JP2013095957A - Method for operating blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for operating blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013095957A JP2013095957A JP2011238916A JP2011238916A JP2013095957A JP 2013095957 A JP2013095957 A JP 2013095957A JP 2011238916 A JP2011238916 A JP 2011238916A JP 2011238916 A JP2011238916 A JP 2011238916A JP 2013095957 A JP2013095957 A JP 2013095957A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、高炉操業方法に関するものであり、特に羽口先速度を決定するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for operating a blast furnace, and in particular, determines a tuyere tip speed.
従来の知見としては、高炉に吹き込む熱風の羽口先での速度（以下、羽口先速度と称す）が小さい場合は、中心部まで熱風が送られず、炉壁側に熱風が流れやすくなる。また、高炉の炉床に堆積したコークスの塊である炉芯に対して充分に熱風が流れず、熱供給が行われないために炉芯の温度が低下し、炉芯に溶解して滴下した銑滓の流動性が低下することで銑滓の排出不良が懸念される。 As conventional knowledge, when the speed of hot air blown into the blast furnace at the tuyere tip (hereinafter referred to as tuyere tip speed) is small, the hot air is not sent to the center and the hot air easily flows to the furnace wall side. In addition, hot air does not sufficiently flow to the core of the coke that has accumulated on the hearth of the blast furnace, and heat supply is not performed, so the temperature of the core decreases, and it melts and drops into the core. There is concern about poor discharge of soot due to a decrease in soot fluidity.
一方、羽口先速度が大きい場合には、炉芯に対する熱風の衝風エネルギーが増加し、炉芯のコークスが粉化し、この粉化によって炉芯が目詰まりすることで、炉内中心部まで熱風が流れきれずに通気不良を起こし、炉壁側に熱風が流れる周辺流化が懸念される。このため、羽口先速度の範囲を経験的に決定し、操業を行っているのが実状である。
なお、特許文献１の従来技術では、高炉レースウェイにおけるコークス粉化を抑制するための高炉操業を提案しているが、羽口風速の変化量が所定の範囲となるように、送風温度、送風湿度、酸素富化率等を設定している。また、特許文献２の従来技術では、レースウェイの脈動周波数が所定の範囲となるように、羽口径、風温、羽口ガス圧力、燃料吹き込み量等を調整し、レースウェイの深度を制御している。すなわち、これら特許文献１、２の従来技術は、何れも羽口先速度を定量的に決定するものではない。
On the other hand, when the tuyere tip speed is high, the blast energy of the hot air against the furnace core is increased, the coke of the furnace core is pulverized, and the core is clogged by this pulverization. There is a concern that the airflow will be poor and the air flow will be poor, and that the surrounding air will flow to the furnace wall. Therefore, the actual situation is that the range of the tuyere tip speed is determined empirically and the operation is performed.
In addition, in the prior art of
上記のように、高炉操業においては、羽口先速度を経験的に決定しており、通気性などに関する高炉の状況（以下、炉況と称す）を安定的にすることが課題であり、羽口先速度はその炉況を決定する因子の一つとなっている。羽口先速度が小さいことで起こる銑滓の排出不良によって、炉内の溶融物のレベルが増加し圧損領域が上昇すると通気性が阻害される。また、羽口先速度が大きいことで起こる炉芯コークスの粉化によっても通気性が阻害される。 As mentioned above, in blast furnace operation, the tuyere tip speed is determined empirically, and the problem is to stabilize the blast furnace situation (hereinafter referred to as the furnace condition) related to air permeability. Speed is one of the factors that determine the furnace conditions. Breathability is hindered when the level of melt in the furnace increases and the pressure drop area increases due to poor soot discharge caused by low tuyere tip speed. In addition, air permeability is also hindered by pulverization of the core coke that occurs due to the high tuyere tip speed.
このような通気性の阻害は、炉内での原料の棚吊りを発生させやすくし、原料の荷下りが悪くなり、さらに原料が棚吊りの状態から炉内に落下した場合、羽口に原料が衝突し破損する可能性もある。また、炉芯コークスの粉化によるガスの周辺流化は炉体への熱負荷を増加させ、さらには炉壁から外部に放出される熱量が増加し、より多くの熱量を高炉に投入せざるを得なくなる。 Such a hindrance to air permeability makes it easier to generate shelves of raw materials in the furnace. May collide and break. In addition, the peripheral flow of gas by pulverizing the core coke increases the heat load on the furnace body, further increases the amount of heat released from the furnace wall to the outside, and more heat must be input to the blast furnace. No longer get.
