JP2013090822A - Breath assist device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the burden that hangs in a patient from increasing, and to prevent that the gas sent off from a source leaks and the amount supplied to lungs decreases.SOLUTION: A breath assist device 10 includes: a source 11 that sends off the gas that becomes an intake; an intake tube 12 in which the proximal end is connected with the source 11; a mask 13 disposed at the distal end of the intake tube 12; and a piezo element 22 that is displaced in proportion to the amount of the application of voltage; and is provided with an exhalation valve 15 that opens or shuts by displacement of piezo element 22.

Description

  The present invention relates to a respiratory assistance device.

  In the medical field, a respiratory assistance device such as a ventilator is used. A general respiratory assistance device includes an oxygen supply source such as an oxygen cylinder, an inspiratory pipe connected to the supply source, a mask attached to the tip of the inspiratory pipe, an exhalation pipe branched from the inspiratory pipe, An exhalation valve fixed to the tip of the exhalation tube is provided (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4).

  These respiratory assistance devices include a controlled ventilation system used for patients who do not breathe spontaneously (general anesthesia, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and severe patients), and positive pressure in the airways to match the patient's spontaneous breathing ( Various systems such as an assisted ventilation system that creates positive pressure are used.

  In any type of respiratory assistance device, oxygen delivered from the oxygen cylinder is supplied to the lungs as inspiration via the inspiratory tube. The oxygen supplied to the lungs is then exhaled naturally as exhaled air by the elasticity of the lungs. The exhaled exhaled air is discharged outside from the exhalation valve via the exhalation tube.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-131765 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-131773 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-131774 JP 05-245204 A

  About 30% of the oxygen delivered from the oxygen cylinder leaks from the exhalation valve and is not supplied to the lungs. Certainly, the amount of oxygen leaking from the exhalation valve can be reduced by adopting a diaphragm as the exhalation valve. However, due to the structure of the diaphragm, the flow rate of exhaled air discharged from the exhalation valve changes rapidly, and the air pressure in the mask changes abruptly, increasing the burden on the patient. Such a problem is not limited to the case where oxygen is sent out from the oxygen cylinder, but is common in the case where other gases are sent out from other sources.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and prevents an increase in the burden on the patient, and also reduces the amount of gas supplied from the supply source to the lungs due to leakage of the gas delivered from the supply source. An object of the present invention is to provide a breathing assistance device that prevents the above.

  The above-mentioned object is achieved by the following means based on the earnest research of the present inventors.

  (1) The present invention includes an inhalation path, an exhalation path, and an exhalation valve provided on the exhalation path, and the exhalation valve includes a piezo element that is displaced according to the amount of voltage applied. Thus, the respiratory assistance device is characterized in that it opens and closes when the piezo element is displaced.

  (2) The respiratory assistance device according to (1), wherein the exhalation valve closes when a voltage is applied to the piezo element and opens when the voltage is released. is there.

  (3) The present invention is also the respiratory assistance device according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the exhalation valve opens toward the inside of the exhalation path.

  (4) The present invention is also a member provided around the exhalation valve so as to protrude outside the exhalation path, and the article is in contact with the exhalation valve so as to cover the exhalation valve. The breathing assistance device according to any one of (1) to (3), further comprising a safety member that forms a gap between the breathing valve and the exhalation valve to maintain the function of the exhalation valve. .

  (5) The present invention is also the respiratory assistance device according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein a plurality of the exhalation valves are provided.

  (6) In the present invention, a proximal end is connected to a supply source that delivers a gas to be exhaled, and at least an intake pipe that functions as the intake path and a distal end of the intake pipe are attached to a user's mouth or The respiratory assistance device according to any one of (1) to (5), further comprising: a wearing device that functions as the inspiratory route and the expiratory route by being disposed on the nose.

  (7) The present invention is also the respiratory assistance device according to (6), wherein the exhalation valve is provided in the wearing device.

  (8) The present invention is also the respiratory assistance device according to (6) or (7) above, further comprising the supply source.

