in the figure. Therefore, in addition to the effects of the fourth embodiment, the polarized relay according to the present modification can reduce the size of the polarized relay and realize long-life switching of the polarized relay.

  The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the polarized relay 1 according to each of the above embodiments uses a two-winding type using the first coil 2 and the second coil 3, but the invention is also applied to a polarized relay having a single-winding coil. Can be applied.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Polarized electromagnetic relay 2 1st coil 3 2nd coil 4 Coil bobbin 5 Permanent magnet 5a Magnetic pole surface 6 Armature 7 Fixed yoke 8 Movable yoke 8a, 8b Recessed part 8c, 8d, 8e Magnetic pole surface 9 1st contact 10 2nd contact 11 Control unit 20, 23 Solid state relay 21 Hybrid relay

Claims (13)

A first coil wound around a coil bobbin;
A second coil wound around a coil bobbin;
A permanent magnet disposed between the first coil and the second coil;
A movable yoke disposed opposite to the permanent magnet and driven to reciprocate with the excitation and demagnetization of the first coil and the second coil;
An armature fixed to the movable yoke and interlocking with the driving of the movable yoke;
A fixed yoke having a bearing for slidably holding the armature;
A polarized electromagnetic relay comprising: a movable contact directly driven by the armature; and a contact having a fixed contact that comes in contact with and separates from the movable contact as the armature is driven.
In the state where the first coil and the second coil are not excited, two inflection points where the sign of the slope changes in the attractive force characteristics until the movable yoke is driven from the start position to the end position of the stroke. A polarized electromagnetic relay characterized by comprising:   2. The polarized type according to claim 1, wherein the movable yoke has at least one concave portion having a concave cross section on a surface facing the permanent magnet, and a plurality of magnetic pole surfaces are formed. Electromagnetic relay.   The polarized electromagnetic relay according to claim 2, wherein a width of the magnetic pole surface facing the permanent magnet at an intermediate position of the stroke of the movable yoke is smaller than a width of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet. The contact consists of a first contact and a second contact,
The second contact further includes a 2-1 contact and a 2-2 contact. After the operation of the 2-1 contact is completed, the operation of the 2-2 contact is started.
2. The polarized electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, wherein the contact material of the 2-1 contact is a higher resistance material than the contact material of the 2-2 contact. A control unit for controlling a current applied to the first coil and the second coil and a voltage applied to the first coil and the second coil;
5. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit applies a voltage having a waveform opposite to a voltage applied to the first coil to the second coil. 6. Polarized electromagnetic relay. The first coil and the second coil are connected in series,
6. The control unit according to claim 5, further comprising applying a time-controlled voltage to the first coil and the second coil so that the movable yoke stops at an intermediate position of the stroke. Polarized electromagnetic relay. The first coil and the second coil are connected in series,
The polarized electromagnetic relay according to claim 5, wherein the control unit further causes a reverse current of an exciting current to flow through the first coil and the second coil to flow during energization. The contact consists of a first contact and a second contact,
The opening and closing operations of the first contact and the second contact are the same,
The second contact further includes a 2-1 contact and a 2-2 contact. After the operation of the 2-1 contact is completed, the operation of the 2-2 contact is started.
8. The polarized electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, wherein the contact material of the 2-1 contact is a higher resistance material than the contact material of the 2-2 contact. relay. The contact consists of a first contact and a second contact,
The opening and closing operations of the first contact and the second contact are the same,
The first contact and the second contact are connected in parallel, and after the operation of the first contact is completed, the operation of the second contact is started,
8. The polarized electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, wherein the contact material of the first contact is a material having a higher resistance than the contact material of the second contact.   The polarized electromagnetic relay according to claim 9, wherein a contactless relay composed of a bidirectional semiconductor rectifying element is connected in series to the second contact. The contact consists of a first contact and a second contact,
The opening and closing operations of the first contact and the second contact are the same,
The first contact and the second contact are connected in series, and the operation of the second contact is started after the operation of the first contact is completed. The polarized electromagnetic relay according to one item.   The polarized electromagnetic according to claim 11, wherein the first contact and a hybrid relay in which a contactless relay including the second contact and a semiconductor rectifying element are connected in parallel are connected in series. relay.   The polarized electromagnetic relay according to claim 4, wherein the high-resistance material is tungsten.