このように、羽口先速度の設定は操業に大きく影響を及ぼすものであるが、この羽口先速度の決定は未だ経験的に行われており、定量的な決定方法がなかった。
本発明の課題は、高炉プロフィールから圧力変動を抑制可能な羽口先速度を決定し、安定した高炉操業を行うことである。
Thus, the setting of the tuyere tip speed has a great influence on the operation, but the tuyere tip speed is still determined empirically, and there is no quantitative determination method.
The subject of this invention is determining the tuyere tip speed which can suppress a pressure fluctuation from a blast furnace profile, and performing stable blast furnace operation.
本発明の一態様に係る高炉操業方法は、高炉内容積を高炉羽口数で除した値を高炉指標と定義し、各高炉羽口からの吹き込み速度である羽口先速度を高炉指標で除した値が予め設定した範囲内となるように、羽口先速度を制御することを特徴とする。
本発明の一態様に係る高炉操業方法は、羽口先速度を高炉指標で除した値が１.７５以上且つ２.２５以下の範囲となるように、羽口先速度を制御することを特徴とする。
The blast furnace operating method according to one aspect of the present invention defines a value obtained by dividing the blast furnace volume by the number of blast furnace tuyere as a blast furnace index, and a value obtained by dividing the tuyere tip speed, which is the blowing speed from each blast furnace tuyere, by the blast furnace index. The tuyere tip speed is controlled so that is within a preset range.
The blast furnace operating method according to an aspect of the present invention is characterized by controlling the tuyere tip speed so that a value obtained by dividing the tuyere tip speed by a blast furnace index is in a range of 1.75 or more and 2.25 or less. .
本発明の一態様に係る高炉操業方法は、羽口先速度を高炉指標で除した値が１.８０以上且つ２.００以下の範囲となるように、羽口先速度を制御することを特徴とする。 The blast furnace operating method according to an aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the tuyere tip speed is controlled so that a value obtained by dividing the tuyere tip speed by a blast furnace index is in a range of 1.80 or more and 2.00 or less. .
本発明の一態様に係る高炉操業方法によれば、羽口先速度を高炉指標で除した値と圧力変動指数との関係に基づき、羽口先速度を制御しているので、高炉ごとに適切な羽口先速度を設定することができる。すなわち、高炉プロフィールから圧力変動を抑制可能な羽口先速度を決定し、安定した高炉操業を行うことができる。 According to the blast furnace operating method according to one aspect of the present invention, the tuyere tip speed is controlled based on the relationship between the value obtained by dividing the tuyere tip speed by the blast furnace index and the pressure fluctuation index. The mouth speed can be set. That is, it is possible to determine the tuyere tip speed capable of suppressing the pressure fluctuation from the blast furnace profile and perform stable blast furnace operation.
以下、本実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態は、各高炉羽口からの吹き込み速度である羽口先速度Ｖｔと、高炉プロフィールを考慮した高炉指標ｖ‐ｔｕｙを用いると共に、炉況を示す圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖによって整理することで、各高炉における適正な羽口先速度Ｖｔの決定を行うものである。
Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described.
The present embodiment uses the tuyere tip speed Vt, which is the blowing speed from each blast furnace tuyere, and the blast furnace index v-tuy considering the blast furnace profile, and organizes it by the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V indicating the furnace condition. The appropriate tuyere tip speed Vt in each blast furnace is determined.
ここで、高炉指標ｖ‐ｔｕｙとは、高炉内全容積に対して熱風を供給する際の羽口１本当たりが賄うべき容積に相当する指標であり、高炉内容積［ｍ3］／高炉羽口数［本］である。すなわち、高炉のプロフィールによって決定される定数である。
また、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖにおいて、σは標準偏差であり、ΔＰは羽口前圧力［ｋＰａ］と炉頂圧力［ｋＰａ］との差分（羽口前圧力−炉頂圧力）で表される炉内でのガスの圧損であり、Ｖは送風流量［Ｎｍ3／ｍｉｎ］である。したがって、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖは、送風流量当たりの炉内圧損の変動を示す指数であり、この圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖが大きいほど、炉内圧損の変動が大きいことを示す。すなわち、炉内圧損はガス流れの変化によって変動を起こすため、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖの値により、ガス流れの安定性が示され、この値が小さいほどガス流れが安定していることを示す。
Here, the blast furnace index v-tuy is an index corresponding to the volume to be covered by one tuyere when hot air is supplied to the total volume in the blast furnace, and the blast furnace volume [m 3 ] / blast furnace blade It is a number [number]. That is, a constant determined by the profile of the blast furnace.