  According to the respiratory assistance device described in the above (1) to (8) of the present invention, it is possible to prevent an increase in the burden on the patient, and the gas supplied from the supply source leaks and is supplied to the lungs. It is possible to achieve an excellent effect of preventing the amount of the amount from being reduced.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the respiratory assistance apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structure of a mask, (A) shows the time of opening of an exhalation-valve, (B) shows the time of closing of an exhalation-valve. It is the elements on larger scale of the mask explaining a safety member. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware constitutions of a control unit. It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of a control unit. It is the schematic which shows the example of control of a respiratory assistance apparatus, (A) shows the case where a patient exhales, (B) shows the case where a patient inhales. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the respiratory assistance apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the respiratory assistance apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the respiratory assistance apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the respiratory assistance apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of a micropump, (B) is a graph which shows the pressure-flow rate line of the micropump. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the respiratory assistance apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the exhalation-valve in the respiratory assistance apparatus deform | transformed into the form provided with a some exhalation-valve.

  Hereinafter, examples of embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 illustrates the configuration of a medical respiratory assistance device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The breathing assistance device 10 includes a supply source 11 that sends out gas that serves as inspiration, an intake pipe 12 that has a proximal end connected to the supply source 11, a mask 13 that is attached to the distal end of the intake pipe 12, and the mask. A barometer 14 that measures the atmospheric pressure in 13, an exhalation valve 15 provided in the mask 13, a plurality of safety members 16 provided around the exhalation valve 15 so as to protrude outside the exhalation path, And a control unit 17 for overall control of the entire apparatus. The intake pipe 12 and the mask 13 function as an intake path. The mask 13 is a wearing tool that covers the mouth and nose, and also functions as an expiration route.

  The supply source 11 includes a gas tank 19 stored in a compressed state of a gas such as air or oxygen, an adjustment valve 20 that adjusts the flow rate of the gas delivered from the gas tank 19, and a gas flow rate adjusted by the adjustment valve 20. And a flow meter 21 for measuring. The regulating valve 20 is controlled based on the sensing data (measurement result, sensing signal) of the barometer 14 and the flow meter 21. The type of the adjusting valve 20 is not particularly limited, but an electric valve, an electromagnetic valve having a fast response speed, or the like can be used. The flow meter 21 outputs sensing data to the control unit 17.

  The intake pipe 12 is made of a resin bellows tube, forms a single space integrally with the mask 13 attached to the patient, and serves as a path for the gas sent from the supply source 11. The air pressure in the intake pipe 12 coincides with the air pressure in the mask 13 attached to the patient in a steady state. The barometer 14 outputs sensing data to the control unit 17.

  The exhalation valve 15 functions as a check valve that releases exhalation into the atmosphere and prevents its backflow. This exhalation valve 15 is a monomorph (unimorph) structure in which a piezo element (piezoelectric element) 22 that is displaced according to the amount of voltage applied is laminated on a metal plate 23, and is a cantilever structure valve. is there. For this reason, the exhalation-valve 15 opens and closes by displacing so that the piezo element 22 may warp or extend. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2A, the exhalation valve 15 has a shape that warps toward the inside of the exhalation path when no voltage is applied to the piezo element 22, and The formed vent 13a is opened. As shown in FIG. 2B, the exhalation valve 15 has a shape extending when a voltage is applied to the piezo element 22, and closes the vent hole 13a formed in the mask 13. The exhalation valve 15 is appropriately fixed with, for example, a screw (not shown).

  Here, a monomorph structure is introduced as the exhalation valve 15, but of course, a bimorph structure in which two piezo elements are bonded together may be employed. In addition, it is preferable that the cantilever length of the exhalation-valve 15 is about 30 mm or more and 40 mm or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the stroke which the exhalation-valve 15 displaces is 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the safety member 16 forms a gap GAP between the article XA1 and the exhalation valve 15 when any article XA1 such as a cloth comes into contact with the exhalation valve 15, The function of the exhalation valve 15 is maintained.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 17 includes a CPU 24, a first storage medium 25, a second storage medium 26, a third storage medium 27, an input device 28, a display device 29, and an input / output interface. 30 and a bus 31.

  The CPU 24 is a so-called central processing unit, and implements various functions of the control unit 17 by executing various programs. The first storage medium 25 is a so-called RAM (Random Access Memory) and is used as a work area for the CPU 24. The second storage medium 26 is a so-called ROM (Read Only Memory) and stores a basic OS executed by the CPU 24. The third storage medium 27 includes a hard disk device with a built-in magnetic disk, a disk device that accommodates a CD, DVD, or BD, a non-volatile semiconductor flash memory device, and the like. Various programs executed by the CPU 24, and the like. Saved.

  The input device 28 is an input key, a keyboard, or a mouse, and inputs various information. The display device 29 is a display and displays various operation states. The input / output interface 30 inputs and outputs power and control signals for operating the exhalation valve 15. Further, the input / output interface 30 acquires data such as a program from an external personal computer. The bus 31 is a wiring that performs communication by integrally connecting the CPU 24, the first storage medium 25, the second storage medium 26, the third storage medium 27, the input device 28, the display device 29, the input / output interface 30, and the like. .

  FIG. 5 shows a functional configuration obtained by the CPU 24 executing the control program stored in the control unit 17. The control unit 17 includes a sensing unit 34, an exhalation valve control unit 35, and an adjustment valve control unit 36 as functional configurations. The sensing unit 34 always acquires sensing data from the barometer 14 and transmits the sensing data to the exhalation valve control unit 35. Further, the sensing unit 34 always acquires sensing data of the barometer 14 and the flow meter 21 and transmits the sensing data to the regulating valve control unit 36. The exhalation-valve control part 35 refers to the sensing data of the sensing part 34, and controls the control signal to the exhalation-valve 15 so that it may approach the target opening amount. The regulating valve control unit 36 refers to the sensing data of the sensing unit 34 and controls the control signal to the regulating valve 20 so as to approach the target flow rate value.

  Next, a control example of the respiratory assistance device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B).

  When exhaling, the pressure inside the mask 13 is increased. When the pressure inside the mask 13 is increased, the increased value is sensed by the barometer 14. Sensing data is output to the control unit 17. The control unit 17 controls the exhalation valve 15 based on the sensing data. That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, the control unit 17 operates the exhalation valve 15 and opens the vent hole 13a. Exhaled air is discharged from the vent hole 13a.

  The inside of the mask 13 is depressurized by the release of exhaled air. When the inside of the mask 13 is depressurized, the depressurized value is sensed by the barometer 14. Sensing data is output to the control unit 17. The control unit 17 controls the exhalation valve 15 based on the sensing data. That is, the control unit 17 operates the exhalation valve 15 and closes the vent hole 13a. Thereby, a closed space is formed in the mask 13 and an intake operation is enabled.

  Subsequently, when the patient inhales, the inside of the mask 13 is depressurized. When the inside of the mask 13 is depressurized, the depressurized value is sensed by the barometer 14. Sensing data is output to the control unit 17. The control unit 17 controls the supply source 11 based on the sensing data. That is, as shown in FIG. 6B, the control unit 17 opens the adjustment valve 20 and sends out gas from the gas tank 19 as intake air. Thereafter, the pressure in the mask 13 is increased. When the pressure inside the mask 13 is increased, the increased value is sensed by the barometer 14. Sensing data is output to the control unit 17. The control unit 17 controls the supply source 11 based on the sensing data. That is, the control unit 17 closes the regulating valve 20 and stops the gas being sent out from the gas tank 19 as intake air. Thereafter, the exhalation operation and the inhalation operation are repeated in the same manner.