Further, in the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V, σ is a standard deviation, and ΔP is expressed by a difference between the tuyere front pressure [kPa] and the top pressure [kPa] (pre tuyere pressure−top pressure). It is the pressure loss of the gas in the furnace, and V is the air flow rate [Nm 3 / min]. Therefore, the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V is an index indicating the fluctuation of the furnace pressure loss per blowing flow rate, and the larger the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V, the larger the fluctuation of the furnace pressure loss. That is, since the pressure loss in the furnace fluctuates due to the change in the gas flow, the value of the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V indicates the stability of the gas flow, and the smaller this value, the more stable the gas flow. .
図１は、羽口先速度Ｖｔと圧力変動指標σΔＰ／Ｖとの関係を示す操業実績である。
図中の高炉ごとの括弧内には、高炉内容積と高炉羽口数とを示している。羽口先速度Ｖｔは、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖと定性的には相関が考えられるが、この図１からも分るように、羽口先速度Ｖｔと圧力変動指標σΔＰ／Ｖとの関係においては、直接的な相関は見られない。
FIG. 1 is an operation record showing the relationship between the tuyere tip speed Vt and the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V.
In the parenthesis for each blast furnace in the figure, the blast furnace volume and the number of blast furnace tuyere are shown. The tuyere tip speed Vt is considered to be qualitatively correlated with the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V, but as can be seen from FIG. 1, in relation to the tuyere tip speed Vt and the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V, There is no direct correlation.
図２は、羽口先速度Ｖｔを高炉指標ｖ‐ｔｕｙで除した値Ｖｔ／ｖ‐ｔｕｙと圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖとの関係を示す図である。
このように、羽口先速度Ｖｔを高炉指標ｖ‐ｔｕｙで除した値Ｖｔ／ｖ‐ｔｕｙで整理すると、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖとの間に、相関が見られることが分った。そして、Ｖｔ／ｖ‐ｔｕｙを１.７５以上、且つ２.２５以下の範囲内にて操業を行うことで、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖを０.２５以下に抑制でき、安定操業が可能だと考えられる。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the value Vt / v-tuy obtained by dividing the tuyere tip speed Vt by the blast furnace index v-tuy and the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V.
Thus, it was found that when the tuyere tip speed Vt is arranged by the value Vt / v-tuy divided by the blast furnace index v-tuy, there is a correlation with the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V. And by operating within the range of Vt / v-tuy of 1.75 or more and 2.25 or less, the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V can be suppressed to 0.25 or less, and stable operation is possible. Conceivable.
しかし、羽口先速度Ｖｔの調整には羽口径の変更など大掛かりな作業を必要とし、羽口の変更によるコストアップも考えられる。そのため、Ｖｔ／ｖ‐ｔｕｙを１.８０以上、且つ２.００以下の範囲内にて操業を行うことが現実的であり、この範囲内にて羽口先速度Ｖｔを決定することで、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖの値を抑制し、ガス流の変動を抑制した安定操業を図ることができる。 However, the adjustment of the tuyere tip speed Vt requires a large-scale operation such as changing the tuyere diameter, and the cost can be increased by changing the tuyere. Therefore, it is realistic to operate within a range of Vt / v-tuy of 1.80 or more and 2.00 or less. By determining the tuyere tip speed Vt within this range, pressure fluctuation The value of the index σΔP / V can be suppressed, and stable operation can be achieved while suppressing fluctuations in gas flow.