  As described above, according to the respiratory assistance device 10, the exhalation valve 15 includes the piezo element 22, and the opening amount thereof can be finely adjusted. Therefore, the flow rate of the exhalation discharged from the exhalation valve 15 is rapidly increased. It can be prevented from changing. That is, it is possible to prevent the atmospheric pressure in the mask 13 from changing abruptly, and it is possible to prevent the burden on the patient from increasing. And since the exhalation-valve 15 can be closed so that the inside of the mask 13 becomes airtight at the time of inhalation, the quantity of the gas leaked from the said exhalation-valve 15 can be reduced. Moreover, since the exhalation-valve 15 has the piezo element 22, responsiveness is quick and the burden on a patient is small. Specifically, when an electromagnetic valve is employed as the exhalation valve, the valve opens and closes in a time of about 8 msec to 10 msec. However, in the case of the exhalation valve 15 having the piezo element 22 as in the present invention, 100 μsec. It can be opened and closed in a short time. Furthermore, since the exhalation-valve 15 has the piezo element 22, it has a long durability period and is not easily broken as compared with the case where an electromagnetic valve is employed as the exhalation-valve. Next, since the exhalation valve 15 includes the piezo element 22, the respiratory assistance device 10 can be reduced in size and weight as compared with the case where an electromagnetic valve is employed as the exhalation valve. Therefore, by applying the present invention, a patient with sleep apnea syndrome or the like can be used as a home ventilator.

  In addition, since the exhalation valve 15 is opened when voltage application to the piezo element 22 is released, the exhalation valve 15 is opened even when the exhalation valve 15 stops functioning due to a failure or the like. Can secure the airway of exhalation and inspiration.

  Furthermore, since the exhalation valve 15 opens toward the inside of the exhalation path, the exhalation valve 15 at the time of opening and closing can be prevented from interfering with some article.

  Next, since the safety member 16 is provided around the exhalation valve 15, even when some article XA1 such as a cloth comes into contact with the exhalation valve 15, there is a gap between the exhalation valve 15 and the article XA1. A gap GAP is formed in the gap, so that the function of the exhalation valve 15 can be maintained.

  And since the exhalation-valve 15 is provided in the mask 13, the responsiveness of the exhalation-valve 15 with respect to exhalation operation | movement is quick, and there are few burdens on a patient.

  FIG. 7 illustrates the configuration of the respiratory assistance device 40 according to the second embodiment. Since the first embodiment and the second embodiment have many parts that are the same or similar, description of these parts will be omitted as appropriate, and here, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described. In the third and subsequent embodiments, which will be described later, descriptions common to the other embodiments will be omitted as appropriate, and differences from the other embodiments will be mainly described.

  In the breathing assistance device 40, instead of forming the vent hole 13 a in the mask 13, the vent hole 12 a is formed in the intake pipe 12. The respiratory assistance device 40 includes an exhalation valve 41 and a plurality of safety members 42 in the inspiratory pipe 12 instead of providing the exhalation valve 15 and the plurality of safety members 16 in the mask 13. For this reason, the inspiratory pipe 12 also functions as an exhalation path. The exhalation valve 41 is preferably provided at a position as close as possible to the mask 13 as long as the response to the exhalation operation is not delayed. Specifically, the exhalation valve 41 is preferably provided at a position where the length from the mask 13 in the inspiratory pipe 12 is within 300 mm, and more preferably at a position within 100 mm. That is, the expiratory valve 41 is preferably provided at a position within 310 mm, more preferably at a position within 110 mm, of the expiratory path from the entrance to the body such as the mouth.

  FIG. 8 illustrates the configuration of the respiratory assistance device 50 according to the third embodiment. In the respiratory assistance device 50, instead of providing the exhalation valve 15 and the plurality of safety members 16 directly on the mask 13, the exhalation valve 51 and the plurality of safety members 52 are provided on the mask 13 via the exhaust pipe 53. . That is, the exhaust cylinder 53 is provided on the mask 13 so that the base end thereof covers the vent hole 13a. The exhaust pipe 53 is provided with an exhalation valve 51 and a plurality of safety members 52 around it. The tip of the exhaust cylinder 53 is closed by a cap 54. The exhaust tube 53 is preferably set as short as possible within a range in which the response of the exhalation valve 51 to the exhalation operation is not delayed. Specifically, the length of the exhaust tube 53 is preferably within 500 mm, and more preferably within 300 mm.

  FIG. 9 illustrates the configuration of a respiratory assistance device 60 according to the fourth embodiment. The breathing assistance device 60 has an exhalation valve 61 and a plurality of safety members 62 provided on the intake pipe 12 via an exhaust pipe 63 instead of providing the exhalation valve 15 and the plurality of safety members 16 directly on the mask 13. Yes. That is, the exhaust pipe 63 is provided in the intake pipe 12 so that the base end thereof covers the vent hole 12a. The exhaust pipe 63 is provided with an exhalation valve 61 and a plurality of safety members 62 around it. For this reason, the inspiratory pipe 12 also functions as an exhalation path. The tip of the exhaust tube 63 is closed by a cap 64. The exhaust pipe 63 is preferably set as short as possible within a range in which the response of the exhalation valve 61 to the exhalation operation is not delayed. Specifically, the length of the exhaust pipe 63 is preferably within 500 mm, and more preferably within 300 mm. Further, the exhaust pipe 63 is preferably provided as close to the mask 13 as possible. Specifically, the exhaust pipe 63 is preferably provided at a position where the length from the mask 13 in the intake pipe 12 is within 150 mm, and more preferably at a position within 50 mm. That is, the exhaust pipe 63 is preferably provided at a position within 160 mm, more preferably at a position within 60 mm, of the exhalation path from the entrance to the body such as the mouth.

  FIG. 10 illustrates the configuration of a respiratory assistance device 70 according to the fifth embodiment. The respiratory assistance device 70 includes the micropump 100 as the supply source 11, and includes only the mask 13 as the intake path. That is, the micropump 100 is directly connected to the mask 13. This micro pump 100 is proposed in Patent Document WO 2008/069266, and as shown in FIG. 11A, a primary blower chamber 101 and a secondary blower chamber 101 formed outside the primary blower chamber 101 are provided. And a blower chamber 102.

  The primary blower chamber 101 includes a piezoelectric element 103 serving as a vibration source, a diaphragm 104 to which the piezoelectric element 103 is fixed, and a vibration frame 105 that forms a space together with the diaphragm 104. The vibration frame 105 has an opening 106 that moves fluid inside and outside the primary blower chamber 101. The secondary blower chamber 102 has a suction port 107 on the diaphragm 104 side and a discharge port 108 so as to face the opening 106.

  In the micropump 100 described above, when the diaphragm 104 resonates by the piezoelectric element 103, the fluid moves between the primary blower chamber 101 and the secondary blower chamber 102, and the vibration frame 105 resonates due to the fluid resistance caused by the fluid. Due to the resonance between the diaphragm 104 and the vibration frame 105, the fluid is sucked from the suction port 107 and discharged from the discharge port 108.

  The micropump 100 is suitable for blower applications that transport gas, and can be transported without using a check valve. The micropump 100 has a box shape with an outer diameter of about 20 mm × 20 mm × 2 mm and is extremely small. However, when the input sine wave is set to 26 kHz at 15 Vpp (Volt peak to peak), the maximum is about 1 L / min (static pressure). Air at 0 Pa) and a maximum static pressure of about 2 kPa (flow rate 0 L / min) can be obtained.

  On the other hand, since the micropump 100 conveys fluid by the vibration of the diaphragm 104 by the piezoelectric element 103, there is a limit to the volume of fluid that can be conveyed, and this static pressure / flow rate characteristic is also shown in FIG. A straight line. That is, for example, when a static pressure of about 1 kPa is obtained, the flow rate is 0.5 L / min.

  Note that, when the Vpp of the input sine wave is changed to 10 or 20, the amplitude of the piezoelectric element 103 changes, so that the flow rate and pressure can be changed. That is, when Vpp of the input sine wave is changed smoothly, the flow rate and pressure can be changed smoothly. Alternatively, when the frequency of the input sine wave is changed, the flow rate and pressure can be changed. That is, when the frequency of the input sine wave is changed smoothly, the flow rate and pressure can be changed smoothly. However, the flow rate and pressure have upper limits depending on the ability of the piezoelectric element 103, the strength of the member, and the durability. Usually used at rated Vpp and frequency.

  Although a monomorph (unimorph) structure in which one piezoelectric element 103 is attached to the diaphragm 104 is introduced here, it is of course possible to adopt a bimorph structure in which two piezoelectric elements are attached to increase the vibration amount. .