上記のように、高炉指標ｖ‐ｔｕｙを用い、高炉の羽口先速度Ｖｔを決定し操業を行うことで、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖの値を低減し、炉内のガス流の安定化を図れるため、高炉の安定操業が可能となる。また、Ｖｔ／ｖ‐ｔｕｙの値を、１.７５以上、且つ２.２５以下の範囲とすることで、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖの値を充分に抑制することができる。また、Ｖｔ／ｖ‐ｔｕｙの値を、１.８０以上、且つ２.００以下の範囲とすることで、羽口先速度Ｖｔの変更に必要となる羽口径の調整作業などを低減できるので、コストアップを抑制することができる。 As described above, by using the blast furnace index v-tuy to determine the blast furnace tip speed Vt and operating it, the value of the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V can be reduced and the gas flow in the furnace can be stabilized. Therefore, stable operation of the blast furnace becomes possible. Further, by setting the value of Vt / v-tuy to a range of 1.75 or more and 2.25 or less, the value of the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V can be sufficiently suppressed. In addition, by adjusting the value of Vt / v-tuy to a range of 1.80 or more and 2.00 or less, adjustment work of tuyere diameter necessary for changing tuyere tip speed Vt can be reduced. Up can be suppressed.
ここで、新高炉において、羽口先速度Ｖｔを決定し、羽口径の設計に反映させた実施例について説明する。
図３は、新高炉における一日ごとの操業実績を示す図である。
上記のように、羽口先速度Ｖｔを決定したことで、圧力変動指数σΔＰ／Ｖを０.２５以下に安定させることができた。また、炉況も安定したため、積極的にコークス比の低減、小塊コークス比の増加を行い、このときのコークス比３６０［ｋｇ／ｔ］、小塊コークス比７０［ｋｇ／ｔ］という成績を得ることができた。
Here, an embodiment in which the tuyere tip speed Vt is determined in the new blast furnace and reflected in the design of the tuyere diameter will be described.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the daily operation results in the new blast furnace.
As described above, by determining the tuyere tip speed Vt, the pressure fluctuation index σΔP / V could be stabilized at 0.25 or less. In addition, because the furnace conditions were stable, the coke ratio was actively reduced and the small coke ratio was increased. At this time, the coke ratio was 360 [kg / t] and the small coke ratio was 70 [kg / t]. I was able to get it.
Ｖｔ…羽口先速度
ｖ‐ｔｕｙ…高炉指標
σΔＰ／Ｖ…圧力変動指数
Vt ... tuyere tip speed v-tuy ... blast furnace index σΔP / V ... pressure fluctuation index
Claims (3)
各高炉羽口からの吹き込み速度である羽口先速度を前記高炉指標で除した値が予め設定した範囲内となるように、前記羽口先速度を制御することを特徴とする高炉操業方法。 The value obtained by dividing the blast furnace volume by the number of blast furnace tuyere is defined as the blast furnace index.
A blast furnace operating method, wherein the tuyere tip speed is controlled so that a value obtained by dividing a tuyere tip speed, which is a blowing speed from each blast furnace tuyere, by the blast furnace index is within a preset range.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114117765A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-01 | 北京奥信化工科技发展有限责任公司 | Blasting design parameter optimization method and device for realizing lowest drilling and blasting cost |
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| JPH09256012A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-09-30 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for blowing pulverized fine coal into blast furnace and pipe for blowing pulverized fine coal |
| JP2002121609A (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2002-04-26 | Nkk Corp | Method for operating blast furnace by injecting large quantity of pulverized coal |
| JP2008231529A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Jfe Steel Kk | Apparatus for injecting gaseous reducing material into blast furnace and method for operating blast furnace using the same |
| JP2011102439A (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2011-05-26 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method for operating blast furnace by injecting large-quantity of fine-powdery coals |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH06316713A (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-15 | Nkk Corp | Operation of blast furnace |
| JPH09256012A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-09-30 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for blowing pulverized fine coal into blast furnace and pipe for blowing pulverized fine coal |
| JP2002121609A (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2002-04-26 | Nkk Corp | Method for operating blast furnace by injecting large quantity of pulverized coal |
| JP2011102439A (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2011-05-26 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method for operating blast furnace by injecting large-quantity of fine-powdery coals |
| JP2008231529A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Jfe Steel Kk | Apparatus for injecting gaseous reducing material into blast furnace and method for operating blast furnace using the same |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114117765A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-01 | 北京奥信化工科技发展有限责任公司 | Blasting design parameter optimization method and device for realizing lowest drilling and blasting cost |
| CN114117765B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-07-29 | 北京奥信化工科技发展有限责任公司 | Blasting design parameter optimization method and device for realizing lowest drilling and blasting cost |
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