  FIG. 12 illustrates the configuration of a respiratory assistance device 80 according to the sixth embodiment. The respiratory assistance device 80 includes the micropump 100 as the supply source 11 and includes only the intake pipe 12 as the intake path. The breathing assistance device 80 includes an exhalation valve 81 and a plurality of safety members 82 in the inspiratory pipe 12 instead of providing the exhalation valve 15 and the plurality of safety members 16 in the mask 13. For this reason, the inspiratory pipe 12 also functions as an exhalation path. It is preferable that the exhalation valve 81 is provided at a position as close as possible to the tip of the exhalation tube 12 as long as the response to the exhalation operation is not delayed and is not inserted into the patient's mouth. Further, the breathing assistance device 80 includes a barometer 83 in the intake pipe 12 instead of providing the barometer 14 in the mask 13.

  Note that the respiratory assistance device of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Moreover, you may apply the structural requirement of above-described embodiment to other embodiment in the possible range.

  That is, in each of the above embodiments, the position, size, shape, and quantity of each component can be changed as appropriate. For example, the quantity of exhalation valves 15, 41, 51, 61 may be mentioned, and two or more exhalation valves 15, 41, 51, 61 may be provided.

  Specifically, a case where the first embodiment is modified will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 13, the mask 13 has a plurality of (for example, eight) vent holes 13a. The plurality of vent holes 13a are provided with exhalation valves 15 one by one. The plurality of exhalation valves 15 are controlled and opened / closed independently of each other. The flow rate of exhalation can be adjusted by changing the number of exhalation valves 15 to be opened. For this reason, without controlling the amount of voltage applied to the piezo elements 22, the on / off of the voltage to each piezo element 22 is controlled to change the number of exhalation valves 15 to be opened, thereby changing the flow rate of exhalation. Can be adjusted. That is, the flow rate of exhaled breath can be adjusted with simple control. Further, by controlling the amount of voltage applied to the piezo element 22, the flow rate of exhalation can be adjusted more smoothly.

  Alternatively, in the first to fourth embodiments, the micropump 100 may be provided as the supply source 11 instead of the gas tank 19 or the like. In each of the above embodiments including the cases of the fifth and sixth embodiments, a plurality of micropumps 100 may be provided and arranged in series or in parallel, or arranged in a matrix.

  Or in the said 1st-5th embodiment, although the mask 13 which covers a mouth and a nose is provided as an inhalation path | route and an expiration | expired_air path | route, it replaces with the mask 13 and is equipped with mounting tools, such as a nose piece attached to a nose. You may do it.

  The respiratory assistance device of the present invention can be used for the purpose of assisting various organisms.

10, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 Respiratory assistance device 11 Supply source 12 Inspiratory pipe 13 Mask 15, 41, 51, 61, 81 Expiratory valve 16, 42, 52, 62, 82 Safety member 22 Piezo element 100 Micro pump XA1 article GAP gap

Claims (8)

An inhalation path, an exhalation path, and an exhalation valve provided on the exhalation path,
The exhalation valve has a piezo element that is displaced according to the amount of voltage applied, and opens and closes when the piezo element is displaced.
Respiratory device. The exhalation valve is closed when a voltage is applied to the piezo element, and is opened when the voltage is released.
The respiratory assistance device according to claim 1. The exhalation valve opens toward the inside of the exhalation path,
The respiratory assistance device according to claim 1 or 2. A member provided around the exhalation valve so as to protrude to the outside of the exhalation path, and when an article contacts the exhalation valve so as to cover the exhalation valve, a gap is provided between the article and the exhalation valve. And comprising a safety member that maintains the function of the exhalation valve,
The respiratory assistance apparatus in any one of Claims 1-3. It comprises a plurality of the exhalation valves,
The respiratory assistance apparatus in any one of Claims 1-4. A proximal end connected to a supply source for delivering a gas to be exhaled, and at least an intake pipe functioning as the intake path;
Attached to the tip of the inspiratory pipe and disposed in a user's mouth or nose, and equipped with an attachment that functions as the inspiratory path and the expiratory path.
The respiratory assistance apparatus in any one of Claims 1-5. The exhalation valve is provided in the wearing device,
The respiratory assistance device according to claim 6. Comprising the supply source,
The respiratory assistance apparatus of Claim 6 or 7.

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